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Contents 1 Foundation to the Common Era 2 Common Era 3 Notes 4 See also 5 External links

Foundation to the Common Era

Some sources give the date of the Buddha's birth as 563 BCE and others as 624 BCE; Theravada Buddhist countries tend to use the latter figure. Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices The History of Buddhism spans the 6th century BCE to the present starting with the birth of the Buddha Siddhartha Gautama. Lists and numbering of Buddhist councils vary between and even within schools Several Buddhist terms and concepts lack direct translations into English that cover the breadth of the original term Background Why the Buddha is said to have taught in this way is illuminated by the social context of the time in which he lived In sramanic philosophy Nirvana (निर्वाण| Nirvāṇa; निब्बान Nibbāna; Prakrit: णिव्वाण The Three Jewels, also called the Three Treasures, the Three Refuges, or the Triple Gem, are the three things that Buddhists take refuge Several Buddhist terms and concepts lack direct translations into English that cover the breadth of the original term According to the Buddhist tradition all phenomena other than Nirvana, ( sankhara) are marked by three characteristics sometimes referred to as the Dharma seals In Buddhist phenomenology and Soteriology, the five skandhas ( Sanskrit) or khandhas ( Pāli) are five "aggregates" Buddhist cosmology is the description of the shape and evolution of the universe according to the canonical Buddhist scriptures and commentaries Rebirth in Buddhism is the doctrine that the consciousness of a person (as conventionally regarded upon the death or dissolution of the aggregates ( Skandhas Dhamma ( Pāli: धम्म or Dharma (धर्म in Buddhism has two primary meanings the teachings of the Buddha which lead to enlightenment The doctrine of pratītyasamutpāda (Sanskrit paticcasamuppāda; rten Karma ( Sanskrit: कर्मन karman, Pāli: कमा Kamma) means "action" or "doing" whatever A number of noted individuals have been Buddhists. Historical Buddhist thinkers and founders of schools Individuals are grouped by nationality except in cases where the Siddhārtha Gautama ( Sanskrit; Pali: Siddhattha Gotama) was a spiritual Teacher from Ancient India and the founder A number of noted individuals have been Buddhists. Historical Buddhist thinkers and founders of schools Individuals are grouped by nationality except in cases where the In Buddhism, buddhahood ( Sanskrit: buddhatva. Pali: buddhatta. In the Buddhist context a bodhisattva (बोधिसत्त्व bodhisattva;; Vietnamese Bồ Tát; बोधिसत्त bodhisatta The four stages of Enlightenment in Buddhism are the four degrees of approach to full enlightenment as an Arahant which a person can attain in this life Theravada Buddhism Theravada Buddhism 's teachings on the paramitas can be found in late canonical books and post-canonical commentaries Buddhist meditation encompasses a variety of Meditation techniques that develop Mindfulness, concentration, tranquility and insight In English translations of Buddhist literature, householder denotes a variety of terms Obtaining exact numbers of practicing Buddhists can be difficult and may be reliant on the definition used Buddhist beliefs and practices vary according to region There are distinctions between and within the Buddhism practised in various regions including In South Asia Mahayana Buddhism is the State religion of Bhutan, and Buddhists comprise 98% of its population. History See also History of Buddhism in Cambodia Unconfirmed Singhalese sources assert that missionaries of King Asohka introduced Buddhism into Chinese Buddhism ( Pinyin fójiào refers collectively to the various schools of Buddhism that have flourished in China proper since ancient times Buddhism is a world religion which arose in Bihar, India and is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, who is known as the Buddha (literally Among the five official religions of Indonesia, according to the state ideology of Pancasila According to Suharto, Buddhism and Hinduism were Indonesia's classical The history of Buddhism in Japan can be roughly divided into three periods namely the Nara period (up to 784 the Heian period (794–1185 and the post-Heian period Korean Buddhism is distinguished from other forms of Buddhism by its attempt to resolve what it sees as inconsistencies in Mahayana Buddhism Buddhism is the primary religion of Laos. The Buddhism practiced in Laos is of the Theravada tradition Buddhism is the second largest religion in Malaysia after Islam, with 19 Buddhism in Mongolia is essentially Tibetan Buddhism of the Gelugpa school History The history of Buddhism in Burmaextends nearly a millennium Buddha was born in Shakya kingdom which lies in Rupandehi district Lumbini zone of Nepal Historically Buddhism was incorporated into Russian lands as early as the late 16th century, when Russian explorers travelled to and settled in As of 2000 425% of the Singaporeans register themselves as Buddhist by religion General Buddhism in Sri Lanka is primarily of the Theravada school and constitutes the religious faith of about 70% of the populationAccording to traditional Buddhism in Thailand is largely of the Theravada school Nearly 95% of Thailand 's population is Buddhist of the Theravada school though Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism is the body of Buddhist religious doctrine and institutions characteristic of Tibet and certain regions of the Himalayas, including Buddhism came to Vietnam in the first century CE By the end of the second century Vietnam developed a major Buddhist centre in the region commonly known as the Luy Lâu Buddhism in the West broadly encompasses the knowledge and practice of Buddhism outside of Asia. The Schools of Buddhism. Buddhism is classified in various ways History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation Mahayana ( Sanskrit: mahāyāna, Devanagari: महायान 'Great Vehicle' is one of the two main existing schools of Buddhism and a term for Vajrayana Buddhism is also known as Tantric Buddhism, Tantrayāna, Mantrayana, Mantranaya, Secret Mantra, Esoteric Buddhism and The Early Buddhist schools are those schools into which according to most scholars the Buddhist monastic Sangha initially split due originally to differences in The term pre-sectarian Buddhism is used by some scholars to refer to the Buddhism that existed before the various subsects of Buddhism came into being Buddhist texts can be categorized in a number of ways The Western terms "scripture" and "canonical" are applied to Buddhism in inconsistent ways by Western scholars Historicity and Background Place in the Canon Various Mahayana Sutras have been included in the Tibetan Canon and the Chinese Canon. The Tibetan Buddhist canon is a loosely defined list of Sacred texts recognized by various sects of Tibetan Buddhism. The cultural elements of Buddhism vary by region and include Buddhist Festivals and Observances Vesak The following is a List of Buddhist topics: A Abhidharma Aggañña Sutta Ahimsa This displaces all the dates in the following table about 61 years further back. See Theravada Buddhism.

• 563 BCE: Siddhārtha Gautama, Buddha-to-be, is born in Lumbini into the royal family of The Kingdom of Shakyas, which is now part of Nepal. Events and trends 568 BC — Amtalqa succeeds his brother Aspelta as king of Kush. Siddhārtha Gautama ( Sanskrit; Pali: Siddhattha Gotama) was a spiritual Teacher from Ancient India and the founder In Buddhism, buddhahood ( Sanskrit: buddhatva. Pali: buddhatta. Lumbini ( Sanskrit: sa लुम्बिनी "the lovely" is a Buddhist pilgrimage site in the Kapilavastu district of Nepal The History of Nepal (नेपालको इतिहास is characterized by its isolated position in the Himalayas and its two dominant neighbors India
• 534 BCE: Prince Siddhartha goes outside the palace for the first time and sees The Four Sights: an old man, an ill man, a dead man, and a holy man. Events and trends 539 BC — Babylon is conquered by Cyrus, defeating Nabonidus; noted in such documents as that of Africanus He is shocked by the first three—he did not know what age, disease, and death were—but is inspired by the holy man to give up his wealth. He leaves his house and lives with three ascetics. Ascetic redirects here You might also be looking for Acetic acid. However, he wants more than to starve himself, so he becomes a religious teacher.
• 528 BCE: Siddhartha attains Enlightenment in Buddha Gaya (modern-day Bodhgaya), then travels to a deer park in Sarnath (near Varanasi), India, and begins expounding the Dharma. Events 529 BC — Cambyses II started to rule He is son of Cyrus II. Bodhi (बोधि is both the Pāli and Sanskrit word traditionally translated into English as "enlightenment WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Bodh Gaya or Bodhgaya (Hindi बोधगया is a city in Gaya district in the This article is about a place in India For H P Lovecraft 's fictitious city see The Doom That Came to Sarnath. Varanasi ( Sanskrit: वाराणसी Vārāṇasī, pronunciation) also commonly known as Benares ( or Banaras (बनारस India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The Sanskrit term ( Devanāgarī: धर्म Pali transliteration dhamma) is an Indian spiritual and religious
• 528 BCE According to legend, Trapusha and Bhallika, two trader-brothers from Okkala (modern-day Yangon), offer the Gautama's first meal as the enlightened Buddha. Events 529 BC — Cambyses II started to rule He is son of Cyrus II. Yangon (also known as Rangoon) is the largest city and a former capital of Burma. The Buddha gives eight strands of his hair to the two brothers; the strands are brought back to Burma and enshrined in the Shwedagon Pagoda. The Shwedagon Pagoda (ʃwèdəgòun; ʃwèdəgòun pʰəjá officially titled Shwedagon Zedi Daw (ʃwèdəgòun zèdìdɔ̀ also known as the Golden Thus, according to myth, this is the year when the Shwedagon Pagoda was built.
• c. 490–410 BCE: Life of the Buddha, according to recent research. ^[1]
• c. 483 BCE: Gautama Buddha dies at Kusinara (now called Kushinagar), India. Events By place Persian empire Xerxes I of Persia is encouraged by his cousin and brother-in-law Siddhārtha Gautama ( Sanskrit; Pali: Siddhattha Gotama) was a spiritual Teacher from Ancient India and the founder WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Kushinagar or Kusinagar (26 India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Three months following his death, the First Buddhist Council is convened. According to late commentarial accounts King Ajatashatru (Sanskrit अजातशत्रु sponsored the First Buddhist council.
