| Thomas Rotherham | ||
| Archbishop of York | ||
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| Portrait of Thomas Rotherham from "Historic Notices of Rotherham", by John Guest,1879 | ||
| Enthroned | {{{began}}} | |
|---|---|---|
| Ended | May 29, 1500 | |
| Predecessor | Lawrence Booth | |
| Successor | Thomas Savage | |
| Consecration | translated July 7, 1480 | |
| Birth name | Thomas Rotherham | |
| Born | August 24, 1423 Rotherham, South Yorkshire |
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| Died | May 29, 1500 Cawood Palace |
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| Buried | York Minster | |
Thomas Rotherham, also known as Thomas (Scot) de Rotherham (August 24, 1423 – May 29, 1500), was an English cleric and statesman. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Lawrence Booth (c 1420 – 1480 was Bishop of Durham and then Archbishop of York. Thomas Savage (1463&ndash1508 was an English Clergyman On 3 December 1492 he was nominated Bishop of Rochester. Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River Rotherham ( is a large town in South Yorkshire, England. It lies on the River Don, close to its confluence with the River Rother, between Divisions and environs South Yorkshire is divided into four local government districts they are the City of Sheffield, the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the York Minster is a Gothic Cathedral in York, England and is the second largest of its kind in Northern Europe (largest is the Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland A cleric ( Ancient Greek κληρικός - klērikos clergyman (pl A statesman or stateswoman or statesperson is usually a Politician or other notable figure of State who has had a long and respected career in
Contents |
Life
Born in Rotherham, South Yorkshire, Thomas was the eldest son of Sir Thomas Rotherham, of Brookgate in Rotherham, and his wife, Alice Scot. Rotherham ( is a large town in South Yorkshire, England. It lies on the River Don, close to its confluence with the River Rother, between Divisions and environs South Yorkshire is divided into four local government districts they are the City of Sheffield, the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster Rotherham ( is a large town in South Yorkshire, England. It lies on the River Don, close to its confluence with the River Rother, between He was first educated as a young boy by a teacher of grammar, who came, according to Thomas, "I know not by what fate save it was the Grace of God". Afterwards he was sent to the newly founded Eton College in order to prepare for university entrance. Eton College, or just Eton, is a world-famous British Independent school for boys founded in 1440 by King Henry VI.
He attended King's College, Cambridge, becoming a Bachelor of Divinity and a Fellow of Kings, and lectured on Grammar, Theology and Philosophy. King's College Cambridge is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. In Western universities a Bachelor of Divinity (BD or BDiv is usually an Undergraduate Academic degree awarded for a course taken in the study of A fellow in the broadest sense is someone who is an equal or a comrade After his ordination as a priest he served in many powerful positions in the Church, becoming Prebendary of Lincoln in 1462 and of Salisbury in 1465. In general religious use ordination is the process by which individuals are consecrated, that is set apart as Clergy to perform various religious rites and ceremonies A priest or priestess is a person having the authority or power to administer religious rites in particular rites of sacrifice to and propitiation of a deity or deities A prebendary is a post connected to an Anglican or Catholic Cathedral or Collegiate church and is a type of canon. Lincoln (ˈlɪŋkən is a Cathedral city and County town of Lincolnshire, England. Salisbury (ˈsɒlzbri ˈsɔːlzbri ('Solzbry' or ˈzɔːwzbri ('Zawzbry' — moving from RP to local dialect) is a cathedral city in the He was appointed Bishop of Rochester in 1468,[1] Bishop of Lincoln in 1472,[2] and then Archbishop of York from 1480 to 1500. See also List of bishops of Rochester The Bishop of Rochester is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese See also List of bishops of Lincoln and precursor offices The Bishop of Lincoln heads the ( Anglican) The Archbishop of York is a high-ranking cleric in the Church of England, second only to the Archbishop of Canterbury. [3]
King Edward IV appointed him Keeper of the Privy Seal in 1467. Edward IV ( 28 April 1442 – 9 April 1483) was King of England from 4 March 1461 until 2 October The Lord Privy Seal or Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal is the fifth of the Great Officers of State in the United Kingdom ranking beneath the [4] In 1468 he became ambassador to France and joint ambassador to Burgundy in 1471. He was Lord Chancellor of England twice, from 1474 to 1483 and again briefly in 1485. The Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, or Lord Chancellor is a senior and important functionary in the Government of the United Kingdom. [5] Rotherham was one of the celebrants of the funeral mass for Edward IV on April 20, 1483. Events 1303 - The University of Rome La Sapienza is instituted by Pope Boniface VIII. [6]
