Tourism is travel for predominantly recreational or leisure purposes or the provision of services to support this leisure travel. Travel is the change in location of people on a trip through the means of Transport from one location to another Recreation or fun is the expenditure of time in a manner designed for therapeutic refreshment of one's Body or Mind. Leisure or free time, is a period of Time spent out of work and essential domestic Activity. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited". The United Nations World Tourism Organization ( UNWTO) headquartered in Madrid, Spain, is a United Nations agency dealing with questions relating Tourism has become a popular global leisure activity. In 2006, there were over 846 million international tourist arrivals. ^[1]

Tourism is vital for many countries such as Egypt, Thailand and many island nations such as Fiji, due to the large intake of money for businesses with their goods and services and the opportunity for employment in the service industries associated with tourism. This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj Fiji (Matanitu ko Viti फ़िजी officially the Republic of the Fiji Islands (Matanitu Tu-Vaka-i-koya ko Viti फ़िजी द्वीप समूह गणराज्य These service industries include transportation services such as cruise ships and taxis, accommodation such as hotels and entertainment venues, and other hospitality industry services such as resorts. Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another The hospitality industry is a 35 trillion dollar service sector within the global economy

Contents 1 Definition 2 World tourism statistics and rankings 2.1 Most visited countries 2.2 International tourism receipts 2.3 Most visited attractions 3 History 3.1 Pre twentieth century 3.2 Health tourism 3.3 Creative tourism 3.4 Leisure travel 3.5 Winter tourism 3.6 Mass tourism 3.6.1 In Britain 3.6.2 International 3.7 Recent developments 3.7.1 Eco-tourism 3.7.2 Grey nomads 3.7.3 Medical tourism 3.7.4 Creative tourism 3.7.5 Adventure tourism 3.7.6 Dark tourism 4 Growth 5 Negative impacts 6 See also 7 References 8 External links

Definition

Hunziker and Krapf, in 1941, defined tourism as "the sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay of non-residents, insofar as they do not lead to permanent residence and are not connected with any earning activity. "^[4] In 1976 the Tourism Society of England defined it as "Tourism is the temporary, short-term movement of people to destination outside the places where they normally live and work and their activities during the stay at each destination. It includes movements for all purposes. " In 1981 International Association of Scientific Experts in Tourism^[5] defined Tourism in terms of particular activities selected by choice and undertaken outside the home environment.

The United Nations classified three forms of tourism in 1994 in its Recommendations on Tourism Statistics: Domestic tourism, which involves residents of the given country traveling only within this country; Inbound tourism, involving non-residents traveling in the given country; and Outbound tourism, involving residents traveling in another country. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security

The UN also derived different categories of tourism by combining the 3 basic forms of tourism: Internal tourism, which comprises domestic tourism and inbound tourism; National tourism, which comprises domestic tourism and outbound tourism; and International tourism, which consists of inbound tourism and outbound tourism. Intrabound tourism is a term coined by the Korea Tourism Organization and widely accepted in Korea. The Korea Tourism Organization ( KTO) is a statutory organization of the Republic of Korea (South Korea under the Ministry Intrabound tourism differs from domestic tourism in that the former encompasses policymaking and implementation of national tourism policies.

Recently, the tourism industry has shifted from the promotion of inbound tourism to the promotion of intrabound tourism because many countries are experiencing tough competition for inbound tourists. Some national policymakers have shifted their priority to the promotion of intrabound tourism to contribute to the local economy. Examples of such campaigns include "See America" in the United States, "Malaysia Truly Asia" in Malaysia, "Get Going Canada" in Canada, "Wow Philippines" in the Philippines, "Uniquely Singapore" in Singapore, "100% Pure New Zealand" in New Zealand and "Incredible India" in India. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Singapore New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island

World tourism statistics and rankings

Most visited countries

Main article: World Tourism rankings

The World Tourism Organization,^[1] recognizes ten countries as the most visited in 2006 by number of travellers. The World Tourism rankings are compiled by the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO as part of their World Tourism Barometer publication The United Nations World Tourism Organization ( UNWTO) headquartered in Madrid, Spain, is a United Nations agency dealing with questions relating Most are on the European continent.

Rank	Country	Continent	International tourist arrivals (2006)
1	France	Europe	79. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. 1 million
2	Spain	Europe	58. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. 5 million
3	United States	North America	51. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the 1 million
4	People's Republic of China	Asia	49. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES 6 million
5	Italy	Europe	41. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest 1 million
6	United Kingdom	Europe	30. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located 1 million
7	Germany	Europe	23. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. 6 million
8	Mexico	North America	21. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. 4 million
9	Austria	Europe	20. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich 3 million
10	Russia	Europe	20. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending 1 million

International tourism receipts

The World Tourism Organization,^[1] recognizes the following 10 countries as the top ten tourism earners for the year 2006. The United Nations World Tourism Organization ( UNWTO) headquartered in Madrid, Spain, is a United Nations agency dealing with questions relating It is noticeable that most of them are on the European continent.

