Sir Thomas Bodley (March 2, 1545 – January 28, 1613), was an English diplomat and scholar, founder of the Bodleian Library, Oxford. Events 986 - Louis V becomes King of the Franks. 1127 - Assassination of Charles the Good Events 1077 - Walk to Canossa: The Excommunication of Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor is lifted England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Diplomacy is the art and practice of conducting Negotiations between representatives of groups or states The Bodleian Library ( the main Research library of the University of Oxford, is one of the oldest libraries in Europe, and in England Oxford is currently bidding for the 2010 Wikimania Conference Oxford () is a city, and the County town of Oxfordshire,
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Biography
Thomas Bodley was born at Exeter in the second last year of the reign of Henry VIII. Exeter ( (IPA ˈeksɪtər is a city, district and County town of Devon, England. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of His father, John Bodley, was a Protestant merchant who went to live abroad rather than stay in England under the Catholic regime of Mary. Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. Mary I (18 February 1516 &ndash 17 November 1558 was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 19 July 1553 until her death The family (and the ten year old Nicholas Hilliard, who had been attached to the household by his parents, friends of Bodley) eventually settled in Geneva where Thomas received his early education. Nicholas Hilliard (c 1547&ndash January 7, 1619) was an English Goldsmith and limner best known for his Portrait miniatures Geneva (Genève is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French -speaking He attended lectures given by John Calvin and Theodore Beza, and attended services led by John Knox. John Calvin (or Jean Calvin) (10 July 1509 – 27 May 1564 was a French Protestant theologian during the Protestant Reformation and Theodore Beza ( Théodore de Bèze or de Besze) ( June 24, 1519 &ndash October 13, 1605) was a French John Knox (c 1510 – 24 November 1572 was a Scottish clergyman and leader of the Protestant Reformation who is considered the founder of the Presbyterian He learned Greek from Mattheus Beroaldus and Hebrew from Antoine Chevallier. The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c Matthieu Brouard (d 1576 was a minister and professor of philosophy at Geneva. The study of these languages remained enduring passions for Bodley throughout his life.
After Mary's death in 1558 and the accession of Elizabeth, the family returned to England, and Bodley entered Magdalen College, Oxford to study under Lawrence Humphrey. Magdalen College redirects here see also Magdalene College Cambridge Magdalen College (ˈmɔːdlɨn "maudlin" is one of the constituent Lawrence Humphrey (or Laurence Humfrey) (1527? - February 1, 1590) was an English theologian who was president of Magdalen College Oxford In 1563 he took his B.A. degree, and was shortly afterwards admitted as a Fellow to Merton College. See also Wardens of Merton College Oxford. Merton College is also the name of a college in the London Borough of Merton. He began lecturing at Merton and in April 1565 he was formally appointed as the college's first Lecturer in Ancient Greek, a post that was subsequently made permanent. He served in many college offices and in 1569 was elected as one of the University's junior proctors, and for some time after was deputy Public Orator. Proctor, an English variant of the word procurator, is a person who takes charge of or acts for another Leaving Oxford in 1576 with a licence to study abroad and a grant from his college of £6. 13s. 4d. , he toured France, Italy, and Germany, visiting scholars and adding French, Italian, and Spanish to his range of languages.
On his return he was appointed gentleman-usher to Queen Elizabeth and he entered Parliament as member for Portsmouth, and represented St Germans in 1586. The Parliament of England was the Legislature of the Kingdom of England. History See also History of Portsmouth There have been settlements in the area since before Roman times mostly being offshoots of Portchester, which St Germans was a Rotten borough in Cornwall which returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons in the English and In 1585 Bodley was entrusted with a mission to form a league between Frederick II of Denmark and certain German princes to assist Henry of Navarre, the future Henry IV of France. Frederick II ( 1 July 1534 &ndash 4 April 1588) King of Denmark and Norway from 1559 until his death Henry IV (Henri IV ( 13 December 1553 &ndash 14 May 1610) ruled as King of France from 1589 to 1610 and as Henry III Henry IV (Henri IV ( 13 December 1553 &ndash 14 May 1610) ruled as King of France from 1589 to 1610 and as Henry III He was next dispatched on a secret mission to France; and in 1588 he was sent to the Hague as minister, a post which demanded great diplomatic skill, for it was in the Netherlands that the power of Spain had to be fought. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The essential difficulties of his mission were complicated by the intrigues of the queen's ministers at home, and Bodley repeatedly asked to be recalled. He was finally permitted to return to England in 1596, but finding his preferment obstructed by the competing interests of Burghley and Essex, he retired from public life, and returned to Oxford. Lord Burghley redirects here For other holders of the title see Baron Burghley William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley (13 September 1520 &ndash Robert Devereux 2nd Earl of Essex ( 10 November 1566 &ndash 25 February 1601) a favourite of Queen Elizabeth I of England
As he had married Ann Ball in 1587 (a widow of considerable fortune and the daughter of a Mr Carew of Bristol) he had had to resign his fellowship at Merton, but he still had many friends there and the college gave a dinner in his honour in the spring of 1598. Bristol ( ˈbrɪstəl is a city, Unitary authority and ceremonial county in South West England, west of London G. H. Martin speculates that the inspiration to restore the old Duke Humfrey's library may have come from the renewal of his contact with Henry Savile and other former colleagues at this dinner. Sir Henry Savile ( November 30 1549 – February 19, 1622) Warden of Merton College Oxford, and Provost of Eton, was the Once his proposal was accepted he spent the rest of his life devoted to the library project. He was knighted on April 18, 1604. Knight is the English term for a social position originating in the Middle Ages. Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland. He died in 1613 and was buried in the choir of Merton College chapel. His monument of black and white marble complete with pillars made from books and allegories of learning is placed on the western wall of the north transept of the chapel. Full descriptions of the elements of a Gothic floorplan are found at the entry Cathedral diagram.