• 383 BCE: The Second Buddhist Council is convened by King Kalasoka and held at Vaisali. Events By place Greece King Amyntas III of Macedon, forms a temporary alliance with the Chalcidian League The Second Buddhist council took place in Vesali, about one hundred years after the Buddha 's Parinibbāna, in order to settle a serious dispute on Vaishali District is a District in Bihar State, India. It is named after the Vaishali (ancient city.
• c. 250 BCE: Third Buddhist Council, convened by Ashoka the Great and chaired by Moggaliputta Tissa, compiles the Kathavatthu to refute the heretical views and theories held by some Buddhist sects. Events By place Egypt Ptolemy II encourages the Jewish residents of Alexandria to have their Bible translated The Third Buddhist council was convened in about 250 BCE at Asokarama in Patiliputta, supposedly under the patronage of Emperor Asoka. Ashoka ( Devanāgarī: अशोकः IAST: Aśokaḥ, aɕoːkə(hə Prakrit Imperial title Devanampriya Priyadarsi Moggaliputta-Tissa (ca 327 BC &ndash 247 BC (born in Pataliputra, Magadha (now Patna, India) was a Buddhist monk and Kathāvatthu ( Pāli) (abbrev Kv Kvu literally "Points of Controversy" is a Buddhist scripture one of the seven books in the Theravada Abhidhamma Ashoka issues a number of edicts (Edicts of Ashoka) about the kingdom in support of Buddhism. The Edicts of Ashoka are a collection of 33 inscriptions on the Pillars of Ashoka, as well as boulders and cave walls made by the Emperor Ashoka of the Mauryan
• c. 250 BCE: Emperor Ashoka the Great sends various Buddhist missionaries to faraway countries, as far as China and the Mon & Malay kingdoms in the east and the Hellenistic kingdoms in the west, in order to make Buddhism known to them. Events By place Egypt Ptolemy II encourages the Jewish residents of Alexandria to have their Bible translated Ashoka ( Devanāgarī: अशोकः IAST: Aśokaḥ, aɕoːkə(hə Prakrit Imperial title Devanampriya Priyadarsi Ashoka ( Devanāgarī: अशोकः IAST: Aśokaḥ, aɕoːkə(hə Prakrit Imperial title Devanampriya Priyadarsi China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The Mon ( Mon language: မန် or မည် မွန်လူမျိုး‌ mùn lùmjóʊ Thai: มอญ are an Ethnic group from Malays (Melayu are an Ethnic group of Austronesian peoples predominantly inhabiting the Malay Peninsula, the east coast of Sumatra, the coast This article focuses on the cultural aspects of the Hellenistic age for the historical aspects see Hellenistic period.
• c. 250 BCE: First fully developed examples of Kharoṣṭhī script date from this period (the Aśokan inscriptions at Shāhbāzgaṛhī and Mānsehrā, a northwestern Indian subcontinent). Events By place Egypt Ptolemy II encourages the Jewish residents of Alexandria to have their Bible translated The Kharoṣṭhī script, also known as the Gāndhārī script, is an ancient Abugida (an alphasyllabary based on consonants with graphical variations to express Ashoka ( Devanāgarī: अशोकः IAST: Aśokaḥ, aɕoːkə(hə Prakrit Imperial title Devanampriya Priyadarsi Mansehra District ( Urdu: مانسہرہ is in the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan, which contains the town of Mansehra and the
• 200s BCE: Indian traders regularly visit ports in Arabia, explaining the prevalence of place names in the region with Indian or Buddhist origin; e. The 3rd century BC started the first day of 300 BC and ended the last day of 201 BC The Arabian Peninsula (in Arabic: شبه الجزيرة العربية šibh al-jazīra al-ʻarabīya or جزيرة العرب jazīrat al-ʻarab) g. , bahar (from the Sanskrit vihara, a Buddhist monastery). Sanskrit (sa संस्कृता वाक् saṃskṛtā vāk, for short sa संस्कृतम् saṃskṛtam) is a historical This article concerns the buildings occupied by monastics. For the life inside monasteries and its historical roots see Monasticism. Ashokan emissary monks bring Buddhism to Suwannaphum, the location of which is disputed. Ashoka ( Devanāgarī: अशोकः IAST: Aśokaḥ, aɕoːkə(hə Prakrit Imperial title Devanampriya Priyadarsi Suvarṇabhumī or pali Suvaṇṇabhumī, is the name of a land mentioned in many ancient sources such as the Chronicle of Sri Lanka (" Mahavamsa " The Dipavamsa and the Mon believe it was a Mon seafaring settlement in present-day Burma. The Dipavamsa, or "Deepavamsa" (ie Chronicle of the Island in Pali) is the oldest historical record of Sri Lanka. The Mon ( Mon language: မန် or မည် မွန်လူမျိုး‌ mùn lùmjóʊ Thai: มอญ are an Ethnic group from Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia.
• c. 220 BCE: Theravada Buddhism is officially introduced to Sri Lanka by the Venerable Mahinda, son of the emperor Ashoka of India during the reign of King Devanampiya Tissa. Events By place Greece Together with fellow Illyrian Scerdilaidas, Demetrius of Pharos attacks Illyrian cities under History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island Mahinda ( Sanskrit: महिन्द्र Mahindra) (born 3rd century BCE in Magadha, now in Bihar, India) was a Buddhist Ashoka ( Devanāgarī: अशोकः IAST: Aśokaḥ, aɕoːkə(hə Prakrit Imperial title Devanampriya Priyadarsi Tissa, later Devanampiyatissa, c 247 BC - 207 BC was one of the earliest rulers of Sri Lanka based at the ancient capital of Anuradhapura
• 185 BCE: Brahmin general Pusyamitra Sunga overthrows the Mauryan dynasty and establishes the Sunga dynasty, apparently starting a wave of persecution against Buddhism. Events By place Roman Republic The Roman general Scipio Africanus and his brother Lucius are accused by Cato Brahmin ( Brāhmaṇa, sa ब्राह्मणः is the class of educators scholars and preachers in Brahminical Hinduism. Pusyamitra Sunga (B ??? R 185-151 BCE D 151 BCE was the founder and first King of the Sunga Dynasty in Northern India The Maurya Empire ( 322 – 185 BCE) ruled by the Mauryan dynasty was a geographically extensive and powerful political and military For other uses of the term Sunga see Sunga (disambiguation The Sunga Empire (or Shunga Empire) is a Magadha
• 180 BCE: Greco-Bactrian King Demetrius invades India as far as Pataliputra and establishes the Indo-Greek kingdom (180–10 BCE), under which Buddhism flourishes. Events By place Greece After three years of intriguing against his younger brother Demetrius including accusing him of coveting the succession to The Gr(aeco-Bactrian Kingdom was the easternmost part of the Hellenistic world covering Bactria and Sogdiana in Central Asia from 250 Demetrius I (ΔΗΜΗΤΡΙΟΣ was a Greco-Bactrian king (reigned circa 200-180 BC Paṭnā ( Hindi: पटना is the capital of the Indian state of Bihar, and one of the oldest continuously inhabited The Indo-Greek Kingdom (or sometimes Graeco-Indian Kingdom) covered various parts of the northwest and northern Indian subcontinent during the last two centuries
• c. 150 BCE: Indo-Greek king Menander I converts to Buddhism under the sage Nāgasena, according to the account of the Milinda Panha. The Indo-Greek Kingdom (or sometimes Graeco-Indian Kingdom) covered various parts of the northwest and northern Indian subcontinent during the last two centuries Menander I Soter "The Saviour" (known as Milinda in Indian sources was one of the rulers of the Indo-Greek Kingdom in northern India Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices Nāgasena was a Buddhist sage who lived about 150 BCE. His answers to questions about Buddhism posed by Menander I ( Pali: Milinda the History The earliest part of the text is believed to have been written between 100 BCE and 200 CE
• 120 BCE: The Chinese Emperor Han Wudi (156–87 BCE) receives two golden statues of the Buddha, according to inscriptions in the Mogao Caves, Dunhuang. Background birth and years as crown prince Emperor Wu was the tenth child of Emperor Jing, and was born to one of Emperor Jing's favorite Concubines, Siddhārtha Gautama ( Sanskrit; Pali: Siddhattha Gotama) was a spiritual Teacher from Ancient India and the founder The Mogao Caves, or Mogao Grottoes ( (also known as the Caves of the Thousand Buddhas and Dunhuang Caves) form a system of 492 temples 25km (15 Dunhuang ( also written as 燉煌 till early Qing Dynasty; is a City (pop
• 1st century BCE: The Indo-Greek governor Theodorus enshrines relics of the Buddha, dedicating them to the deified "Lord Shakyamuni. The 1st century BC started the first day of 100 BC and ended the last day of 1 BC. Theodorus was a " Meridarch " (Civil Governor of a province in the Swat province of the Indo-Greek kingdom in the northern Indian sub-continent Siddhārtha Gautama ( Sanskrit; Pali: Siddhattha Gotama) was a spiritual Teacher from Ancient India and the founder "
• 29 BCE: According to the Sinhalese chronicles, the Pali Canon is written down in the reign of King Vaṭṭagamiṇi (29–17 BCE)
• 2 BCE: The Hou Hanshu records the visit in 2 BCE of Yuezhi envoys to the Chinese capital, who give oral teachings on Buddhist sutras. Year 29 BC was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Year 2 BC was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. The Book of the Later Han ( is one of the official Chinese Historical works which was compiled by Fan Ye in the 5th century, using Year 2 BC was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. The Yuezhi or Rouzhi ( Chinese: 月支 Pinyin: yuè zhī or ròu zhī; also 月氏 Pinyin: yuè shì Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices ^[2]

Common Era

• 65: Liu Ying's sponsorship of Buddhism is the first documented case of Buddhist practices in China. Year 65 was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Liu Ying (劉英 Pinyin: Liú Yīng (died 71 was a son of Emperor Guangwu of Han, and half-brother of Emperor Ming.