Rank	Country	Continent	International Tourism Receipts (2006)
1	United States	North America	$85. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the 7 billion
2	Spain	Europe	$51. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. 1 billion
3	France	Europe	$42. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. 9 billion
4	Italy	Europe	$38. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest 1 billion
5	People's Republic of China	Asia	$33,9 billion
6	United Kingdom	Europe	$33. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located 7 billion
7	Germany	Europe	$32. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. 8 billion
8	Australia	Oceania	$17. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. 8 billion
9	Turkey	Asia/Europe	$16. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches 9 billion
10	Austria	Europe	$16. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich 7 billion

Most visited attractions

Forbes Traveller released a ranking of the world's 50 most visited tourist attractions in 2007, including both international and domestic tourists. ^[6] The following are the Top 10 attractions, followed by some other famous sites included within the list of the 50 most visited:^[7] It is noticeable that 4 out of the top 5, and 6 out of the top 10, are in the North America continent.

World's ranking	Tourist attraction	City and country	Number of visitors (millions)
1	Times Square	New York City,  United States	35
2	National Mall & Memorial Parks	Washington, D.C.,  United States	25
3	Walt Disney World's Magic Kingdom	Lake Buena Vista, Orlando, USA	16. Times Square is a major intersection in Manhattan, New York City at the junction of Broadway and Seventh Avenue and stretching from West The City of New York The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The National Mall is an open-area National park in Downtown Washington D Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Walt Disney World Resort is the most visited and largest recreational resort in the world containing four Theme parks two Water parks twenty-three themed hotels This article is about the Theme park at Walt Disney World Resort. Lake Buena Vista is a city in Orange County, Florida, United States. Orlando is a major City in central Florida, USA and is the County seat of Orange County Florida. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the 6
4	Trafalgar Square	London,  United Kingdom	15
5	Disneyland	Anaheim, CA,  United States	14. Trafalgar Square is a square in central London, England. With its position in the heart of London it is a tourist attraction its trademark is Nelson's London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Disneyland, marketed as the happiest place on Earth, is an American Theme park in Anaheim, California, owned and operated by the Walt California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the 7
6	Niagara Falls	Ontario,  Canada & N.Y., USA	14
7	Fisherman's Wharf & Golden Gate Natl. R. Area	San Francisco,CA,  United States	13
8	Tokyo Disneyland & Tokyo DisneySea	Tokyo,  Japan	12. The Niagara Falls are massive Waterfalls on the Niagara River, straddling the international border separating the Canadian province of Ontario Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Fisherman's Wharf is a Neighborhood and popular Tourist attraction in San Francisco, California, U The Golden Gate National Recreation Area (GGNRA is a US National Recreation Area administered by the National Park Service that surrounds the San Francisco The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the is a Theme park and vacation resort located in Urayasu, Chiba, Japan, just east of Tokyo (Coordinates) is a 176 acre (714000 m² Theme park at the Tokyo Disney Resort located in Urayasu, Chiba, Japan, just outside of Tokyo. officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. 9
9	Notre-Dame de Paris	Paris,  France	12
10	Disneyland Paris	Paris,  France	10. NotreDameFlyingButtressjpg|right|thumb|250px|Notre Dame de Paris Flying Buttress]] Notre Dame de Paris is a Gothic Cathedral on the eastern half of the Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Disneyland Resort Paris' is a Holiday and Recreation Resort in Marne-la-Vallée, a New town in the eastern suburbs of Paris Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. 6
	Other famous destinations
11	The Great Wall of China	Badaling,  China	10
18	Eiffel Tower	Paris,  France	6. The Great Wall of China ( or ( is a series of stone and earthen Fortifications in China, built rebuilt and maintained between the 6th century BC and the 16th Badaling (;) is the site of the most visited section of the Great Wall of China, approximately 50 Miles northwest of Beijing city in Yanqing Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES The Eiffel Tower (Tour Eiffel /tuʀ ɛfɛl/ is an Iron Tower built Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. 7
31	Grand Canyon	Arizona,  United States	4. The Grand Canyon The State of Arizona ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the 4
36	Statue of Liberty	New York,  United States	4. Liberty Enlightening the World (La liberté éclairant le monde commonly known as the Statue of Liberty (Statue de la Liberté was presented New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The United States of America —commonly referred to as the 24
37	The Vatican and its museums	Rome,  Italy	4. Vatican City, officially the State of the Vatican City (Stato della Città del Vaticano is a Landlocked sovereign City-state whose territory Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest 2
39	The Colosseum	Rome,  Italy	4
47	Giza Pyramids	Cairo,  Egypt	3
50	Taj Mahal	Agra,  India	2. The Colosseum or Roman Coliseum, originally the Flavian Amphitheatre ( Latin: Amphitheatrum Flavium, Italian Anfiteatro Flavio Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The Giza Necropolis stands on the Giza Plateau on the outskirts of Cairo, Egypt. Cairo () which means "the Vanquisher" or "the Triumphant" is the capital and largest city of Egypt. This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. The Taj Mahal (tɑdʒ Agra ( pronounced) (आगरा آگرا is a city on the banks of the Yamuna River in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country 4

History

Wealthy people have always traveled to distant parts of the world to see great buildings or other works of art, to learn new languages, to experience new cultures, or to taste new cuisine. Cuisine (from French cuisine, "cooking culinary art kitchen" ultimately from Latin coquere, "to cook" is a specific set As long ago as the time of the Roman Republic places such as Baiae were popular coastal resorts for the rich. The Roman Republic was the phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a Republican form of government a period which began with the overthrow of the Baiae (in modern Italian only Baia) is a Frazione of the Comune of Bacoli, in the Campania region of Italy

