Theogony (Greek: Θεογονία, theogonia = the birth of God(s)) is a poem by Hesiod describing the origins and genealogies of the gods of the ancient Greeks, composed circa 700 BC. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Hesiod ( Greek: Hesiodos) was an early Greek Poet and Rhapsode, who presumably lived around 700 BCE Genealogy (from Greek: el γενεά el-Latn genea, "descent" and el λόγος el-Latn logos, "knowledge" is the study of Polytheism is belief in or worship of multiple Gods (usually assembled in a pantheon) together with associated Mythology and Rituals The title of the work comes from the Greek words for "god" and "seed".
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Descriptions
Hesiod's Theogony is a large-scale synthesis of a vast variety of local Greek traditions concerning the gods, organized as a narrative that tells how they came to be and how they established permanent narratives about the origin of the cosmos and about the gods that shaped cosmos. The term ancient Greece refers to the period of Greek history lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca A narrative or story is a construct created in a suitable format (written spoken poetry prose images song Theater, or Dance) that describes a sequence of In its most general sense a cosmos is an orderly or harmonious system
Further, in the "Kings and Singers" passage (80-103)[1] Hesiod appropriates to himself the authority usually reserved to sacred kingship. The poet declares that it is he, where we might have expected some king instead, upon whom the Muses have bestowed the two gifts of a scepter and an authoritative voice (Hesiod, Theogony 30-3), which are the visible signs of kingship. In Greek mythology, the Muses ( Ancient Greek, hai moũsai: perhaps from the Proto-Indo-European root * men- "think" are A sceptre or scepter is a symbolic ornamental staff held by a ruling Monarch, a prominent item of royal Regalia. It is not that this gesture is meant to make Hesiod a king. Rather, the point is that the authority of kingship now belongs to the poetic voice, the voice that is declaiming the Theogony.
Although it is often used as a sourcebook for Greek mythology,[2] the Theogony is both more and less than that. Greek mythology is the body of stories belonging to the ancient Greeks concerning their gods and Heroes the nature of the world and the origins and significance In formal terms it is a hymn invoking Zeus and the Muses: parallel passages between it and the much shorter Homeric Hymn to the Muses make it clear that the Theogony developed out of a tradition of hymnic preludes with which an ancient Greek rhapsode would begin his performance at poetic competitions. The thirty-three anonymous Homeric Hymns celebrating individual gods are a collection of ancient Greek Hymns "Homeric" in the sense that they employ the In Classical Greece, in the fifth and fourth centuries BC and perhaps earlier a rhapsode (ῥαψῳδός was a professional Performer of Poetry, especially It is necessary to see the Theogony not as the definitive source of Greek mythology, but rather as a snapshot of a dynamic tradition that happened to crystallize when Hesiod formulated the myths he knew — and to remember that the traditions have continued evolving since that time.
The written form of the Theogony was established in the sixth century. Even some conservative editors have concluded that the Typheous episode (820-80) is an interpolation.
The decipherment of Hittite mythical texts, notably the Kingship in Heaven text first presented in 1946, with its castration mytheme, offers in the figure of Kumarbi a Levantine parallel to Hesiod's Uranus-Cronos conflict. Hittite or Nesili is the Extinct language once spoken by the Hittites, a people who created an empire centered on ancient Hattusas (modern Kumarbi is the Hurrian god son of Anu, and father of the Weather-God Teshub. [3]
After the speaker declares that he has received the blessings of the Muses, and thanks them for giving him inspiration, he explains that spontaneously Chaos was. For the state of disarray see Chaos. In Greek mythology Chaos ( Xάος) or Khaos is the original state of existence from which Chaos gives birth to Eros[4] and Gaia (Earth), the more orderly and safe foundation that would serve as a home for the gods and mortals, came afterwards. Gaia (ˈgeɪə or /ˈgaɪə/ (" land " or " Earth " from the Ancient Greek Γαîα also Gæa or Gea Tartarus (both a place below the earth as well as a deity) and (Desire) also came into existence from nothing. In classic Greek mythology below Heaven, Earth, and Pontus is Tartarus, or Tartaros ( Greek Τάρταρος deep place Eros serves