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For other uses, see Time capsule (disambiguation).

A time capsule is a historic cache of goods and/or information, usually intended as a method of communication with people in the future. Communication is the process of conveying information from a sender to a receiver with the use of a medium in which the communicated information is understood the same way Time capsules are sometimes created and buried during celebrations such as a World Fair, cornerstone laying for a building or other event. Expo (short for "exposition" and also known as World Fair and World's Fair) is the name given to various large public exhibitions held since the The cornerstone (or foundation stone) concept is derived from the first stone set in the construction of a masonry foundation, important since all other stones will They can also be unintended caches such as at Pompeii. Pompeii is a ruined and partially buried Roman town-city near modern Naples and Caserta in the Italian region of Campania, in The phrase "time capsule" has been in use since about 1937, but the idea is as old as the earliest human civilizations in Mesopotamia. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Mesopotamia (from the Greek meaning "land between the rivers" is an area geographically located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers largely corresponding

Contents

Background

The Helium Centennial Time Columns Monument located in Amarillo (Texas) holds 4 time capsules in stainless steel, that should be opened after a duration of 25, 50, 100, and 1000 years after they were locked in 1968. [1]
The Helium Centennial Time Columns Monument located in Amarillo (Texas) holds 4 time capsules in stainless steel, that should be opened after a duration of 25, 50, 100, and 1000 years after they were locked in 1968. Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. [1]

Time capsules can be classified into two types: intentional and unintentional. Intentional time capsules are placed on purpose and are usually intended to be opened at a particular future date. Unintentional time capsules are usually archaeological in nature. Discoveries of cultural significance are often found in standard archaeological digs as well as those from volcanic eruptions such as Pompeii and Vesuvius. Pompeii is a ruined and partially buried Roman town-city near modern Naples and Caserta in the Italian region of Campania, in Mount Vesuvius (in Italian Monte Vesuvio and in Latin Mons Vesuvius) is an active Stratovolcano east of Naples The concept of time capsules is not recent. In the Epic of Gilgamesh, among humanity's earliest literary works, it began with instructions on how to find a box of copper inside a foundation stone in the great walls of Uruk, and in the box was Gilgamesh's tale, written on a lapis tablet. The Epic of Gilgamesh is an epic poem from Ancient Mesopotamia and is among the earliest known works of literary fiction. Uruk ( URU UNUG, Sumerian: unug Akkadian: uruk) from the Akkadian rendering of the Sumerian Toponym 'unug' is modern A stele (from Greek:, stēlē, ˈstiːli plural stelae,, stēlai, ˈstiːlaɪ also found Latinised singular stela There were other time capsules 5,000 years ago as vaults of artifacts hidden inside the walls of Mesopotamian cities.

What is now thought of as a "time capsule" has more recent origins. In 1937, during preparations for the 1939 New York World's Fair, it was suggested to bury a "time bomb" for 5,000 years (until 6939)—the less inflammatory name of "time capsule" was suggested, and the name has stuck since. The 1939-40 New York World's Fair, Flushing Meadows-Corona Park (also the location of the 1964-1965 New York World's Fair) was one of the largest The 1939 New York World's Fair time capsule was created by Westinghouse as part of their exhibit, measuring 90", 800 pounds, and had an interior diameter of 6. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 5 inches. Westinghouse named the copper, chromium and silver alloy "Cupaloy", claiming it had the same strength of mild steel. The Westinghouse Time Capsules are two Time capsules prepared by the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company: "Time Capsule I" created It contained everyday items such as a spool of thread and doll, a Book of Record (description of the capsule and its creators), a vial of staple food crop seeds, a microscope and a 15-minute RKO Pathe Pictures newsreel. Microfilm spools condensed the contents of a Sears Roebuck catalog, dictionary, almanac, and other texts. This first modern time capsule was followed in 1965 by a second capsule at the same site, but 10 feet to the north of the original. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Both capsules are buried 50 feet below Flushing Meadows Park, site of the Fair. Flushing Meadows–Corona Park, often referred to as Flushing Meadow Park or Flushing Meadows Park, is located in northern Queens, New York City Both the 1939 and 1965 Westinghouse Time Capsules are meant to be opened in 6939. The Westinghouse Time Capsules are two Time capsules prepared by the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company: "Time Capsule I" created More recently, in 1985, Westinghouse created a smaller, Plexiglas shell to be buried beneath the New York Marriott Marquis hotel, in the heart of New York's theater district. However, this time capsule was never put in place.