The word tourism was used by 1811 and tourist by 1840. ^[8] In 1936 the League of Nations defined foreign tourist as someone travelling abroad for at least twenty-four hours. The League of Nations was an International organization founded as a result of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919–1920 It successor, the United Nations amended this definition in 1945 by including a maximum stay of six months. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security ^[9]

Pre twentieth century

The history of European tourism can perhaps be said to originate with the medieval pilgrimage. In Religion and Spirituality, a pilgrimage is a long journey or Search of great Moral significance Although undertaken primarily for religious reasons, the pilgrims in the Canterbury Tales quite clearly saw the experience as a kind of holiday (the term itself being derived from the 'holy day' and its associated leisure activities). The Canterbury Tales is a collection of stories written by Geoffrey Chaucer in the 14th century (two of them in Prose, the rest in verse) Lists of holidays The words holiday or vacation have related meanings in different English-speaking countries and continents but will usually refer to one of Pilgrimages created a variety of tourist aspects that still exist - bringing back souvenirs, obtaining credit with foreign banks (in medieval times utilizing international networks established by Jews and Lombards), and making use of space available on existing forms of transport (such as the use of medieval English wine ships bound for Vigo by pilgrims to Santiago de Compostela). PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ The Lombards ( Latin Langobardi, whence the alternative names Langobards and Longobards) were a Germanic people originally from For other meanings see Vigo (disambiguation Vigo is the largest city in Galicia, Spain, in terms of population Santiago de Compostela (also Saint James of Compostela is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia and a UNESCO World Pilgrimages are still important in modern tourism - such as to Lourdes or Knock in Ireland. Lourdes ( Occitan: Lorda) is a town and commune situated in the southwest of the Hautes-Pyrénées department, lying in the first Pyrenean Knock (An Cnoc meaning The Hill – but now more generally known in Irish as Cnoc Mhuire, "Hill of (the Virgin Mary" is a small town in But there are secular equivalents - Graceland and the grave of Jim Morrison in Père Lachaise Cemetery. Graceland is the name of the 138 acre estate and large white-columned mansion that once belonged to Elvis Presley, located at 3734 Elvis Presley Boulevard in Memphis James Douglas Morrison (December 8 1943—July 3 1971 was an American Poet, Singer, Songwriter, Writer, and Film director Père Lachaise Cemetery (Cimetière du Père-Lachaise officially cimetière de l'Est, "East Cemetery" is the largest Cemetery in the city of Paris

During the 17th century, it became fashionable in England to undertake a Grand Tour. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The Grand Tour was the traditional travel of Europe undertaken by mainly upper-class European young men of means The sons of the nobility and gentry were sent upon an extended tour of Europe as an educational experience. Nobility is a government-privileged title which may be either hereditary (see Hereditary titles) or for a lifetime Gentry generally refers to people of high Social class, especially in the past The 18th century was the golden age of the Grand Tour, and many of the fashionable visitors were painted at Rome by Pompeo Batoni. Pompeo Girolamo Batoni ( 25 January, 1708 - 4 February, 1787) was an Italian painter whose style incorporated elements of the French A modern equivalent of the Grand Tour is the phenomenon of the backpacker, although cultural holidays, such as those offered by Swan Hellenic, are also important. Swan Hellenic is a British Cruise line specialising in tours of historical or cultural interest aimed at the upper end of the cruise market

Health tourism

Health tourism has long existed, but it was not until the eighteenth century that it became important. In England, it was associated with spas, places with supposedly health-giving mineral waters, treating diseases from gout to liver disorders and bronchitis. See also Mineral spa A spa town, or simply spa, is a town frequented mainly for health reasons to "take the waters" In many places mineral water is often colloquially used to mean Carbonated water (which is usually carbonated mineral water as opposed to tap water Gout (also called metabolic arthritis) is a disease created by a buildup of Uric acid. The liver is a vital organ in the human body and is present in Vertebrates and some other animals Bronchitis is an Inflammation of the Bronchi. More specifically it may refer to Acute bronchitis, caused by viruses or bacteria and lasting The most popular resorts were Bath, Cheltenham, Buxton, Harrogate, and Tunbridge Wells. Bath is a city in Somerset in the south west of England It is situated west of London and south-east of Bristol. Education Buxton is a Spa town in Derbyshire, England. Located close to the county boundary with Cheshire to the west and Staffordshire to the south Harrogate (or Harrogate Spa) is a large wealthy Spa town in North Yorkshire, England. Visits to take 'the waters' also allowed the visitors to attend balls and other entertainments. A ball is a formal Dance. The word 'ball' is derived from the Latin word "ballare" meaning 'to dance' the term also derived into "bailar" which is the Continental Spas such as Carlsbad (Karlovy Vary) attracted many fashionable travellers by the nineteenth century. Karlovy Vary ( pronounced, Karlsbad also known in English as Carlsbad) is a spa city situated in western Bohemia, Czech Republic

Creative tourism

Creative tourism has existed as a form of cultural tourism since the early beginnings of tourism itself. ' Cultural tourism' (or culture tourism) is the subset of Tourism concerned with a country or region's Culture, especially its Arts. Its European roots date back to the time of the Grand Tour, which saw the sons of aristocratic families traveling for the purpose of (mostly interactive) educational experiences. The Grand Tour was the traditional travel of Europe undertaken by mainly upper-class European young men of means More recently, creative tourism has been given its own name by Crispin Raymond and Greg Richards, who as a member of the Association for Tourism and Leisure Education (ATLAS) has directed a number of projects for the European Commission, including cultural tourism, crafts tourism or sustainable tourism. The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive branch of the European Union. Sustainable tourism is a form of Tourism that follows the principles of Sustainability. They have defined "creative tourism" as tourism related to the active participation of travelers in the culture of the host community, through interactive workshops and informal learning experiences. Culture (from the Latin cultura stemming from colere, meaning "to cultivate" generally refers to patterns of human activity and the symbolic

