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Tintin and Snowy
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Tintin and Snowy by Hergé
Publication information
Publisher Casterman (Belgium)
First appearance Le Petit Vingtième (Tintin in the Land of the Soviets) (January 10, 1929)
Created by Hergé
In story information
Alter ego Tintin et Milou (original French)
Abilities Tintin: great physical strength, endurance and problem-solving, Snowy: high intelligence for a dog and immense loyalty

Tintin and Snowy (original French language names: Tintin et Milou), a journalist and his canine companion, are a pair of adventurers who travel around the world in The Adventures of Tintin, a series of comic books drawn and written by the Belgian cartoonist Georges Remi, better known as Hergé. Georges Prosper Remi ( May 22, 1907 - March 3, 1983) better known by the Pen name Hergé, was a Belgian Casterman is a publisher of Franco-Belgian comics, specializing in Comic books and Children's literature. In Comic books and other stories with a long history first appearance refers to the first occurrence to feature a Fictional character. Le Petit Vingtième ("The Little Twentieth" was the weekly youth supplement to the Belgian newspaper Le Vingtième Siècle ("The Twentieth Tintin in the Land of the Soviets (originally known as Les Aventures de Tintin reporter du Petit "Vingtième" au pays des Soviets) is the Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Georges Prosper Remi ( May 22, 1907 - March 3, 1983) better known by the Pen name Hergé, was a Belgian French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Physical strength is the ability of a person or animal to exert Force on physical objects using muscles. Endurance (also called sufferance) is the ability for humans to exert themselves through aerobic or Anaerobic exercise for relatively long periods of time Problem solving forms part of thinking. Considered the most complex of all intellectual functions problem solving has been defined as higher-order Cognitive Intelligence (also called intellect) is an Umbrella term used to describe a property of the Mind that encompasses many related abilities such as the capacities The dog ( Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated Subspecies of the gray wolf, a Mammal of the Canidae family of the order This page is about loyalty as faithfulness to a cause For its use in business see Loyalty business model or Loyalty Marketing. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people A journalist (also called a newspaperman) is a person who practices Journalism, the gathering and dissemination of information about current events trends The Adventures of Tintin (Les Aventures de Tintin is a series of Comic strips created by Belgian artist Hergé, the pen name of Georges Remi A comic book (often shortened to simply comic and sometimes called a comic paper or comic magazine) is a Magazine or Book of narrative The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those A cartoonist is a person who specializes in drawing Cartoons Traditionally much of this work was and still is humorous and is intended primarily for entertainment purposes Georges Prosper Remi ( May 22, 1907 - March 3, 1983) better known by the Pen name Hergé, was a Belgian Georges Prosper Remi ( May 22, 1907 - March 3, 1983) better known by the Pen name Hergé, was a Belgian The series is one of the most popular comic book series in Europe and the world, especially in Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands

Contents

Tintin

Background

Tintin debuted in Le Petit Vingtième on January 10, 1929, and his 75th birthday was widely celebrated in 2004. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " [1] Tintin was largely based on an earlier character created by Herge, a chubby boy-scout named Totor. Scouting, also known as the Scout Movement, is a worldwide Youth movement with the stated aim of supporting young people in their physical mental and spiritual Totor Chief Scout of the Cockchafers is the first Comic strip series written by Hergé who later wrote The Adventures of Tintin The comics starring Totor, Les aventures de Totor, chef de patrouille des Hannetons (The Adventures of Totor, Leader of the Cockchafer Patrol), appeared in the magazine Le Boy-Scout Belge between 1926 and 1929. The cockchafer (colloquially called may bug, billy witch, or spang beetle, particularly in East Anglia) is a European Beetle Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