• 67: Buddhism comes to China with the two monks Moton and Chufarlan. Chinese Buddhism ( Pinyin fójiào refers collectively to the various schools of Buddhism that have flourished in China proper since ancient times China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Moton Suspension Technology is a Dutch manufacturer of dampers for automobile racing
• 68: Buddhism is officially established in China with the founding of the White Horse Temple. Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National White Horse Temple ( also White Horse Ministry) was the first Buddhist temple in China, established under the patronage of Emperor Ming in the
• 78: Ban Chao, a Chinese General, subdues the Buddhist Kingdom of Khotan. Control of the Tarim Basin Ban Chao like his predecessors Huo Qubing and Wei Qing from the earlier-half of the Han Dynasty before him is said to The Kingdom of Khotan is an ancient Buddhist kingdom that was located on the branch of the Silk Road that ran along the southern edge of the Taklamakan Desert
• 78–101: According to Mahayana tradition, the Fourth Buddhist council takes place under Kushana king Kanishka's reign, near Jalandar, India. Mahayana ( Sanskrit: mahāyāna, Devanagari: महायान 'Great Vehicle' is one of the two main existing schools of Buddhism and a term for Two councils frequently called Fourth Buddhist Council were held The Kushan Empire (c 1st &ndash 3rd centuries) was a Bactrian state that at its cultural zenith Circa 105 &ndash 250 Kanishka (Kushan language Κανηϸκι, Middle Chinese: 迦腻色伽 was a king of the Kushan Empire in Central Asia, ruling an empire extending WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Jalandhar (ਜਲੰਧਰ Hindi:) previously known as Jullundur, is an ancient India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country
• 116 CE: The Kushans, under Kanishka, establish a kingdom centered on Kashgar, also taking control of Khotan and Yarkand—previously Chinese dependencies in the Tarim Basin, modern Xinjiang. Kanishka (Kushan language Κανηϸκι, Middle Chinese: 迦腻色伽 was a king of the Kushan Empire in Central Asia, ruling an empire extending Kashgar or Kashi (officially transliterated as Kaxgar in Uyghur; قەشقەر/K̡ǝxk̡ǝr, is an Oasis Yarkent (Yarkand County ( Chinese 莎車县 Pinyin: Shāchē; يەكەن|Yerkent|Yərkənt; Turkish: Yerkent which means 'ground city' also The Tarim Basin ( is a large Endorheic basin occupying an area of more than 400000 km² Xinjiang ( Uyghur: شىنجاڭ Shinjang;; Postal map spelling: Sinkiang; Turkish: Sincan, Sincan Uygur Özerk
• 148: An Shigao, a Parthian prince and Buddhist monk, arrives in China and proceeds to make the first translations of Theravada texts into Chinese. An Shih-kao (?-~168 (安世高 Pinyin Ān Shígāo) was a prince of Parthia, nicknamed the "Parthian Marquis" who renounced his prospect Parthia ( Middle Persian: اشکانیان Ashkâniân) was an Iranian civilization situated in the northeastern part of modern Iran History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation
• 178: The Kushan monk Lokaksema travels to the Chinese capital of Loyang and becomes the first known translator of Mahayana texts into Chinese. The Kushan Empire (c 1st &ndash 3rd centuries) was a Bactrian state that at its cultural zenith Circa 105 &ndash 250 Lokaksema ( Ch: 支婁迦讖 Zhī Lóujiāchèn ， sometimes abbreviated 支讖 Zhī Chèn) born around 147 CE The name Lokakṣema translates Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. Mahayana ( Sanskrit: mahāyāna, Devanagari: महायान 'Great Vehicle' is one of the two main existing schools of Buddhism and a term for
• 100s/200s: Indian and Central Asian Buddhists travel to Vietnam. The 2nd century is the period from 101 to 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The 3rd century is the period from 201 to 300 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Central Asia is a region of Asia from the Caspian Sea in the west to central China in the east and from southern Russia in the north to northern Pakistan in the south
• 200s: Use of Kharoṣṭhī script in Gandhara stops. The 3rd century is the period from 201 to 300 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The Kharoṣṭhī script, also known as the Gāndhārī script, is an ancient Abugida (an alphasyllabary based on consonants with graphical variations to express Gandhāra ( Sanskrit: गन्धार Urdu: گندھارا Gandḥārā; also known as Waihind in Persian is the name of an ancient
• 200s & 300s: Kharoṣṭhī script is used in the southern Silk Road cities of Khotan and Niya. The 3rd century is the period from 201 to 300 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 4th century (per the Julian calendar and Anno Domini / Common era) was that Century The Kharoṣṭhī script, also known as the Gāndhārī script, is an ancient Abugida (an alphasyllabary based on consonants with graphical variations to express The Silk Road, or Silk Routes, are an extensive interconnected network of Trade routes across the Asian continent connecting East South and Western Asia with the
• 296: The earliest surviving Chinese Buddhist scripture dates from this year (Zhu Fo Yao Ji Jing, discovered in Dalian, late 2005). Events By Place Roman Empire Galerius is defeated in combat by the Persians under Narseh outside Ctesiphon Dalian (;; Japanese: Dairen Russian: Далянь Dalian or Дальний Dalny is the governing Sub-provincial city in the eastern Liaoning Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
• 300s: Two Chinese monks take scriptures to the Korean kingdom of Goguryeo and establish papermaking in Korea. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 4th century (per the Julian calendar and Anno Domini / Common era) was that Century Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. Goguryeo or Koguryo was an ancient Korean kingdom located in the northern and central parts of the Korean peninsula, southern Manchuria, and
• 320-467: The University at Nalanda grows to support 3,000–10,000 monks. Nālandā is the name of an ancient University in Bihar, India.
• 399-414: Fa Xian travels from China to India, then returns to translate Buddhist works into Chinese. Faxian ( Traditional Chinese:法顯 Simplified Chinese:法显 Pinyin ：Fǎxiǎn also romanized as Fa-Hien or Fa-hsien) (ca
• 400s: The kingdom of Funan (centered in modern Cambodia) begins to advocate Buddhism in a departure from Hinduism. The 5th century is the period from 401 to 500 in accordance with the Julian calendar in Anno Domini / Common Era. Funan (Old Khmer Bnam, Modern Khmer Phnom, Khmer script នគរភ្នំ (i The Kingdom of Cambodia ( formerly known as Kampuchea (, transliterated: Preăh Réachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchea) is a country in South East A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical Earliest evidence of Buddhism in Myanmar (Pali inscriptions). Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. Pali ( ISO 15919 / ALA-LC: Pāḷi is a Middle Indo-Aryan language or Prakrit of India. Earliest evidence of Buddhism in Indonesian (statues). The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. Earliest reinterpretations of Pali texts. The stupa at Dambulla (Sri Lanka) is constructed. The city of Dambulla is situated in the Central Province of Sri Lanka, situated 148 km north-east of Colombo and 72 km north of Kandy. Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island
• 402: At the request of Yao Xing, Kumarajiva travels to Changan and translates many Buddhist texts into Chinese. Before and during Yao Chang's reign Yao Xing was born in 366 when his father Yao Chang was a general under the Former Qin emperor Fu Jiān. Kumārajīva; (also Kiu-kiu-lo, Kiu-mo-lo-che, Kiu-mo-to-tche-po, Tang-cheu) (b Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history.
• 403: In China, Hui Yuan argues that Buddhist monks should be exempt from bowing to the emperor.
• 405: Yao Xing honours Kumarajiva. Before and during Yao Chang's reign Yao Xing was born in 366 when his father Yao Chang was a general under the Former Qin emperor Fu Jiān. Kumārajīva; (also Kiu-kiu-lo, Kiu-mo-lo-che, Kiu-mo-to-tche-po, Tang-cheu) (b
• 425: Buddhism reaches Sumatra. Sumatra (also spelled Sumatera) is the sixth largest island in the world (approximately 470000 km² and is the largest island entirely in Indonesia (two
• 464: Buddhabhadra reaches China to preach Buddhism.
• 495: The Shaolin temple is built in the name of Buddhabhadra, by edict of emperor Wei Xiao Wen. The Shaolin Monastery or Shaolin Temple ( is a Chan Buddhist temple at Song Shan in Zhengzhou City Henan Province ^[3][4]
• 485: Five monks from Gandhara travel to the country of Fusang (Japan, or possibly the American continent), where they introduce Buddhism. Gandhāra ( Sanskrit: गन्धार Urdu: گندھارا Gandḥārā; also known as Waihind in Persian is the name of an ancient Fusang or Fousang (扶桑 Mandarin Pīnyīn fúsāng is a country described by the Chinese Buddhist missionary Hui Shen (慧深 Japanese For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the Continents of North America and South America
• 500s: Zen adherents enter Vietnam from China. The 6th century is the period from 501 to 600 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Zen is a school of Mahāyāna Buddhism, referred to in Chinese as Chan. Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially Jataka stories are translated into Persian by order of the Zoroastrian king, Khosrau I of Persia. The Jātaka Tales ( Sanskrit जातक and Pali, Malay: jetaka Lao: satok refer to a voluminous body of Folklore -like literature Zoroastrianism (ˌzɔroʊˈæstriəˌnɪzəm is the religion and philosophy based on the teachings Khosrau I or Khosrow I ( Chosroes I in classical sources most commonly known in Persian as Anushirvan, Persian انوشيروان meaning
• 527: Bodhidharma settles into the Shaolin monastery in Henan province of China. Biography Contemporary accounts There are two known extant accounts written by contemporaries of Bodhidharma Henan ( is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country ^[5]
• 552: Buddhism is introduced to Japan via Baekje (Korea), according to Nihonshoki; some scholars place this event in 538. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Baekje (18 BCE – 660 CE or Paekche, was a kingdom located in southwest Korea Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. The, sometimes translated as The Chronicles of Japan, is the second oldest book of classical Japanese history.
