Titus Annius Milo Papianus was a Roman political agitator, the son of Gaius Papius Celsus, but adopted by his maternal grandfather, Titus Annius Luscus. The Roman Republic was the phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a Republican form of government a period which began with the overthrow of the In 52 BC he probably murdered Publius Clodius Pulcher and was later unsuccessfully defended by his friend Marcus Tullius Cicero in the Pro Milone speech. Publius Clodius Pulcher (born around 92 BC died January 18, 52 BC was a Roman Politician of the Populares cause chiefly remembered for his Marcus Tullius Cicero ( Classical Latin ˈkikeroː usually ˈsɪsərəʊ in English January 3, 106 BC &ndash December 7, 43 BC was a Roman The Pro Tito Annio Milone ad iudicem oratio ( Pro Milone) is a speech made by Marcus Tullius Cicero on behalf of his friend Titus Annius Milo.
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Life
Political life
He joined the Pompeian party, and organized bands of armed slaves and gladiators to support the cause by public violence in opposition to Clodius, who gave similar support to the democratic cause. Milo was tribune of the plebs in 57 BC. Tribune (from the Latin: tribunus; Byzantine Greek form τριβούνος) was a title shared by 2–3 elected magistracies in the Plebs were the general body of landowners of Roman Citizens in Ancient Rome. Year 57 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Publius Cornelius Lentulus Spinther He took a prominent part in bringing about the recall of Cicero from exile, in spite of the opposition of Clodius.
On 23 January 57 BC, Clodius tried to use a force of gladiators to block a move to recall Cicero from exile, but Milo arrested Clodius' gladiators. He was subsequently attacked by Clodius' gangs and attempted to prosecute Clodius for violence. He was unsuccessful at doing so, and recruited gangs of his own. Later that year he tried to prosecute Clodius again, but Clodius escaped this by being elected aedile in 56, thus being immune from prosecution.
Milo became praetor in 54 BC, and in that year married Fausta, daughter of the dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla and ex-wife of Gaius Memmius. Praetor was a title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to men acting in one of two official capacities the commander of an Army, either before Year 54 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Appius Claudius Pulcher and Dictator was a Political office of the Roman Republic. The dictator was above the three branches of government in the Constitution of the Roman Republic Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix ( Latin: L•CORNELIVS•L•F•P•N•SVLLA•FELIX (c
The murder of Clodius
In 53 BC, when Milo was candidate for the consulship (against Quintus Metellus Scipio and Publius Plautius Hypsaeus, nominees of Pompey) and Clodius for the praetorship, Milo set out for Lanuvium in order to appoint a priest. Year 53 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Marcus Valerius Messalla and Consul (abbrev cos; Latin plural consules) was the highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Empire Publius Plautius Hupsaeus (Hypsaeus was a politician of the Roman Republic. Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, commonly known as Pompey /'pɑmpi/ Pompey the Great or Pompey the Triumvir ( Classical Latin abbreviation Lanuvium (more frequently Lanivium in Imperial Roman times later Civita Lavinia, modern Lanuvio) is an ancient city of Latium, some Meanwhile Clodius was returning to Rome, after he had heard that Cyrus the architect had died. The two leaders met by accident on the Via Appia at Bovillae and Clodius was murdered (January 18, 52 BC) by one of Milo's slaves, probably on his orders. The Appian Way ( Latin and Italian: Via Appia) was the most important ancient Roman road. Bovillae was an ancient town in Lazio, central Italy, currently part of the Frattocchie Frazione in the municipality of Marino. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Year 52 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius
Trial and death
After the body of Clodius was burnt in the Curia by his followers, Milo returned to Rome, ventured abroad and proceeded with his canvass. A Curia in early Roman times was a subdivision of the people i Marcus Caelius Rufus supported Milo, and both of them claimed that Clodius had set a trap for Milo, who then killed him in self-defence. However, Milo was soon impeached and his enemies took every means of intimidating his supporters and his judges. Cicero was afraid to speak, and the extant Pro Milone is an expanded form of the unspoken defence. Milo was condemned by 38 votes to 13[1] and went into exile at Massilia (today Marseille), and his property was sold by auction. Marseille, ( English alt Marseilles mɑrˈseɪ — French: maʁsɛj locally — Provençal Occitan: Marselha maʀˈsijɔ Marseille, ( English alt Marseilles mɑrˈseɪ — French: maʁsɛj locally — Provençal Occitan: Marselha maʀˈsijɔ In his absence he was convicted on three different accounts: of using bribery in his campaign for consulship under the lex Pompeia de ambitu, of malpractice under the law on illegal association (lex Licinia de sodaliciis) and of Clodius' murder under the ordinary violence law (lex Plautia de vi).
Cassius Dio states that when Cicero had finished writing up his speech, he sent a copy to Milo in exile. Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus ( Greek:) (c 155 or 163/164 to after 229 known in English as Cassius Dio, Dio Cassius, or Dio was Milo wrote back that it was lucky for him that the same speech had not been made in court, because otherwise he would "not now be enjoying the delicious red mullet of Massilia"[2]. He joined Marcus Caelius Rufus in 48 in his rising against Caesar, but he died at Compsa, near Thurii in Lucania, killed by a stone thrown from the city walls. Marcus Caelius Rufus (82 BCE - 48 BCE was a Roman Orator and Politician. Year 48 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Gaius Julius Caesar, Compsa (modern Conza della Campania) is an ancient city of the Hirpini, near the sources of the Aufidus, on the boundary of Lucania and not far Thurii &ndash Greek:, called also by some Latin writers and by Ptolemy, Thurium ( Ptol Lucania was an ancient district of southern Italy, extending from the Tyrrhenian Sea to the Gulf of Taranto.
Milo in popular culture
Titus Annius Milo appears as a reoccurring character in John Maddox Roberts' SPQR series of novels. John Maddox Roberts (born June 25 1947 in Ohio) is an Author who has written many The SPQR series is a collection of detective stories by John Maddox Roberts set in the time of the Roman Republic. These historical mysteries are presented as memoirs of fictional Decius Caecilius Metellus the Younger; Milo is a trusted friend of Metellus. Decius Caecilius Metellus the Younger is the creation of author John Maddox Roberts.
Milo also appears as a character in A Murder on the Appian Way and A Mist of Prophecies, in the Roma Sub Rosa series of historical mystery novels by Steven Saylor. Roma Sub Rosa is a series of Mystery novels by Steven Saylor set in and populated by noteworthy denizens of Ancient Rome. Steven Saylor (born March 23, 1956) is an American Author of Historical novels He is a graduate of the University of Texas at
Milo appears in Conn Iggulden's book The Field of Swords, the third in the series Emperor, as a street gangster who wages a private war with Publius Clodius. Conn Iggulden is a British Author, who mainly writes Historical fiction. The Field of Swords is the third Novel in the Emperor series written by British author Conn Iggulden.
References
- ^ Asconius, Pro Milone, 53C
- ^ Dio, 40. Quintus Asconius Pedianus (c 9 BC - c AD 76) Roman Grammarian and Historian, was probably a native of Patavium ( Padua) Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus ( Greek:) (c 155 or 163/164 to after 229 known in English as Cassius Dio, Dio Cassius, or Dio was 54. 3
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
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