In the later comic book series, Tintin is a young reporter who is drawn to dangerous international intrigues in which his quick thinking, bravery and chronic good luck save the day. A journalist (also called a newspaperman) is a person who practices Journalism, the gathering and dissemination of information about current events trends Almost every adventure features Tintin sent off to investigate an assignment, but rarely does he actually turn in a story without first getting caught up in an adventure. [2] Although the strip was Belgian, Hergé was inconsistent or vague about assigning Tintin a nationality, depicting him instead as broadly European. In some of early editions of the earliest books, like Tintin in the Congo or The Black Island, a Belgian identity is fairly explicit. Tintin in the Congo ( Tintin au Congo) is the second of The Adventures of Tintin, a series of classic comic-strip albums written and illustrated The Black Island ( French: L'Île Noire) is the seventh of The Adventures of Tintin, a series of classic comic-strip In later adventures, as with other aspects of his character's history and family, Tintin's nationality is not directly stated, although some of the street scenes in The Red Sea Sharks have been identified as happening in Brussels. The Red Sea Sharks is the nineteenth of The Adventures of Tintin, a series of classic comic-strip albums written and illustrated by Hergé Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is

Tintin's age is never accurately revealed, with the character described as an 'adolescent' in the character description within the special DVD features, and referred to as 'kid' several times within the television shows. In the cartoon series based on the books, a frame in the episode The Secret of the Unicorn showing Tintin's passport states his birth year as 1929 (the year of his print debut[1]). Various newspaper articles on the series have recounted his age as being 15,[2] Time refers to him as a teenager,[3] whilst the official site Tintin. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and com lists his age as somewhere between 16 and 18. The comics however treat him more as a worldly young adult, as shown by the absence of concerns like parents or school, as well as by his wide solo travels all over the globe. He's certainly old enough to enter a pub and drink a beer in The Black Island. The Black Island ( French: L'Île Noire) is the seventh of The Adventures of Tintin, a series of classic comic-strip

Tintin's age is static, even though he's been through the Japanese invasion of China (The Blue Lotus, 1931) and has flown in a Boeing 707 (Flight 714, 1968). The Second Sino-Japanese War ( July 7, 1937 to September 9, 1945) was a major war fought between the Republic of China and the The Blue Lotus ( Le Lotus bleu) first published in 1936, is one of The Adventures of Tintin, a series of classic comic-strip WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Flight 714 to Sydney, published for a time under the title Flight 714, first published in 1968, is the twenty-second of The Adventures

Character

Readers and critics have described Tintin as a well-rounded, yet open-ended character, noting that his rather neutral personality -- sometimes labeled as bland -- permits a balanced reflection of the evil, folly and foolhardiness which surrounds him. His boy-scout ideals, which represent Hergé's own, are never compromised by the character, and his status allows the reader to assume his position within the story, rather than merely following the adventures of a strong protagonist. [4] Tintin's iconic representation enhances this aspect, with Scott McCloud noting that it "allows readers to mask themselves in a character and safely enter a sensually stimulating world". Scott McCloud (born Scott McLeod on June 10 1960 is an American Cartoonist and theorist on comics as a distinct literary and artistic medium [5] Tintin is remarkable in that he is apparently devoid of sexual or romantic feeling, a feature he shares to a certain degree with most of the other characters in the books.

Tintin is an extremely intelligent and imaginative character with good powers of deduction. Intelligence (also called intellect) is an Umbrella term used to describe a property of the Mind that encompasses many related abilities such as the capacities He also seems to know multiple foreign languages and reads extensively on a variety of subjects. He is also skilled at driving automobiles, motorcycles, tanks, riding horses and flying planes or helicopters. MotorCycle is the title of a 1993 album by Rock band Daniel Amos, released on BAI Records. A tank is a tracked, Armoured fighting vehicle designed for Front-line combat which combines Operational mobility and tactical The horse ( Equus caballus) is a hoofed ( Ungulate) Mammal, one of eight living species of the family Equidae. History Since 400 AD Chinese children have played with bamboo flying toys. Despite his generally weak appearance, Tintin is athletic and possesses great physical strength, being able to knock out enemies much larger than him in combat. He was even once victorious in a weaponless fight with a large Brown bear in Tintin in the Land of the Soviets. The Brown Bear ( Ursus arctos) is an Omnivorous Mammal of the family Ursidae, distributed across much of northern Eurasia and Tintin in the Land of the Soviets (originally known as Les Aventures de Tintin reporter du Petit "Vingtième" au pays des Soviets) is the Additionally, he is an excellent swimmer, has been shown to do yoga, and can survive falls that would normally cause serious injuries. Yoga ( Sanskrit: योग, IAST: yóga, joːgə refers to traditional physical and mental disciplines originating in India, to the