• Early 600s: Jingwan begins carving sutras onto stone at Fangshan, Yuzhou, 75 km southwest of modern-day Beijing. The 7th century is the period from 601 to 700 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Fangshan District ( Simplified Chinese: 房山区 Traditional Chinese: 房山區 Hanyu Pinyin: Fángshān Qū is situated in the southwest of Beijing Yuzhou (Simplified Chinese 禹州 pinyin Yǔzhōu is a county-level city in Xuchang, central Henan province in the People's Republic of China
• 607: A Japanese imperial envoy is dispatched to Sui, China to obtain copies of sutras. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The Sui Dynasty ( 581 - 618 AD and in the undertaking of other construction projects including the reconstruction of the Great Wall. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National
• 600s: Xuan Zang travels to India, noting the persecution of Buddhists by Sasanka (king of Gouda, a state in northwest Bengal) before returning to Chang An in China to translate Buddhist scriptures. The 7th century is the period from 601 to 700 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. See also Xuanzang (fictional character Xuanzang ( pronounced Shwan-dzang) was a famous Chinese Buddhist Monk, scholar traveler Shashanka (শশাঙ্ক Shôshangko) Shashanka the first important king of ancient Bengal, occupies a prominent place in history of the region Gouda (population 71797 in 2004 is a city and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. Etymology and ethnology The exact origin of the word Bangla or Bengal is unknown though it is believed to be derived from the Dravidian-speaking tribe Bang Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. End of sporadic Buddhist rule in the Sindh. Sindh ( Sindhī: سنڌ Urdu: سندھ is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhis. King Songtsen Gampo of Tibet sends messengers to India to get Buddhist texts. Songtsän Gampo ( Tibetan: སྲོང་བཙན་སྒམ་པོ་ Wylie: Srong-btsan Definitions of Tibet See also Definitions of Tibet Name In English The English word Tibet, like the word for Tibet in most European Latest recorded use of the Kharoṣṭhī script amongst Buddhist communities around Kucha. The Kharoṣṭhī script, also known as the Gāndhārī script, is an ancient Abugida (an alphasyllabary based on consonants with graphical variations to express Kucha or Kuche (also Kuçar, Kuchar) Uyghur ( كۇچار) Chinese Simplified 库车; Traditional 庫車
• 671: Chinese Buddhist pilgrim Yi Jing visits Palembang, capital of the partly Buddhist kingdom of Srivijaya on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, and reports over 1000 Buddhist monks in residence. Journey to Srivijaya and Nalanda Zhang Wen Ming became a monk at age 14 and was an admirer of Fa Xian and Xuanzang, both famous monks of his childhood Palembang is a city of 1286000 in the south of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. Srivijaya or Sriwijaya was an ancient Malay kingdom on the island of Sumatra, Southeast Asia which influenced much of the Malay Archipelago. Sumatra (also spelled Sumatera) is the sixth largest island in the world (approximately 470000 km² and is the largest island entirely in Indonesia (two The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. Uisang returns to Korea after studying Chinese Huayan Buddhism and founds the Hwaeom school. Uisang (625–702 was one of the most eminent early Silla Korean scholar-monks a close friend of Wonhyo (元曉 Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. Hwaeom is the name of the Korean transmission of the Huayan school of Chinese Buddhism.
• 736: Huayan is transmitted to Japan via Korea, when Rōben invites the Korean Hwaeom monk Simsang to lecture, and formally founds Japan's Kegon tradition in the Tōdaiji temple. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. (689-773 CE also known as Ryōben, was a Japanese Kegon monk Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. Hwaeom is the name of the Korean transmission of the Huayan school of Chinese Buddhism. For the Japanese waterfall see Kegon Falls. Kegon (華厳 ( or in some dialects) is the name of the Japanese transmission is a Buddhist temple complex located in the city of Nara, Japan.
• 743–754: The Chinese monk Jianzhen attempts to reach Japan eleven times, succeeding in 754 to establish the Japanese Ritsu school, which specialises in the vinaya (monastic rules). China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Jianzhen or Ganjin (鑒真 or 鑑真 688&ndash763 was a Chinese monk who helped to propagate Buddhism in Japan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. This page is about the school of Buddhism You may have meant Ritsu Sohma, the anime character The Vinaya (a word in Pāli as well as in Sanskrit, with literal meaning 'leading out' 'education' 'discipline' is the regulatory framework for the Buddhist
• 700s: Buddhist Jataka stories are translated in to Syriac and Arabic as Kalilag and Damnag. The 8th century is the period from 701 to 800 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The Jātaka Tales ( Sanskrit जातक and Pali, Malay: jetaka Lao: satok refer to a voluminous body of Folklore -like literature See Syriac (disambiguation for other uses Syriac (syr ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ leššānā Suryāyā) is an Eastern Aramaic language Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language The Panchatantra (also spelled Pañcatantra, in Sanskrit: पञ्चतन्त्र 'Five Principles' or Kalīleh o Demneh An account of Buddha's life is translated into Greek by John of Damascus and widely circulated to Christians as the story of Barlaam and Josaphat. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Chrysorrhoas redirects here For the river see Barada. Saint John of Damascus ( Arabic: يوحنا الدمشقي Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings Barlaam may refer to Barlaam of Calabria, an Italian clergyman of the 14th century Saint Barlaam, eventual companion of St By the 1300s, this story of Josaphat becomes so popular that he is made a Catholic saint. Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete".
• 700s: Under the reign of King Trisong Deutsen, Padmasambhava travels from Afghanistan to establish tantric Buddhism in Tibet (later known as the Nyingma school of Tibetan Buddhism), replacing Bonpo as the kingdom's main religion. The 8th century is the period from 701 to 800 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Trisong Detsän or Trisong Detsen ཁྲི་སྲོང་ལྡེ་བཙན (Tibetan Wylie Khri-srong-lde-btsan; ipa ʈʂʰisoŋ tetsɛ̃; PRC Padmasambhava () The Lotus Born, is said to have transmitted Tantric Buddhism to Bhutan and Tibet in the 8th century. The Nyingma tradition is the oldest of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism (the other three being the Kagyu, Sakya and Gelug) Bön ( is the oldest spiritual tradition of Tibet. Tenzin Gyatso, the fourteenth Dalai Lama, has recognized the Bön tradition as the fifth principal spiritual Buddhism quickly spreads to Sikkim and Bhutan. Sikkim ( Nepali:, also Sikhim) is a Landlocked Indian state nestled in the Himalayas It is the least populous state in India The Kingdom of Bhutan (buːˈtɑːn is a Landlocked nation in South Asia.
• c. 760: Construction is begun on Borobodur, the famous Indonesian Buddhist structure, probably as a non-Buddhist shrine. Borobudur is a ninth-century Mahayana Buddhist monument in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. It is completed as a Buddhist monument in 830, after about 50 years of work.
• 804: Under the reign of Emperor Kammu of Japan, a fleet of four ships sets sail for mainland China. (737&ndash806 was the 50th imperial ruler of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Of the two ships that arrive, one carries the monk Kūkai—recently ordained by the Japanese government as a Bhiksu—who absorbs Vajrayana teachings in Chang'an and returns to Japan to found the Japanese Shingon school. Kūkai (ja 空海 or also known posthumously as Kōbō-Daishi (ja 弘法大師 774&ndash835 CE was a Japanese monk, Scholar A Bhikkhu ( Pāli) or Bhiksu ( Sanskrit) is a fully ordained male Buddhist Monastic. Vajrayana Buddhism is also known as Tantric Buddhism, Tantrayāna, Mantrayana, Mantranaya, Secret Mantra, Esoteric Buddhism and Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. Shingon Buddhism (眞言 真言 " true words " is a major school of Japanese Buddhism, and is the other branch of Vajrayana Buddhism The other ship carries the monk Saichō, who returns to Japan to found the Japanese Tendai school, partly based upon the Chinese Tiantai tradition. (767&ndash822 was a Japanese Buddhist monk credited with founding the Tendai school in Japan based around the Chinese Tiantai tradition he was exposed History The Tiantai teaching was first brought to Japan by the Chinese monk Jianzhen (鑑眞 Jp Ganjin in the middle of the 8th century, but Tiantai (天台宗 Wade-Giles: T'ien T'ai) is one of the important sects of Buddhism in China, Korea and Japan, also called
• 838–847: Ennin, a priest of the Tendai school, travels in China for nine years. Ennin (圓仁 or 円仁 (AD 793 or 794 - 864 who is better known in Japan by his Posthumous name, Jikaku Daishi (慈覺大師 was a priest of the History The Tiantai teaching was first brought to Japan by the Chinese monk Jianzhen (鑑眞 Jp Ganjin in the middle of the 8th century, but He reaches both the famous Buddhist mountain of Wutaishan and the Chinese capital, Chang'an, keeping a detailed diary that is a primary source for this period of Chinese history, including the Buddhist persecution. Mount Wutai () also known as Wutai Mountain, located in Shanxi, China, is one of the Four Sacred Mountains in Chinese Buddhism. Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history.
• 841–846: Emperor Wuzong of the Tang Dynasty (given name: Li Yan) reigns in China; he is one of three Chinese emperors to prohibit Buddhism. Emperor Tang Wuzong (ca 810 – 846 born Li Yan, was the fifteenth emperor of the Tang dynasty of China, reigning from 840 to 846 The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by Li Yan may refer to Li Yan (Three Kingdoms, Chinese official during Three Kingdoms period Li Yan (footballer, Chinese footballer China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National From 843-845, Wuzong carries out the Great Anti-Buddhist Persecution, permanently weakening the institutional structure of Buddhism in China. The Great Anti-Buddhist Persecution initiated by Tang Emperor Wuzong reached its height in the year 845 CE.
