| Timor | |
|---|---|
 Political Division of Timor |
|
| Geography | |
| Location | South East Asia |
| Coordinates | |
| Archipelago | Lesser Sunda Islands |
| Area | 11,883 sq mi (30,780 km²) |
| Highest point | Ramelau 9,720 ft (2,960 m) |
| Administration | |
 East Timor |
|
 Indonesia |
|
| Province | East Nusa Tenggara |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 2,900,000 (as of 2005) |
| Density | 244. The Nusa Tenggara (lit Southeast Islands or Lesser Sunda Islands, are a group of Islands in the middle-south part of the Malay Archipelago. Mount Ramelau is the highest mountain in East Timor at 2963 metres East Timor, also known as Timor-Leste (officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste) is a country in Southeast Asia. The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. East Nusa Tenggara ( Nusa Tenggara Timur) is a province of Indonesia, located in the eastern portion of the Lesser Sunda Islands, including 2 /sq mi (94. 3 /km²)/km² |
Timor is an island at the south end of the Malay Archipelago, north of the Timor Sea. An island (ˈaɪlənd or isle (/ˈaɪl/ is any piece of land that is completely surrounded by water in two dimensions above high tide and isolated from other significant The Malay Archipelago is a name given to the Archipelago located between mainland Southeastern Asia ( Indochina) and Australia. The Timor Sea (Laut Timor Portuguese: Mar Timor) is a sea bounded to the north by the island of Timor, to the east by the Arafura Sea, It is divided between the independent state of East Timor, and West Timor, belonging to the Indonesian province of East Nusa Tenggara. East Timor, also known as Timor-Leste (officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste) is a country in Southeast Asia. West Timor is the Indonesian portion of the island of Timor and forms part of the province of Nusa Tenggara Timur, (NTT or East Nusa Tenggara The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. East Nusa Tenggara ( Nusa Tenggara Timur) is a province of Indonesia, located in the eastern portion of the Lesser Sunda Islands, including
The island's surface is 11,883 square miles (30,777 km²). Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The name is a variant of timur, Malay for “east”; it is so called because it is at the east end of a chain of islands. The Malay language ( ISO 639-1 code MS is an Austronesian language spoken by the Malay people and people of other ethnic groups who reside in the
Contents |
Language, ethnic groups, and religion
- See also: Languages of East Timor and Tetun
Similar to nearby islands, most Timorese are Melanesian[1] and anthropologists identify eleven distinct ethno-linguistic groups in Timor. The Lingua franca and national language of East Timor is Tetum, an Austronesian language influenced by Portuguese, with which Tetum (also Tetun) is an Austronesian language, a National language and one of the two Official languages of East Timor. Melanesia (from Greek: μέλας black, νῆσος island) means "islands of the black-skinned people" The largest are the Atoni of western Timor, and the Tetum of central and eastern Timor. The Atoni (also known as the Atoin Meto or the Dawan) are an ethnic group on Timor, in Indonesian West Timor and the East Timorese Tetum (also Tetun) is an Austronesian language, a National language and one of the two Official languages of East Timor. [2] Most Timor indigenous Timorese languages belong to the Austronesian group of languages spoken through the Indonesian archipelago. The non-Austronesian languages are related to languages spoken in the Halmahera (in Maluku) and Western New Guinea. Halmahera (also Jilolo or Gilolo is the largest Island in the Maluku Islands. The Maluku Islands (also known as the Moluccas, Moluccan Islands, the Spice Islands or simply Maluku) are an Archipelago [3]
The official languages of East Timor are Tetum and Portuguese, while in West Timor it is Indonesian. Tetum (also Tetun) is an Austronesian language, a National language and one of the two Official languages of East Timor. Portuguese ( or língua portuguesa) is a Romance language that originated in what is now Galicia (Spain and northern Portugal. Indonesian or Bahasa Indonesia, based on the Riau version of Malay language, was declared the official language with the declaration of Indonesian is also widely spoken and understood in East Timor.
Christianity is the dominant religion throughout the island of Timor, at about 90% of the population. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings Roman Catholics are the majority; they outnumber Protestants in West Timor by about a 1. Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. 5:1 ratio, while in East Timor, Catholics are the vast majority of the population. Muslims and animists are most of the remainder, at about 5% each. For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation.
