The X-Files
Format	Science fiction, drama, thriller, horror, mystery
Created by	Chris Carter
Starring	David Duchovny Gillian Anderson Mitch Pileggi Robert Patrick Annabeth Gish
Country of origin	United States, Canada
No. Drama is the specific mode of Fiction represented in Performance. The thriller is a broad Genre of Literature, Film, Gaming and Television. Horror films are Movies that strive to elicit Fear, Horror and terror responses from viewers Christopher Carl Carter (born October 13, 1956) is an American Screenwriter, Film director and producer, best known David William Duchovny (born August 7, 1960) is a two-time Golden Globe Award -winning American television and film Actor, best known Gillian Leigh Anderson (born August 9, 1968) is an American Actress, best known for her roles as FBI Special Agent Mitchell Craig "Mitch" Pileggi (born April 5, 1952) is an American actor Robert Patrick (born November 5, 1958) is a Saturn Award -winning American Film and television Actor. Annabeth Gish (b Anne Elizabeth Gish on March 13, 1971 in Albuquerque New Mexico) is an American actress known for starring roles The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page of seasons	9
No.  of episodes	202 [1] (List of episodes)
Production
Location(s)	Canada United States
Running time	43 min (per episode)
Broadcast
Original channel	FOX
Picture format	4:3 (original broadcast) 16:9 (DVD seasons 5 - 9)
Original run	10 September 1993 – 19 May 2002
Chronology
Related shows	The Lone Gunmen Millennium
External links
Official website
IMDb profile
TV.com summary

The X-Files is a Peabody, Golden Globe and Emmy Award-winning American science fiction television series created by Chris Carter, which first aired on 10 September 1993, and ended on 19 May 2002. This is a list of episodes from the FOX Science fiction television series The X-Files. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. The Lone Gunmen is a Television show created by Chris Carter and broadcast on FOX. Millennium is an American supernatural thriller and crime drama television series produced by Chris Carter (creator of The X-Files The George Foster Peabody Awards, better known as simply the Peabody Awards, are annual international awards for excellence in Radio and Television broadcasting The Golden Globe Awards are American awards for motion pictures and Television programs given out each year during a formal dinner The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Christopher Carl Carter (born October 13, 1956) is an American Screenwriter, Film director and producer, best known Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. The show was a major hit for the American FOX network, and its main characters and slogans (e. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the g. , "The Truth Is Out There", "Trust No One", "I Want to Believe") became pop culture touchstones. Popular culture (or pop culture) is the Culture — patterns of human activity and the symbolic structures that give such activities significance and importance — The X-Files is seen as a defining series of the 1990s, coinciding with the era's widespread mistrust of governments, interest in conspiracy theories and spirituality, and the belief in the existence of extraterrestrial life. For the government of parliamentary systems see Executive (government. A conspiracy theory attributes the ultimate cause of an event or chain of events (usually Political, Social or Historical events or the concealment Spirituality, in a narrow sense concerns itself with matters of the Spirit, a concept closely tied to religious belief and Faith, a transcendent reality Extraterrestrial life is Life originating outside of the Earth. ^[2][3]

In the series, FBI agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) are tasked with investigating the "X-Files": marginalized, unsolved cases involving paranormal phenomena. Within the United States, the title of Special Agent is used to describe any federal criminal or non-criminal investigator or Detective in the 1811 1801 2501 or Special Agent Fox William Mulder, nicknamed "Spooky" Mulder is a Fictional character played by David Duchovny on the 1993 - 2002 David William Duchovny (born August 7, 1960) is a two-time Golden Globe Award -winning American television and film Actor, best known Special Agent Dana Katherine Scully MD is a Fictional character on the Fox Broadcasting Co Gillian Leigh Anderson (born August 9, 1968) is an American Actress, best known for her roles as FBI Special Agent Paranormal is an Umbrella term used to describe unusual Phenomena or experiences that lack an obvious Scientific explanation Mulder plays the role of the "believer", having faith in the existence of aliens and the paranormal, while Scully is a skeptic, initially assigned by her departmental superiors to debunk Mulder's unconventional work. Belief is the psychological state in which an individual holds a Proposition or Premise to be true Extraterrestrial life is Life originating outside of the Earth. In ordinary usage skepticism or scepticism ( Greek 'σκέπτομαι' skeptomai, to look about to consider see also spelling differences A debunker is an individual who discredits and exposes claims as being false exaggerated unscientific or pretentious As the show progressed, both agents were caught up in a larger conflict, termed "the mythology" or "mytharc" by the show's creators, and developed a close and ambiguous friendship which many saw as romantic rather than platonic. A story arc is an extended or continuing storyline in episodic storytelling media such as Television, Comic books Comic strips Amor Platonicus The term amor platonicus was coined as early as the 15th century by the Florentine scholar Marsilio Ficino ^[4] The X-Files also featured stand-alone episodes ranging in tone from horror to comedy, in which Mulder and Scully investigated uniquely bizarre cases without long-term implications on the storyline. Horror fiction is broadly Fiction in any medium intended to scare unsettle or horrify the audience Comedy (from the Greek κωμωδίαkomodia has a popular meaning (any discourse generally intended to amuse especially in Television, Film, and These so-called "monster of the week" episodes made up the bulk of the series. " Villain of the week " (or depending on genre " monster of the week " or " freak of the