Meanwhile, the concept of creative tourism has been picked up by high-profile organizations such as UNESCO, who through the Creative Cities Network have endorsed creative tourism as an engaged, authentic experience that promotes an active understanding of the specific cultural features of a place. United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established on November 16 The Creative Cities Network is a project under the patronage of UNESCO. In Geography, location is a position or point in Physical space that something occupies on Earths' surface

Leisure travel

Leisure travel was associated with the industrialisation of United Kingdom – the first European country to promote leisure time to the increasing industrial population. The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Initially, this applied to the owners of the machinery of production, the economic oligarchy, the factory owners, and the traders. These comprised the new middle class. The middle class, in colloquial usage consists of those who have some economic independence but not a great deal of social Influence or power. Cox & Kings were the first official travel company to be formed in 1758. Cox & Kings is the longest established travel company in the world its history stretching back to 1758 when Richard Cox was appointed as regimental agent to the Foot Later, the working class could take advantage of leisure time. Working class is a term used in academic Sociology and in ordinary conversation to describe depending on context and speaker those employed in specific fields or types

The British origin of this new industry is reflected in many place names. At Nice, France, one of the first and best-established holiday resorts on the French Riviera, the long esplanade along the seafront is known to this day as the Promenade des Anglais; in many other historic resorts in continental Europe, old well-established palace hotels have names like the Hotel Bristol, the Hotel Carlton or the Hotel Majestic - reflecting the dominance of English customers. Nice (nis Niçard Occitan: Niça norm or Nissa, Italian: Nizza or Nizza Marittima, Greek The French Riviera (Côte d'Azur Occitan: Còsta Azzura) is one of the most famous resort areas in the world extending along the Mediterranean Sea west Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the Continent, is the Continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland

Many tourists do leisure tourism in the tropics both in the summer and winter. It is often done in places such as Cuba, The Dominican Republic, Thailand, North Queensland in Australia and Florida in the United States. The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la The Dominican Republic ( Spanish: República Dominicana;) is a nation located in the Caribbean region and shares the island of Hispaniola with The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj North Queensland is the northern part of the state of Queensland in Australia. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

Winter tourism

Winter sports were largely invented by the British leisured classes, initially at the Swiss village of Zermatt (Valais), and St Moritz in 1864. A winter sport is a Sport commonly played during Winter. As a formal term it refers to a sport played on Snow or Ice, but informally can refer Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Zermatt (Praborgne is a municipality in the district of Visp in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. The Valais ( German:) is one of the 26 Cantons of Switzerland in the southwestern part of the country, around the valley of the Rhône from its St Moritz ( German: Sankt Moritz, Romansh: San Murezzan) is an exclusive resort town in the Engadine valley in Switzerland The first packaged winter sports holidays took place in 1902 at Adelboden, Switzerland. Sir Henry Simpson Lunn ( 30 July 1859 – 18 March 1939) English humanitarian and religious leader Adelboden is a municipality in the district of Frutigen in the Bernese Oberland in Switzerland. Winter sports were a natural answer for a leisured class looking for amusement during the coldest season.

The Fun Ski & Snow Festival, which has been organized annually by Korea tourism organization since 1998 and participated by about 10,000 tourists from Asia, is one of the most successful winter tourism products in Asia. The Korea Tourism Organization ( KTO) is a statutory organization of the Republic of Korea (South Korea under the Ministry The festival provides a variety of events such as ski and sled competitions, ski and snow board lessons, performances and recreational activities. Majority of the event participants are foreign visitors who come from countries with a warm climate that have no snow. The event offers them opportunities to enjoy winter and winter sports in South Korea. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː In addition, southern South American countries making up the Patagonia region in Chile and Argentina attract thousands of tourists every year. Llao LLaojpg|thumb|250px| Lake Nahuel Huapi, near Bariloche, Argentina Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. Skiing is extremely popular in the mountainous areas.

Mass tourism

Mass travel could only develop with improvements in technology allowed the transport of large numbers of people in a short space of time to places of leisure interest, and greater numbers of people began to enjoy the benefits of leisure time. Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another

In the United States, the first great seaside resort, in the European style, was Atlantic City, New Jersey, and Long Island. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

In Continental Europe, early resorts included Ostend (for the people of Brussels), and Boulogne-sur-Mer (Pas-de-Calais) and Deauville (Calvados) (for Parisians). ||-||-||} Ostend  (  Oostende, French and German Ostende) is a Belgian City and municipality located in the Flemish Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is Boulogne-sur-Mer ( Bonen in Dutch is a City in Northern France. Pas-de-Calais is a department in northern France. Its name is the French language equivalent of the Strait of Dover, which it borders For the motorcycle of the same name see Honda Deauville. Deauville is a commune in the Calvados département The French department of Calvados forms part of the region of Basse-Normandie in Normandy. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city

