Date Masamune, a prominent tozama daimyo

A Tozama daimyo (外様大名, Tozama daimyo^?) was a daimyo who was considered an outsider by the rulers of Japan. ( September 5, 1567 – June 27, 1636) was a Japanese samurai of the Azuchi-Momoyama period through early Edo period. The ( were powerful territorial lords who ruled most of Japan from their vast hereditary land holdings For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The term came into use in the Kamakura period and continued until the end of the Edo period. The is a period of Japanese history that marks the governance by the Kamakura Shogunate, officially established in 1192 by the first Kamakura Shogun The, also referred to as the Tokugawa period (徳川時代 Tokugawa-jidai) is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868

Edo period

The daimyo who submitted to the Tokugawa shogunate after the Battle of Sekigahara were classified as tozama. The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the, and the, was a feudal regime of Japan established by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the Shoguns of Background and pretext Even though Toyotomi Hideyoshi unified Japan and consolidated his power following the Siege of Odawara in 1590 his ill-fated Many of the largest fiefs were ruled by tozama. The, or domains, were the Fiefs of Feudal Lords of Japan that were created by Toyotomi Hideyoshi and existed until their The biggest was the Maeda clan of Kaga with a value of 1,000,000 koku. The was a branch of the Sugawara clan who descended from Sugawara no Kiyotomo and Sugawara no Michizane in the eighth and ninth centuries The was a powerful Feudal domain in Kaga, Noto and Etchū Provinces of Japan (present-day Ishikawa Prefecture and KOKU (1003 FM, "Hit Radio 100" is a Radio station in the United States territory of Guam. Others included the Shimazu family of Satsuma, the Mori, the Date, Hachisuka, and the Uesugi. The were the Daimyō of the Satsuma han, which spread over Satsuma, Ōsumi and Hyūga provinces in Japan. The Satsuma domain ( 薩摩藩 Satsuma Han) was one of the most powerful feudal domains in Tokugawa Japan, and played a major role in the Ichimonjimitsuboshisvg|thumb|right|150px| Kamon of Mōri clan Ichimonji mitsuboshi ]]The Mōri clan (毛利氏 Mōri-shi) was a family of The was a lineage of Daimyo who controlled northern Japan (the Tōhoku region) in the late 16th century and into the Edo period. The are descendants of Emperor Seiwa (850-880 and are a branch of the Ashikaga clan and the Shiba clan (Seiwa Genji The was a Japanese samurai clan descended from the Fujiwara clan and particularly notable for their power in the Muromachi and Sengoku periods (roughly 14th-17th Many, but not all, of these families, had been living in roughly the same regions for centuries before the Tokugawa shogunate.

Tokugawa Ieyasu had treated the great tozama vassals amicably but later, between 1623 and 1626, Tokugawa Iemitsu was less tolerant of them. A vassal (also called feodary or fedary) in the terminology that both preceded and accompanied the feudalism of Medieval Europe, Tokugawa Iemitsu (徳川 家光 August 12, 1604 — June 8, 1651) sometimes Particularly in western Japan, the tozama daimyo heavily profited from foreign trade in the mid 17th century. Their growing success was a threat to the shogunate, which responded by preventing the ports of western Japan and Kyūshū from trading. or Kyushu is the third-largest Island of Japan and most southwesterly of its four main islands.

To keep the tozama in check, the shogunate stationed fudai daimyo in strategic locations, including along major roads and near important cities. For much of the Edo period, the shogunate ordinarily did not appoint tozama to high positions within the government. These went instead to the fudai daimyo. However, this began to change in the Bakumatsu era; one tozama daimyo (Matsumae Takahiro) even became a rōjū. are the final years of the Edo period when the Tokugawa shogunate came to an end The, usually translated as Elder, was one of the highest-ranking government posts in Tokugawa Japan.

Tozama daimyo from Satsuma and Choshu (Shimazu and Mori clans respectively) were responsible for the fall of the Tokugawa Shogunate during the Bakumatsu era. The Satsuma domain ( 薩摩藩 Satsuma Han) was one of the most powerful feudal domains in Tokugawa Japan, and played a major role in the The was a Feudal domain of Japan during the Edo period (1603-1867 occupying the whole of modern day Yamaguchi Prefecture. are the final years of the Edo period when the Tokugawa shogunate came to an end Rallying other tozama to their cause, they fought against the shogunate, Aizu, and the Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei during the Boshin War of 1868-69. is an area comprising the westernmost third of Fukushima Prefecture in Japan. The Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei or was a Japanese military-political coalition established and disestablished over the course of several months in early to mid-1868 during the Boshin War The was a Civil war in Japan, fought from 1868 to 1869 between forces of the ruling Tokugawa shogunate and those seeking to return political power to the Many people from Satsuma and Choshu dominated politics in the ensuing decades, and well into the 20th century.

References

• Ooms, Herman (1975). Charismatic Bureaucrat. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.