He has no known family members: any mention of a mother, father or siblings is noticeably absent. Throughout the series, he only makes one mention of family, during his first encounter with Captain Haddock in The Crab with the Golden Claws, whom he exhorts to resist alcoholism by reminding him what Haddock's mother would feel if she saw him in such a drunken state. Captain Archibald Haddock ( Capitaine Archibald Haddock) is a character in the Comic book series The Adventures of Tintin by Belgian The Crab with the Golden Claws ( French: Le Crabe aux pinces d'or) is the ninth of The Adventures of Tintin, a series Alcoholism is a term with multiple and sometimes conflicting definitions Tintin's lack of biological relatives is irrelevant to his adventuring, and it is really the adopted family of friends he makes through his exploits that makes up his family unit.

Unlike his friends, Tintin never meets friends or family whom he encountered prior to the beginning of the series during the course of his adventures. Whereas Haddock can recall a particularly fierce storm at sea, or Professor Calculus can revisit friends from university (both in the The Seven Crystal Balls), Tintin has no discernible past prior to Land of the Soviets. Professor Cuthbert Calculus ( Professeur Tryphon Tournesol, literally Professor Tryphonius Sunflower or Tryphonius Litmus Paper) is a Fictional The Seven Crystal Balls ( Les Sept boules de cristal) is the thirteenth of The Adventures of Tintin, a series of classic comic-strip albums Tintin in the Land of the Soviets (originally known as Les Aventures de Tintin reporter du Petit "Vingtième" au pays des Soviets) is the His two companions also encounter previously unseen friends like Captain Chester or Hercule Tarragon — whereas Tintin only meets friends or enemies whom he met in previous adventures. Frederic Tuten's Tintin in the New World, though considered non-canon, reveals that Tintin was raised by his mother, who died of illness when he was a child. Frederic Tuten (born 1936 is an American Novelist Short story writer and Essayist He has written five novels – The Adventures of Mao This article is not about Literary canons of influential works of fiction but about the concept of a canon which defines the world of a particular fictional series He never knew or met his father, whom Tintin believes to be dead.

Even the name "Tintin" remains a mystery, whether it is a first name or a surname is unknown. A surname is a name added to a Given name and is part of a Personal name. A possibility is that it is not actually the reporter's real name, but rather a pseudonym that the character uses to protect his identity while writing columns for his newspaper: Le Petit Vingtième. A pseudonym is a fictitious alternative to a person's legal name (see Alias) Le Petit Vingtième ("The Little Twentieth" was the weekly youth supplement to the Belgian newspaper Le Vingtième Siècle ("The Twentieth At the time when the stories first came out, journalists' usage of pseudonyms was commonplace. The possibility that it may not be his real name is also hinted in Cigars of the Pharaoh when Tintin is accused of poisoning one of a notable Sheik's servants. Cigars of the Pharaoh ( Les Cigares du pharaon) is one of The Adventures of Tintin, a series of classic comic-strip albums written and illustrated Having been captured and brought to his tent, the enraged Sheik demands Tintin his name. Tintin's characteristically placid answer is: "My name? It won't mean a thing to you. . . but at home they call me Tintin. "

A simpler theory for his name is the fact that Franco-Belgian comics at the time generally had heroes with eccentric, memorable single names that could pass off as first names or surnames. The word theory has many distinct meanings in different fields of Knowledge, depending on their methodologies and the context of discussion. Franco-Belgian comics are Comics that are created in Belgium and France. A surname is a name added to a Given name and is part of a Personal name. Many people tend to think of "Tintin" as a surname, but it is likely that Hergé meant to keep it a mystery. A surname is a name added to a Given name and is part of a Personal name. Georges Prosper Remi ( May 22, 1907 - March 3, 1983) better known by the Pen name Hergé, was a Belgian Hergé was a great admirer of Benjamin Rabier and derived the name from Rabier's Tintin lutin (1897). Benjamin Rabier (1864 La Roche-sur-Yon - 1939 Faverolles) is a French illustrator Comic book artist and animator