an important role in sexual reproduction, before which children had to be produced by means of parthenogenesis. Parthenogenesis (from the Greek παρθένος parthenos, "virgin" + γένεσις genesis, "creation" is an asexual form From Chaos came Erebos (Darkness) and Nyx (Night). In Greek mythology, Erebus or Erebos ( Ancient Greek:, English translation: "deep blackness/darkness or shadow" was the son of a primordial However, Erebos and Nyx reproduced to make Aither (Brightness) and Hemera (Day). Aether (also Æther Greek: Αἰθήρ in Greek mythology, is one of the Protogenoi, the first-born elemental gods In Greek mythology Hemera ( Ἡμέρα) was the personification of day and one of the Protogenoi or primordial deities From Gaia came Ouranos (Sky), the Ourea (Mountains), and Pontus (Sea). Uranus (ˈjʊərənəs jʊˈreɪnəs is the Latinized form of Ouranos () the Greek word for Sky. In Greek mythology, the Ourea ( Greek: Ούρος English translation: "mountain" were rarely mentioned Gods of the mountains sons In Greek mythology, Pontus (or Pontos (Πόντος English translation: "sea" was an ancient pre-Olympian sea-god son of
Ouranos mated with Gaia to create twelve Titans: Okeanos, Coeus, Crius, Hyperion, Iapetos, Theia, Rhea, Themis, Mnemosyne, Phoebe, Tethys, and Kronos; three Kyklopes (Cyclops): Brontes, Steropes, and Arges; and three Hecatonchires: Kottos, Briareos, and Gyges. In Greek mythology, the Titans ( Greek: Tītā́n; plural Tītânes) were a race of powerful Deities that ruled during the legendary Ocean (Ὠκεανός was believed to be the world-ocean in Classical antiquity, which the ancient Romans and Greeks considered to be In Greek mythology, Coeus ( Ancient Greek:, Koios) was one of the Titans, the giant sons and daughters of Uranus (Heaven and In Greek mythology, Crius ( Kreios (Κρεῖος the "Ram" was one of the Titans in the list given in Hesiod 's Theogony Hyperion (Greek) is a Titan, the son of Gaia (Earth and Uranus (Sky Helios Hyperion, 'Sun High-one' In Greek mythology, Iapetus, also Iapetos or Japetus (Ἰαπετός was a Titan, the son of Uranus and Gaia, and father In Greek mythology, Theia, goddess or divine, (sometimes written Thea or Thia) also called Euryphaessa, wide-shining Rhea ( ancient Greek) was the Titaness daughter of Uranus, the sky and Gaia, the earth in classical Greek mythology For other uses see Themis (disambiguation. In Greek mythology, Hesiod mentions Themis (Θέμις among the six sons and six daughters of Gaia Mnemosyne (Greek, nɪˈmɒzɪni or /nɪˈmɒsəni/ (sometimes confused with Mneme or compared with Memoria In Greek mythology "golden-wreathed" Phoebe (Ancient Greek Φοίβη, Phoibe pronounced /'fiː In Classical Greek mythology, Tethys (Greek Τηθύς) daughter of Uranus and Gaia ( Hesiod, Theogony lines Cronus or Kronos, ( Ancient Greek Κρόνος Krónos) was the leader and the youngest of the first generation of Titans, divine descendants In Greek mythology and later Roman mythology, a cyclops (ˈsaɪklɒps or kyklops ( Greek) is a member of a primordial race of The Hecatonchires, or Hekatonkheires Ἑκατόγχειρες( were three gargantuan figures of an archaic stage of Greek mythology.
Second generation
Ouranos was disgusted with his children, the Hecatonchires, so he hid them away somewhere in Gaia. The Hecatonchires, or Hekatonkheires Ἑκατόγχειρες( were three gargantuan figures of an archaic stage of Greek mythology. Angered by this, she asked her children the Titans to punish their father. Only Kronos was willing to do so. During Ouranos' attempt to mate with Gaia as he does every night, Kronos castrated his father with a sickle from Gaia. The blood from Ouranos splattered onto the earth producing Erinyes (the Furies), Giants, and Meliai. In Greek mythology the Erinyes (Ἐρινύες pl of Ἐρινύς lit The Mythology and Legends of many different Cultures include monsters of human appearance but prodigious size and strength In Greek mythology, the Meliae or Meliai (Μελιάδες were Nymphs of the Ash tree, whose name they shared Kronos takes the severed testicles and throws them into the Sea (Thalassa), around which foams developed and they transformed into the goddess of Love, Aphrodite (which is why in some myths, Aphrodite was daughter of Ouranos and the goddess Thalassa). In Greek mythology, Thalassa (Θάλασσα " Sea " was a primordial sea Goddess, daughter of Aether and Hemera. A goddess is a Female Deity. Many Cultures have goddesses Often deities are part of a polytheistic system that includes several deities Love is any of a number of Emotions and experiences related to a sense of strong Affection. In Greek mythology, Thalassa (Θάλασσα " Sea " was a primordial sea Goddess, daughter of Aether and Hemera.