Geography
To the south and southeast of Timor is Oceania. To its northwest is the island of Sulawesi, and to its west, the island of Sumba. Sulawesi (formerly known as Celebes, ˈsɛlɛbiz is one of the four larger Sunda Islands of Indonesia and is situated between Borneo and the Sumba is an island in Indonesia, and is one of the Lesser Sunda Islands. To the west-northwest of Timor are the islands of Flores and Alor, and to its northeast are the Barat Daya Islands, including Wetar. Flores is one of the Lesser Sunda Islands, an Island arc with an estimated area of 14300 km² extending east from the Java island of Indonesia Alor is the largest Island in the Alor archipelago located at the eastern-most end of the Lesser Sunda Islands that runs through southern The Barat Daya Islands ( Indonesian: Kepulauan Barat Daya) are a group of Islands in the Maluku province of Indonesia. The tropical island Wetar belongs to the Indonesian province Maluku and is the largest island of the Barat Daya Islands (literally Southwest Islands
Timor has older geology and lacks the volcanic nature of the Lesser Sunda Islands. The Nusa Tenggara (lit Southeast Islands or Lesser Sunda Islands, are a group of Islands in the middle-south part of the Malay Archipelago. The orientation of the main axis of the island also differs from its neighbors. These features have been explained as the result of being on the northern edge of the Indo-Australian Plate as it pushes into the South East Asia. The Indo-Australian Plate is a major Tectonic plate that includes the continent of Australia and surrounding Ocean, and extends northwest to include the
Flora and fauna
Timor, together with the Lesser Sunda Islands to the northwest and the smaller islands to the northeast, is covered by tropical dry broadleaf forests. The Nusa Tenggara (lit Southeast Islands or Lesser Sunda Islands, are a group of Islands in the middle-south part of the Malay Archipelago. The tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forest Biome, also known as tropical dry forest, is located at tropical and subtropical latitudes Many trees are deciduous or partly deciduous, dropping their leaves during the dry season. Botany Autumn leaf color. See --> In Botany and Horticulture, deciduous Plants, including Timor, the Barat Daya Islands, and the smaller islands to the northeast of Timor constitute the Timor and Wetar deciduous forests ecoregion.
During the Pleistocene epoch, Timor was the abode of extinct giant monitor lizards similar to the Komodo dragon. The Pleistocene ('plaɪstəsin is the epoch from 18 million to 10000 years BP covering the world's recent period Island gigantism is a biological phenomenon where the size of animals isolated on an island increases dramatically over generations Monitor lizards are the family Varanidae, a group of carnivorous lizards which includes the largest living lizard the Komodo dragon. The Komodo dragon ( Varanus komodoensis) is a species of Lizard that inhabits the islands of Komodo, Rinca, Flores, Gili Like Flores, Sumba and Sulawesi, Timor was also once a habitat of extinct dwarf stegodonts, relatives of elephants. Flores is one of the Lesser Sunda Islands, an Island arc with an estimated area of 14300 km² extending east from the Java island of Indonesia Sumba is an island in Indonesia, and is one of the Lesser Sunda Islands. Sulawesi (formerly known as Celebes, ˈsɛlɛbiz is one of the four larger Sunda Islands of Indonesia and is situated between Borneo and the Insular dwarfism is the process and condition of the reduction in size of large animals – almost always Mammals – when their gene pool is limited to a very small environment Stegodon is a Genus of the Extinct Subfamily Stegodontinae of the order Proboscidea. Elephants ( family: Elephantidae) are large land Mammals of the order Proboscidea.