The show's popularity peaked in the mid-to-late 1990s,^[5] leading to a theatrical feature film in 1998. The X-Files is a 1998 Science fiction film based on the television series of the same name. In the last two seasons, Anderson became the star as Duchovny appeared rarely, and new central characters were introduced: FBI Agents John Doggett (Robert Patrick) and Monica Reyes (Annabeth Gish). John Jay Doggett (b April 4, 1960 Atlanta Georgia) is a Fictional character and one of the primary Protagonists of seasons 8 Robert Patrick (born November 5, 1958) is a Saturn Award -winning American Film and television Actor. Monica Reyes (pronounced Ray-Yez (b Mexico City, Mexico) is a Fictional character on the TV series The X-Files, played by actress Annabeth Gish (b Anne Elizabeth Gish on March 13, 1971 in Albuquerque New Mexico) is an American actress known for starring roles At the time of its final episode, The X-Files was the longest running sci-fi show ever on American television, a title since lost to Stargate SG-1^[1]. Science fiction first appeared on Television during the Golden age of science fiction, first in Britain (UK and then in the United States The show was declared by TV Guide to be the second greatest cult television show^[6] (Star Trek being number one) and the 37^th best television show of all time. TV Guide is the name of a North American weekly magazine about television programming A cult following is a group of fans devoted to a specific area of Pop culture. Star Trek is a Science fiction Television series created by Gene Roddenberry that aired from September 8, 1966 through ^[7] In 2007, TIME magazine included the show on its list of the "100 Best TV Shows of All Time". Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and ^[8]

Contents 1 Idea and pilot 2 History 2.1 Season 1 (1993–1994) 2.1.1 Early production issues 2.2 Season 2 (1994–1995) 2.3 Season 3 (1995–1996) 2.4 Season 4 (1996–1997) 2.5 Season 5 (1997–1998) 2.6 Film (1998) 2.7 Season 6 (1998–1999) 2.8 Seasons 7 – 9 (1999–2002) 3 Episode types 3.1 Mytharc episodes 4 Future of The X-Files 5 Cast of characters 5.1 Recurring guest characters 6 Legacy 6.1 Television 6.2 "X-Philes" 7 Influences on the show 7.1 Television 7.2 Film 8 Awards 9 Broadcast history 10 Merchandise 11 Ten Thirteen Productions 11.1 Millennium 11.2 Harsh Realm 11.3 The Lone Gunmen 12 See also 13 References 14 Further reading 14.1 Books 14.2 Essays 15 External links

Idea and pilot

California native Chris Carter, who had previously met with limited success writing for television, was given the opportunity to produce new shows for the struggling FOX network in the early 1990s. Christopher Carl Carter (born October 13, 1956) is an American Screenwriter, Film director and producer, best known Tired of the comedies he had been working on,^[9] inspired by a report that 3. 7 million Americans may have been abducted by aliens,^[10] and recalling memories of Watergate and 1970s horror show Kolchak: The Night Stalker,^[11] Carter came up with the idea for The X-Files and wrote the pilot episode himself in 1992. The Watergate scandals were a series of Political scandals during the presidency of Richard Nixon that resulted in the Indictment of several of Nixon's Kolchak The Night Stalker is an American Television series that aired on ABC in 1974 A television pilot is a test episode of an intended Television series. He initially struggled over the untested concept—executives wanted a love interest for Scully—and casting. The network wanted either a more established or a "taller, leggier, blonder and breastier"^[12] actress for Scully than the 24-year-old Gillian Anderson, a theater veteran with minor film experience, who Carter felt was the only choice after auditions. Gillian Leigh Anderson (born August 9, 1968) is an American Actress, best known for her roles as FBI Special Agent ^[13][14] Nevertheless, the pilot with both Anderson and David Duchovny was successfully shot in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada in early 1993, and the show was picked up for the Friday night 9:00 p. David William Duchovny (born August 7, 1960) is a two-time Golden Globe Award -winning American television and film Actor, best known Vancouver (vænˈkuːvɚ is a coastal Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page m. slot on the American fall TV schedule. Carter started a new company called Ten Thirteen Productions, named after his October 13 birthday, to oversee The X-Files. Ten Thirteen Productions was a production company founded by Chris Carter in 1993, which produced four television series and two films ( The X-Files Events 54 - Nero ascends to the Roman throne 409 - Vandals and Alans crossed the Pyrenees Carter's idea was to present FBI agents investigating extraterrestrials and paranormal events, but Carter also wanted to deal directly with the characters' beliefs. Extraterrestrial life is Life originating outside of the Earth. Paranormal is an Umbrella term used to describe unusual Phenomena or experiences that lack an obvious Scientific explanation Carter said, "I think of myself as a non-religious person looking for religious experience, so I think that's what the characters are sort of doing too. Religious Experience (also known as a spiritual, Sacred, or mystical experience is an altered state of consciousness where an "^[15] Dana Scully, in addition to being the scientific "skeptic" and a trained medical doctor, was open to the Catholic faith in which she was raised; while Fox Mulder, in addition to being an Oxford-educated psychologist and renowned criminal profiler, was the "believer" in space aliens, derisively nicknamed "Spooky Mulder" by his colleagues. Special Agent Dana Katherine Scully MD is a Fictional character on the Fox Broadcasting Co In ordinary usage skepticism or scepticism ( Greek 'σκέπτομαι' skeptomai, to look about to consider see also spelling differences Special Agent Fox William Mulder, nicknamed "Spooky" Mulder is a Fictional character played by David Duchovny on the 1993 - 2002 The University of Oxford (informally "Oxford University" or simply "Oxford" located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England is the Mental health professional A psychologist is a practitioner of Psychology, the systematic investigation of the mind including Behavior, Cognition, Offender profiling is a behavioral and investigative tool that helps investigators to profile unknown criminal subjects or offenders Carter said, "Scully's point of view is the point of view of the show. And so the show has to be built on a solid foundation of science, in order to have Mulder take a flight from it. . . If the science is really good, Scully's got a valid point of view. . . And Mulder has to then convince her that she's got to throw her arguments out, she's got to accept the unacceptable. And there is the conflict. "^[16] Carter also felt Scully's role as the more rational partner and Mulder's reliance on guesses and intuition subverted the gender roles usually seen on television. A gender role is defined as a set of perceived behavioural norms associated particularly with Males or Females in a given social group or system ^[17]