• 9th-century Tibet: Decline of Buddhism; persecution by King Langdarma.
• 900s: Buddhist temple construction commences at Bagan, Myanmar. Bagan ( formerly Pagan, is an ancient city in the Mandalay Division of Burma. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. In Tibet, a strong Buddhist revival is begun. The Caodong school of Zen is founded by Dongshan Liangjie and his disciples in southern China. Cáodòng (characters 曹洞宗 pinyin cáodòngzōng is a Chinese Zen Buddhist sect founded by Dongshan Liangjie and his Dharma-heirs Zen is a school of Mahāyāna Buddhism, referred to in Chinese as Chan. Tung-shan Liang-chieh ( Japanese Tōzan Ryōkai) ( 806 - 869) was an ancient Chinese Ch'an ( Zen, Jap China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National
• 971: Chinese Song Dynasty commissions Chengdu woodcarvers to carve the entire Buddhist canon for printing. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms ( located in southwest People's Republic of China, is the capital of Sichuan province and a Sub-provincial city. Work is completed in 983; 130,000 blocks are produced, in total.
• 991: A printed copy of the Song Dynasty Buddhist canon arrives in Korea, impressing the government. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia.
• 1000s: Marpa, Konchog Gyalpo, Atisha, and others introduce the Sarma lineages into Tibet. Marpa Lotsawa (1012-1097 or Marpa the translator was a Tibetan Buddhist teacher credited with the transmission of many Buddhist teachings to Early life Atisha is most commonly said to have been born in the year 980 in Vajrayogini village in Bikrampur, the northeastern region of Bengal (located in
• 1009: Vietnam's Ly Dynasty begins, which is partly brought about by an alliance with the Buddhist monkhood. Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially Ly emperors patronize Mahayana Buddhism, in addition to traditional spirits. Mahayana ( Sanskrit: mahāyāna, Devanagari: महायान 'Great Vehicle' is one of the two main existing schools of Buddhism and a term for
• 1010: Korea begins carving its own woodblock print edition of the Buddhist canon. Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. No completion date is known; the canon is continuously expanded, with the arrival of new texts from China. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National
• 1017: In Southeast Asia, and especially in Sri Lanka, the Bhikkhuni (Buddhist nuns) Order dies out due to invasions. Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island The bhikkhu line in Sri Lanka is later revived with bhikkhus from Burma. Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia.
• 1025: Srivijaya, a Buddhist kingdom based in Sumatra, is raided by the Chola empire of southern India; it survives, but declines in importance. Srivijaya or Sriwijaya was an ancient Malay kingdom on the island of Sumatra, Southeast Asia which influenced much of the Malay Archipelago. Sumatra (also spelled Sumatera) is the sixth largest island in the world (approximately 470000 km² and is the largest island entirely in Indonesia (two India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Shortly after the raid, the centre of the kingdom moves northward from Palembang to Jambi-Melayu. Palembang is a city of 1286000 in the south of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. Muaro Jambi is a regency of Jambi, Indonesia. From the 4th until the 13th century it was the seat of the Hindu-Buddhist Melayu Kingdom.
• 1044–1077: In Burma, Pagan's first king Anoratha reigns. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. Bagan ( formerly Pagan, is an ancient city in the Mandalay Division of Burma. Anawrahta ( ənɔ̀ja̰tʰa reigned 1044 - 1077) also spelled Aniruddha or Anoarahtâ or Anoa-ra-htá-soa, was a ruler of the kingdom He converts the country to Theravada Buddhism with the aid of monks and books from Sri Lanka. History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island He is said to have been converted to Theravada Buddhism by a Mon monk, though other beliefs persist. History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation The Mon ( Mon language: မန် or မည် မွန်လူမျိုး‌ mùn lùmjóʊ Thai: มอญ are an Ethnic group from
• 1057: Anawrahta of Myanmar captures Thaton in northern Thailand, strengthening Theravada Buddhism in the country. Anawrahta ( ənɔ̀ja̰tʰa reigned 1044 - 1077) also spelled Aniruddha or Anoarahtâ or Anoa-ra-htá-soa, was a ruler of the kingdom Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. Thaton ( is a Town in Mon State, in southern Myanmar on the Tenasserim plains The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation
• 1063: A copy of the Khitans' printed canon arrives in Korea from mainland China. The Khitan (or Khitai,) were a Nomadic people, located in Mongolia and modern Manchuria (Northeast China from the 4th century dominating much of it Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National
• 1084–1113: In Myanmar, Pagan's second king, Kyanzittha (son of Anawrahta), reigns. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. Bagan ( formerly Pagan, is an ancient city in the Mandalay Division of Burma. King Kyanzittha ( tʃánziʔθá was king of Bagan from 1084 to 1113 Anawrahta ( ənɔ̀ja̰tʰa reigned 1044 - 1077) also spelled Aniruddha or Anoarahtâ or Anoa-ra-htá-soa, was a ruler of the kingdom He completes the building of the Shwezigon pagoda, a shrine for relics of the Buddha, including a tooth brought from Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island Various inscriptions refer to him as an incarnation of Vishnu, a chakravartin, a bodhisattva, and dharmaraja. For other meanings see Vishnu (disambiguation. Vishnu ( IAST viṣṇu Devanagari विष्णु (honorific A Chakravartin (sa चक्रवर्तिन् cakra-vartin, a Sanskrit Bahuvrihi, literally "whose wheels are moving" in the sense of In the Buddhist context a bodhisattva (बोधिसत्त्व bodhisattva;; Vietnamese Bồ Tát; बोधिसत्त bodhisatta
• 1100s: Sanskrit is subsequently written in Devanagari.
• 1100–1125: Huizong reigns during the Chinese Song Dynasty and outlaws Buddhism to promote the Dao. Emperor Huizong ( November 2, 1082 – June 4, 1135) was the eighth and one of the most famous emperors of the Song Dynasty of Taoism (pronounced /ˈdaʊɪzəm/ or /ˈtaʊɪzəm/ also spelled '''Daoism''') refers to a variety of related Philosophical and Religious traditions He is one of three Chinese emperors to have prohibited Buddhism.
• 1113: Alaungsithu reigns in Pagan, Myanmar until his son Narathu smothers him to death and assumes the throne. Alaungsithu (1112-1167 was King of Pagan, a former kingdom of Southeast Asia. Bagan ( formerly Pagan, is an ancient city in the Mandalay Division of Burma. Narathu (died 1170 was King of Pagan, a former kingdom in Southeast Asia, from 1167 until 1170
• 1133–1212: Hōnen establishes Pure Land Buddhism as an independent sect in Japan. Hōnen (法然 1133-1212 is the founder of the first independent branch of Japanese Pure Land Buddhism known as Jōdo Shū. Pure Land Buddhism ( Jìngtǔzōng; 浄土教 Jōdokyō; Korean: ko-Hang 정토종 jeongtojong; Vietnamese: 浄土宗 vi For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics.
• 1181: The self-styled bodhisattva Jayavarman VII, a devout follower of Mahayana Buddhism (though he also patronised Hinduism), assumes control of the Khmer kingdom. In the Buddhist context a bodhisattva (बोधिसत्त्व bodhisattva;; Vietnamese Bồ Tát; बोधिसत्त bodhisatta Jayavarman VII (1125 - 1215 was a king of the Khmer Empire (c Mahayana ( Sanskrit: mahāyāna, Devanagari: महायान 'Great Vehicle' is one of the two main existing schools of Buddhism and a term for Hinduism is a religious tradition that originated in the Indian subcontinent. The Khmer Empire was the largest empire of South East Asia based in what is now Cambodia. He constructs the Bayon, the most prominent Buddhist structure in the Angkor temple complex. The Bayon ( Khmer: ប្រាសាទបាយ័ន is a well-known and richly decorated Khmer temple at Angkor in Cambodia. Angkor is a name conventionally applied to the region of Cambodia serving as the seat of the Khmer empire that flourished from approximately the 9th century to This sets the stage for the later conversion of the Khmer people to Theravada Buddhism. History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation
• 1190: In Myanmar, Anawrahta's lineage regains control with the assistance of Sri Lanka. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. Anawrahta ( ənɔ̀ja̰tʰa reigned 1044 - 1077) also spelled Aniruddha or Anoarahtâ or Anoa-ra-htá-soa, was a ruler of the kingdom Pagan has been in anarchy. The new regime reforms Burmese Buddhism on Sri Lankan Theravada models. History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation
• Late 1100s: The great Buddhist educational centre at Nalanda, where various subjects were taught subjects such as Buddhism, Logic, Philosophy, Law, Medicine, Grammar, Yoga, Mathematics, Alchemy, and Astrology, is sacked. Nālandā is the name of an ancient University in Bihar, India. Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices Logic is the study of the principles of valid demonstration and Inference. Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence knowledge truth beauty justice validity mind and language Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the Grammar is the field of Linguistics that covers the Rules governing the use of any given natural language. Yoga ( Sanskrit: योग, IAST: yóga, joːgə refers to traditional physical and mental disciplines originating in India, to the Mathematics is the body of Knowledge and Academic discipline that studies such concepts as Quantity, Structure, Space and Alchemy a part of the Occult Tradition is both a philosophy and a practice with an ultimately unknown aim involving the improvement of the alchemist as well as the making of Astrology (from Greek grc ἄστρον astron, "constellation star" and grc -λογία -logia) is a group of Systems Nalanda is supported by kings of several dynasties and serves as a great international centre of learning.