In Britain

The pioneer of modern mass tourism was Thomas Cook who, on 5 July 1841, organized the first package tour in history. Thomas Cook ( 22 November 1808 &ndash 18 July 1892) of Melbourne Derbyshire, founded the travel agency that is now Thomas Cook Events 1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England. For the game see 1841 (board game. Year 1841 ( MDCCCXLI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link A package holiday or package tour consists of Transport and accommodation advertised and sold together by a vendor known as a Tour operator. He arranged for the rail company to charge one shilling per person for a group of 570 temperance campaigners from Leicester to a rally in Loughborough, eleven miles (18 km) away. The Midland Counties Railway (MCR was a railway company in the United Kingdom which existed between 1832 and 1844 connecting Nottingham, Leicester The shilling is a unit of Currency used in current and former Commonwealth countries and was continued to be used in countries that left the commonwealth Temperance ( Sophrosyne in Greek) is the practice of Moderation. Leicester (ˈlɛstə is the largest city and Unitary authority area in the East Midlands of England, and is the traditional Loughborough (pronounced locally as either /lɘfbɘɹɘ/ "LUFF-burra" /lɘf Cook was paid a share of the fares actually charged to the passengers, as the railway tickets, being legal contracts between company and passenger, could not have been issued at his own price. There had been railway excursions before, but this one included entrance to an entertainment held in private grounds, rail tickets and food for the train journey. Cook immediately saw the potential of a convenient 'off the peg' holiday product in which everything was included in one cost. He organised packages inclusive of accommodation for the Great Exhibition, and afterwards pioneered package holidays in both Britain (particularly in Scotland) and on the European continent (where Paris and the Alps were the most popular destinations). The Great Exhibition, also known as Crystal Palace, was an international exhibition that was held in Hyde Park, London, England, from 1 A package holiday or package tour consists of Transport and accommodation advertised and sold together by a vendor known as a Tour operator.

He was soon followed by others (the Polytechnic Touring Association, Dean and Dawson etc. Lunn Poly was the largest chain of Travel agents in the United Kingdom. ), with the result that the tourist industry developed rapidly in late Victorian Britain. Culture The Victorian fascination with novelty resulted in a deep interest in the relationship between modernity and cultural continuities Initially it was supported by the growing middle classes, who had time off from their work, and who could afford the luxury of travel and possibly even staying for periods of time in boarding houses. A boarding house, also known as a "rooming house" (mainly in the United States) or a "lodging house" is a House (often a family home
The Bank Holidays Act 1871 introduced a statutory right for workers to take holidays, even if they were not paid at the time. The Bank Holidays Act 1871 established the first Bank Holidays in the United Kingdom. By the last quarter of the nineteenth century, the tradition of the working class holiday had become firmly established in Britain. These were largely focused upon the seaside resorts.

The spread of the railway network in the 19th century resulted in the growth of Britain's seaside towns by bringing them within easy distance of Britain's urban centres. "Railroad" and "Railway" both redirect here For other uses see Railroad (disambiguation. A seaside resort is a Resort located on the Coast. Where a Beach is the primary focus for Tourists it may be called a beach resort Blackpool was created by the construction of a line to Fleetwood, and some resorts were promoted by the railway companies themselves - Morecambe by the Midland Railway and Cleethorpes by the Great Central Railway. Blackpool (/ˈblækˌpul is a seaside town in Lancashire, England. Fleetwood is a town within the Wyre district of Lancashire, England, lying at the northwest corner of The Fylde. Morecambe is a resort town within the City of Lancaster district of Lancashire, England. The Midland Railway (MR was a Railway company in the United Kingdom, which existed from 1844 to 1922 when it became part of the London Midland and Scottish Cleethorpes is a town and Unparished area in North East Lincolnshire, England, situated on the Estuary of the River Humber. The Great Central Railway ( GCR) was a railway company in England which came into being when the Manchester Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway changed Other resorts included Scarborough in Yorkshire, servicing Leeds and Bradford; Weston-super-Mare in Somerset, catering for the inhabitants of Bristol; and Skegness, patronised by the residents of the industrial East Midlands. Scarborough is a town on the North Sea coast of North Yorkshire, England. Yorkshire is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in Great Britain. Weston-super-Mare is a Seaside resort town and Civil parish in North Somerset, England. Somerset ( or) is a county in south west England The County town is Taunton, which is in the south of the county Skegness is a seaside town and Civil parish within the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The cockneys of London flocked to Southend-on-Sea, mainly by Thames Steamer, and the South Coast resorts such as Broadstairs, Brighton, and Eastbourne were only a train ride away, with others further afield such as Bournemouth, Bognor Regis and Weymouth. The term Cockney has both geographical and linguistic associations London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The Thames ( is a major River flowing through southern England. A paddle steamer is a ship or boat driven by a Steam engine that uses one or more Paddle wheels to develop thrust for propulsion. Brighton ( is a town on the south coast of England and with its neighbour Hove, forms the city of Brighton and Hove. Eastbourne ( is a large town and borough of East Sussex, on the south coast of England with an estimated population of 94816 as of 2007 Bournemouth ( is a large coastal resort town in the Borough of Bournemouth in Dorset, England. Bognor Regis is a Seaside resort town and Civil parish in the Arun District of West Sussex, England. Weymouth (ˈweɪməθ is a town in Dorset, England situated on a sheltered bay at the mouth of the River Wey on the English Channel coast