In the pilot episode, Scully is assigned to the X-Files as Mulder's partner, in order to serve as a scientific check on Mulder's belief in the paranormal. The pilot episode of the science fiction television series The X-Files premiered on the FOX network on September 10 1993 In later episodes, it becomes apparent that she was actually set up in that role so that the government conspirators could contain the implications of Mulder's work, which they viewed as a danger to their devious plans. Notably, the powerful shadow government official known only as the Cigarette Smoking Man, or "Cancer Man", appears without any spoken lines in the first and last scenes of the pilot episode—although at that point his ongoing importance to the series had not yet been established. A shadow government is a "government-in-waiting" that remains in waiting with the intention of taking control of a Government in response to some event The Cigarette Smoking Man (also known as Cancer Man or CGB Spender) was a character played by William B ^[18] The "unresolved sexual tension" between Mulder and Scully was also a central underlying theme from the beginning, although they were each given other brief romantic interests in future episodes. Sexual tension is the occurrence between two people (which is often found in works of Fiction) where two or more of the individuals sexually long for one another but the consummation Carter thought the show should be "plot-driven", and was quoted as saying, "I didn't want the relationship to come before the cases. Mythos (Aristotle In literature the plot comprises all the events in a story particularly rendered towards the achievement of some particular Artistic or Emotional "^[19] For example, throughout the series, Mulder and Scully, with rare exception, refer to each other in a professional manner by using each others' last names, rather than calling each other by their first names, which might seem more personal.

Carter's superior at FOX, Peter Roth, brought on more experienced staff members from the start, many of whom had previously worked with him at Stephen J. Cannell's production company. Stephen Joseph Cannell, (born February 5, 1941; ˈkænəl rhymes with "channel" is an American Television producer, Writer ^[20] Two of the most highly-regarded writers were Glen Morgan and James Wong. Glen Morgan is an American Television producer, Writer and director, best known for his screen works of The X-Files, James Wong ( Chinese: 黃毅瑜 Pinyin: Huáng Yìyú Jyutping: Wong4 Ngai6 Jyu4 (B Their contributions to the first two seasons, such as the episode "Beyond the Sea", were particularly popular among fans,^[21] television critics,^[22] the show's actors, and even Carter himself. " Beyond the Sea " was the thirteenth episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by ^[23] Morgan and Wong also returned for the first half of the fourth season. Prior to their work on The X-Files, Wong and Morgan had worked extensively with David Nutter, Rob Bowman, and Kim Manners on cop dramas such as The Commish and 21 Jump Street. David Nutter (born 1960 is an Emmy Award winning director. He is best known for directing pilot episodes for new television series Kim Manners is an American Television producer and director best known for his work on The X-Files and Supernatural The police procedural is a sub-genre of the mystery story which attempts to convincingly depict the activities of a Police force as they investigate Crimes The Commish was a Television series that aired on ABC in the United States from 1991 to 1995 21 Jump Street (originally titled Jump Street Chapel) is an hour long police drama television series, developed by Fox Network. Nutter, Bowman and Manners all became frequent X-Files directors, with Nutter working on many of the darker episodes in the first three seasons. The duo of Wong and Morgan also had an important role in hiring several supporting actors on the show, as well as John Bartley, the cinematographer who gave The X-Files its early dark atmospheric look, for which he won an Emmy Award in 1996. ^[24] Bartley left after the third season and was replaced by directors of photography Ron Stannett, Jon Joffin, and ultimately Joel Ransom until the end of the fifth season.

The show, which made a big move to Los Angeles in its sixth season, was originally going to be filmed in California in the first place. Carter said, "we originally intended to film the pilot in Los Angeles. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West When we couldn't find a good forest, we made a quick decision to come to Vancouver. As it turned out, it was three weeks that turned into five years. The benefits of being in Vancouver were tremendous. "^[25] The temperate rainforest climate of Vancouver itself was also seen as crucial to The X-Files, allowing directors to create a mysterious, foggy aura,^[26] seen as somewhat similar to that of then-recent TV hit Twin Peaks. Temperate rainforests are Coniferous or broadleaf Forests that occur in the Temperate zone and receive high rainfall The climate of Vancouver, British Columbia is a moderate Oceanic climate ( Koppen climate classification Cfb) tempered by the warm Twin Peaks is a Television Serial drama that follows the investigation of the brutal murder of popular respected Teenager and homecoming queen Responsibility for casting the show fell to Randy Stone,^[27] who had first recommended both leads to Carter, and to Rick Millikan, who predominately used local Canadian actors. In the Performing arts, casting (or casting call) is a vital pre-production process for selecting a cast (a meaning of the word recorded since 1631 of Actors ^[28]

History

Season 1 (1993–1994)

