| Tevere | |
|---|---|
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| Origin | Mount Fumaiolo |
| Mouth | Tyrrhenian Sea |
| Basin countries | Italy |
| Length | 405 km |
| Source elevation | 1,268 m |
| Avg. Mount Fumaiolo is a Mountain in Romagna, in the northern Apennines range of Italy. The Tyrrhenian Sea (Mar Tirreno is part of the Mediterranean Sea off of the western coast of Italy. A drainage basin is an extent of Land where Water from Rain or Snow melt drains downhill into a body of water such as a River, Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest discharge | 267 m³/s (in Rome) |
| Basin area | 17,375 km² |
The Tiber (Latin Tiberis, Italian Tevere) is the third-longest river in Italy, rising in the Apennine mountains of Tuscany and flowing 406 kilometres through Umbria and Lazio to the Tyrrhenian Sea. In Hydrology, the discharge or outflow of a River is the volume of Water transported by it in a certain amount of time Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. "Riverine" redirects here For the use of that term in Maritime geography, see there Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Tuscany (Toscana is a region in Italy. It has an area of 22990 km² and a population of about 3 Umbria is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. The capital is Perugia. For the football club see SS Lazio Lazio ( Latium in Latin) is a regione of central The Tyrrhenian Sea (Mar Tirreno is part of the Mediterranean Sea off of the western coast of Italy. It drains a basin estimated at 18,000 km². The river has achieved lasting fame as the main watercourse of the city of Rome, founded on its eastern banks. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2
There are on the Tiber — in addition to numerous modern bridges — several ancient bridges (now mostly pedestrian-only) that survived in part (e. A bridge is a Structure built to span a Gorge, Valley, Road, railroad track, River, Body of water Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC g. , the Milvian Bridge and the Ponte Sant'Angelo) or in whole (Fabricius' Bridge). The Milvian (or Mulvian) Bridge (Ponte Molle or Ponte Milvio Latin: pons Milvius or pons Mulvius) in northern Rome Ponte Sant'Angelo, once the Aelian Bridge or Pons Aelius meaning the Bridge of Hadrian, is a bridge in Rome, constructed between 134-139 The Pons Fabricius (Italian Ponte Fabricio ("Fabricius' Bridge" or Ponte Quattro Capi) is the oldest bridge in Rome that is still in use
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Physical characteristics
The river rises at Mount Fumaiolo in central Italy and flows in a generally southerly direction past Perugia and Rome to meet the sea at Ostia. Mount Fumaiolo is a Mountain in Romagna, in the northern Apennines range of Italy. Perugia is the capital City of the region of Umbria in central Italy, near the Tiber river and the capital of the Province of Perugia Ostia is a large neighborhood in the XIII Municipio of the comune of Rome, Italy. Popularly called flavus ("the blond"), in reference to the yellowish colour of its water, the Tiber has heavily advanced at the mouth by about 3 km since Roman times, leaving the ancient port of Ostia Antica 6 km inland. Ostia Antica was the Harbour of Ancient Rome and perhaps its first colonia. [1][2] However, it does not form a proportional delta, owing to a strong north-flowing sea current close to the shore, to the steep shelving of the coast, and to slow tectonic subsidence. A delta is a Landform where the mouth of a River flows into an Ocean, Sea, Estuary, Lake or another river
Name and legends
It is probable that the name Tiber is pre-Latin, like the Roman name of Tibur (modern Tivoli). Tivoli, the classical Tibur, is an ancient Italian town in Lazio, about 30 km from Rome, at the falls of the Aniene river where it It may be Etruscan or Italic in origin, possibly akin to the Celtic root-word dubr, "water". The Etruscan Language was spoken and written by the Etruscan civilization in the ancient region of Etruria (modern Tuscany plus western The Italic subfamily is a member of the Indo-European language family's Centum branch [3]
The legendary king Tiberinus Silvius, or Thebris, ninth in the king-list of Alba Longa, was said to have drowned in the Albula River, which was subsequently renamed in his honour. See also Tiberinus (god Tiberinus Silvius ('the Tiber's child born in the woods' was the ninth in the legendary king-list of the city Alba Longa in Lazio Alba Longa (in Italian sources occasionally written Albalonga) was an ancient city of Latium in central Italy southeast of Rome in the Alban [3] The myth may have explained a memory of an earlier, perhaps pre-Indo-European name for the river, "white" (alba) with sediment. According to the legend, Jupiter made him a god and guardian spirit of the river (also called Volturnus, "rolling water"). In Roman mythology, Jupiter was the king of the gods and the god of Sky and Thunder. This gave rise to the standard Roman depiction of the river as a powerfully built reclining river god, also named Tiberinus, with streams of water flowing from his hair and beard. A water deity is a Deity in Mythology associated with Water or various bodies of water. See also Tiberinus Silvius Tiberinus is a figure in Roman mythology. [4] The River Tiber was also believed to be the river into which Romulus and Remus (the former founded Rome) were thrown as infants. Romulus (c 771 BC– c 717 BC and Remus (c 771 BC–c 753 BC are the traditional founders of Rome, appearing in Roman mythology
History
According to legend, the city of Rome was founded in 753 BC on the banks of the Tiber about 25 km from the sea at Ostia. The island Isola Tiberina in the center of Rome, between Trastevere and the ancient center, was the site of an important ancient ford and was later bridged. The Tiber Island (Isola Tiberina Latin: Insula Tiberina) is a boat-shaped Island which has long been associated with Healing. Trastevere is rione XIII of Rome, on the west bank of the Tiber, south of Vatican City. Legend says Rome's founders, the twin brothers Romulus and Remus, were abandoned on its waters, where they were rescued by a she-wolf. Romulus (c 771 BC– c 717 BC and Remus (c 771 BC–c 753 BC are the traditional founders of Rome, appearing in Roman mythology