For a century, domestic tourism was the norm, with foreign travel being reserved for the rich or the culturally curious. A number of inland destinations, such as the English Lake District, and Snowdonia appealed to those who liked the countryside and fine scenery. The Lake District, also known as The Lakes or Lakeland, is a rural area in North West England. Snowdonia (Eryri is a region of North Wales and a National park of in area The holiday camp began to appear in the 1930s, but this phenomenon really expanded in the post-war period. Holiday Camp is a 1947 British film directed by Ken Annakin, starring Jack Warner, Jimmy Hanley, Kathleen Harrison and Dennis Butlins and Pontins set this trend, but their popularity waned with the rise of overseas package tours and the increasing comforts to which visitors became accustomed at home. Butlin's Holiday Camps, presently known by the (non-possessive trademark Butlins, were founded by (later Sir Billy Butlin to provide economical holidays ( North Pontins is a British holiday company founded in 1946 by Fred Pontin. Towards the end of the 20th century this market has been revived by the upmarket inland resorts of Dutch company Center Parcs. Center Parcs is a European network of Holiday villages incorporating a UK based company which runs holiday villages in Britain and a sister enterprise that operates in numerous

Cox & Co, the forebear of Cox & Kings, were in existence from 1758 and largely entwined with the travel arrangements for the British Army serving around the Empire. Cox & Kings is the longest established travel company in the world its history stretching back to 1758 when Richard Cox was appointed as regimental agent to the Foot While acting as 'agents' for various regiments, they organised the payment, provision, clothing and travel arrangements for members of the armed forces. In the 19th century their network of offices contained a banking and also travel department. The company became heavily involved with affairs in India and its Shipping Agency had offices in France and the Middle East.

Other phenomena that helped develop the travel industry were paid holidays:

• 1. 5 million manual workers in Britain had paid holidays by 1925
• 11 million by 1939 (30% of the population in families with paid holidays)

NGOs and government agencies may sometimes promote a specific region as a tourist destination, and support the development of a tourism industry in that area. The contemporary phenomenon of mass tourism may sometimes result in overdevelopment; alternative forms of tourism such as ecotourism seek to avoid such outcomes by pursuing tourism in a sustainable way. Overdevelopment refers to a process by which Natural resources are impacted by Urbanization and/or road construction at a rate significantly harmful to the Ecosystem Ecotourism, also known as ecological tourism, is a form of Tourism that appeals to ecologically and socially conscious individuals Sustainability, in a general sense is the capacity to maintain a certain process or state indefinitely

International

Increasing speed on railways meant that the tourist industry could develop internationally. Una is a river flowing through Croatia and the western part of Bosnia and Herzegovina; in its middle and lower course it is a border between the two countries Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Latin script: Bosna i Hercegovina, Cyrillic script: Босна и Херцеговина is a country on the Balkan To this may be added the development of sea travel. By 1901, the number of people crossing the English Channel from England to France or Belgium had passed 0. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those 5 million per year. Shipping companies were anxious to fill cabin space that was under-utilized.

For example, P&O found that the majority of their passengers for India and the Far East joined the ship at Marseilles. The P&O Cruises brand is not owned by the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company Consequently, they marketed holidays based upon sea trips from London to Lisbon and Gibraltar. Other companies diverted their older ships to operate cruises in the summer months. A cruise ship or cruise liner is a Passenger ship used for pleasure voyages where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are part of the experience

However, the real age of international mass travel began with the growth of air travel after World War II. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including In the immediate post-war period, there was a surplus of transport aircraft, such as the popular and reliable Douglas Dakota, and a number of ex military pilots ready to fly them. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout They were available for charter flights, and tour operators began to use them for European destinations, such as Paris and Ostend. A charter airline, also sometimes referred to as an Air taxi, operates Aircraft on a charter basis that is flights that take place outside normal schedules by a

Vladimir Raitz pioneered modern package tourism when on 20 May 1950 his recently founded company, Horizon, provided arrangements for a two-week holiday in Corsica. Vladimir Gavrilovich Raitz (born May 23 1922) is the co-founder of the Horizon Holiday Group, who pioneered the first mass package holidays abroad Events 325 - The First Council of Nicaea &ndash the first Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church is held Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Calvi is a commune in the Haute-Corse department of France on the island of Corsica. For an all inclusive price of £32. 10s. -, holiday makers could sleep under canvas, sample local wines and eat a meal containing meat twice a day - this was especially attractive due to the continuing austerity measures in post-war United Kingdom. Rationing in the United Kingdom is the series of Food rationing policies put in place by the government of the United Kingdom during certain wartime periods of Within ten years, his company had started mass tourism to Palma (1952), Lourdes (1953), Costa Brava (1954), Sardinia (1954), Minorca (1955), Porto (1956), Costa Blanca (1957) and Costa del Sol (1959). Palma is the major City and port on the island of Majorca and capital city of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands in Spain Lourdes ( Occitan: Lorda) is a town and commune situated in the southwest of the Hautes-Pyrénées department, lying in the first Pyrenean The Costa Brava is a coastal region of northeastern Catalonia, Spain, in the comarques of Alt Empordà, Baix Empordà and Alghero ( l'Alguer in Catalan and S'Alighèra in Sardinian) is a town of about 42000 inhabitants (down from 54300 inhabitants since early Minorca ( Catalan and Spanish: Menorca; from Latin Balearis Minor, later Minorica "minor island" is one of the Costa Blanca ( English: White Coast) refers to the over 200  Kilometres of coastline belonging to the Province of Alicante in Spain The Costa del Sol ("Sun Coast" or more literally "Coast of the Sun" is a region in the south of Spain in the autonomous community of Andalusia

These developments coincided with a significant increase in the standard of living in Britain. Further, the contribution of affordable air travel in combination with the package tour enabled international mass tourism to develop. An airliner is a large Fixed-wing aircraft with the primary function of transporting paying passengers The postwar introduction of an international system of airline regulation was another important factor. The bilateral agreements at the heart of the system fixed seat prices, and airlines could not fill blocks of empty seats on underused flights by discounting.