In the first two seasons, executive producer Carter and co-executive producers Morgan and Wong, along with other writers, helped to define the show's fledgling story arc. Motion Pictures An executive producer of a Motion picture is typically a producer who is sometimes involved in creative or technical aspects of production Christopher Carl Carter (born October 13, 1956) is an American Screenwriter, Film director and producer, best known Glen Morgan is an American Television producer, Writer and director, best known for his screen works of The X-Files, James Wong ( Chinese: 黃毅瑜 Pinyin: Huáng Yìyú Jyutping: Wong4 Ngai6 Jyu4 (B A story arc is an extended or continuing storyline in episodic storytelling media such as Television, Comic books Comic strips ^[21] The "mythology", as the producers called it, was initially established as a government plot to cover up anything pertaining to the existence of extraterrestrial life, and Mulder's attempts to discover the fate of his sister, Samantha. The word mythology (from the Greek grc μυθολογία mythología, meaning "a story-telling a legendary lore" A cover-up is an attempt whether successful or not to conceal evidence of wrong-doing error Incompetence, or other embarrassing information Extraterrestrial life is Life originating outside of the Earth. Samantha Ann Mulder (born November 21, 1965) is a Fictional character in the Television series The X-Files. He believed that she had been abducted by aliens years prior, when Mulder was a child, which profoundly affected him and ignited his obsession with the paranormal. Carter himself wrote the show's second episode, "Deep Throat", which was directed by Daniel Sackheim. " Deep Throat " was the second episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris Carter It introduced a character named Deep Throat (played by Jerry Hardin), the first of several secret government informants who would at times help or hinder Mulder and Scully's investigations. Jerry Hardin (born 20 November 1929) is an American actor who has made many television and film appearances Throughout the nine year run of The X-Files, various characters have come forward to feed Fox Mulder or Dana Scully with top secret information regarding

"Conduit", the first of many episodes to deal with Mulder's repressed memories of his sister's abduction, was written by Howard Gordon and Alex Gansa. " Conduit " was the fourth episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris Carter Repressed memory is a theoretical concept used to describe a significant Memory, usually of a traumatic nature that has become unavailable for recall also called Howard Gordon (born 31 March 1961, Queens New York New York, U Gordon became another key writer/producer in the show's first four years, also writing "Fallen Angel" and other episodes in the first season with Gansa. " Fallen Angel " was the tenth episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris That early mythology episode centered on Mulder's futile efforts to discover a crashed UFO which was being covered up by the government. It also introduced UFO enthusiast and abduction victim Max Fenig, one of many idiosyncratic outsiders portrayed on the show, which helped attract an "intensely loyal" cult following^[29] (see below). Ufology is a Neologism coined to describe the collective efforts of those who study Unidentified flying object reports and associated evidence A cult following is a group of fans devoted to a specific area of Pop culture. Fenig, played by Scott Bellis, returned for two episodes in the fourth season. Ironically, "Fallen Angel" also received the lowest Nielsen ratings of the first season. Nielsen Ratings are audience measurement systems developed by Nielsen Media Research to determine the Audience size and composition of television Another early and influential mythology effort, the Wong and Morgan-written episode "E.B.E." (for "extraterrestrial biological entity"), which saw Mulder and Scully tracking another crashed UFO, did almost as poorly; it was the fourth least-watched episode of the series overall until its final season. " EBE " was the seventeenth episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris ^[5]

Carter and his writers were mostly left to their own devices because FOX was concentrating on The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. and other shows that they considered more commercially promising at the time. The Adventures of Brisco County Jr is a short-lived western Television series with Science fiction elements set in the 1890s starring The producers still ran into early opposition on some key episodes, among them "Beyond the Sea",^[21] "E. B. E. ", and the popular "Ice". "Ice" is the eighth episode of the first season of The X-Files which was originally broadcast November 5 1993. ^[30] According to Carter, "the issue of closure has been an ongoing dialogue with the network, because we've always resisted wrapping up each episode with a neat little bow at the end. You can't do that. . . because pretending to explain the unexplainable is ridiculous and our audience is too smart for that. " Eventually FOX backed down and it was decided "X-File stories would not have forced plot resolutions, but would conclude with some emotional resolution. "^[17]

Morgan and Wong's early influence on X-Files mythology led to their introduction of popular secondary characters who would continue for years in episodes written by others, such as the Scully family—Dana's father William (Don S. Davis), mother Margaret (Sheila Larken) and sister Melissa (Melinda McGraw)—as well as conspiracy-buff trio The Lone Gunmen,^[31] named after the Warren Commission's disputed theory on the John F. Kennedy assassination. This is a list of recurring characters from the American television show The X-Files. Don Sinclair Davis ( August 4 1942 - June 29 2008) was an American Character actor, Theatre Professor Sheila Larken (b February 24 1944 in Brooklyn New York) is an American television Actress. Melinda Leigh McGraw (born October 25, 1963) is an American actress A conspiracy theory attributes the ultimate cause of an event or chain of events (usually Political, Social or Historical events or the concealment The Lone Gunmen are a trio of Fictional characters Richard "Ringo" Langly Melvin Frohike and John Fitzgerald Byers who had recurring roles on The X-Files The President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, known unofficially as The Warren Commission, was established on November 29, 1963 The lone gunman theory is the nickname given to the conclusion reached by the Warren Commission that U The assassination of John F Kennedy, the thirty-fifth President of the United States, took place on Friday November 22 1963 in Dallas Texas

