Citizendia

See also: List of inventors

This is a chronological list of particularly important or significant technological inventions. This is a list of Inventors. See also List of scientists, Timeline of invention, List of inventions named after people, List An invention is a new form composition of matter device or Process.

Note: Dates for inventions are often controversial. Inventions are often invented by several inventors around the same time, or may be invented in an impractical form many years before another inventor improves the invention into a practical form. Where there is ambiguity, the date of the first known working version of the invention is used here.

Contents

Paleolithic Era

Main article: Paleolithic

10th millennium BC

9th millennium BC

8th millennium BC

7th millennium BC

6th millennium BC

5th millennium BC

4th millennium BC

3rd millennium BC

2nd millennium BC

1st millennium BC

1st millennium AD

2nd millennium

11th century

12th century

13th century

14th century

15th century

16th century

17th century

18th century

19th century

1800s

1810s

1820s

1830s

1840s

1850s

1860s

1870s

1880s

1890s

20th century

1900s

1910s

1920s

1930s

1940s

1950s

1960s

1970s

1980s

1990s

3rd millennium

21st century

2000s

See also

History of technology
By period and location:

By type of technology:

Technology timelines:

edit

Notes

  1. ^ [1]
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Encyclopædia Britannica's Great Inventions, Encyclopædia Britannica
  3. ^ a b Stone age man used dentist drill. Texas Instruments ( better known in the electronics industry (and popularly as TI, is an American company based in Dallas, Texas, USA The World Wide Web (commonly shortened to the Web) is a system of interlinked Hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee OM KBE FRS FREng FRSA (born 8 June 1955 is an English computer scientist who is credited Basic concept of GPS operation A GPS receiver calculates its position by carefully timing the signals sent by the constellation of GPS Satellites high above the Earth The United States Department of Defense ( DOD or DoD) is the federal department charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government A digital audio player, more commonly referred to as an MP3 player, is a Consumer electronics device that stores organizes and plays audio files Some SaeHan Information Systems ( is a South Korean information systems company based in Yeouido, Seoul. Sildenafil citrate, sold as Viagra, Revatio and under various other trade names is a drug used to treat Erectile dysfunction (male impotence Pfizer Incorporated ( is a major Pharmaceutical company, which ranks number one in the world in sales An artificial heart is a prosthetic device that is implanted into the body to replace the biological Heart. The history of technology is the history of the Invention of Tools and techniques The Neolithic Revolution was the first Agricultural revolution &mdashthe transition from hunting and gathering communities and bands to Agriculture and The characteristics of Ancient Egyptian technology are indicated by a set of artifacts and customs that lasted for thousands of years The history of Science and Technology in China is both long and rich with many contributions to science and technology Ancient Greek technology developed at an unprecedented speed during the 5th century BC continuing up to and including the girls period and beyond Roman technology is the engineering practice which supported Roman civilization and made the expansion of Roman commerce and Roman military possible over nearly a thousand years The Islamic Golden Age from the 8th century to the 13th century witnessed a fundamental transformation in Agriculture known as the Arab Agricultural Medieval technology refers to the technology used in medieval Europe, which generally does not include the parts of Europe under Arab rule, such as Islamic Renaissance technology is the set of European artifacts and customs spanning roughly the 14th through the 16th century The British Agricultural Revolution describes a period of development in Britain between the 18th century and the end of the 19th century which saw a massive increase in agricultural The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on the Biotechnology is the application of scientific and engineering principles to the processing of materials by biological agents to provide goods and services The history of communication dates back to the earliest signs of Life. The history of computer hardware encompasses the hardware, its architecture, and its impact on software. Electrical engineering, sometimes referred to as electrical and electronic engineering, is a field of Engineering that deals with the study and application of The history of Materials science is the study of how different materials were used as influenced by the History of Earth and the Culture of the Units of measurement were among the earliest tools invented by humans All human societies have medical beliefs that provide explanations for birth, Death, and Disease. Nuclear technology is technology that involves the reactions of atomic nuclei. The history of transport evolved with the development of human culture The timeline of This is a list of Inventors. See also List of scientists, Timeline of invention, List of inventions named after people, List China has been the source of some of the world's most significant Inventions, including the Four Great Inventions of ancient China: Paper, the The Encyclopædia Britannica is a general English-language encyclopaedia published by Encyclopædia Britannica Inc BBC News.