• 1200s: Theravada overtakes Mahayana—previously practised alongside Hinduism—as the dominant form of Buddhism in Cambodia; Sri Lanka is an influence in this change. History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation Mahayana ( Sanskrit: mahāyāna, Devanagari: महायान 'Great Vehicle' is one of the two main existing schools of Buddhism and a term for Hinduism is a religious tradition that originated in the Indian subcontinent. The Kingdom of Cambodia ( formerly known as Kampuchea (, transliterated: Preăh Réachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchea) is a country in South East Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island In Persia, the historian Rashid al-Din records some eleven Buddhist texts circulating in Arabic translation, amongst which the Sukhavati-vyuha and Karanda-vyuha Sutras are recognizable. The Persian Empire was a series of Iranian empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland and beyond in Western Asia Rashid al-Din Tabib ( also Rashid ad-Din Fadhlullah Hamadani (1247–1318 ( was a Persian physician of Jewish origin Polymathic writer and historian Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Portions of the Samyutta and Anguttara-Nikayas, along with parts of the Maitreya-vyakarana, are identified in this collection.
• 1222: Birth of Nichiren Daishonin (1222–1282), the Japanese founder of Nichiren Buddhism. Nichiren (日蓮 ( February 16, 1222 &ndash October 13, 1282) born, later, and finally Nichiren, was a Buddhist
• c. 1238: The Thai Kingdom of Sukhothai is established, with Theravada Buddhism as the state religion. "Thai peoples" redirects here For the subgroup of the Tai see Thai people The Tai or Tai-Kadai ethnicity refers collectively to the Ethnic The Sukhothai kingdom was an early kingdom in the area around the city Sukhothai, in north central Thailand. History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation
• 1227: Dogen Zenji takes the Caodong school of Zen from China to Japan as the Soto sect. Cáodòng (characters 曹洞宗 pinyin cáodòngzōng is a Chinese Zen Buddhist sect founded by Dongshan Liangjie and his Dharma-heirs Zen is a school of Mahāyāna Buddhism, referred to in Chinese as Chan. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Sōtō-shū ( Japanese: 曹洞宗 Cáodòngzōng is one of the two major Sino - Japanese Zen sects (the other being Rinzai)
• 1244: Eiheiji Soto Zen Temple and Monastery are established by Dogen Zenji.
• 1277: Burma's Pagan empire begins to disintegrate after being defeated by Kublai Khan at the Battle of Ngasaunggyan, at Yunnan, near the Chinese border. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. Bagan ( formerly Pagan, is an ancient city in the Mandalay Division of Burma. Early years Kublai Khan studied Chinese culture and became enamoured of it The Battle of Ngasaunggyan was fought in 1277 between Kublai Khan 's Mongol Yuan Dynasty of China, and their neighbors to the China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National
• 1285: Arghun makes the Il-Khanate a Buddhist state. Arghun Khan (c 1258 &ndash March 7, 1291 was the fourth ruler of the Mongol empire's Ilkhanate, from 1284 to 1291 The Ilkhanate, also spelled Il-khanate or Il Khanate (Ил Хан улс Il Khan uls;) was a Mongol Khanate established in
• 1287: The Theravada kingdom at Pagan, Myanmar falls to the Mongols and is overshadowed by the Shan capital at Ava. History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation Bagan ( formerly Pagan, is an ancient city in the Mandalay Division of Burma. The Shan (ရှမ်းလူမျိုး ʃán lùmjóʊ) are a Tai Ethnic group of Innwa ( formerly Ava) is a city in the Mandalay Division of Burma, situated just to the south of Amarapura on the Ayeyarwady River
• c. 1279–1298: Sukhothai's third and most famous ruler, Ramkhamhaeng (Rama the Bold), reigns and makes vassals of Laos, much of modern Thailand, Pegu (Burma), and parts of the Malay Peninsula, thus giving rise to Sukhothai artistic tradition. The Sukhothai kingdom was an early kingdom in the area around the city Sukhothai, in north central Thailand. Ramkhamhaeng (c 1239 &ndash 1317 aka Pho Khun Ramkhamhaeng พ่อขุนรามคำแหงมหาราช was the third king of the Phra Ruang dynasty ruling the Laos (ˈlɑːoʊs or /ˈlaʊs/ officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic, is a Landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Burma The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj Bago, formerly Pegu, is a city and the capital of Bago Division in Burma (or Myanmar Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. The Malay Peninsula or Thai-Malay Peninsula (Semenanjung Tanah Melayu (คาบสมุทรมลายู is a major Peninsula located in Southeast After Ramkhamhaeng's death, Sukhothai loses control of its territories as its vassals become independent.
• 1295: Mongol leader Ghazan Khan is converted to Islam, ending a line of Tantric Buddhist leaders. Mahmud Ghazan or Qazaan the Khan of the Tartars (original Mongol name Ghazan Khan, Ch合贊 b For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. Vajrayana Buddhism is also known as Tantric Buddhism, Tantrayāna, Mantrayana, Mantranaya, Secret Mantra, Esoteric Buddhism and
• 1305–1316: Buddhists in Persia attempt to convert Uldjaitu Khan. The Persian Empire was a series of Iranian empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland and beyond in Western Asia
• 1321: Sojiji Soto Zen Temple and Monastery established by Keizan Zenji. Sōji-ji (總持寺 is one of two main temples of the Soto sect of Zen Buddhism.
• 1351: In Thailand, U Thong, possibly the son of a Chinese merchant family, establishes Ayutthaya as his capital and takes the name of Ramathibodi. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National King Ramathibodi I (1314 &ndash 1369 was the first king of the kingdom Ayutthaya (now part of Thailand) reigning from 1351 to 1369
• 1391–1474: Gyalwa Gendun Drubpa, first Dalai Lama of Tibet. The Dalai Lama is the spiritual and political leader of the Tibetan people according to Tibetan Buddhism. Definitions of Tibet See also Definitions of Tibet Name In English The English word Tibet, like the word for Tibet in most European
• 1405–1431: The Chinese eunuch admiral Zheng He makes seven voyages in this period, through southeast Asia, India, the Persian Gulf, East Africa, and Egypt. Zheng He ( Birth name 馬三寶 / 马三宝; Arabic / Persian name حجّي محمود شمس Hajji Mahmud Shams) (1371&ndash1433 was a Hui India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region is an extension of the This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. At the time, Buddhism is well-established in China, so visited peoples may have had exposure to Chinese Buddhism.
• 1578: Altan Khan of the Tümed gives the title of Dalai Lama to Sonam Gyatso (later known as the third Dalai Lama). Altan Khan (1507-1582 Mongolian Алтан хан whose given name was Anda, was the ruler of the Tumed Mongols and de facto ruler of the Right Wing or western The Dalai Lama is the spiritual and political leader of the Tibetan people according to Tibetan Buddhism. Sonam Gyatso ( (1543&ndash1588 was the first officially recognized Dalai Lama, although the title was retrospectively given to his two predecessors
• 1600s & 1700s: When Vietnam divides during this period, the Nguyen rulers of the south choose to support Mahayana Buddhism as an integrative ideology for the ethnically plural society of their kingdom, which is also populated by Chams and other minorities. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially Mahayana ( Sanskrit: mahāyāna, Devanagari: महायान 'Great Vehicle' is one of the two main existing schools of Buddhism and a term for The kingdom of Champa ( Chăm Pa in Vietnamese or Chiêm Thành in Hán Việt records was an Indianized kingdom and controlled what
• 1614: The Toyotomi family rebuilds a great image of Buddha at the Temple of Hōkōji in Kyōtō. (IPA /kʲoːto / is a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan.
• 1615: The Oirat Mongols convert to the Geluk school of Tibetan Buddhism. This article deals with the Oirat ethnic group For the obsolete term for the Turkic Altays see Altay people. The Gelug or Gelug-pa, also known as the Yellow Hat sect, is a school of Buddhism founded by Tsongkhapa (1357–1419 a Philosopher
• 1635: In Zanabazar, the first Jebtsundamba Khutughtu is born as a great-grandson of Abadai Khan of the Khalkha. The Khalkha Jebtsundamba Khutuktu (Жавзандамба хутагт Javzandamba Khutagt; Tibetan: རྗེ་བཙུན་དམ་པ་ Jetsun Dampa The Khalkha, or Halh (Classical Mongolian qalq-a, Khalkha Mongolian mn Халх) are a subgroup of the Mongols.
• 1642: Güüshi Khan of the Khoshuud donates the sovereignty of Tibet to the fifth Dalai Lama. The Khoshut ( Kalmyk: Хошут are one of the four major tribes of the Oirat people
• 1766–67: In Thailand, many Buddhist texts are destroyed as the Burmese invade Ayutthaya. Year 1767 ( MDCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. The kingdom of Ayutthaya (อาณาจักรอยุธยา was a Thai kingdom that existed from 1351 to 1767
• 1800s: In Thailand, King Mongkut—himself a former monk—conducts a campaign to reform and modernise the monkhood, a movement that has continued in the present century under the inspiration of several great ascetic monks from the northeast part of the country. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar Sometimes especially in Thai language documents King Mongkut might also refer to Vajiravudh (Rama VI, reigning title Phra Mongkut Klao Chaoyuhua (พระมงกุฏเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว
• 1802–20: Nguyen Anh comes to the throne of the first united Vietnam; he succeeds by quelling the Tayson rebellion in south Vietnam with help from Rama I in Bangkok, then takes over the north from the remaining Trinh. Year 1820 ( MDCCCXX) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Emperor Gia Long ( Hán tự: 嘉[[wikt 隆|隆]] 1762 &ndash 1820) born Nguyễn Phúc Ánh ( Hán tự: 阮[[wikt Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially The name of Tây Sơn ( 西[[wikt 山|山]] is used in many ways referring back to the period of Peasant rebellions and decentralized dynasties established between Posthumously Poramin Mahachakri Boromanat, Phra Buddha Yotfa Chulaloke (1736 - 1809 conventionally as Rama I. After coming to power, he creates a Confucianist orthodox state and is eager to limit the competing influence of Buddhism. Confucianism ( is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system originally developed from the teachings of the fifth century B He forbids adult men to attend Buddhist ceremonies.