After Edward's death, there followed a struggle for the throne. Edward V was deposed and Richard, Duke of Gloucester, became Richard III. Edward V ( 4 November 1470 &ndash 1483? was the King of England from 9 April 1483 until his deposition two months later Richard III ( 2 October 1452 &ndash 22 August 1485) was King of England from 1483 until his death Thomas Rotherham was imprisoned in the Tower of London for his loyalty to Elizabeth Woodville, Edward's Queen. Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower) is a historic monument in central London Elizabeth Woodville or Wydeville ( 3 February 1437 &ndash 7 June / 8 June 1492) was the Queen consort of [7] He had released the Great Seal to her when she went into sanctuary at Westminster, but having rethought the idea, he recovered it from the dowager queen. Eventually the Seal ended up in the hands of Thomas Bourchier. Thomas Bourchier (c 1404 &ndash 30 March 1486 was an English Archbishop, Lord Chancellor and cardinal. [8] The imprisonment lasted from June 13, 1483 to the middle of July. Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for [9] Under Henry VII he was deprived of the Chancellorship. After this he retired from most public work. He died of the plague at Cawood, (near York) on May 29, 1500. Bubonic plague is the best-known manifestation of the bacterial disease plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis (formerly known as Cawood (Other names Carwood) is a large village in North Yorkshire, England that is notable as the finding-place of the Cawood sword. York ( is an historic Walled city sited at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the [3] His remains were transferred to a magnificent marble tomb in York Minster in 1506. York Minster is a Gothic Cathedral in York, England and is the second largest of its kind in Northern Europe (largest is the
Endowments
Thomas Rotherham built part of Lincoln College, Oxford University and increased its endowment;[10] at Cambridge, where he was four times Chancellor and Master of Pembroke Hall, he helped to build the University Library. Lincoln College (in full The College of the Blessed Mary and All Saints Lincoln) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford A financial endowment is a Transfer of Money or Property donated to an Institution, usually with the stipulation that it be invested Pembroke College is a college of the University of Cambridge, home to over six hundred students and fellows, and is the third oldest of the colleges
In 1480 he endowed a Chapel of Jesus within Rotherham parish church, with a priest to sing masses for the souls of his ancestors. He founded The College of Jesus in Rotherham as a memorial to his first teacher. [10] The foundations of the red brick College were laid at his birthplace in Brookgate in March 1482 and a licence was granted on 22 January 1483 "for the honour and glory of the name of Jesus Christ to found a perpetual College". Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus.
The statutes of the College were dated 1 February 1483. Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen The College of Jesus was to consist of a Provost and three Fellows, all to be in Holy Orders, who must attend church on Sundays and Holy Days. The Fellows were to teach grammar and train the six choristers of Jesus in song and music. They were also to teach promising boys who did not aspire to the priesthood, reading, writing and reckoning, free of charge. If the boys continued to show merit they could learn the rudiments of grammar and music. The college was later dissolved around 1550 by Edward VI and all its possessions seized by the crown. Edward VI (12 October 1537 &ndash 6 July 1553 became King of England and Ireland on 28 January 1547 and was crowned on 20 February at the age of nine Very little now remains of the original building, although the street is still known as College Street.
He is still remembered in the name of Thomas Rotherham College, which is the post-1967 descendant of Rotherham Grammar School for Boys, which had its origins in the original College of Jesus. A grammar school is one of several different types of School in the history of education in the United Kingdom and other English-speaking countries
Notes
- ^ Fryde Handbook of British Chronology p. 268
- ^ Fryde Handbook of British Chronology p. 256
- ^ a b Fryde Handbook of British Chronology p. 282
- ^ Fryde Handbook of British Chronology p. 95-96
- ^ Fryde Handbook of British Chronology p. 88
- ^ Ross Edward IV p. 417
- ^ Ross Richard III p. 42
- ^ Ross Richard III p. 76
- ^ Davies "The Church and the Wars of the Roses" in The Wars of the Roses p. 142
- ^ a b Ross Edward IV p. 268
References
- Bennett, H. Leigh "Archbishop Rotherham (known as Thomas Scot, Archbishop of York, 1423-1500) Lord High Chancellor of England and of Cambridge University" 1901
- Davies, Richard G. "The Church and the Wars of the Roses" in The Wars of the Roses ed. by A. J. Pollard New York: St. Martin's Press 1995 ISBN 0-312-12697-2
- Fryde, E. B. ; Greenway, D. E. ; Porter, S. ; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology, Third Edition, revised, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
- Guest, John "Historic Notices of Rotherham" 1879
- Ross, Charles Edward IV Berkeley: University of California Press 1974 ISBN 0-520-02781-7
- Ross, Charles Richard III Berkeley: University of California Press 1981 ISBN 0-520-04589-0
External links
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Robert Stillington |
Lord Privy Seal 1467–1470 |
Succeeded by John Hales |
| Preceded by John Hales |
Lord Privy Seal 1471–1474 |
Succeeded by John Russell |
| Preceded by John Alcock |
Lord Chancellor 1475–1483 |
Succeeded by John Russell |
| Preceded by John Russell |
Lord Chancellor 1485 |
Succeeded by John Alcock |
| Roman Catholic Church titles | ||
| Preceded by John Low |
Bishop of Rochester 1468–1472 |
Succeeded by John Alcock |
| Preceded by John Chadworth |
Bishop of Lincoln 1472–1480 |
Succeeded by John Russell |
| Preceded by Lawrence Booth |
Archbishop of York 1480–1500 |
Succeeded by Thomas Savage |
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Rotherham, Thomas |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Scot, Thomas |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | Lord Privy Seal; Lord Chancellor; Bishop of Rochester; Bishop of Lincoln; Archbishop of York |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 24, 1423 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Rotherham, South Yorkshire |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 29, 1500 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | Cawood Palace |
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