In medicine, a topical medication is applied to body surfaces such as the skin or mucous membranes, for example the vagina, throat, penis, eyes and ears. Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the Medication, also referred to as medicine, can be loosely defined as any substance intended for use in the diagnosis cure mitigation treatment or prevention of disease In Physiology and Medicine, the body surface area (BSA is the measured or calculated surface of a Human body. The skin is the outer covering of living tissue of an animal (or plant The mucous membranes (or mucosae; singular mucosa) are linings of mostly endodermal origin covered in Epithelium, which are involved in The vagina (from Latin, literally " Sheath " or " Scabbard " is a fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the Uterus The pharynx (plural pharynges) is the part of the Neck and Throat situated immediately Posterior to (behind the Mouth and Nasal The penis (plural penises, penes Eyes are organs that detect Light, and send signals along the Optic nerve to the visual areas of the brain The ear is the sense organ that detects Sounds The Vertebrate ear shows a common biology from Fish to Humans with variations

Some hydrophobic chemicals such as steroid hormones can be absorbed into the body after being applied to the skin in the form of a cream, gel or lotion. In Chemistry, hydrophobicity (from the combining form of water in Attic Greek hydro- and for fear phobos) refers to the physical property of A chemical substance is a Material with a definite chemical composition. Steroid hormones are Steroids which act as Hormones Mammalian steroid hormones can be grouped into five groups by the receptors to which they bind Absorption is a route by which substances can exit the body through the Skin. A cream is a topical preparation usually for application to the Skin. A gel (from the lat gelu &mdashfreezing cold ice or gelatus &mdashfrozen immobile is an apparently solid jelly-like material formed from a A lotion is a low- to medium- Viscosity, topical preparation intended for application to unbroken Skin; creams and gels have a higher viscosity Transdermal patches have become a popular means of administering some drugs for birth control, hormone replacement therapy, and prevention of motion sickness. A transdermal patch or skin patch is a Medicated Adhesive patch that is placed on the Skin to deliver a specific Dose of medication A drug, broadly speaking is any chemical substance that when absorbed into the body Birth control, sometimes synonymous with contraception, is a regimen of one or more actions devices or Medications followed in order to deliberately prevent Hormone replacement therapy may refer to Hormone replacement therapy (menopause Hormone replacement therapy (female-to-male Motion sickness or kinetosis is a condition in which a disagreement exists between visually perceived movement and the Vestibular system 's sense of movement

In dentistry, a topical medication may also mean one that is applied to the surface of teeth. Dentistry' is the "evaluation diagnosis prevention and/or treatment (nonsurgical surgical or related procedures of diseases disorders and/or conditions of the oral cavity

Chloramphenicol is an example of an antibiotic that may be used topically. Chloramphenicol is a Bacteriostatic Antimicrobial originally derived from the Bacterium Streptomyces venezuelae, isolated by In modern usage an antibiotic is a Chemotherapeutic agent with activity against Microorganisms such as Bacteria, fungi or Protozoa

References

• Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics
• Dr. Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics is an American Textbook of Pharmacology. David Edwards - Dentistry Microbiology Lecture series

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