Meanwhile, Nyx, though she mated with Erebos, produced children parthenogenetically: Moros (Doom), Oneiroi (Dreams), Ker and the Keres (Destinies), Eris (Discord), Momos (Blame), Philotes (Love), Geras (Old Age), Thanatos (Death), Moirai (Fates), Nemesis (Retribution), Hesperides (Daughters of Night), Hypnos (Sleep), Oizys (Hardship), and Apate (Deceit). In Greek mythology, Moros (Μόρος "doom fate" is the personification of impending doom who drives every being mortal or otherwise to its fated doom In Greek mythology, the Oneiroi (Ὄνειροι were the brothers (According to Hesiod or sons (according to Ovid of Hypnos, the god of sleep Eris ( Greek Ἔρις, "Strife" is the Greek Goddess of strife her name being translated into Latin as Discordia For the Scottish artist and singer see Momus (artist Momus or Momos (μῶμος in Greek Philotes ( Φιλοτης in Greek is a minor Greek goddess She was a daughter of Nyx. In Greek mythology, Geras (Greek Γῆρας Gēras was the god of old age. In Greek mythology, Thanatos (in Ancient Greek, θάνατος &ndash " Death " was the Daemon personification The Moirae or Moerae (in Greek – the " apportioners " often called the The Fates) in Greek mythology, were the white-robed Nemesis (in Greek,) also called Rhamnousia/Rhamnusia ("the Goddess of Rhamnous " at her sanctuary at In Greek mythology, the Hesperides ( Greek:) are Nymphs who tend a blissful garden in a far western corner of the world located near the Atlas mountains In Greek mythology, Hypnos (Ὕπνος was the personification of sleep the Roman equivalent was known as Somnus. In Greek mythology, Oizys (Ὀϊζύς is the Goddess of distress worry and anxiety
From Eris, following her mother's footstep, came Ponos (Pain), Hysmine (Battles), the Neikea (Quarrels), the Phonoi (Murders), Lethe (Oblivion), Makhai (Fight), Pseudologos (Lies), Amphilogia (Disputes), Limos (Famine), Androktasia (Manslaughters), Ate (Ruin), Dysnomia (Anarchy and Disobedience), the Algea (Illness), Horkos (Oaths), and Logoi (Stories). Eris ( Greek Ἔρις, "Strife" is the Greek Goddess of strife her name being translated into Latin as Discordia Ponos was the god of sorrow in Greek mythology. His mother was the goddess Eris ("discord" who was the daughter of Nyx ("night" In Classical Greek, Lethe (λήθη Classical Greek, Modern Greek:) literally means "forgetfulness" or "concealment" In Greek mythology, the Makhai ( Greek:Μάχαι were the daemons (spirits of battle and combat and were sons or daughters of Eris. Ate, (in Greek ατή two syllables in either language a Greek word for "ruin folly delusion" is the action performed by the hero usually because of his or her Hubris Dysnomia (Δυσνομία imagined by Hesiod among the daughters of "abhorred Eris " ("Strife" is the daemon of "lawlessness" grc-Latn Logos (ˈloʊːgɒs ( Greek, logos) is an important term in Philosophy, Analytical psychology, Rhetoric and Religion
After Ouranos had been castrated, Gaia mated with Pontos to create a descendent line consisting of sea deities, sea nymphs, and hybrid monsters. One child of Gaia and Pontos is Nereus (Old Man of the Sea), who marries Doris, a daughter of Okeanos and Tethys, to produce the Nereids, the fifty nymphs of the sea - one of whom is Thetis. Nereus (Νηρεύς in Greek Mythology, was the eldest son of Pontus (the Sea and Gaia (the Earth a Titan who (with Doris) fathered Another child of Gaia and Pontos is Thaumas, who marries Electra, a sister of Doris, to produce Iris (Rainbow) and two Harpies. In Greek mythology, Thaumas (Θαῦμας gen Θαύμαντος ( English translation: "wonder" was a sea God, son of Pontus In Greek mythology, Iris (Ἴρις is the personification of the Rainbow and messenger of the gods In Greek mythology, a harpy ("snatcher" from harpȳia ἅρπυια harpūia) was any one of the mainly winged death-spirits best known for constantly