However, the duo's first episode, "Squeeze", was not a part of the mythology. " Squeeze " is a 1993 episode of The X-Files television series. The episode featured Eugene Victor Tooms, an elastic, liver-eating mutant serial-killer who emerged from hibernation every 30 years. Eugene Victor Tooms was a Fictional character on the TV series X-Files played by Doug Hutchison. After the first two episodes, the writing staff wanted to broaden the concept of The X-Files; executives had initially rejected Carter's idea for a series centered only around alien conspiracies, having already had one at the time, Sightings. For the New York City-based band see Sightings (band Sightings was a Paranormal -themed news Television program ^[32] "Squeeze" became a template for the paranormal "Monster-of-the-Week" episodes that would be a mainstay of the series. Paranormal is an Umbrella term used to describe unusual Phenomena or experiences that lack an obvious Scientific explanation On the 1993&ndash2002 Television series, The X-Files, there developed two main types of episodes Wong and Morgan followed it up later in the season with a direct sequel called "Tooms. " Tooms," also called "Squeeze II" in some newspaper listings was the twenty-first episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction " "Tooms" was also the episode where the writers gave the Cigarette Smoking Man his first lines, and introduced FBI Assistant Director Walter Skinner (Mitch Pileggi), Mulder and Scully's boss. Walter Sergei Skinner is a Fictional character played by Mitch Pileggi on the Fox television series The X-Files. Mitchell Craig "Mitch" Pileggi (born April 5, 1952) is an American actor Whilst a relatively in-the-background type character in the 1st season, the character's role and importance in the storyline would evolve over the next seasons, until Skinner became an integral part of the X-Files plot.

Early production issues

Initially, The X-Files was fighting for its life in the ratings, and as a result, there was no long-term plan in the beginning to guide its writers. ^[33] The only guideline provided by Carter was that the show should take place "within the realm of extreme possibility". ^[34] The show's first season thus featured numerous standalone stories involving monsters, and also diverse alien/government cover-ups, with no apparent connection to each other — such as the Arctic space worms in "Ice", and the conspiracy of genetically engineered twins in "Eve. The Arctic is the Region around the Earth 's North Pole, opposite the Antarctic region around the South Pole. Genetic engineering, Recombinant DNA technology, genetic modification/manipulation (GM and gene splicing are terms that apply to the direct " Eve " was the eleventh episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris Carter " Carter himself wrote "Space", a low-budget affair about the manifestation of an alien "ghost" in the NASA space shuttle program, which was subject to cost overruns and became the most expensive of the first season;^[35] he later called it one of the worst hours ever produced for the show. " Space " was the ninth episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris Carter The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program NASA 's Space Shuttle, officially called Space Transportation System ( STS) is the United States government's current manned Launch ^[26]

According to Glen Morgan, the writers were inspired by a glowing New Yorker review noting the show's exploration of "suburban paranoia", and planned for more thematic unity in the second season: "the whole year was to be about the little green men that you and I create for ourselves. The New Yorker is an American Magazine that publishes reportage commentary criticism essays fiction satire cartoons and poetry Little green men are the stereotypical portrayal of extraterrestrials as little Humanoid -like creatures with green . . because there’re not nuclear missiles pointed at our heads, you can’t consolidate your fears there anymore. "^[30] However, the plan fell through quickly due to the pressure of the network TV schedule.

But by the end of the first season, Carter and his staff had come up with many of the general concepts of the mythology that would last throughout all nine seasons, whose outlines first appeared in Carter's Edgar Award-nominated season finale "The Erlenmeyer Flask", written in early 1994 before he knew whether the show was going to be canceled. The Edgar Allan Poe Awards (popularly called the Edgars) named after Edgar Allan Poe, are presented every year by the Mystery Writers of America. A season finale ( British English " last in the series " Australian English "season final" " The Erlenmeyer Flask " was the twenty-fourth and final episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction television series In the episode, The X-Files are closed down and Mulder and Scully are to be reassigned. The finale was the first episode directed by R. W. Goodwin, a senior producer (and husband of Sheila Larken, who played Scully's mother on the show) who went on to direct every season opening and closing episode for the next four years.

The X-Files was picked up for a second season despite finishing 102^nd out of the 118 shows in the U. S. Nielsen ratings. ^[36] It also received its first Emmy nod, for best title sequence. Title sequence generally refers to the method by which cinematic films or television shows present their title key cast and/or production members utilizing conceptual visuals The electronic theme song in the sequence, featuring eerie whistling sounds, was by Mark Snow and became very well known (club versions of the theme song have reached the pop charts in France, the UK^[37] and Australia, where a remix by Triple X became a number 2 hit in 1996^[38]). Electronic music is music that employs Electronic musical instruments and Electronic Music technology in its production The phrase theme music usually refers to that of a radio program, Television program, or Movie. Mark Snow (born Martin Fulterman on 26 August 1946 in New York City) is a prolific Composer for Film and Television Synonyms Since around the mid-1980s electronic dance music has enjoyed popularity in many Nightclubs and as of 2006 is the predominant type of music played in This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. A remix is an alternative version of a song different from the original version Snow's music scores for each episode, often dark, synthesized^[39] and ambient, were another distinctive aspect of The X-Files from its earliest years, as the show used more background music than typical of an hour long drama. Ambient music is a Musical genre in which sound is more important than notes Although background music was by the end of the 20th Century generally identified with Muzak or Elevator music, there are several stages in the development of this Dramatic programming is Television content that is scripted and (normally fictional ^[40] A soundtrack CD, The Truth and the Light, came out in 1996.