The Bodleian Library
Bodley's greatest achievement was the re-founding of the library at Oxford, later named the Bodleian Library in his honor. The Bodleian Library ( the main Research library of the University of Oxford, is one of the oldest libraries in Europe, and in England He determined, he said, "to take his farewell of state employments and to set up his staff at the library door in Oxford. " In 1598 his offer to restore the old library was accepted by the university. Bodley began his book collection effort in 1600, using the site of the former library above the Divinity School, which was in near ruin.
Even though Bodley lived over 400 years ago, modern libraries are still benefiting from some of his early ideas and practices.
One important idea that Bodley implemented was the creation of a "Benefactors' Book" in 1602, which was bound and put on display in the library in 1604. While he did have funding through the wealth of his wife, Ann Ball, and the inheritance he received from his father, Bodley still needed to have the gifts of his affluent friends and colleagues to build his library collection. Although not a completely original idea (as encouragement in 1412 the University Chaplain was ordered to say mass for benefactors) Bodley recognized that having your name out for everyone to see their contributions was more inspiring. According to Lewis B. Wright,
He had prepared a handsome Register of Donations, in vellum, in which the name of every benefactor should be written down in a large and fair hand so all might read. And he kept the Register prominently displayed so that no visitor to the library could escape seeing the generosity of Bodley's friends. The plan, as it deserved, was a success, for its originator found that, 'every man bethinks himself how by some good book or other he may be written in the scroll of the benefactors. '
This innovative idea has carried on for over four centuries and has continued to be a great motivator for friends of libraries everywhere.
Another significant event related to Bodley was the agreement between the Bodleian Library and the Stationer's Company, in which "the Company agreed to send to the Library a copy of every book entered in their Register on condition that the books thus given might be borrowed if needed for reprinting, and that the books given to the Library by others might be examined, collated and copied by the Company. "[2]
This was the beginning of legal deposit libraries, and today, the Bodleian is one of six such libraries in the United Kingdom and Ireland. In 2003, the Copyright Act of 1911 was expanded to include information on CD-ROM and websites. This regulation is in place to ensure the collection and preservation of all published materials as an accurate, up to date historical record.
Publications
Bodley wrote his autobiography up to the year 1609, which, with the first draft of the statutes drawn up for the library, and his letters to the librarian, Thomas James, was published by Thomas Hearne, under the title of Reliquiae Bodleianae, or Authentic Remains of Sir Thomas Bodley, (London, 1703, 8vo). Thomas James (c 1573 - August 1629 was an English Librarian, first librarian of the Bodleian Thomas Hearne (July 1678 - 10 June 1735) English Antiquarian, was born at Littlefield Green in the parish of White Waltham,
References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
- Martin, G. H. ; Highfield, R. L. (1997). A History of Merton College. See also Wardens of Merton College Oxford. Merton College is also the name of a college in the London Borough of Merton. Oxford: OUP, ch. 8. ISBN 0-19-920183-8.
1. Wright, Louis B. (April 1939). "Some Early 'Friends' of Libraries". The Huntington Library Quarterly 2 (3).
2. Nicoll, Allardyce, ed. (1951). Shakespeare Survey Vol. 4: An Annual Survey of Shakespearean Study & Production. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-52-152378-8.
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Bodley, Thomas |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | English diplomat and scholar, founder of the Bodleian Library, Oxford |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 2, 1545 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Exeter, England |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 28, 1613 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | |
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