Phorkys and Keto, two siblings, marry each other and produce the Graiae, the Gorgons, Echidna, and Ophion. In Greek mythology, Phorcys, or Phorkys (Φόρκυς was one of the names of the "Old Man One of the Sea" the primeval sea god, who according The Graeae ( English translation: "old women" "gray ones" or "gray witches" alternatively spelled Graiai (Γραῖαι Graiae In Greek mythology, a gorgon ( Greek: γοργώ or γοργών transl In the most ancient layers of Greek mythology Echidna (Greek Ἔχιδνα ( ekhis (ἔχις meaning "she viper" was Medusa, one of the Gorgons, produced two children with Poseidon, the winged-horse Pegasus and giant Chrysaor, at the instant of her decapitation by Perseus. In Greek mythology, Medusa ( Greek: Μέδουσα (Médousa "guardian protectress" was a monstrous Chthonic female character gazing upon In Greek mythology, Pegasus ( Greek: Πήγασος, Pégasos, 'strong' was a winged horse that was the son of Poseidon, in his role In Greek mythology, Chrysaor ( Greek: Χρυσάωρ Khrusaōr; English translation: "He who has a golden armament " the Perseus, Perseos, or Perseas ( Greek: Περσεύς, Περσέως, Περσέας) the Legendary founder Chrysaor marries Callirhoe, another daughter of Okeanos, to make three-headed Geryon. In Greek mythology, Callirrhoe (often written Callirrhoë) was a naiad. In Greek mythology, Geryon ( Geryones, Geyron) son of Chrysaor and Callirrhoe and grandson of Medusa was a fearsome
Gaia also mates with Tartaros to produce Typhoeus, whom Echidna marries to produce Orthos, Kerberos, Hydra, and Chimera. In Greek mythology, Typhon ( Ancient Greek:, Tuphōn) also Typheus / Typhoeus ( Tuphōeus) Typhaon ( For the genus of Jumping spiders, see Orthrus. In Greek mythology, Orthrus (also called Orthros, Orthos In Greek mythology, Cerberus or Kerberos ( Greek Κέρβερος Kérberos) the ker or Daimon of In Greek mythology, the Lernaean Hydra ( Greek: ( was an ancient nameless serpent -like Chthonic water beast that possessed numerous In Greek mythology, the Chimera ( Greek (Chímaira Latin Chimaera) was a monstrous creature of Lycia in Asia Minor From Orthos and either Chimera or Echidna were born the Sphinx and the Nemean Lion. A Sphinx is a Zoomorphic mythological figure which is depicted as a recumbent lion with a human head The Nemean lion ( Modern Greek: Λέων της Νεμέας (Léōn tēs Neméas Latin: Leo Nemaeus was a vicious monster in Greek mythology that lived
In the family of the Titans, Okeanos and Tethys marry to make three thousand rivers (including the Nile and Skamandar) and three thousand Okeanid Nymphs (including Electra, Kalypso, and Styx). Theia and Hyperion marry to bear Helios (Sun), Selene (Moon), and Eos (Dawn). In Greek mythology the Sun was personified as Helios (ˈhiliˌɑs ( Ἥλιος Latinized as Helius) In Greek mythology, Selene (Σελήνη " Moon " English sɛˈliːniː was an archaic Lunar deity and the daughter of the Titans For other uses of the name Eos see Eos (disambiguation. For the Slavic goddesses called the Auroras see The Zorya. Kreios and Eurybia marry to bear Astraios, Pallas, and Perses. For the airline see Astraeus (airline. For the genus of earthstars see Astraeus (genus. Pallas is a Titan associated with war His family tree is disputed Perses was a Titan, son of Crius and Eurybia. He was wed to the Titan Asteria. Eos and Astraios would later marry to produce