The show's mix of genres, the stressful schedule (22 or more episodes per season) and the shooting in different settings each week, required a large and experienced technical crew. A genre (ˈʒɑːnrə also /ˈdʒɑːnrə/ from French "kind" or "sort" from Latin: genus (stem gener-) is a loose set The Technical crew, often abbreviated to " tech crew " or " techies " are the individuals employed behind the scenes (backstage who control all the At least 300 in Vancouver were under the supervision of producer Goodwin, who called The X-Files "the most difficult show on television" and "the equivalent of making a feature film every eight days". ^[41] The first year, budgets were at times as low as $1 million. ^[28] By 1998, its final year in Vancouver, the show cost $2. 5 million per episode,^[42] most of which was not the stars' salaries. ^[43] The longtime crew included producers Joseph Patrick Finn and Paul Rabwin, in charge of post-production; production designer and art director Graeme Murray, who won two Emmys for his work on the show; film editor Heather MacDougall, who worked on 51 episodes and won an Emmy for "Kill Switch"; Emmy-nominated editor Stephen Mark, who also edited the 1998 film; sound designer Thierry Couturier, who won two Emmys, and whose son says "I made this" over the Ten Thirteen company logo;^[44] Mat Beck, visual effects supervisor (many were created on computer, unusual in early 1990s TV) for 91 episodes^[45] and also wrote the episode "Wetwired"; Emmy-nominated makeup artist Toby Lindala;^[46] and props master Kenneth Hawryliw, who later co-wrote the episode "Trevor". See also Filmmaking Post-production occurs in the making of motion pictures, television programs, Videos audio recordings Production designer is a term used in the movie and Television industries to refer to the person responsible for the overall look of a filmed event such as films The term art director is a blanket title for a variety of similar job functions in Advertising, Publishing, film and Television, the Internet Film editing is an art of storytelling practiced by connecting two or more shots together to form a sequence, and the subsequent connecting of sequences to form an A sound editor is a creative professional responsible for selecting and assembling Sound recordings in preparation for the final Sound mixing or Mastering Ten Thirteen Productions was a production company founded by Chris Carter in 1993, which produced four television series and two films ( The X-Files Visual effects (commonly shortened to Visual F/X or VFX) are the various processes by which imagery is created and/or manipulated outside the context of a Live Computer animation Computer-generated imagery (also known as CGI) is the application of the field of Computer graphics or more specifically 3D computer graphics A make-up artist or MUA is an artist who creates Makeup and prosthetics for theatrical, Television, Film, fashion magazines and other A theatrical property, commonly referred to as a prop, is any object held or used on stage by an Actor for use in furthering the plot or story line of a Theatrical

Season 2 (1994–1995)

As the series ended its first season, a problem had arisen for the producers: the pregnancy of Gillian Anderson, who played Dana Scully. Pregnancy ( Latin graviditas) is the carrying of one or more offspring known as a Fetus or Embryo, inside the Uterus of a Female Some network executives wanted the role recast, which Carter refused to do. ^[47] Another problem arose for Carter, who was unable to finish his planned season opening extravaganza. Morgan and Wong were asked to come up with a lower-key replacement,^[21] but their "Little Green Men" was nevertheless the first episode to actually show an alien and got the show's best ratings thus-far (with a 19% audience share). " Little Green Men " was the first episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by ^[5] The early part of the second season solidified Mulder and Scully's close relationship, even as the two had been separated on drudgery assignments in different departments when the X-Files had been closed at the end of season one. Due to her pregnancy, Anderson was largely demobilized from active scenes with Duchovny, which matched her character's confinement to teaching medical students at Quantico. The FBI Academy, located in Quantico Virginia, is the training grounds for new Special Agents of the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation During early episodes of season two, Scully is typically pictured only in closeup, at a desk, or conducting autopsies — one of her usual roles on The X-Files due to her training as a medical doctor. An autopsy, also known as a post-mortem examination, necropsy, or obduction, is a Medical procedure that consists of a thorough Examination

The beginning of the second season saw an increasingly frustrated and hopeless Mulder, having been reassigned at the FBI to tedious wiretaps. He also had his prior informant taken away and replaced by the far more reluctant and less friendly Mr. X (Steven Williams), who never fully revealed his true allegiances. X is a character on the television show The X-Files, played by Steven Williams. See also Stephen Williams For the murderer see 2003 John McDonogh High School shooting Steven Williams (born January 7 Carter's script "The Host" somewhat symbolized Mulder's frustration and loss of hope. " The Host " was the second episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris In the episode, he is given what he thinks is a dead-end assignment in Newark, New Jersey, literally sifting through sewage, which actually turns out to be an X-file — a giant mutant Flukeman who breeds in nuclear waste. Newark is the largest city in New Jersey, United States and the County seat of Essex County. Flukeman is a Fictional character in the Television show The X-Files, played by Darin Morgan. Radioactive wastes are Waste types containing radioactive Chemical elements that do not have a practical purpose Critics felt The X-Files of this period often consciously resembled classic B-movies in containing environmental and political morals,^[48] as in Carter's earlier "Darkness Falls" (about ancient forest bugs who exact revenge on Pacific Northwest loggers), Morgan and Wong's "Blood" (dealing with mind control from electronic devices and pesticide spraying), and Howard Gordon's script for "Sleepless" (about Vietnam veterans who had been guinea pigs in a cruel government experiment in sleep deprivation). A B movie is a motion picture made on a low or modest budget Originally the term was used for films intended for distribution as the less-publicized second half of a Double Environmentalism is a broad philosophy and Social movement centered on a concern for the conservation and improvement of the environment. " Darkness Falls " was the twentieth episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Ancient Woodland Old growth forest, (also termed primary forest, ancient forest, virgin forest, primeval forest, frontier The Pacific Northwest is a region in the northwest of North America (the term refers to the land not the ocean Logging is the process in which Trees are cut down for Forest management and Timber. " Blood " was the third episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris Carter Mind control is a broad range of psychological tactics able to subvert an individual's control of his own thinking, behavior emotions or decisions A pesticide is a substance or mixture of substances used to kill a pest. " Sleepless " was the fourth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris Vietnam Era veteran is a phrase used to describe someone who served in the armed forces of participating countries during the Vietnam War. The Guinea pig (also commonly called the cavy after its scientific name Cavia porcellus) is a species of Rodent belonging to the family Caviidae Notably, "Blood" was the first episode whose story credit went to Darin Morgan, the actor who had portrayed Flukeman and the brother of writer/producer Glen Morgan (of the Morgan and Wong writing team). Darin Morgan is an American screenwriter best known for several offbeat darkly humorous episodes of the television series The X-Files and Millennium "Sleepless" was the second X-Files episode directed by Rob Bowman, who would become one of the most prolific X-Files staff members behind the scenes, directing dozens of episodes as well as the 1998 feature film. "Sleepless" introduced Agent Alex Krycek (Nicholas Lea) as Mulder's new partner. Alex Krycek is a Fictional character played by Nicholas Lea on the FOX television series The X-Files. Nicholas Lea (born June 22, 1962 as Nicholas Christopher Schroeder, and later known as Nicholas Christopher Herbert) is a Canadian Their partnership would last only into the next two episodes, "Duane Barry" and "Ascension", which proved crucial to the fate of the series. " Duane Barry " was the fifth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris " Ascension " was the sixth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris Searching for a solution to the now acute problem of Anderson's pregnancy, Carter and his writers decided to have Scully abducted by Duane Barry (Steve Railsback), himself a likely alien abductee, in the episode, "Duane Barry. Duane Barry is a Fictional character from the television show The X-Files. Steve Railsback (born 16 November 1945 in Dallas Texas, the son of Emerett Spencer ( née Sanford and Clyde Webb Railsback " The episode was both written and directed by Carter (his debut) and received several Emmy nominations the following year. ^[49]

