| Theodore of Amasea | |
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| Martyr | |
| Born | unknown, Alasium, Turkey [1] |
| Died | 17 February 306, Amasea, Turkey |
| Feast | Roman Catholic Church: 9 November Orthodox Church: 17 February and the first Saturday in Great Lent |
| Attributes | Dressed as a soldier, with emblems such as a spear, temple, torch, crocodile, pyre, martyr's wreath |
| Patronage | Brindisi, recovery of lost articles [2], against storms, soldiers [3] |
 Saints Portal |
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Saint Theodore of Amasea (d. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori Events By Place Roman Empire July 25 — Constantine I is proclaimed Emperor by his troops Amasia (Amasea is a Catholic Titular see. Corresponding to modern Amasya (Amasiah it was a metropolis of Pontus in Asia Minor on the Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches The Calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a Liturgical year on the level of days by associating each day with one or more Saints Events 694 - Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims sentencing all The term Orthodox Christianity may refer to The Eastern Orthodox Church: the Eastern Christian churches of Byzantine Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori Great Lent, or the Great Fast, is the most important Fasting season in the Church year in Eastern Christianity, which prepares Christians Christianity has used symbols from its very beginnings Each Saint has a story and a reason why he or she led an exemplary life This is an article about a particle accelerator For uses of spear, see Spear or Spear (disambiguation. A temple (from the Latin word Templum) is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities such as prayer and sacrifice or analogous rites Originally a torch was a portable source of Fire used as a source of light usually a rod-shaped piece of wood with a rag soaked in pitch and/or some other A crocodile is any Species belonging to the family Crocodylidae (sometimes classified instead as the Subfamily Crocodylinae) A pyre (from the Greek: πυρά pyrá, from πυρ pýr, fire is a structure usually made of Wood, for burning a body as part of a The term martyr ( Greek μάρτυς martys "witness" is most commonly used today to describe an individual who sacrifices their life (or personal freedom The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members Brindisi can also refer to a song in which a company is exhorted to drink such as the "Tea-Cup Brindisi" in Gilbert and Sullivan 's " The 306; Amasenus, now Amasya, Turkey) is one of the Greek military saints of the 4th century, the earlier patron saint of Venice, now outshone there by Saint Mark, but still represented atop one of the two Byzantine columns standing in the Piazzetta of the Piazza San Marco, treading upon the sacred crocodile of Egypt. Events By Place Roman Empire July 25 — Constantine I is proclaimed Emperor by his troops Amasya is a province of Turkey, situated on the Yeşil River in the Black Sea Region to the north of the country The military saints (also called soldier saints) of the Early Christian Church enjoyed a vogue parallel to the virgin martyrs. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 4th century (per the Julian calendar and Anno Domini / Common era) was that Century The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members "Saint Mark" redirects here For other uses see Saint Mark (disambiguation. Piazza San Marco, often known in English as St Mark's Square, is the principal square of Venice, Italy. A crocodile is any Species belonging to the family Crocodylidae (sometimes classified instead as the Subfamily Crocodylinae)
According to his hagiography Theodore was a soldier in the legions. Hagiography ( is the study of Saints. A hagiography, from Greek (hağios (ἅγιος "holy" or "saint" and graphē (γραφή He is often named Theodore Tyro ("of Tyre"), according to some sources because for a time he belonged to the Cohors Tyronum; according to others because he was a tiro, or recent recruit. Tyre ( Arabic صور Ṣūr, Phoenician Phoenician wawsvg|12px|ו]] Ṣur, Hebrew In Western Christianity he is usually called of Amasea from the ancient city in Pontus where he suffered martyrdom. Geography The Black Sea region loosely called Pontus by various scholars has a steep rocky coast with rivers that cascade through the gorges of the coastal ranges Sometimes he is Theodore Euchaita from the place, Euchais, to which his body had been carried, and where he was held in such veneration that the city came to be frequently spoken of as Theodoropolis. In Eastern Christianity he is more often known as Theodore the Recruit.