• 1820–41: Minh Mang reigns in Vietnam, further restricting Buddhism. For the game see 1841 (board game. Year 1841 ( MDCCCXLI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link Minh Mạng ( Hán tự: 明[[wikt 命|命]] 1791-1841 born Nguyễn Phúc Đảm 阮[[wikt 福|福]] 膽, also known as Nguyễn Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially He insists that all monks be assigned to cloisters and carry identification documents. A cloister (from Latin claustrum) is a part of Cathedral, Monastic and Abbey architecture He also places new restrictions on printed material and begins the persecution of Catholic missionaries and converts that his successors (not without provocation) continue. Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete".
• c. 1860: In Sri Lanka, against all expectations, the monastic and lay communities bring about a major revival in Buddhism, a movement that goes hand in hand with growing nationalism; the revival follows a period of persecution by foreign powers. Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island Since then, Buddhism has flourished, and Sri Lankan monks and expatriate lay people have been prominent in spreading Theravada Buddhism in Asia, the West, and even in Africa.
• 1879: A council is convened under the patronage of King Mindon Min of Burma to re-edit the Pali canon. Mindon Min (မင်းတုန်းမင်း born Maung Lwin 8 July 1808 in Amarapura, died 1 October 1878 in Golden Pali ( ISO 15919 / ALA-LC: Pāḷi is a Middle Indo-Aryan language or Prakrit of India. The king has the texts engraved on 729 stones, which are then set upright on the grounds of a monastery near Mandalay. Mandalay is the second largest city and the last royal capital of Burma (Myanmar and is the economic and cultural hub of Upper Burma
• 1882: Jade Buddha Temple is founded in Shanghai, China, with two Jade Buddha statues imported from Burma. The Jade Buddha Temple ( literally Jade Buddha Chan Temple) is a Buddhist Temple in Shanghai, China. Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million
• 1893: The World Parliament of Religions meets in Chicago, Illinois; Anagarika Dharmapala and Soyen Shaku attend. There have been several meetings referred to as a Parliament of the World’s Religions, most notably the World's Parliament of Religions of 1893 the first attempt to create Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. Anagarika Dharmapala ( 17 September 1864 - 29 April 1933 was a leading figure in initiating two outstanding features of Buddhism in the twentieth century Soyen Shaku ( 釈 宗演, 1859 – October 29, 1919, Kamakura, Japan; sometimes written as Soen Shaku or Kogaku So’en
• 1896: Using Fa Xian's records, Nepalese archaeologists rediscover the great stone pillar of Ashoka at Lumbini. Faxian ( Traditional Chinese:法顯 Simplified Chinese:法显 Pinyin ：Fǎxiǎn also romanized as Fa-Hien or Fa-hsien) (ca Nepal (नेपाल) is a Landlocked country in South Asia. Ashoka ( Devanāgarī: अशोकः IAST: Aśokaḥ, aɕoːkə(hə Prakrit Imperial title Devanampriya Priyadarsi Lumbini ( Sanskrit: sa लुम्बिनी "the lovely" is a Buddhist pilgrimage site in the Kapilavastu district of Nepal
• 1899: Gordon Douglas is ordained in Myanmar; he is the first Westerner to be ordained in the Theravada tradition. Gordon Douglas may refer to Gordon Douglas (director (1907&ndash1993 American film director Gordon Douglas (monk, the first Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation
• 1922: Zenshuji Soto Mission is founded as the first Soto Zen temple in North America. Zenshuji Soto Mission, established in 1922 in the Little Tokyo section of Los Angeles California, was the first Soto Zen Buddhist temple in
• 1930: Soka Gakkai is founded in Japan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics.
• 1949: Mahabodhi Temple in Bodh Gaya is returned to partial Buddhist control. The Mahabodhi Temple (Literally "Great Awakening Temple" is a Buddhist temple in Bodh Gaya, the location where Siddhartha Gautama, the WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Bodh Gaya or Bodhgaya (Hindi बोधगया is a city in Gaya district in the
• 1950: World Fellowship of Buddhists is founded in Colombo, Sri Lanka. The World Fellowship of Buddhists (WFB is arguably the largest and most influential international Buddhist organization
• 1954: The Sixth Buddhist Council is held in Yangon, Myanmar, organized by U Nu. The Sixth Buddhist Council (Chaṭṭha Saṅgāyana as it styled itself was a general council of Theravada Buddhism held in Kaba Aye in Yangon (Rangoon U Nu (ဦးနု ú nṵ otherwise known as Thakin Nu 25 May 1907 – 14 February 1995) was a leading Burmese Nationalist It ends in time for the 2500th anniversary of the passing of the Buddha.
• 1956: Indian untouchable leader B.R. Ambedkar converts to Buddhism, with more than 350,000 followers—beginning the modern Neo-Buddhist movement. Dalit is a self designation for group of people of South Asian descent who were traditionally regarded as untouchables or low Caste. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar ( Marathi:डॊभीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर ( April 14, 1891 — December 6, 1956 The Dalit Buddhist movement ( Pāli नवयान navayāna as dubbed by certain Ambedkerites in India began with support of Sri Lankan Buddhist monks
• 1956: The Zen Studies Society is founded in New York to support the work of D.T. Suzuki. The Zen Studies Society was established in 1956 by Cornelius Crane to help assist the scholar Daisetz Teitaro Suzuki in his work and to help promulgate Zen Buddhism New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous
• 1957: Caves near the summit of Pai-tai mountain, Fangshan district, 75km southwest of Beijing, are reopened, revealing thousands of Buddhist sutras that had been carved onto stone since the 7th century. Fangshan District ( Simplified Chinese: 房山区 Traditional Chinese: 房山區 Hanyu Pinyin: Fángshān Qū is situated in the southwest of Beijing Seven sets of rubbings are made, and the stones are numbered, in work that continues until 1959.
• 1959: Together with some 100,000 Tibetans, the 14th Dalai Lama flees the Chinese occupation of Tibet and establishes an exile community in India. The Dalai Lama is the spiritual and political leader of the Tibetan people according to Tibetan Buddhism. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Definitions of Tibet See also Definitions of Tibet Name In English The English word Tibet, like the word for Tibet in most European The Chinese invaders completely destroy all but a handful of monasteries and severely persecute Buddhist practitioners.
• 1962: The San Francisco Zen Center is founded by Shunryu Suzuki. San Francisco Zen Center (SFZC aka "Zen Center" or Beginner's Mind Temple, is a network of affiliated Soto Zen practice and retreat Shunryu Suzuki (鈴木 俊隆 Suzuki Shunryū, dharma name Shōgaku Shunryū 祥岳俊隆 ( May 18, 1904 - December 4, 1971
• 1963: Thích Quảng Đức immolates himself to protest the oppression of the Buddhist religion by Ngo Dinh Diem. (tʰɪ̌t kwɐ̂ːŋ ɗɨ̌k born Lâm Văn Tức in 1897 – died June 11 1963 was a Vietnamese Mahayana Buddhist
• 1965: The Burmese government arrests over 700 monks in Hmawbi, near Rangoon, for refusing to accept government rule. Yangon (also known as Rangoon) is the largest city and a former capital of Burma.
• 1966: The World Buddhist Sangha Council is convened by Theravadins in Sri Lanka with the hope of bridging differences and working together. The World Buddhist Sangha Council (WBSC is an international non-government organisation ( NGO) whose objectives are to develop the exchanges of the Buddhist History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island The first convention is attended by leading monks from many countries and sects, Mahayana as well as Theravada. Mahayana ( Sanskrit: mahāyāna, Devanagari: महायान 'Great Vehicle' is one of the two main existing schools of Buddhism and a term for History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation Nine Basic Points Unifying the Theravada and Mahayana are written by Ven. The Basic Points Unifying the Theravāda and the Mahāyāna is an important Buddhist Ecumenical statement created in 1967 during the First Congress of Walpola Rahula are approved unanimously:
  1. The Buddha is our only Master. The venerable Prof Walpola Sri Rahula Maha Thera (1907-1997 was a Buddhist monk Scholar and Writer. Siddhārtha Gautama ( Sanskrit; Pali: Siddhattha Gotama) was a spiritual Teacher from Ancient India and the founder
  2. We take refuge in the Buddha, the Dhamma, and the Sangha (see Three Jewels). The Three Jewels, also called the Three Treasures, the Three Refuges, or the Triple Gem, are the three things that Buddhists take refuge
  3. We do not believe that this world is created and ruled by a God. God is the principal or sole Deity in Religions and other belief systems that worship one deity.
  4. We consider that the purpose of life is to develop compassion for all living beings, without discrimination, and to work for their good, happiness, and peace; and to develop wisdom leading to the realization of Ultimate Truth. Compassion is a profound human Emotion prompted by the pain of others
  5. We accept the Four Noble Truths—namely Dukkha, the Arising of Dukkha, the Cessation of Dukkha, and the Path leading to the Cessation of Dukkha—and the law of cause and effect (Pratitya-samutpada). Background Why the Buddha is said to have taught in this way is illuminated by the social context of the time in which he lived Dukkha ( Pāli दुक्ख Sanskrit दुःख duḥkha; according to grammatical tradition derived from dus-kha "uneasy" The doctrine of pratītyasamutpāda (Sanskrit paticcasamuppāda; rten
  6. All conditioned things (sa. mskaara) are impermanent (anitya) and dukkha, and that all conditioned and unconditioned things (dharma) are without self (anaatma). Impermanence ( Sanskrit: अनित्य anitya; Pāli: अनिच्चा anicca; Tibetan: མི་​རྟག་​པ་ Dukkha ( Pāli दुक्ख Sanskrit दुःख duḥkha; according to grammatical tradition derived from dus-kha "uneasy" The Sanskrit term ( Devanāgarī: धर्म Pali transliteration dhamma) is an Indian spiritual and religious In Buddhist philosophy, anatta ( Pāli) or anātman ( Sanskrit) refers to the notion of "not-self"
  7. We accept the Thirty-seven Qualities conducive to Enlightenment (bodhipak. sa-dharma) as different aspects of the Path taught by the Buddha leading to Enlightenment.