  4. ^ Dashing Finns were first to get their skates on 5,000 years ago. The Times. The Times is a daily national Newspaper published in the United Kingdom since 1785 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. Retrieved on 2007-12-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes
  5. ^ Kryss Katsiavriades and Talaat Qureshi, Inventions - 3000 BC to 2000 BC.
  6. ^ A World of Glass
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i Surgical Instruments from Ancient Rome
  8. ^ a b c d e Roman period surgery set on show, BBC
  9. ^ a b c d Chirurgia, William Alexander Greenhill, M. D. , Trinity College, Oxford
  10. ^ The Romans carried out cataract ops, BBC
  11. ^ a b Lynn Townsend White, Jr. (April 1960). Lynn Townsend White Jr ( April 29 1907 – March 30 1987) was a professor of medieval History at Princeton, "Tibet, India, and Malaya as Sources of Western Medieval Technology", The American Historical Review 65 (3), p. 521.
  12. ^ Dimitrakoudis, P. Papaspyrou, V. Petoussis, X. Moussas: “Archaic artifacts resembling celestial spheres” http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=APCPCS000848000001000919000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes>
  13. ^ Inventions 1000 BC to 1 BC
  14. ^ Ancient Greek Inventions
  15. ^ Stone-Hurling Catapult, Greece, 400 BCE
  16. ^ a b Joseph Needham (1986). Noel Joseph Terence Montgomery Needham, CH, FRS, FBA ( December 9, 1900 – March 24 1995) was a British Science and Civilization in China: Volume 4, Part 2, p. 361. Taipei: Caves Books, Ltd. Taipei ( Taiwanese Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-pak-chhī Jhuyin Fuhao: ㄊㄞˊ ㄅㄟˇ ㄕˋ Hakka: Thòi-pet-sṳ has been the capital of
  17. ^ Ancient Roman Inventions
  18. ^ Lynn Townsend White, Jr. (April 1960). Lynn Townsend White Jr ( April 29 1907 – March 30 1987) was a professor of medieval History at Princeton, "Tibet, India, and Malaya as Sources of Western Medieval Technology", The American Historical Review 65 (3), p. 516.
  19. ^ Roman Inventions
  20. ^ How advanced were the Romans
  21. ^ Paper - one of the most important inventions of the last two millennia
  22. ^ C. Wayne Smith, Joe Tom Cothren (1999). Cotton: Origin, History, Technology, and Production, p. viii. John Wiley and Sons. Technology & Industrial Arts. ISBN 0471180459.
  23. ^ Richard Nelson Frye. Richard Nelson Frye (born c 1920 is an American scholar of Iranian and Central Asian Studies, and Aga Khan Professor Emeritus Golden Age of Persia, p. 163
  24. ^ a b c Ahmad Y Hassan, Alcohol and the Distillation of Wine in Arabic Sources. Ahmad Y Hassan أحمد يوسف الحسن(born 1925 is a chevalier of the Légion d'honneur and a historian of Arabic and Islamic science and technology
  25. ^ a b c Otto Mayr (1970). The Origins of Feedback Control, MIT Press. The MIT Press is a University press affiliated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT in Cambridge Massachusetts ( USA)
  26. ^ a b Teun Koetsier (2001). "On the prehistory of programmable machines: musical automata, looms, calculators", Mechanism and Machine theory 36, p. 590-591.
  27. ^ a b c d Dr. Kasem Ajram (1992). Miracle of Islamic Science, Appendix B. Knowledge House Publishers. ISBN 0911119434.
  28. ^ The invention of cosmetics. 1001 Inventions.
  29. ^ David A. King, "Islamic Astronomy", in Christopher Walker (1999), ed. David A King is the tenth Director of the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center located in Huntsville Alabama. , Astronomy before the telescope, p. 167-168. British Museum Press. The British Museum is a Museum of human history and culture in London. ISBN 0-7141-2733-7.
  30. ^ Ahmad Y Hassan, Donald Routledge Hill (1986). Ahmad Y Hassan أحمد يوسف الحسن(born 1925 is a chevalier of the Légion d'honneur and a historian of Arabic and Islamic science and technology Donald Routledge Hill (1922–1994 was an Engineer and historian of science and technology. Islamic Technology: An illustrated history, p. 54. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge University Press (known colloquially as CUP is a Publisher given a Royal Charter by Henry VIII in 1534 ISBN 0-521-42239-6.
  31. ^ a b c d e Paul Vallely, How Islamic Inventors Changed the World, The Independent, 11 Mar 2006. The Independent is a British compact Newspaper published by Tony O'Reilly 's Independent News & Media.
  32. ^ O'Connor, John J. & Robertson, Edmund F. , “Abu Mahmud Hamid ibn al-Khidr Al-Khujandi”, MacTutor History of Mathematics archive 
  33. ^ a b Ronald Watkins. The MacTutor History of Mathematics archive is an award-winning website maintained by John J Unknown Seas, p. 15.
  34. ^ Lynn Townsend White, Jr. (April 1960). Lynn Townsend White Jr ( April 29 1907 – March 30 1987) was a professor of medieval History at Princeton, "Tibet, India, and Malaya as Sources of Western Medieval Technology", The American Historical Review 65 (3), p. 519.
  35. ^ a b Fielding H. Garrison, History of Medicine:

    "The Saracens themselves were the originators not only of algebra, chemistry, and geology, but of many of the so-called improvements or refinements of civilization, such as street lamps, window-panes, firework, stringed instruments, cultivated fruits, perfumes, spices, etc. Colonel Fielding Hudson Garrison, MD ( November 5, 1870 &ndash April 18, 1935) was an acclaimed medical historian, Saracen was a term used by Europeans in the Middle Ages for Fatimids at first then later for all who professed the religion of Islam. Algebra is a branch of Mathematics concerning the study of structure, relation, and Quantity. Chemistry (from Egyptian kēme (chem meaning "earth") is the Science concerned with the composition structure and properties Geology (from Greek γη gê, "earth" and λόγος Logos, "speech" lit A street light, lamppost, street lamp, light standard or lamp standard, is a raised source of Light on the edge of a Road GlassWindowjpg|thumb|right|190px|A stained glass panel depicting Biblical scenes at a historic church in Scotland]] A window is an opening A paned window is a Window that is divided into sections known as panes Originally the meaning pertained to sectioned glass Windows in walls A firework is classified as a low explosive pyrotechnic device used primarily for aesthetic and entertainment purposes A string instrument (or stringed instrument) is a Musical instrument that produces Sound by means of Vibrating strings In the Hornbostel-Sachs Tillage is the agricultural preparation of the Soil by Ploughing ripping or turning it The term fruit has different meanings dependent on context and the term is not synonymous in Food preparation and Biology. Perfume is a mixture of fragrant Essential oils and Aroma compounds Fixatives and Solvents used to give the human body animals objects and living A spice is a dried Seed, Fruit, Root, Bark or vegetative substance used in Nutritionally insignificant quantities as a Food additive . . "