History
| Part of History of East Timor |
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| Early history (pre-1515) |
| Portuguese Timor (1515–1975) |
| Indonesian invasion (1975) |
| Indonesian occupation (1975 - 1999) |
| Vote for independence (1999) |
| Transition to independence (1999 - 2002) |
| Contemporary East Timor (2002–present) |
| 2006 crisis |
|
Timeline |
| [Edit this template] |
- See also: History of East Timor and History of Indonesia
As the nearest island with a European settlement at the time, Timor was the destination of William Bligh and seamen loyal to him following the infamous mutiny on the Bounty in 1789. East Timor is a small country in Southeast Asia It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco Timor is an island in South East Asia. Geologically considered a Continental crustal fragment, it lies alongside the Sunda shelf, and is the Portuguese Timor was the name of East Timor when it was under Portuguese control See also Indonesian occupation of East Timor Indonesia invaded East Timor in 1975 following the Carnation Revolution in Portugal, which led to Portugal's Indonesia occupied East Timor from December 1975 to October 1999 The 1999 East Timorese crisis began with attacks by anti-independence militants on civilians and expanded to general violence throughout the country, centred in the capital The United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET provided an interim civil administration and a peacekeeping mission in the territory of East Timor, East Timor, also known as Timor-Leste (officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste) is a country in Southeast Asia. The 2006 East Timorese crisis began as a conflict between elements of the Military of East Timor over discrimination within the military and expanded to general violence throughout East Timor is a small country in Southeast Asia It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco See also Timeline of Indonesian history Indonesia is an archipelagic country of 17508 islands (6000 inhabited stretching along the Equator Vice-Admiral William Bligh FRS RN (9 September 1754 – 7 December 1817 was an officer of the British Royal Navy and a colonial administrator For the book about the mutiny by Charles Nordhoff and James Norman Hall see Mutiny on the Bounty (novel. It was also where survivors of the wrecked HMS Pandora, sent to arrest the Bounty mutineers, landed in 1791 after that ship sank in the Great Barrier Reef. HMS Pandora was a 24-gun Porcupine class Frigate of the Royal Navy, built by Adams and Barnard at Deptford, England and The Great Barrier Reef is the largest Coral reef system in the world composed of over 2900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for 2600 kilometres (1600 mi
The island has been politically divided in two parts for centuries: West Timor, which was known as Dutch Timor from the 1800s until 1949 when it became Indonesian Timor, a part of the nation of Indonesia which was formed from the old Netherlands East Indies; and East Timor which was known as Portuguese Timor, a Portuguese colony until 1975. West Timor is the Indonesian portion of the island of Timor and forms part of the province of Nusa Tenggara Timur, (NTT or East Nusa Tenggara The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. See http//enwikipediaorg/wiki/WikipediaFootnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the tags and the template below East Timor, also known as Timor-Leste (officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste) is a country in Southeast Asia. Portuguese Timor was the name of East Timor when it was under Portuguese control It includes the enclave of Oecussi-Ambeno in West Timor. Oecussi-Ambeno ( Tetum: Oe-Kusi Ambenu, also variously Ocussi, Oekussi, Oekusi, Okusi, Oé-Cusse) is a district The Netherlands and Portugal did not formally resolve the matter of the boundary until 1912. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula.
Japanese forces occupied the whole island from 1942 to 1945. The Empire of Japan ( {{unicode|Kyūjitai}}: ja 大日本帝國 Shinjitai: ja 大日本帝国 pronounced Dai Nippon Teikoku They were resisted in a guerrilla campaign led initially by Australian commandos. Guerrilla warfare is the unconventional warfare and combat with which a small group of combatants use mobile tactics (ambushes raids etc For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. In Military science, the term commando can refer to an individual a Military unit, or a raiding style of military operation. (See Battle of Timor. The Battle of Timor (1942–43 occurred on the island of Timor, in the Pacific theatre of World War II. )
Following the withdrawal of the Portuguese, internal unrest, and an Indonesian invasion in 1975, East Timor was annexed by Indonesia and became known as Timor Timur or 'Tim-Tim' for short. See also Indonesian occupation of East Timor Indonesia invaded East Timor in 1975 following the Carnation Revolution in Portugal, which led to Portugal's It was regarded by Indonesia as the country's 27th province, but this was never recognised by the United Nations or Portugal. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. The people of East Timor resisted Indonesian forces in a prolonged guerilla campaign. (See: Indonesian occupation of East Timor). Indonesia occupied East Timor from December 1975 to October 1999 Following a referendum held in 1999, under a UN sponsored agreement between Indonesia and Portugal, in which its people rejected the offer of autonomy within Indonesia, East Timor achieved independence in 2002 and is now officially known as Timor-Leste. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. East Timor, also known as Timor-Leste (officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste) is a country in Southeast Asia. A group of people on the Indonesian side of Timor have been reported active since 2001 trying to establish a Great Timor State. The term Great Timor (Timor Raya refers to the concept of a united and independent island of Timor, covering formerly Portuguese East Timor, and formerly [4]
References
- ^ Schwarz, A. (1994). A Nation in Waiting: Indonesia in the 1990s. Westview Press, page 198. ISBN 1-86373-635-2.
- ^ Taylor, Jean Gelman (2003). Indonesia: Peoples and Histories. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 378. ISBN 0-300-10518-5.
- ^ Taylor, Jean Gelman (2003). Indonesia: Peoples and Histories. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 378. ISBN 0-300-10518-5.
- ^ etan.org
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