The Tobacco Lords (or “Virginia Dons”) were Glasgow merchants who, in the 18th Century made enormous fortunes by trading in tobacco from Great Britain's American Colonies. Glasgow (ˈglæzgoʊ is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom The Kingdom of Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was a State in northwest Europe, in existence from 1707 to 1800 The Thirteen Colonies were part of what became known as British America, a name that was used by Great Britain until the Treaty of Paris (1783 recognized the
In 1707, the Treaty of Union between Scotland and England gave Scottish merchants access to the English overseas territories, especially in North America. Year 1707 ( MDCCVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Treaty of Union is the name given to the agreement that led to the creation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, the Political union of England (including Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. Glasgow’s position on the River Clyde, where the Trade Winds first hit Europe gave its merchants a two to three week advantage over other ports in Britain and Europe. Glasgow (ˈglæzgoʊ is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom The River Clyde ( Gaelic: Abhainn Chluaidh, avɪɲˈxɫ̪uəj is a major River in Scotland. The trade winds (also called trades) are the prevailing pattern of easterly winds found in the Tropics near the Earth's Equator. This position was enhanced by the French monarchy granting it a monopoly for the importation of tobacco into French territories, (1747) and, later, by the deepening of the Clyde in 1768. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. In Economics, a monopoly (from Greek monos, alone or single + polein, to sell exists when a specific individual or enterprise has sufficient Tobacco is an Agricultural product recognized as an addictive drug processed from the fresh Leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. Year 1747 ( MDCCXLVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1768 ( MDCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Moreover, Glasgow ships were American built specifically for the Atlantic crossing and were generally bigger than those of other ports. However, the main advantage of the Glasgow merchants seems to have been their extensive and personally supervised networks across Britain, Europe and the Americas.
The tobacco trade was part of the trade linking exports of consumer and manufactured goods from Britain and Europe to the North American and Caribbean colonies, who supplied tropical goods, including tobacco, sugar and rum in return. The Caribbean (ˌkærəˡbiən kæ'rəbiən Cariben|Caraïben or Caraïben; Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles; Caribe is a Region consisting The Tropics are centered on the Equator and limited in Latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere at approximately 23°26' (23 Tobacco is an Agricultural product recognized as an addictive drug processed from the fresh Leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. Sugar is a class of edible Crystalline substances mainly Sucrose, Lactose, and Fructose. Rum is a Distilled beverage made from Sugarcane by-products such as Molasses and sugarcane Juice by a process of fermentation Later, a third leg on the transatlantic trade was added by English merchant carrying slaves from West Africa - thus establishing the so-called Triangular trade. Slavery is a social-economic system under which certain persons — known as slaves — are deprived of personal freedom and compelled to perform labour or services West Africa or Western Africa is the Westernmost Region of the African Continent. Triangular trade is a historical term indicating Trade between three ports or regions
Glasgow merchants made such fortunes that they adopted the style of aristocrats in their superior manner and in their lavish homes and churches. Aristocracy is a form of Government, where rule is established through an internal struggle over who has the most status and influence over society and internal relations Their Calvinist background made sure, however, that display was always of rich but sober materials - black silk clothes, (though startlingly set off by scarlet cloaks), black three-cornered hats, silver- (or even gold )-tipped ebony canes, mahogany furniture, and classical architecture for their domestic and public use. Calvinism (sometimes called the Reformed tradition, the Reformed faith, or Reformed theology) is a theological system and an approach to the Silk is a natural Protein Fiber, some forms of which can be woven into Textiles The best-known type of silk is obtained from cocoons Silver (ˈsɪlvɚ is a Chemical element with the symbol " Ag " (argentum from the Ancient Greek: ἀργήντος - argēntos gen Gold (ˈɡoʊld is a Chemical element with the symbol Au (from its Latin name aurum) and Atomic number 79 Ebony ( Diospyros ebenum) also known as India Ebony or Ceylon Ebony depending on its origin is a Tree in the genus Diospyros The name mahogany is used when referring to numerous varieties of dark-colored wood originally the wood of the species Swietenia mahagoni, known as West The term Classical architecture has a specific Archaeological meaning relating to the architecture of Classical Greece Their mansions were laid out on the western boundaries of the 18th century city, where they gave their names to later streets in what is now called the Merchant City section of modern Glasgow. A mansion is a large dwelling House. The word itself derives (through Old French) from the Latin word mansus (the perfect passive participle The Merchant City is a district in the City centre of Glasgow, Scotland. Other streets recall the triangular trade more directly - Virginia Street and Jamaica Street especially. Among the important Tobacco Lords whose mansions gave their names to streets were Andrew Buchanan, James Dunlop, Archibald Ingram, James Wilson, Alexander Oswald and John Glassford. Andrew Buchanan may refer to Andrew Buchanan (US, US politician Andrew Buchanan (UK, 19th-century British diplomat Sir Andrew John Glassford of Dougalston and Whitehill ( 1715 - August 27, 1783) was a Scottish Tobacco Lord, considered by his contempories to be
An idea of the grandeur of the Tobacco Lords’ houses - which often dramatically punctuated the ends of the streets named after them - can be seen in the Gallery of Modern Art whose kernel is the grand mansion built, at a cost of £10,000, for William Cunninghame in 1780. The Gallery of Modern Art (GoMA is the main gallery of Contemporary art in Glasgow, Scotland. Year 1780 ( MDCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a A more modest "Tobacco Merchants House" (by James Craig, 1775) is being restored at 42 Miller Street. James Craig ( 31 October 1739 &ndash 23 June 1795) was a Scottish Architect. Year 1775 ( MDCCLXXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a St Andrew’s Parish Church in St Andrew’s Square, built 1739 - 1756 by Alan Dreghorn was the Tobacco Lord’s ostentatious parish church, in a prestigious area being laid out by such merchants as David Dale. Year 1739 ( MDCCXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1756 ( MDCCLVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a David Dale (1739 &ndash 1806 was a Scottish Merchant and Businessman, famous for establishing the influential Weaving community of New
The American War of Independence (1775 - 1783) may have brought an end to the tobacco trade, but the canny Glasgow merchants merely switched attention to other profitable parts of the triangular trade, particularly cotton in the British West Indies. In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" Year 1775 ( MDCCLXXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1783 ( MDCCLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Cotton is a soft staple Fibre that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant ( Gossypium sp The term British West Indies refers to territories in and around the Caribbean which were at one time colonised by the United Kingdom.
References
- Devine,Tom The Tobacco Lords: A Study of the Tobacco Merchants of Glasgow and their Trading Activities, 1740-1790 (John Donald, 1975)
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