  36. ^ Piero Ariotti (Winter, 1968). "Galileo on the Isochrony of the Pendulum", Isis 59 (4), p. Isis is an Academic journal published by The University of Chicago Press devoted to the History of science, History of medicine 414.
  37. ^ Ancient surgery
  38. ^ Ingrid Hehmeyer and Aliya Khan (2007). "Islam's forgotten contributions to medical science", Canadian Medical Association Journal 176 (10).
  39. ^ Zafarul-Islam Khan, At The Threshold (sic) Of A New Millennium – II, The Milli Gazette.
  40. ^ a b c d e f g Khaled al-Hadidi (1978), "The Role of Muslem Scholars in Oto-rhino-Laryngology", The Egyptian Journal of O. R. L. 4 (1), p. 1-15. (cf. Ear, Nose and Throat Medical Practice in Muslim Heritage, Foundation for Science Technology and Civilization. cf is an abbreviation for the Latin -derived (but also modern English) word confer, meaning "compare" or "consult" )
  41. ^ a b A. I. Makki. "Needles & Pins", AlShindagah 68, January-February 2006.
  42. ^ Robert Briffault (1938). Robert Briffault ( 1876 - 11 December 1948) was a French novelist historian social anthropologist and surgeon The Making of Humanity, p. 191.
  43. ^ a b Khwarizm, Foundation for Science Technology and Civilisation.
  44. ^ a b c d Robert E. Hall (1973). "Al-Khazini", Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Vol. VII, p. 346.
  45. ^ Marshall Clagett (1961). The Science of Mechanics in the Middle Ages, p. 64. University of Wisconsin Press. The University of Wisconsin Press (sometimes abbreviated as UW Press) is a University press and as such is a nonprofit publisher of peer-reviewed books and journals
  46. ^ a b Nicholas J. Wade, Stanley Finger (2001), "The eye as an optical instrument: from camera obscura to Helmholtz's perspective", Perception 30 (10), p. 1157-1177.
  47. ^ Dr. A. Zahoor (1997). Al-Zarqali (Arzachel), University of Indonesia. University of Indonesia (in Indonesian: Universitas Indonesia) abbreviated as UI has its roots in the oldest tertiary-level education facilities in Indonesia (then
  48. ^ Ahmad Y Hassan, Flywheel Effect for a Saqiya. Ahmad Y Hassan أحمد يوسف الحسن(born 1925 is a chevalier of the Légion d'honneur and a historian of Arabic and Islamic science and technology
  49. ^ Islam, Knowledge, and Science. University of Southern California. The University of Southern California (commonly referred to as USC, SC, Southern California, and incorrectly
  50. ^ Linear astrolabe, Encyclopædia Britannica. The Encyclopædia Britannica is a general English-language encyclopaedia published by Encyclopædia Britannica Inc
  51. ^ Abdel Aziz al-Jaraki (2007), When Ridhwan al-Sa’ati Anteceded Big Ben by More than Six Centuries, Foundation for Science Technology and Civilisation.
  52. ^ 101 gadgets that changed the world
  53. ^ ANTIQUES; To Reflect On Or Simply To Admire
  54. ^ Georges Ifrah (2001). The Universal History of Computing: From the Abacus to the Quatum Computer, p. 171, Trans. E. F. Harding, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (See [2])
  55. ^ a b Ahmad Y Hassan. Ahmad Y Hassan أحمد يوسف الحسن(born 1925 is a chevalier of the Légion d'honneur and a historian of Arabic and Islamic science and technology The Crank-Connecting Rod System in a Continuously Rotating Machine.
  56. ^ Professor Lynn Townsend White, Jr. (cf. The Automata of Al-Jazari, Topkapi Palace Museum, Istanbul. Lynn Townsend White Jr ( April 29 1907 – March 30 1987) was a professor of medieval History at Princeton, cf is an abbreviation for the Latin -derived (but also modern English) word confer, meaning "compare" or "consult" The Topkapı Palace (Topkapı Sarayı or in Ottoman: طوبكابي بالاذيis a palace in Istanbul, Turkey, which was the official and Istanbul (historically Byzantium and later Constantinople; see the other Names of Istanbul) is the largest city of Turkey )
  57. ^ a b c Ahmad Y Hassan. Ahmad Y Hassan أحمد يوسف الحسن(born 1925 is a chevalier of the Légion d'honneur and a historian of Arabic and Islamic science and technology The Origin of the Suction Pump - Al-Jazari 1206 A.D.
  58. ^ a b A 13th Century Programmable Robot. University of Sheffield. The University of Sheffield is a research University, located in Sheffield in South Yorkshire, England.
  59. ^ a b Arslan Terzioglu (2007). "The First Attempts of Flight, Automatic Machines, Submarines and Rocket Technology in Turkish History", The Turks (ed. H. C. Guzel), p. 804-810.
  60. ^ Ahmad Y Hassan (1976). Ahmad Y Hassan أحمد يوسف الحسن(born 1925 is a chevalier of the Légion d'honneur and a historian of Arabic and Islamic science and technology Taqi al-Din and Arabic Mechanical Engineering, p. 34-35. Instiute for the History of Arabic Science, University of Aleppo. University of Aleppo ( جامعة حلب, also called Aleppo University) is a Public university located in Aleppo, Syria.
  61. ^ pencil, Encyclopædia Britannica
  62. ^ SA MOTORING HISTORY - TIMELINE. The Encyclopædia Britannica is a general English-language encyclopaedia published by Encyclopædia Britannica Inc Government of South Australia.
  63. ^ Setright, L. J. K. (2004). Drive On!: A Social History of the Motor Car. Granta Books. ISBN 1-86207-698-7.  
  64. ^ A. K. Sen (1997). "Sir J. C. Bose and radio science", Microwave Symposium Digest 2 (8-13), p. 557-560
  65. ^ "Benefit to humanity"
  66. ^ Who Invented The Tank? - Bovington Tank Museum
  67. ^ [John Brockman, editor. The Greatest Inventions of the Past 2000 Years. Phoenix. 2000]
  68. ^ David Lazarus (1995). 'Japan's Edison' Is Country's Gadget King : Japanese Inventor Holds Record for Patent. International Herald Tribune.
  69. ^ Inventing Email

References

External links

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