The river marked the boundary between the lands of the Etruscans to the west, the Sabines to the east and the Latins to the south. Etruscan civilization is the modern English name given to the culture and way of life of a people of ancient Italy The Sabines ( Latin Sabini, Singular Sabinus) were an Italic tribe that lived in ancient Italy, inhabiting Latin is the name of various peoples or ethnicities related to the Latium region in the Italian Peninsula, to the Latin language, or to its descendants Benito Mussolini, born in Romagna, adjusted the boundary between Tuscany and Emilia-Romagna, so that the springs of the Tiber would lie in Romagna. Romagna is an Italian historical region that approximately corresponds to the south-eastern portion of present-day Emilia-Romagna. Tuscany (Toscana is a region in Italy. It has an area of 22990 km² and a population of about 3 Emilia-Romagna is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. The capital is Bologna. Mussolini placed an antique Roman column at the point where the river arises, inscribed QUI NASCE IL TEVERE SACRO AI DESTINI DI ROMA ("Here is born the Tiber, sacred to the destinies of Rome").
The Tiber was critically important to Roman trade and commerce, as ships could reach as far as 100 km upriver; there is evidence that it was used to ship grain from the Val Teverina as long ago as the 5th century BC. [1] It was later used to ship stone, timber and foodstuffs to Rome.
During the Punic Wars of the 3rd century BC, the harbour at Ostia became a key naval base. The Punic Wars were a series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage between 264 and 146 BC and were probably the largest wars yet of the ancient Ostia Antica was the Harbour of Ancient Rome and perhaps its first colonia. It later became Rome's most important port, where wheat, olive oil, and wine were imported from Rome's colonies around the Mediterranean. Wheat ( Triticum spp is a worldwide cultivated grass from the Levant area of the Middle East. Olive oil is a fruit oil obtained from the olive ( Olea europaea; family Oleaceae along with Lilacs Jasmine and ash trees Wine is an Alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of Grape juice [1] Wharves were also built along the riverside in Rome itself, lining the riverbanks around the Campus Martius area. For the pioneer fortification at Marietta Ohio see Campus Martius Marietta For the park in Detroit Michigan, see Campus Martius Park The Romans connected the river with a sewer system (the Cloaca Maxima) and with an underground network of tunnels and other channels, to bring its water into the middle of the city. The Cloaca Maxima was one of the world's earliest Sewage systems
The heavy sedimentation of the river made it difficult to maintain Ostia, prompting the emperors Claudius and Trajan to establish a new port on the Fiumicino in the 1st century AD. Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus or Claudius I ( August 1, 10 BC &ndash October 13, AD 54 ( Tiberius Claudius Drusus from birth to Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, commonly known as Trajan ( September 18 53 &ndash August 9 117) was a Roman Emperor who They built a new road, the via Portuensis, to connect Rome with Fiumicino, leaving the city by Porta Portese ('the port gate'). Via Portuensis was an ancient Roman road leading to the Portus constructed by Claudius on the right bank of the Tiber, at its mouth Porta Portese is a gate in Rome, Italy. The gate was built in 1644 as part of the Janiculum Walls commissioned by Pope Urban VIII Both ports were eventually abandoned due to silting.
Several popes attempted to improve navigation on the Tiber in the 17th and 18th century, with extensive dredging continuing into the 19th century. History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and Trade was boosted for a while but by the 20th century silting had resulted in the river only being navigable as far as Rome itself. [1]
The Tiber was once notorious for its floods — the Campus Martius is a flood plain and would regularly flood to a depth of several metres. ||-||-||-||-||-||-||-||}A floodplain, or flood plain, is flat or nearly flat land adjacent to a Stream or River that experiences occasional or periodic The river is now confined between high stone embankments which were begun in 1876.
Because the river is identified with Rome, the term "swimming the Tiber" has come to be the Protestant shorthand term for converting to Roman Catholicism. Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. This is most common if the person who converts had been Anglican, the reverse of which is referred to as "Swimming the Thames. Anglicanism is a tradition of Christian faith Churches in this tradition either have historical connections to the Church of England or have similar beliefs The Thames ( is a major River flowing through southern England. "
Popular culture
The popular real-time strategy videogame series Command and Conquer features an extraterrestial mineral called "Tiberium"; the meteor by which it arrived at Earth crashed near the Tiber River. Command & Conquer (often abbreviated as C&C or CNC) is a Video game franchise, mostly of the Extraterrestrial life is Life originating outside of the Earth. A mineral is a naturally occurring substance formed through geological processes that has a characteristic chemical composition a highly ordered atomic structure and specific Tiberium is a Fictional Crystalline substance of extra-terrestrial origins featured prominently in the Tiberium story arc of the Command
References
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