Throughout much of the series, Tintin's attitude is characterized by inquisitive tendencies and a noble, forgiving nature. While his idealism earns him the admiration of many people he meets, it also places him in danger on occasion and serves as a foil to the more skeptical demeanor of other characters such as Captain Haddock. In Western civilization, Idealism is the philosophy which maintains that the Ultimate nature of reality is ideal or based upon ideas values essences The so-called Tintin's political views are generally ambiguous in many of the books and specific expression of his opinions are rare. While in earlier books such as Tintin in the Land of the Soviets and Tintin in the Congo Tintin is characterized as a proud Belgian Catholic, later books avoid specific mention of his views (see Ideology of Tintin). Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete". See http//enwikipediaorg/wiki/WikipediaFootnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the tags and the template below His opinions appear to change over time, though in many situations he can be classified as a pacifist, reflected in his dislike of war. At the beginning of Tintin and the Picaros, he is seen wearing a motorcycle helmet with a Peace symbol on it. Tintin and the Picaros ( Tintin et les Picaros) is one of The Adventures of Tintin, a series of classic comic-strip albums written and illustrated MotorCycle is the title of a 1993 album by Rock band Daniel Amos, released on BAI Records.

Towards the end of the series, Tintin's character changes to a degree. In later stories, Tintin no longer actively seeks out adventure but is rather forced into a situation by events beyond his control (such as being kidnapped or motivated to rescue a friend). Flight 714 to Sydney, published for a time under the title Flight 714, first published in 1968, is the twenty-second of The Adventures Tintin and the Picaros ( Tintin et les Picaros) is one of The Adventures of Tintin, a series of classic comic-strip albums written and illustrated This is especially evident in Flight 714 and Tintin and the Picaros, where Tintin's loss of enthusiasm for adventure is apparent, and his youthful idealism appears to have been replaced by a somewhat more cynical outlook. Flight 714 to Sydney, published for a time under the title Flight 714, first published in 1968, is the twenty-second of The Adventures Tintin and the Picaros ( Tintin et les Picaros) is one of The Adventures of Tintin, a series of classic comic-strip albums written and illustrated There has been much debate among readers and critics about this shift in characterization, as these final adventures have received varying and sometimes negative responses. Critics argue that these books represent either a late period of eccentricity, or puzzling disappointments, while others claim that Tintin's shift represents a more complex depiction of his character.

Hergé commented upon this change, noting that in the late phases of his career, "Tintin has lost control, he is not on top of events anymore, he is subjected to them. "[6] However, in the unfinished album Tintin and Alph-Art, Tintin regained much of his old adventurous personality, actively investigating suspicious events and murder threats. Tintin and Alph-Art ( French: Tintin et l'alph-art) is the twenty-fourth and final book in the Tintin series created

Inspiration

Shortly before his death, former Belgian Nazi collaborator Léon Degrelle created controversy by stating that the Tintin character was originally based on himself. Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German Collaborationism, can describe the Treason of cooperating with enemy Forces occupying one's Country. Léon Joseph Marie Ignace Degrelle ( June 15 1906 &ndash April 1 1994) was a Walloon Belgian politician who founded Degrelle had indeed known Hergé during his early career as a journalist, but this allegation is generally considered a fabrication of the notorious self-booster Degrelle. [2]

The earlier version of Tintin was apparently inspired, at least in part, by Hergé's younger brother, Paul Remi, a career soldier. Tired of being referred to as "Major Tintin" by his colleagues, Paul later shaved his hair and adopted a more Erich von Stroheim look. Erich von Stroheim ( September 22, 1885 &ndash May 12, 1957) was an Austrian star of the silent film age lauded for his directorial Hergé subsequently used Paul's appearance as a model for the villainous Colonel Sponsz in The Calculus Affair. Colonel Sponsz is a fictional character from The Adventures of Tintin series of classic Comic books written and drawn by Hergé. The Calculus Affair ( French: L'Affaire Tournesol) is the eighteenth of The Adventures of Tintin, a series of classic Tintin and Sponsz, although physically very different, have actually quite similar hair spikes. [7]

However, the inspiration for the clothing Hergé dressed Tintin in lay elsewhere. A fellow student of Hergé's from St Boniface, named Charles, had adopted a similar style of plus fours and argyle socks, which caused him to be the subject of no little ridicule. Plus fours are trousers that golfers wear 4 Inches below the Knee (and thus four inches longer than traditional knickerbockers, hence the name The argyle (occasionally argyll) pattern is made of diamonds in a diagonal Checkerboard arrangement Harry Thompson notes the inspiration may be tinged slightly, suggesting that if "Hergé had been one of the laughers, an element of guilt was involved. "[8]