Zephyros, Boreas, Notos, Eosphoros, Hesperos, Phosphoros and the Stars (foremost of which Phaenon, Phaethon, Pyroeis, Stilbon, those of the Zodiac and those three acknowledged before). In Greek Mythology, the Anemoi (in Greek, Άνεμοι &mdash " winds " were Wind gods who were each ascribed In Greek Mythology, the Anemoi (in Greek, Άνεμοι &mdash " winds " were Wind gods who were each ascribed In Greek Mythology, the Anemoi (in Greek, Άνεμοι &mdash " winds " were Wind gods who were each ascribed From Pallas and Styx (another Okeanid) came Zelos (Zeal), Nike (Victory), Cratos (Strength), and Bia (Force). This Zelos is the Greek personification For other uses see Zelos. In Greek mythology, Nike ( Greek Νίκη níːkɛː meaning Victory) was a Goddess who personified Triumph In Greek mythology, Cratos ( English translation: "strength" was a son of Pallas and Styx, and he was the personification of strength In Greek mythology, Bia ( Ancient Greek: βία English translation: "Force" was the personification of force daughter of Pallas Koios and Phoibe marry to make Leto, Asteria (who later marries Perses to produce Hekate). Lētṓ ( Greek:, Λ&alphaτώ, Lato in Dorian Greek etymology and meaning disputed in Greek mythology, is a daughter of In Greek mythology, Asteria was a name attributed to five individuals Amazon Asteria was the sixth Amazon killed by Heracles when Hecate ( Greek: Ἑκάτη, "far-shooting") Hekate ( Hekátê Iapetos marries Klymene (an Okeanid Nymph) to sire Atlas, Menoetius, Prometheus, and Epimetheus. In Greek mythology, Atlas (Eng /'æt ləs/ Gk Ἄτλας was the primordial Titan who supported the heavens In Greek mythology, Menoetius (Greek Menoitios) referred to several different people In Greek mythology, Prometheus (Προμηθεύς "forethought" is a Titan known for his wily intelligence who stole Fire from Zeus In Greek mythology, Epimetheus ( Greek) ("hindsight" literally "hind-thought" but in the manner of a fool looking behind while running
Third and final generation
Kronos, having taken control of the Cosmos, wanted to ensure that he maintained power. In its most general sense a cosmos is an orderly or harmonious system Ouranos and Gaia prophesied to him that one of his children would overthrow him, so when he married Rhea, he made sure to swallow each of the children she birthed: Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, Zeus (in that order). Uranus (ˈjʊərənəs jʊˈreɪnəs is the Latinized form of Ouranos () the Greek word for Sky. In Greek mythology, virginal Hestia, (Roman name Vesta daughter of Kronus and Rhea, ( ancient Greek) is the Goddess Demeter (dɨˈmiːtɚ Greek:, possibly "distribution-mother" from the noun of the Indo-European mother-earth * dheghom * mater In the Olympian pantheon of classical Greek Mythology, Hera (ˈhɪərə or /ˈhɛrə/ Greek) or Here ( in Ionic and Homer Hades (from Greek, Hadēs, originally, Haidēs or, Aidēs, probably from Indo-European *n̥-wid- 'unseen' refers both to the ancient In Greek mythology, Poseidon ( Greek:; Latin: Neptūnus) was the god of the Sea and as "Earth-Shaker" Zeus (zjuːs in Greek: nominative: Zeús /zdeús/ genitive: Diós; Modern Greek /'zefs/ in Greek mythology However, Rhea asked Gaia and Ouranos for help in saving Zeus by sending Rhea to Crete to nurture Zeus and giving Kronos a huge stone to swallow thinking that it was another of Rhea's children. Rhea then sets Zeus on a tree that sat on a ledge (between sky, earth and sea, making him invisible) with the Curetes constantly clanging their swords on their shield to keep Kronos from hearing the infant Zeus's crying.