The Crypt of Civilization (1936) at Oglethorpe University, scheduled to be opened in 8113, is generally regarded to be the first successful implementation of a modern time capsule, although it was not called a time capsule at the time. The Crypt of Civilization is a special sealed airtight chamber at Oglethorpe University, Atlanta, Georgia, of artifacts preserved for people of the year Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Oglethorpe University is a private liberal arts college in Atlanta Georgia, United States. The 9th millennium is a period of time that will begin on January 1, 8001 and will end on December 31, 9000

Currently, four time capsules are "buried" in space. The two Pioneer Plaques and the two Voyager Golden Records have been attached to spacecraft for the possible benefit of spacefarers in the distant future. The Pioneer plaques are a pair of Gold anodized Aluminum plaques which were placed on board the 1972 Pioneer 10 and 1973 The Voyager Golden Record is a Phonograph record included in the two Voyager Spacecraft launched in 1977 A fifth time capsule, the KEO satellite, will be launched in 2009 or 2010, carrying individual messages from Earth's inhabitants addressed to earthlings around the year 52,000, when KEO will return to Earth. For the Cypriot company see KEO Ltd The KEO satellite is a Satellite space Time capsule This article is about the year For the film see 2009 Lost Memories. For the film see 2010 The Year We Make Contact. For the book see 2010 Odyssey Two.

The International Time Capsule Society was created to maintain a global database of all existing time capsules. The International Time Capsule Society (ITCS, headquartered at Oglethorpe University in Atlanta Georgia, is an organization established to promote the study of

Criticism

According to time capsule historian William Jarvis, most intentional time capsules usually do not provide much useful historical information. They are typically filled with "useless junk", new and pristine in condition, that tells little about the people of the time. By comparison, Pompeii contains a wealth of material about daily life, such as graffiti on walls, food in hearths and the remains of people trapped under volcanic ash. Pompeii is a ruined and partially buried Roman town-city near modern Naples and Caserta in the Italian region of Campania, in Graffiti (singular graffito; the plural is used as a Mass noun) is the name for images or lettering scratched scrawled painted or marked in any manner on property Many time capsules today contain only artifacts of limited value to future historians. Historians suggest that items which describe the daily lives of the people who created them, such as personal notes, pictures, and documents, would greatly increase the value of the time capsule to future historians.

If time capsules have a museum-like goal of preserving the culture of a particular time and place for study, they fulfill this goal very poorly in that they, by definition, are kept sealed for a particular length of time. Subsequent generations between the launch date and the target date will have no direct access to the artifacts and therefore these generations are prevented from learning from the contents directly. Therefore, time capsules can be seen, in respect to their usefulness to historians, as poorly implemented museums.

Historians also concede that there are many preservation issues surrounding the selection of the media to transmit this information to the future. Historic preservation or heritage conservation is a professional endeavor that seeks to preserve the ability of older (e Some of these issues include the obsolescence of technology and the deterioration of electronic and magnetic storage media, and possibly language problems if the capsule is dug up in the far future. Many buried time capsules are lost, as interest in them fades and the exact location is forgotten, or are destroyed within a few years by groundwater. A proposed deep time capsule The Ozymandias Project would address these issues.

See also

References

External links

Oglethorpe University is a private liberal arts college in Atlanta Georgia, United States. The Internet Archive ( IA) is a Nonprofit organization dedicated to maintaining an on-line Library and archive of Web and

Dictionary

time capsule

-noun

  1. a sealed container, buried at some location, that contains records of contemporary life - to be rediscovered in the distant future
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