Anderson was not featured at all in the episode "3", but reappeared when Scully mysteriously returned in Morgan and Wong's "One Breath" (directed by R. " 3 " was the seventh episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris Carter " One Breath " was the eighth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris Carter W. Goodwin), an episode which consistently scores among the highest in fan ratings. ^[50] Scully's abduction provoked an existential crisis in Mulder. Existential crisis, derived from Existentialism, is the psychologic panic and discomfort experienced when a human confronts questions of existence Although the show left it up in the air for years as to who was directly responsible (aliens, the government, or some combination of both), the earlier episode "Sleepless" had foreshadowed the events with the Cigarette Smoking Man's declaration that "every problem has a solution" (referring to Scully). Foreshadowing is a literary device in which an Author drops subtle hints about plot developments to come later in the story. Scully was now seen to be firmly on Mulder's side in the larger conflict, regardless of her original role as a debunker and her continued skepticism towards the paranormal. A debunker is an individual who discredits and exposes claims as being false exaggerated unscientific or pretentious

After Scully's recovery (and the birth of Anderson's daughter, Piper), Mulder and Scully returned to work on the re-opened X-Files, investigating cases ranging from Haitian zombies ("Fresh Bones") to animal abductions ("Fearful Symmetry") and exorcism ("The Calusari"). Haiti ( English: ˈheɪ·tiː or haɪ·ˈjiː·tiː French Haïti a·i·ti Haitian Creole: zombie is a reanimated human corpse Stories of zombies originated in the Afro-Caribbean spiritual belief system of Vodou, which told of the people being controlled " Fresh Bones " was the fifteenth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris " Fearful Symmetry " was the eighteenth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Exorcism (from Late Latin exorcismus, from Greek exorkizein - to adjure is the practice of evicting Demons or other evil " The Calusari " was the twenty-first episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by This period would see the show gain more mainstream appeal, often earning winning scores during its Friday night timeslot. ^[51] Its Nielsen ratings rose to their highest peaks thus-far with the occult-themed "Die Hand Die Verletzt" and the epic "Colony"/"End Game". " Die Hand Die Verletzt " was the fourteenth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created " Colony " is the sixteenth episode of the second season of The X-Files, a science-fiction television series created by Chris " End Game " was the seventeenth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris ^[5] The latter was a two-part episode introducing the idea of colonization, the Alien Bounty Hunter, as well as the characters Bill (Peter Donat) and Teena (Rebecca Toolan) Mulder, Fox Mulder's parents. The Colonists are a fictional extraterrestrial species on the television show The X-Files, and also in the first feature film. The Alien Bounty Hunter (abbreviated as ABH) is a Fictional character in the Science fiction FOX TV series The X-Files Peter Donat (born 20 January 1928) is a Canadian/American actor known for his roles in American Television. "Die Hand Die Verletzt" was Morgan and Wong's final X-Files script until the fourth season, as they departed to start their own series Space: Above and Beyond, but at the same time there was new involvement behind the scenes. Space Above and Beyond (abbreviated as SAAB) was a short-lived 1990s American Science fiction Television show on the The episode also marked the X-Files directorial debut of Kim Manners, who would stay with the show until its end and direct the largest number of episodes of the series. Kim Manners is an American Television producer and director best known for his work on The X-Files and Supernatural On "Colony", star David Duchovny collaborated with Chris Carter on the story, the first of Duchovny's involvements in writing for the show. Frank Spotnitz, a new story editor brought on by Chris Carter, wrote "End Game", the second of the two-part episode; Spotnitz would be a producer and writer on The X-Files and other Ten Thirteen projects for years and had a key role in shaping the mythology. Frank Spotnitz (born November 17 1960 is an award-winning American television writer and producer best known for his work on The X-Files television series A script editor is a member of the production team of scripted Television programmes usually dramas and comedies The middle of the second season also saw "Irresistible", an episode directed by David Nutter and written by Chris Carter, which Carter later credited as a blueprint for his even darker show Millennium. " Irresistible " was the thirteenth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by David Nutter (born 1960 is an Emmy Award winning director. He is best known for directing pilot episodes for new television series Millennium is an American supernatural thriller and crime drama television series produced by Chris Carter (creator of The X-Files ^[31] This was the first non-paranormal episode of The X-Files, dealing with the trauma of investigating Donnie Pfaster, a "death fetishist" (so named instead of "necrophiliac" to get past the FOX censors). Donald Addie "Donnie" Pfaster appeared in the episodes "Irresistible" & "Orison" on the Science fiction TV series The X-Files Necrophilia, also called thanatophilia and necrolagnia, is the sexual attraction to corpses ^[52] A sequel, "Orison", was made in the seventh season.