After Zeus had grown up, he consults Metis, who concocts a potion which forces Kronos to disgorge his siblings and thereafter waged a great war on the Titans for control of the Cosmos. In its most general sense a cosmos is an orderly or harmonious system The war lasted ten years, with the Olympian gods, Cyclopes, Prometheus and Epimetheus, the children of Pallas on one side, and the Titans and the Giants on the other (with only Oceanos as a neutral force). Eventually Zeus releases the Hundred-Handed ones to shake the earth, allowing him to gain the upper hand, cast the fury of his thunderbolts and throw the Titans into Tartaros. Zeus later must battle Typhoeus, a son of Gaia and Tartaros created because Gaia was angry that the Titans were defeated, and is victorious again. In Greek mythology, Typhon ( Ancient Greek:, Tuphōn) also Typheus / Typhoeus ( Tuphōeus) Typhaon (
Because Prometheus helped Zeus, he was not sent to Tartaros like the other Titans. However, he later stole fire from the Olympian gods to give to mortals, along with other knowledge, which angered Zeus. Zeus punishes Prometheus by chaining him to a column and invokes a long-winged eagle that would feed on his ever-regenerating liver. Prometheus would not be freed until Heracles, a son of Zeus, comes to free him and encourage him to tell Zeus the prophecy of who would overthrow Zeus. In Greek mythology, Heracles or Herakles ("glory of Hera " or
(A digression: It would later turn out that Thetis, a nymph that Zeus was chasing, would have a son that would be greater than his father. Zeus promptly married her off to Peleus, who ended up fathering Achilleus. "Achilleus" redirects here For the emperor with this name see Achilleus (emperor. At the wedding, Eris, who resented not being invited, rolled a golden apple inscribed "For the Fairest". The apple rolled between the three loveliest goddesses (Hera, Aphrodite, and Athene). The three goddesses asked Zeus to decide who was loveliest, but he was afraid of what either of them might do if they were not chosen. So he gave the responsibility to the Trojan Prince Paris. He chose Aphrodite over Athena and Hera to get the most beautiful woman in the world, Helen, and start the Trojan War). In Greek mythology, the Trojan War was waged against the city of Troy by the Achaeans after Paris of Troy stole Helen from her
Another trickery Prometheus made was to divide an animal sacrifice, giving meat to humans and bone and skin to the gods. It forms the origin of sacrificing animals to a deity.
Zeus, because of the loss of fire, would later punish the men on earth by making a woman with Hephaistos and Athena, Pandora, who, through her good charms and beauty, would bring about all the miseries of diseases and deaths into the world by opening a box from Zeus, but she closed the box before Elpis (Hope) was released. In Greek mythology, Pandora (from Greek:, "giver of all all-endowed" was the first woman It would not be until Prometheus came and opened the box to free Elpis (Hope).
Zeus marries seven wives. The first is the Oceanid Metis, whom he swallowed to avoid getting a son that, as what happened with Kronos and Ouranos, would overthrow him, as well as to absorb her wisdom so that she can advise him in the future. In Greek mythology, Metis (Μῆτις was of the Titan generation and like several primordial figures an Oceanid, in the sense that Metis was born of He would later "give birth" to Athena from his head, which would anger Hera enough for her to produce her own son parthenogenetically, Typhaon, the part snake,part dragon sea monster. ATHENA was an Antimatter research project that took place at the AD Ring at CERN. The second wife is Themis, who bears the three Horae (Hours) – Eunomia (Order), Dike (Justice), Eirene (Peace) and the three Moirae (Fates) – Klotho (Spinner), Lachesis (Alotter), Atropos (Unturned), as well as Tyche. In Greek mythology, the Horai, Latinized Horae (Ὧραι — literally translated as "the hours" were three Goddesses controlling orderly Peace, in the modern usage is a concept