The first 3 adventures of Tintin visit places visited by photographer-reporter Robert Sexé, recorded in the Belgian press from the mid to late 1920s. Sexé was born in 1890 in La Roche-sur-Yon in Vendée in Western France. La Roche-sur-Yon is a town and commune in western France, préfecture (capital of the Vendée département. The Vendée is a department in the Pays-de-la-Loire region in west central France, on the Atlantic Ocean. Janpol Schulz wrote a biography of Robert Sexé titled "Sexé au pays des Soviets" (Sexé in the Land of the Soviets) to mimic the name of the first Tintin Adventure. This was published in 1996. [9]

Robert Sexé has been noted to have a similar appearance to Tintin, and the Hergé Foundation in Belgium has admitted that it is not too hard to imagine how Hergé could have been influenced by the exploits of Sexé. [10] At that time Sexé had been round the world on a motorcycle made by Gillet of Herstal. Herstal is a Municipality of Belgium. It lies in the country's Walloon Region and Province of Liege along the Meuse river. René Milhoux was a Grand-Prix champion and motorcycle record holder of the era, and in 1928, while Sexé was in Herstal speaking with Léon Gillet about his future projects, Mr. Gillet put him in contact with his new champion, Milhoux, who had just left Ready motorcycles for Gillet of Herstal. The two men quickly struck up a friendship, and spent hours talking about motorcycles and voyages, Sexé explaining his needs and Milhoux giving his knowledge on mechanics and motorbikes pushed beyond their limits.

Thanks to this union of knowledge and experience, Robert Sexé would head off on numerous trips throughout the world, writing countless press accounts. The General Secretary of the Hergé Foundation in Belgium has admitted that it is not too hard to imagine how a young George Rémi, better known as Hergé, could have been inspired by the well-publicized exploits of these two friends, Sexé with his trips and documentaries and Milhoux with his triumphs and records, to create the characters of Tintin the famous traveling reporter, and his faithful companion Milou (Snowy).

Hergé himself has noted that Tintin existed as his personal expression, and although he recorded in 1947 that he knew "Tintin is no longer me, that, if he is to go on living, it will be by a sort of artificial respiration that I will have to practice constantly and which exhausts me, and will exhaust me more and more",[11] he was also fond of stating "Tintin, c'est moi!" ("Tintin, that's me!"). [12]


Snowy (Milou)

A severely inebriated Snowy (Milou).
A severely inebriated Snowy (Milou).

Snowy, a white Wire Fox Terrier, is Tintin's four-legged companion who travels everywhere with him. The Wire Fox Terrier is a breed of Dog, one of many Terrier breeds The bond between the dog and Tintin is deeper than life, and they have saved each other from perilous situations many times.

With a few exceptions, Snowy never speaks (although he is regularly seen thinking in human words), since he is "only a dog". The talking animal or speaking animal term in general refers to any form of animal which can speak human languages However, he always manages to communicate well with Tintin, particularly in the early stories. Snowy often adds to the story in many interesting ways. For instance, Snowy is the only character in Flight 714 to remember that he was abducted by aliens. Flight 714 to Sydney, published for a time under the title Flight 714, first published in 1968, is the twenty-second of The Adventures Alien Discussions Proceedings of the Abduction Study Conference. Extraterrestrial life is Life originating outside of the Earth. Snowy has rescued Tintin (often by gnawing through restraints or seeking help), or gotten him out of a tight spot by biting or distracting a villain, many times throughout the series.