Spain and the Balearic Islands became major tourist destinations, and development probably peaked in the 1980s. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The Balearic Islands ( Catalan and official Illes Balears; Spanish: Islas Baleares) are an Archipelago in the western Mediterranean At the same time, British tour operators developed the Algarve in Portugal. The Algarve ( pron aɫ'gaɾv(ɨ is the southernmost region of mainland Portugal. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. The continuing search for new, cheaper, destinations spread mass tourism to the Greek Islands, Italy, Tunisia, Morocco, Turkey, and more recently Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina . The Greek Islands are a collection of over 6000 Islands and Islets that belong to Greece. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Tunisia (تونس Tūnis officially the Tunisian Republic ( is a country located in North Africa. Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Latin script: Bosna i Hercegovina, Cyrillic script: Босна и Херцеговина is a country on the Balkan

For someone living in greater London, Venice today is almost as accessible as Brighton was 100 years ago. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Venice ( Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venesia or Venexia) is a city in Northern Italy, the capital of the Brighton ( is a town on the south coast of England and with its neighbour Hove, forms the city of Brighton and Hove. Consequently, the British seaside resort experienced a marked decline from the 1970s onwards. Some, such as New Brighton, Merseyside have disappeared. New Brighton is a Seaside resort located in the town of Wallasey, on the north east tip of the Wirral Peninsula, in Merseyside Others have reinvented themselves, and now cater to daytrippers, the weekend break market or business conferences.

Recent developments

There has been an upmarket trend in the tourism over the last few decades, especially in Europe where international travel for short breaks is common. Tourists have higher levels of disposable income and greater leisure time and they are also better-educated and have more sophisticated tastes. There is now a demand for a better quality products, which has resulted in a fragmenting of the mass market for beach vacations; people want more specialised versions, such as Club 18-30, quieter resorts, family-oriented holidays, or niche market-targeted destination hotels. Club 18-30 is a holiday company owned by Thomas Cook that offers cut-price holidays for young men and women who are out for what they claim to be "a good time" A destination hotel is a place of Lodging whose inherent location and amenities attract visitors regardless of the route needed to arrive or the areawide features of interest As well, people are likely to take more than one short break holiday each year.

The developments in technology and transport infrastructure, such as Jumbo jets and low-cost airlines, have made many types of tourism more affordable. There have also been changes in lifestyle, such as retiree-age people who sustain year round tourism. This is facilitated by internet purchasing of tourism products. Some sites have now started to offer dynamic packaging, in which an inclusive price is quoted for a tailor- made package requested by the customer upon impulse. Dynamic Packaging is a method that is becoming increasingly used in Package holiday bookings that enables consumers to build their own package of flights Accommodation

There have been a few setbacks in tourism, such as the September 11, 2001 attacks and terrorist threats to tourist destinations such as Bali and European cities. Some of the tourist destinations, including the beach resorts of Cancún have lost popularity due to shifting tastes. In this context, the excessive building and environmental destruction often associated with traditional "sun and beach" tourism may contribute to a destination's saturation and subsequent decline. Spain's Costa Brava, a popular 1960s and 1970s beach location is now facing a crisis in its tourist industry. On December 26, 2004 a tsunami, caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake hit Asian countries bordering the Indian Ocean, and also the Maldives. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was an undersea Earthquake that occurred at 005853 UTC on December 26 2004 with an Epicentre off the west coast of Tens of thousands of lives were lost, and many tourists died. This, together with the vast clean-up operation in place, has stopped or severely hampered tourism to the area.

The terms tourism and travel are sometimes used interchangeably. In this context travel has a similar definition to tourism, but implies a more purposeful journey. The terms tourism and tourist are sometimes used pejoratively, to imply a shallow interest in the cultures or locations visited by tourists.

Eco-tourism

Sustainable tourism is becoming more popular as people start to realize the devastating effects poorly planned tourism can have on communities. Receptive tourism is now growing at a very rapid rate in many developing countries, where it is often the most important economic activity in local GDP.

Grey nomads

Retirees who travel for much of the year, generally in their own continent an by vehicle, are often called "grey nomads". They often drive Recreational vehicles

Medical tourism

When there is a significant price difference between countries for a given medical procedure, or where there are different regulatory regimes between countries in relation to particular medical procedures (eg abortion) traveling to take advantage of the price or regulatory differences is often referred to as "medical tourism". In North American English the term recreational vehicle, and its acronym RV, are generally used to refer to an enclosed piece of equipment dually used as both An

Creative tourism

More recently, creative tourism has gained popularity as a form of cultural tourism, drawing on active participation by travelers in the culture of the host communities they visit. Several countries offer examples of this type of tourism development, including the United Kingdom, Spain, Italy and New Zealand.