defined by the ideal state of relationship as absence of hostility at the international level that of a War. The Moirae or Moerae (in Greek – the " apportioners " often called the The Fates) in Greek mythology, were the white-robed Clotho or Klotho (Greek 'Κλωθώ' &mdash the "spinner" &mdash was the youngest of the Moirae of Greek mythology, otherwise known as In Greek mythology, Lachesis (also Lakhesis, Greek: Λάχεσις English: "disposer of lots" Etymology: λαγχάνω In Greek mythology, Atropos (ˈætɹəˌpɑs (from Greek Άτροπος "without turn" was one of the three Moirae, Goddesses of In ancient Greek city cults, Tyche (Τύχη meaning "luck" in Greek, Roman equivalent Fortuna) was the presiding Tutelary Zeus then married his third wife Eurynome, who bears the three Charites (Graces): Aglaia, Euphrosyne, and Thalia. The fourth wife is his sister Demeter, who bears Persephone. Demeter (dɨˈmiːtɚ Greek:, possibly "distribution-mother" from the noun of the Indo-European mother-earth * dheghom * mater Persephone would later marry Hades, and bear Melinoe, Goddess of Ghosts, and Zagreus, God of the Orphic Mysteries, and Macaria, Goddess of the Blessed Afterlife. Melinoe (Μελινοε "Dark Thought" from melas, black and noe, mind was the ancient Greek Goddess of ghosts and propitiation- Zagreus is also the name of a genus of ladybird beetle See Zagreus for more information For the Geometer moth Genus, see Semiothisa In Greek mythology, Macaria The fifth wife of Zeus is another aunt, Mnemosyne, from whom came the nine Muses – Kleio, Euterpe, Thaleia, Melpomene, Terpsikhore, Erato, Polymnia, Urania, and Kalliope. In Greek mythology, the Muses ( Ancient Greek, hai moũsai: perhaps from the Proto-Indo-European root * men- "think" are CLIO is the Cryogenic Laser Interferometer Observatory, a prototype detector for gravitational waves In Greek mythology, Euterpe (Eὐτέρπη (juːˈtɝpi eʊ̯ Thalia can refer to four distinct entities in Greek mythology, two of whom were daughters of Zeus, and a third of whom bore him sons Melpomène (Greek Μελπομένη mɛlˌpɒmɪˈni ("to sing" or "the one that is melodious", initially the Muse of Singing she then became the Muse For the Fern Genus, see Terpsichore (fern. In Greek mythology, Terpsichore (tərpˈsɪkəri (Τερψιχόρη See also Erato (dryad In Greek mythology, Erato (Ἐρατώ is one of the Greek Muses The name would mean "lovely" Polyhymnia ("the one of many hymns" /pɒlɪ'hɪmniə/ (Πολυύμνια Πολύμνια in Greek mythology, was the Muse of sacred-poetry In Greek mythology, Urania (Οὐρανία jʊˈreɪnɪə in English which means "heavenly" was the Muse of Astronomy and Astrology In Greek mythology, Calliope ("beautiful-voiced" also spelled Kaliope or Kalliope, in Greek, Καλλιόπη The sixth wife is Leto, who gives birth to Apollo and Artemis. In Greek mythology, Artemis language|Greek] ( Nominative), ( Genitive))] was the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and the twin sister The seventh and final wife is Hera, who gives birth to Hebe, Ares, Enyo, Hephastios,and Eileithyia. In Greek mythology, Hēbē ( Greek:) is the Goddess of youth ( Roman equivalent Juventas) In Greek mythology, Ares ( Ancient Greek:, Μodern Greek Άρης) is the son of Zeus and Hera. This article is about the Greek deity Enyo See Bellona (goddess for her better-known Roman counterpart Eileithyia (Εἰλείθυια was the Cretan goddess whom Greek mythology adapted as the goddess of childbirth and midwifery Of course, though Zeus no longer marries, he still has affairs with many other women, such as Semele, who would give birth to Dionysus, and Alkmene, the mother of Heracles, who marries Hebe. Stimula redirects here For the Genus of Grass skipper Butterflies, see Stimula (butterfly. In Classical mythology, Dionysus or Dionysos (in Greek, Διόνυσος or Διώνυσος; associated with Roman In Greek mythology, Alcmene or Alcmena ( Greek:) was the mother of Heracles In Greek mythology, Heracles or Herakles ("glory of Hera " or In Greek mythology, Hēbē ( Greek:) is the Goddess of youth ( Roman equivalent Juventas)
