A transceiver is a device that has both a transmitter and a receiver which are combined and share common circuitry or a single housing. For biologic transmitters see Transmitter substance. A transmitter is an electronic device which usually with the aid of an antenna This article is about a radio receiver for other uses see Radio (disambiguation. If no circuitry is common between transmit and receive functions, the device is a transmitter-receiver. The term originated in the early 1920s. Technically, transceivers must combine a significant amount of the transmitter and receiver handling circuitry. An electronic circuit is a closed path formed by the interconnection of Electronic components through which an Electric current can flow Similar devices include transponders, transverters, and repeaters. In Telecommunication, the term transponder (short-for Trans mitter-res ponder and sometimes abbreviated to XPDR XPNDR TPDR or TP has the following meanings A transverter is a Radio frequency device that consists of an upconverter and a downconverter in one unit A repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal and Retransmits it at a higher level and/or higher power or onto the other side of an obstruction

Transceivers are called Medium Attachment Units (MAUs) in IEEE 802.3 documents. A transmission medium' (plural transmission media) is a material substance ( Solid, Liquid or Gas) which can propagate MAU is an acronym for Medium Attachment Unit, also known as " Transceiver " which converts signals on an Ethernet cable to and from AUI IEEE 8023 is a collection of IEEE standards defining the Physical layer, and the media access control (MAC sublayer of the Data link layer,

Ethernet

Transceivers known as Medium Attachment Units were widely used in 10base2 and 10base5 Ethernet networks. MAU is an acronym for Medium Attachment Unit, also known as " Transceiver " which converts signals on an Ethernet cable to and from AUI Ethernet is a family of frame -based Computer networking technologies for Local area networks (LANs Fibre-optic gigabit and 10 gigabit Ethernet utilize transceivers known as GBIC, SFP, XFP and XAUI. An optical fiber (or fibre) is a Glass or Plastic fiber that carries Light along its length Gigabit Ethernet (GbE or 1 GigE is a term describing various technologies for transmitting Ethernet frames at a rate of a gigabit per second, as defined by the A gigabit interface converter ( GBIC) is a standard for Transceivers commonly used with Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre channel. The small form-factor pluggable ( SFP) is a compact hot-pluggable optical Transceiver used in Optical communications for both The XFP (10 Gigabit Small Form Factor Pluggable) is a Hot-swappable protocol -independent Optical transceiver, typically operating at 850nm XAUI (pronounced "zowie" a concatenation of the Roman numeral X meaning ten and the initials of " Attachment Unit Interface " is a standard for

Radio technology

Main article: Two-way radio

In radio terminology, a transceiver means a unit which contains both a receiver and a transmitter. two-way radio is a radio that can both transmit and receive (a Transceiver) unlike a broadcast receiver which only receives content Radio is the transmission of signals by Modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible Light. It was quite common to have these units separated. Ham radio operators can build their own equipment and it is always easier to design and build a simple unit having one of the functions, transmitting or receiving. Amateur radio, often called ham radio, is both a Hobby and a service in which participants called "hams" use various types of Radio communications Almost every modern amateur radio equipment is now a transceiver but there is an active market for pure radio receivers, mainly for Shortwave listening operators. Shortwave listening (abbreviated as SWLing) is the Hobby of tuning for Shortwave Radio broadcasts located on shortwave frequencies An example of a transceiver would be a walkie-talkie, or a CB radio. A walkie-talkie (more formally known as a handheld transceiver) is a hand-held portable Two-way radio Transceiver. Citizens' Band radio ( CB) is in many countries a system of short-distance simplex radio communications between individuals on a selection of 40 channels within

Telephony

On a wired telephone, the handset contains the transmitter and receiver for the audio. Basic principle A traditional landline telephone system also known as "plain old telephone service" (POTS, commonly handles both signaling and audio information The whole unit is colloquially referred to as a "receiver. " On a mobile telephone or other radiotelephone, the entire unit is a transceiver, for both audio and radio. A radiotelephone is a communications device that allows two or more people to talk using Radio.

A cordless telephone uses an audio and radio transceiver for the handset, and a radio transceiver for the base station. A cordless telephone or portable telephone is a Telephone with a Wireless handset that communicates via Radio waves with a Base station The term base station can be used in the context of Land surveying, Wireless computer networking, and Wireless communications. If a speakerphone is included in a wired telephone base or in a cordless base station (less common), the base also becomes an audio transceiver in addition to the handset. A speakerphone is a Telephone with a Microphone and Loudspeaker provided separately from those in the handset

A modem is also a transceiver, but is usually called by its own name rather than the more generic one. Modem (from mo dulator- dem odulator is a device that modulates an analog carrier signal to encode Digital information

Sources

• Federal Standard 1037C
• SmartCode Corp.
• MIL-STD-188

External articles

Patents

• U.S. Patent 0,716,136 , John Stone Stone, "Apparatus for Simultaneousl transmitting and receiving space-telegraph signals"
• U.S. Patent 1,526,308 , A. Federal Standard 1037C, entitled Telecommunications Glossary of Telecommunication Terms is a United States Federal Standard issued by the General Services Administration MIL-STD-188 is a series of US military standards relating to Telecommunications Purpose Faced with “past technical deficiencies in telecommunications John Stone Stone ( September 24, 1869 &ndash May 20, 1943) was an American mathematician, Physicist J. Kloneck, "Simultaneous sending and receiving system"
• U.S. Patent 1,570,261 , A. J. Kloneck, "Simultaneous sending and receiving system"
• U.S. Patent 1,715,701 , C. Le G. Fortescue, "Combined wireless sending and receiving system"

General

• 7 MHz SSB TRANSCEIVER 7 MHz SSB TRANSCEIVER