Adventure tourism

Also tourists are looking for an adventure when they travel, see the destination more like a local would experience it. [Private tour guides] are an excellent way to get fast insight into a country and also help locals earn an income.

In recent years, second holidays or vacations have become more popular as people's discretionary income increases. Typical combinations are a package to the typical mass tourist resort, with a winter skiing holiday or weekend break to a city or national park.

Dark tourism

One emerging area of special interest tourism has been identified by Lennon and Foley (2000) as "dark" tourism. This type of tourism involves visits to "dark" sites such as battlegrounds, scenes of horrific crimes or acts of genocide, for example concentration camps. Genocide is the deliberate and systematic destruction in whole or in part of an ethnic racial religious or national group Internment is the imprisonment or confinement of people commonly in large groups without trial Dark tourism poses severe ethical and moral dilemmas: should these sites be available for visitation and, if so, what should the nature of the publicity involved be. Dark tourism remains a small niche market driven by varied motivations, such as mourning, remembrance, macabre curiosity or even entertainment. Its early origins are rooted in fairgrounds and medieval fairs. ^[10]

Growth

The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) forecasts that international tourism will continue growing at the average annual rate of 4 %. The United Nations World Tourism Organization ( UNWTO) headquartered in Madrid, Spain, is a United Nations agency dealing with questions relating ^[11] By 2020 Europe will remain the most popular destination, but its share will drop from 60% in 1995 to 46%. Long-haul will grow slightly faster than intraregional travel and by 2020 its share will increase from 18% in 1995 to 24%.

With the advent of e-commerce, tourism products have become one of the most traded items on the internet. Tourism products and services have been made available through intermediaries, although tourism providers (hotels, airlines, etc. ) can sell their services directly. This has put pressure on intermediaries from both on-line and traditional shops.

It has been suggested there is a strong correlation between Tourism expenditure per capita and the degree to which countries play in the global context. ^[12] Not only as a result of the important economic contribution of the tourism industry, but also as an indicator of the degree of confidence with which global citizens leverage the resources of the globe for the benefit of their local economies. This is why any projections of growth in tourism may serve as an indication of the relative influence that each country will exercise in the future.

Space tourism is expected to "take off" in the first quarter of the 21st century, although compared with traditional destinations the number of tourists in orbit will remain low until technologies such as a space elevator make space travel cheap. Space tourism is the recent Phenomenon of tourists paying for flights into space pioneered by Russia A space elevator is a proposed structure designed to transport Material from a celestial body 's Surface into space.

Technological improvement is likely to make possible air-ship hotels, based either on solar-powered airplanes or large dirigibles. Solar energy is the Light and radiant heat from the Sun that powers Earth 's Climate and Weather and sustains Life Terminology In some countries airships are also known as dirigibles from the French (fr ''diriger'' to direct plus -ible) meaning "directable" Underwater hotels, such as Hydropolis, expected to open in Dubai in 2009, will be built. The Hydropolis Underwater Hotel and Resort is a planned hotel which will be the world's first underwater luxury resort Dubai (in دبيّ,) is one of the seven emirates and most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE On the ocean tourists will be welcomed by ever larger cruise ships and perhaps floating cities.

Some futurists expect that movable hotel "pods" will be created that could be temporarily erected anywhere on the planet, where building a permanent resort would be unacceptable politically, economically or environmentally.

Negative impacts

Attracting a high volume of tourists can have negative impacts, such as the impact of 33 million tourists a year on the city of New York,^[13] or the potential to impact fragile environments,^[14] or the impact of the December 26, 2004 tsunami on the tourists themselves. ^[15] The environment can be affected negatively by cruise ship pollution in many ways, including ballast water discharge, and by pollution from aircraft. See also Natural environment The '''biophysical''' environment is the symbiosis between the physical environment and the Biological Cruise ships generate Sewage, Greywater, Hazardous wastes oily Bilge water ballast water solid waste and air pollutants Cruise ships large tankers and bulk cargo carriers use a tremendous amount of ballast water, which is often taken on in the coastal waters in one region Aviation impacts the environment because Aircraft engines emit noise, particulates gases contribute to Climate change and Global dimming

See also

• Backpacking (travel)
• Eco-tourism
• Hospitality industry
• Hospitality management studies
• Hospitality Services
• Hotel
• Hotel management
• Jungle Tourism
• List of vacation resorts
• List of types of lodging
• Package holiday
• Passport
• Pilgrimage
• Resort town
• Sustainable tourism
• Tour guide
• Tourism by country
• Tourism geography
• Tourism in literature
• Tourism technology
• Tourist trap
• Transport
• Travel agency
• Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report
• World Tourism Organization
• World-Point Academy of Tourism
• Accessible Tourism
• Township tourism
• Rural tourism

References

External links

• Tourism: OECD Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs and Local Development A valuable resource for statistics and information on international trends in tourism and tourism policies.
• Rural Tourism Resources USDA, National Agricultural Library, Rural Information Center.
• Promoting Tourism in Rural America. USDA, National Agricultural Library, Rural Information Center. 2004.
• Rural Tourism. USDA, Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service.
• Travel and Tourism: An Overlooked Industry in the U.S. and Tenth DistrictPDF (595 KiB). A kibibyte (a contraction of ki lo bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, established by the International By Chad Wilkerson. Economic Review, Third Quarter 2003. Federal Reserve Board in Kansas.
• Economic Research: Economic Impact of Travel and Tourism. Travel Industry Association of America. 2004.

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