Poseidon marries Amphitrite and produces Triton. In ancient Greek mythology, Amphitrite (Ἀμφιτρίτη (not to be confused with Aphrodite) was a sea-goddess Triton (Τρίτων gen Τρίτωνος is a mythological Greek god, the messenger of the deep Ares and Aphrodite would marry to make Phobos (Fear), Deimos (Cowardice), and Harmonia (Harmony), who would later marry Kadmos to sire Ino (who with her son, Melicertes would become a sea deity) Semele (Mother of Dionysos), Agaue (Mother of Actaeon), Polydorus, and Autonoe (who would later be driven in to perpetual Bacchic Frenzy by her nephew, Dionysos). Phobos ( Ancient Greek, "Fear" is the embodiment of Fear and horror in Greek mythology. In Greek mythology, Deimos ( Δεῖμος &ndash " dread " was the Personification of dread. In Greek mythology, Harmonia is the immortal Goddess of harmony and concord Cadmus, or Kadmos (Κάδμος in Greek mythology, was a Phoenician prince son of Agenor and the brother of Phoenix, Cilix In Greek mythology Ino was a mortal queen of Thebes, the second wife of Athamas, the mother of Learches and Melicertes, daughter of Melicertes Μελικέρτης (sometimes Melecertes, later called Palaemon Παλαίμων) in Greek mythology, the son of the Stimula redirects here For the Genus of Grass skipper Butterflies, see Stimula (butterfly. The only son of Cadmus and Harmonia, Polydorus was a king of Thebes Greece. In Greek mythology, Autonoë ( Ancient Greek:) was a daughter of Cadmus, founder of Thebes Greece, and the goddess Harmonia. Helios and Perseis birth Kirke (Circe), who with Poseidon would mother Phaunos, God of the Forest, and with Dionysos mother Comos, God of Revelry and Festivity . In Greek mythology, Circe ( sərsē; Greek Κίρκη Kírkē, falcon is a Queen Goddess (or sometimes a Nymph And with Odysseus, she would later give birth to Agrius. grc-Latn Odysseus or la Ulysses ( Greek grc-Latn Odysseus; Latin: la Ulixes or more commonly Ulysses) oʊˈdɪsiəs For the genus of Moths (family Sphingidae) see Agrius (genus. Atlas' daughter Kalypso would give birth to Odysseus' children Telegonos, Teledamus, Latinus, Nausithoos, and Nausinous. Calypso ( Greek: Καλυψώ Kālupsō; English translation: "I will conceal" was a Nymph and a daughter of Atlas In Greek mythology, Telegonus ( Greek: Τηλέγονος English translation: born afar was the youngest son of Circe and Odysseus Latinus or Latinos was a figure in both Greek and Roman Mythology. In Greek mythology, Nausithous (or Nausíthoös) was a son of Poseidon with Periboea. In Greek mythology, Nausinous was the son of Odysseus and Calypso.
See also
Notes
- ^ Kathryn B. This article discusses scientific theories of creation (cosmogony See Gigantes y cabezudos for the giant figures of Spanish culture Theomachy is a reference to battles fought between Greek Olympians themselves Titanomachy (epic poem In Greek mythology, the Titanomachy, or War of the Titans (Τιτανομαχία was the ten-year series of battles fought between Stoddard, "The Programmatic Message of the "Kings and Singers" Passage: Hesiod, 'Theogony' 80-103"Transactions of the American Philological Association 133. 1 (Spring 2003), pp. 1-16.
- ^ Herodotus (II. Herodotus of Halicarnassus ( Greek: Hēródotos Halikarnāsseús) was a Greek Historian who lived in the 5th century BC ( 484 BC&ndash 53) cited it simply as an authoritative list of divine names, attributes and functions.
- ^ Walter Burkert, The Orientalizing Revolution: Near Eastern Inmfluence on Greek Culture in the Early Archaic Age (Harvard University Press) 192, offers discussion and bibliography of related questions.
- ^ Bulfinch's Age of Fable or Beauties of Mythology by Thomas Bulfinch Publisher: S W Tilton (1894). ASIN: B000JWAT00 pg 19.
External links
- Hesiod, Theogony e-text (in English)
- Hesiod, Theogony e-text in Greek (from Perseus)
- Hesiod, Theogony e-text in English (from Perseus)
References
- Brown, Norman O. Introduction to Hesiod: Theogony (New York: Liberal Arts Press) 1953.
- Bulfinch's Age of Fable or Beauties of Mythology by Thomas Bulfinch Publisher: S W Tilton (1894)ASIN: B000JWAT00
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