In syntax, a transitive verb is a verb that requires both a subject and one or more objects. In Linguistics, syntax (from Ancient Greek grc συν- syn-, "together" and grc τάξις táxis, "arrangement" is the For English usage of verbs see the wiki article English verbs. According to a tradition that can be tracked back to Aristotle, every sentence can be divided in two main constituents, one being the subject of the sentence and the An object in Grammar is a Sentence element and part of the sentence predicate. Some examples of sentences with transitive verbs:

• Harry sees Adam. (Adam is the direct object of "sees")
• You lifted the bag. (bag is the direct object of "lifted")
• I punished you. (you is the direct object of "punished")
• I give you the book. (book is the direct object of "give" and "you" is the non-prepositional indirect object of "give")

Those transitive verbs that are able to take both a direct object and an indirect object are called ditransitive; an example is the verb give above. In Grammar, a ditransitive verb is a Verb which takes a subject and two objects According to certain linguistics considerations these objects Verbs that require a single object are called monotransitive. A monotransitive verb is a Verb that takes two arguments a subject and a single Direct object. There are a few verbs that may be called "tritransitive". ^[1]

Verbs that don't require an object are called intransitive, for example the verb to sleep. In Grammar, an intransitive Verb does not take an object. In more technical terms an intransitive verb has only one argument (its subject Since one cannot "sleep" something, the verb acts intransitively. Verbs that can be used in a transitive or intransitive way are called ambitransitive; an example is the verb eat, since the sentences I am eating (with an intransitive form) and I am eating an apple (with a transitive form that has an apple as the object) are both grammatically correct. An ambitransitive verb is a Verb that can be used both as intransitive or as transitive without requiring a morphological change

There are languages which distinguish verbs based on their transitivity, which suggests that this is a salient linguistic feature. In Linguistics, transitivity is a property of Verbs that relates to whether a verb can take Direct objects It is closely related to valency. Linguistics is the scientific study of Language, encompassing a number of sub-fields For example, in Japanese:

授業が始まる。

Jugyō ga hajimaru.

The class starts.

先生が授業を始める。

Sensei ga jugyō o hajimeru.

The teacher starts the class.

However, the definition of transitive verbs as those which have one object is not universal and is not used in grammars of many languages. For example, it is generally accepted in Polish grammar that transitive verbs are those which:

• accept a direct object (in accusative in the positive form, and in genitive in the negative form), OR
• undergo passive transformation. Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. An object in Grammar is a Sentence element and part of the sentence predicate. The accusative case ( abbreviated ACC) of a Noun is the Grammatical case used to mark the Direct object of a Transitive In Grammar, the genitive case or possessive case (also called the second case) is the case that marks a Noun as modifying another

Both conditions are fulfilled in many instances of transitive verbs, ex. Maria widzi Jana (Mary sees John; Jana is the accusative form of Jan) - Jan jest widziany przez Marię (John is seen by Mary). However, there are exceptions, and verbs with one or even two objects may also be intransitive. In Grammar, an intransitive Verb does not take an object. In more technical terms an intransitive verb has only one argument (its subject

See also

• Transitivity (grammatical category)
• Intransitive verb
• Verb
• Valency (linguistics)
• Morphosyntactic alignment
• Verb argument

References

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