Like Captain Haddock, Snowy is fond of Loch Lomond brand scotch whisky, and his occasional bouts of drinking tend to get him into trouble, as does his acute arachnophobia. Captain Archibald Haddock ( Capitaine Archibald Haddock) is a character in the Comic book series The Adventures of Tintin by Belgian Loch Lomond (ˈloʊmənd ( Scottish Gaelic Loch Laomainn) is a freshwater Scottish Loch, lying on the Highland Boundary Fault. Arachnophobia (from Greek Arachne (αράχνη "spider" and Phobia (φοβία "fear") is a Specific phobia, an abnormal

The character of Snowy evolved through the course of the Tintin series, and was most dramatically affected by the introduction of Captain Haddock in The Crab with the Golden Claws. Captain Archibald Haddock ( Capitaine Archibald Haddock) is a character in the Comic book series The Adventures of Tintin by Belgian The Crab with the Golden Claws ( French: Le Crabe aux pinces d'or) is the ninth of The Adventures of Tintin, a series Before Haddock's appearance, Snowy was the source of dry and cynical side-commentary, which balanced out Tintin's constantly positive, optimistic perspective. Cynicism (Kυνισμός originally comprised the various philosophies of a group of ancient Greeks called the Cynics, founded by When Haddock entered the series, the Captain took over the role of the cynic, and Snowy gradually shifted into a more light-hearted role, serving to create comic relief by chasing the Marlinspike cat (they become friends in the end of The Calculus Affair), drinking the Captain's whisky, etc. Marlinspike Hall ( Le château de Moulinsart in the original French - Belgian) is Captain Haddock 's Country house in

Milou was named after Hergé's first girlfriend, a contraction of the name Marie-Louise ("Malou"), although the character is referred to as male throughout the books. Georges Prosper Remi ( May 22, 1907 - March 3, 1983) better known by the Pen name Hergé, was a Belgian Girlfriend is a term that can refer to either a Female partner in a non- marital romantic relationship or a female non-intimate Friend

The 1939 Portuguese edition of Tintin in the Congo, renamed as Tintin em Angola, was locally colorized and had a yellow Snowy. Tintin in the Congo ( Tintin au Congo) is the second of The Adventures of Tintin, a series of classic comic-strip albums written and illustrated

Tintin 75 years Anniversary Silver Coin

Tintin and his dog Snowy were the topic of a silver collectors coin: the 10 euro 75 years of Tintin Anniversary commemorative coin. Euro gold and silver commemorative coins are special Euro coins minted and issued by member states of the Eurozone, mainly in Gold and Euro gold and silver commemorative coins are special Euro coins minted and issued by member states of the Eurozone, mainly in Gold and A portrait of Tintin and Snowy can be seen in the obverse side of the coin.

References

  1. ^ a b Euro coin honours Tintin and Snowy - BBC News, Thursday 8 January 2004
  2. ^ a b c Tintin in the dock - The Guardian, Manchester; Saturday 30 January 1999; page T. The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. 008
  3. ^ Sweetness & Blight - Time Magazine, Monday 24 November 1958
  4. ^ Faces of the week - BBC News, Friday 16 December 2005
  5. ^ McCloud, Scott (1993). Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and Understanding Comics: The Invisible Art. Kitchen Sink Press. ISBN 0-87816-243-7.  
  6. ^ Sadoul, Numa; translated by Michel Didier (February 2003). Numa Sadoul is a French writer actor and director born in 1947 in Brazzaville, resident in France since 1966 "The Hergé Interview". The Comics Journal 1 (250): 180 - 205.  
  7. ^ The World of Tintin Conference 2004 - Doyle, Simon, Saturday 15 May 2004
  8. ^ Thompson, Harry (1991). Harry William Thompson ( February 6, 1960 – November 7, 2005) was a British producer and writer of comedies and a successful novelist and biographer Tintin: Hergé and his creation, First, Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN 0-340-52393-X.  
  9. ^ The Vendéen Tintin, automated translation from Le journal de la Vendée, 16 April 2007
  10. ^ "Writer tracks down Tintin's real life inspiration" The Guardian (Manchester); May 17, 1999; Paul Webster; p. The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. 15
  11. ^ Hergé & Tintin: Discover a world of Tintinology - Gravett, Paul, originally from The Comics Journal, 2003
  12. ^ Farr, Michael (March 2004). Paul Gravett is a London -based journalist curator writer and broadcaster who has worked in comics publishing and promotion for over twenty years The Comics Journal, often abbreviated TCJ, is a US magazine of news and criticism pertaining to Comic books and strips Michael Farr is a leading British Tintinologist that is an expert on the comic series Tintin and its creator Hergé. "Thundering Typhoons". History Today 54 (3): 62.  

Further reading

External links


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