  8. There are three ways of attaining bodhi or Enlightenment: namely, as a disciple (sraavaka); as a Pratyeka-Buddh; and as a Samyak-sam-Buddha (perfectly and Fully Enlightened Buddha). Bodhi (बोधि is both the Pāli and Sanskrit word traditionally translated into English as "enlightenment We accept it as the highest, noblest, and most heroic thing to follow the career of a Bodhisattva and to become a Samyak-sam-Buddha in order to save others.
  9. We admit that in different countries, there are differences regarding Buddhist beliefs and practices. These external forms and expressions should not be confused with the essential teachings of the Buddha.
• 1970s: Indonesian Archaeological Service and UNESCO restore Borobodur. United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established on November 16 Borobudur is a ninth-century Mahayana Buddhist monument in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia.
• 1973: The first vajrayana Buddhism centers are established in Europe by Lama Ole Nydahl. Vajrayana Buddhism is also known as Tantric Buddhism, Tantrayāna, Mantrayana, Mantranaya, Secret Mantra, Esoteric Buddhism and Ole Nydahl (born March 19 1941 near Copenhagen, Denmark) is a controversial Buddhist lay teacher
• 1974: The Naropa Institute (now Naropa University) is founded in Boulder, Colorado. Naropa University is a private Liberal arts University in Boulder, Colorado, the United States, which was founded in 1974 Boulder is a Home Rule Municipality that is the County seat and most populous city of Boulder County, Colorado, in the United States
• 1974: In Burma, during demonstrations at U Thant's funeral, 600 monks are arrested and several are bayoneted by government forces. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. U Thant (ဦးသန့် 22 January 1909 &ndash 25 November 1974) was a Burmese Diplomat and the third Secretary-General
• 1975: Lao Communist rulers attempt to change attitudes to religion—in particular, calling on monks to work, not beg. Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based This causes many to return to lay life, but Buddhism remains popular.
• 1975: The Insight Meditation Society is established in Barre, Massachusetts. The Insight Meditation Society (IMS is a Buddhist organization located in Barre Massachusetts. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States.
• 1975–79: Cambodian communists under Pol Pot try to completely destroy Buddhism, and very nearly succeed. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) Saloth Sar ( May 19, 1925 – April 15, 1998) also known as Pol Pot, was leader of the Communist movement known as By the time of the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia in 1978, nearly every monk and religious intellectual has been either murdered or driven into exile, and nearly every temple and Buddhist library has been destroyed. The Sino–Vietnamese War, also known as the Third Indochina War, was a brief but bloody border war fought in 1979 between the People's Republic of China (PRC
• 1976: Following a demonstration in Burma, the government seeks to discredit the critical monk La Ba by claiming that he is a cannibal and a murderer. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia.
• 1978: In Burma, more monks and novices are arrested, disrobed, and imprisoned by the government. Monasteries are closed and property seized. The critical monk U Nayaka is arrested and dies, the government claiming it is suicide.
• 1980: The Burmese military government asserts authority over the sangha, and violence against monks continues through the decade. This article concerns the concept of Sangha in Buddhism. For information on other senses see Sangha (disambiguation.
• 1983: The Shanghai Institute of Buddhism is established at Jade Buddha Temple, under the Shanghai Buddhist Association. The Jade Buddha Temple ( literally Jade Buddha Chan Temple) is a Buddhist Temple in Shanghai, China.
• 1988: During the 1988 uprising, SPDC troops gun down monks. After the uprising, U Nyanissara, a senior monk, records a tape that discusses democracy in Buddhist precepts; the tape is banned.
• 1990, August 27: Over 7000 monks meet in Mandalay, in Burma, to call for a boycott of the military. Events 479 BC - Greco-Persian Wars: Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan Mandalay is the second largest city and the last royal capital of Burma (Myanmar and is the economic and cultural hub of Upper Burma Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. They refuse to accept alms from military families or perform services for them. The military government seizes monasteries and arrests hundreds of monks, including senior monks U Sumangala and U Yewata. The monks face long-term imprisonment, and all boycotting monks are disrobed; some monks are tortured during interrogation.
• 1992: The Buddha Statue in Hyderabad, India is installed, a work of former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, Late Sri N.T. Rama Rao. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao ( Telugu:నందమూరి తారక రామా రావు( 28 May 1923 – 18 January 1996 The 16-meter tall, 350-ton monolithic colossus rises high from the placid waters of picturesque Husain Sagar Lake. Hussain Sagar is a Lake in Hyderabad India built by Hazrat Hussain Shah Wali in 1562, during the rule of Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah It is made of white granite, finely sculptured and stands majestically amidst the shimmering waters of the lake. It is later consecrated by Dalai Lama. The Dalai Lama is the spiritual and political leader of the Tibetan people according to Tibetan Buddhism.
• 1996, India: The Bhikkhuni (Buddhist nuns) Order and lineage is revived in Sarnath, India through the efforts of Sakyadhita, an International Buddhist Women Association. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The revival is done with some resistance from some of the more literal interpreters of the Buddhist Vinaya (monastic code) and lauded by others in the community.
• 1998, January 25: Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) terrorists commit a deadly suicide attack on Sri Lanka's most sacred Buddhist site and a UNESCO World Heritage centre: the Temple of the Tooth, where Buddha's tooth relic is enshrined. Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate "LTTE" redirects here For the Led Zeppelin bootleg see Listen to This Eddie. United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established on November 16 The Sri Dalada Maligawa or The Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic is a Temple in the city of Kandy in Sri Lanka. Eight civilians are killed and 25 others are injured and significant damage is done to the temple structure, which was first constructed in 1592 AD.
• 2000, January: The Sasanarakkha Buddhist Sanctuary, a training facility for Theravada monks, is founded in Malaysia. Sasanarakkha Buddhist Sanctuary (SBS is a Buddhist temple in Taiping, Malaysia. Theravada Buddhism had existed in Malaysia for centuries among the Thai ethnic community that lived along the peninsula's northern border with Thailand For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and
• 2001, May: Two of the world's tallest ancient Buddha statues, the Buddhas of Bamyan, are completely destroyed by the Taliban in Bamyan, Afghanistan. The Buddhas of Bamyan ( - but hay-e bamiyaan) were two monumental statues of standing Buddhas carved into the side of a cliff in the Bamyan valley The Taliban ( طالبان, also anglicised as Taleban; translation "students" is a Sunni Islamist, predominately For the province see Bamyan Province. Bamyan ( is the capital of Bamyan Province and the largest town in Hazarajat, central Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت,
• 2004, April: In Sri Lanka, Buddhist monks acting as candidates for the Jaathika Hela Urumaya party win nine seats in elections. Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island The Jathika Hela Urumaya (often approximated in English as National Heritage Party) is a Political party in Sri Lanka which is led by Buddhist
• 2006, November: In the United States, two Buddhists are elected for the first time to the 110th Congress. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The 2006 United States midterm elections were held on Tuesday November 7 2006.
• 2007 (September) Thousands of Burmese Buddhist monks and nuns protest against the military regime; the military regime responds with a bloody crackdown. Thousands are arrested, and hundreds flee to Thailand and India; the death toll is in the hundreds.
• 2007, October 17: The U. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost S. Congress presents the 14th Dalai Lama with the U. S. Congressional Gold Medal and meets in public with President George W. Bush. George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States.
• 2008 (March): Tibetan monks protest in Lhasa, and many Tibetans join in calling for the end of Chinese rule. Many Chinese businesses are attacked and burned. The Chinese respond by sending in troops and ordering a strict lockdown of the capital city of Lhasa. Many Tibetans are killed, with the death toll maybe over a hundred. Outraged, thousands of exiled Tibetans around the world protest.

Notes

1. ^ INDOLOGY - The Dating of the Historical Buddha: A Review Article
2. ^ Baldev Kumar (1973). Exact source needed!
3. ^ Kungfu History at EasternMartialArts.com
4. ^ Canzonieri, Salvatore (February–March 1998). "History of Chinese Martial Arts: Jin Dynasty to the Period of Disunity". Han Wei Wushu 3 (9).  
5. ^ [1] The Art of Shaolin Kung Fu: The Secrets of Kung Fu for Self-Defense, Health and Enlightenment by Grandmaster Wong Kiew Kit

See also

• History of Buddhism
• History of Hinduism
• Timeline of Jainism
• Timeline of Zen Buddhism in the United States

External links

• Theravada Buddhist Chronology
• Asakawa, K and Lodge, Henry Cabot (Ed. The History of Buddhism spans the 6th century BCE to the present starting with the birth of the Buddha Siddhartha Gautama. Hinduism is an umbrella term for a wide variety of related religious traditions native to India. Timeline of Jainism Prehistory Jainism is one of the oldest religions of India Below is a timeline of important events regarding Zen Buddhism in the United States. ). Japan From the Japanese Government History. (In Progress at Project Gutenberg)
• Buddhist Bark Texts Found, BuddhaNet. Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as PG, is a volunteer effort to Digitize, archive and distribute Cultural works
• A Buddhist Time-line
• Rock cut canon in China

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