His martyrdom and feast are dated in the Menologies February 17, 306, under the Emperors Galerius, Maximian and Maximinus. The term martyr ( Greek μάρτυς martys "witness" is most commonly used today to describe an individual who sacrifices their life (or personal freedom Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori Events By Place Roman Empire July 25 — Constantine I is proclaimed Emperor by his troops Galerius Maximianus ( ca. 260&ndashlate April or early May 311 formally Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus was Roman Emperor from 305 to 311 Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus Herculius (c 250 &ndash c This article deals with 4th century Roman Emperor For other uses of the name see Maximin. The Eastern Orthodox and Armenians honor him on the first Saturday of Great Lent, while the Roman Martyrology records him on November 9. The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world The Armenians (Հայեր Hayer) are a Nation and Ethnic group originating in the Caucasus and in the Armenian Highlands A large Great Lent, or the Great Fast, is the most important Fasting season in the Church year in Eastern Christianity, which prepares Christians Events 694 - Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims sentencing all
In the 12th century his body was transferred to Brindisi, and he is there honored as patron; his head is enshrined at Gaeta. Brindisi can also refer to a song in which a company is exhorted to drink such as the "Tea-Cup Brindisi" in Gilbert and Sullivan 's " The There are churches bearing his name at Constantinople, Jerusalem, Damascus, and other places of the former Christian east. Constantinople (Κωνσταντινούπολις Konstantinoúpolis, or gr ἡ Πόλις hē Polis, Latin: la CONSTANTINOPOLIS Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, he-Latn Yerushaláyim; Arabic: ar القُدس, ar-Latn al-Quds) is the Damascus ( دمشق,, also commonly known as الشام ash-Shām) is the capital and largest city of Syria. An ancient church of San Teodoro, Venice, is said to have been founded by Narses. For other historical figures with similar names see Narses (disambiguation. At the foot of the Palatine in Rome is a very old church, circular in shape and dedicated to San Teodoro, whom the Roman people call San Toto, which was made a collegiate church by Felix IV. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Pope The people showed their confidence in the saint by bringing their sick children to his temple, as to an asclepieion, or healing-temple. In ancient Greece, an asclepieion (or asklepieion) was a healing temple, sacred to the god Asclepius. His martyrdom is represented in the choir of the cathedral of Chartres by thirty-eight 13th-century stained-glass panels (Migne, Dict. Chartres is a town and commune and capital of the Eure-et-Loir department in north-central France It is located 96 km southwest of Paris For the Blackford Oakes novel see Stained Glass (novel The term stained glass refers either to the material of coloured Glass or to the art Jacques Paul Migne (25 October 1800 - 24 October 1875 was a French Priest who published inexpensive and widely-distributed editions of theological works encyclopedias iconogr. , 599). He is invoked against storms.
His encounter with a dragon (represented as a crocodile in his statue in St Mark's Square (above, right) was transferred to the more widely venerated Saint George. The dragon is a Legendary creature of which some interpretation or depiction appears in almost every culture worldwide In Christian hagiography Saint George is one of the most venerated saints in the Anglican Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox [1]
St. Gregory of Nyssa delivered a panegyric on his feast day and gave several data concerning his life and martyrdom. Gregory of Nyssa ( Greek: Άγιος Γρηγόριος Νύσσης Latin: Gregorius Nyssenus; Arabic: غريغوريوس النيصي [2] The oldest text of the Martyrium S. Theodori Tironis was published by Delehaye in "Les legendes grecques des saints militaires", p. Hippolyte Delehaye ( Antwerp August 19, 1859 – Brussels April 1, 1941 was a Belgian Jesuit 227, but the Bollandists is considered largely interpolated (Anal. The Bollandists are an association of scholars - originally all Jesuit, but now including non-Jesuits -- philologists and historians -- who since the early seventeenth century XXX, 323).
St. Theodore is said to have been born in the East (Syria or Armenia are mentioned). Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية Armenia (Հայաստան transliterated: Hayastan,) officially the Republic of Armenia (Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն Hayastani He enlisted in the army and was sent with his cohort to winter quarters in Pontus in Anatolia. Geography The Black Sea region loosely called Pontus by various scholars has a steep rocky coast with rivers that cascade through the gorges of the coastal ranges Anatolia (Anadolu Ανατολία Anatolía) or Asia minor, comprising most of modern Turkey, is the geographic region bounded by the Black When the edict against the Christians was issued by the emperors, he was brought before the magistrates at Amasea and ordered to offer sacrifice to the gods. Amasia (Amasea is a Catholic Titular see. Corresponding to modern Amasya (Amasiah it was a metropolis of Pontus in Asia Minor on the When he refused, the magistrates gave him some time, because of his youth, for reflection. "This he employed in burning the Temple of Cybele", the Catholic Encyclopedia reports. Originally a Hittite and Phrygian Goddess, Cybele (Κυβέλη was a deification of the Earth Mother and was worshipped in
He was quickly taken and burned at the stake.
Whatever a modern hearer may think of Theodore's action, it must be comprehendible that the general population looked at Christians as a source of dangerous fanaticism, dangerous to the state, which depended on the good-will of the Great Mother of Anatolia, Cybele. There was a large enough Christian population at Amasea to be governed by a bishop, and Basil of Amasea was martyred in 391, the very year of the Edict of Milan, according to Jerome's interpolation in his Latin version of the church chronicle of Eusebius of Caesarea. Basil of Amasea (Basileus or Basilius was a fourth century Christian bishop and martyr The Edict of Milan was a letter signed by emperors Constantine and Licinius, that proclaimed Religious toleration in the Roman Empire. Eusebius chronicles persecutions under Licinius as Amasea and other places, though Basil is not apparently mentioned. For other Romans of this name see Licinius (gens. Valerius Licinianus Licinius (c The fictional Acts of Basil have him drowned in the sea, an unusual martyrdom.
Notes
- ^ Duncan Robertson, The Medieval Saints' Lives: Spiritual Renewal and Old French Literature. , pp 51-52, and others.
- ^ Patrologia Graeca, XLVI, 741, and Thierry Ruinart, 505
External links
- Catholic Encyclopedia: Theodore of Amasea
- Hagiography from the website of the Orthodox Church in America
- Saints of November 9: St Theodore Tiro
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