During its second season, The X Files finished 64^th out of 141 shows, a marked improvement from the first season. The ratings were not spectacular, but the series had attracted enough fans to be classified as a "cult hit," particularly by Fox standards. Most importantly it made great gains among the 18-to-49 age demographic sought by advertisers. ^[51][29] The show was chosen as Best Television Show of 1994 by Entertainment Weekly and named best drama by the Television Critics Association, and it received seven Emmy nominations, mostly in the technical categories, with one nomination for best drama series. Entertainment Weekly (sometimes abbreviated as EW) is a Magazine published by Time Inc The Television Critics Association (or TCA) is a group of approximately 200 United States and Canadian journalists and columnists who cover Television See also Filmmaking Cinematic techniques are methods employed by film makers to communicate meaning entertain and to produce a particular emotional or ^[36] In 1995, The X-Files won a Golden Globe Award for best television drama, winning out over several more established series such as ER, Picket Fences and NYPD Blue. The Golden Globe Awards are American awards for motion pictures and Television programs given out each year during a formal dinner ER is an Emmy Award -winning American Medical drama series created by Novelist Michael Crichton and airing on Picket Fences is a 60-minute television drama centering around the residents of the fictional community of Rome Wisconsin. NYPD Blue is an American television police drama set in New York City, exploring the internal and external struggles of the fictional 15th precinct ^[53]

The last weeks of season two brought more changes, beginning what some saw as The X-Files' peak creative period. ^[54] The Edgar Award-nominated "Humbug", an unconventional standalone episode about a small town inhabited by circus sideshow performers, was the first script fully written by Darin Morgan. The Edgar Allan Poe Awards (popularly called the Edgars) named after Edgar Allan Poe, are presented every year by the Mystery Writers of America. " Humbug " was the twentieth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris In America a sideshow is an extra secondary production associated with a circus, carnival fair or other such attraction At the time it was also considered a risky experiment, as it was the first outright comedy episode. Comedy (from the Greek κωμωδίαkomodia has a popular meaning (any discourse generally intended to amuse especially in Television, Film, and Gillian Anderson famously swallowed a real cricket in one ad-libbed scene. ^[55] Eventual senior writer Vince Gilligan also offered his first episode, the darker sci-fi "Soft Light", guest starring Tony Shalhoub as a remorseful physicist whose shadow kills people. " Soft Light " was the twenty-third episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Anthony Marcus “Tony” Shalhoub (born October 9, 1953) is an American Television, Theater and Film Actor. Particle physics is a branch of Physics that studies the elementary constituents of Matter and Radiation, and the interactions between them

Season two ended in May 1995 with "Anasazi" (co-written by Carter with David Duchovny), which attracted widespread attention with its cliffhanger ending^[51] and put the future of the mythology up in the air. " Anasazi " is the second season finale of the television series The X-Files. A cliffhanger or cliffhanger ending is a Plot device in which a movie, Novel, or other work of fiction contains an abrupt ending often leaving In the episode, Mulder and Scully are contacted by a computer hacker who has gained access to the Majestic-12 documents. Majestic 12 (also known as Majic 12, Majestic Trust, M12, MJ 12, MJ XII or Majority 12) is the purported Code Now-free agent Alex Krycek also made his first reappearance since "Ascension". The episode began a three-part arc, the show's most ambitious mythology episodes thus-far, which extended into the third season and centering around Navajo former code talker, Albert Hosteen (Floyd Red Crow Westerman). The Navajo or Diné people (also spelled Navaho) of the Southwestern United States Floyd "Red Crow" Westerman ( August 17, 1936 &ndash December 13, 2007) was a Dakota musician activist and actor ^[56] The show could not afford location filming, so a rock quarry in British Columbia was painted to match the desert hues of the American Southwest. British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C The Southwestern area of the United States could be defined as the states west of the Mississippi River, with the qualification of a certain northern limit such as the 37 ^[9] Outside the U. S. , The X-Files was by now one of the most popular shows in the world,^[54] and was being broadcast in (approximately) 60 countries. ^[15]

Season 3 (1995–1996)

Continuing from "Anasazi", "The Blessing Way" and "Paper Clip" opened the third season, bringing in the involvement of former Nazi scientists, formally introducing the leading conspiracy member Well-Manicured Man (John Neville), and containing revelations about both Mulder and Scully's families. " The Blessing Way " is the third season premiere of the television series The X-Files. A paper clip (or sometimes paperclip) is a device which holds several sheets of Paper together by means of Pressure: it leaves the paper intact and Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German The Well-Manicured Man (abbreviated to WMM) is a Fictional character played by John Neville on the 1990s Television series The X-Files John Neville, CM, OBE (born May 2 1925) is an English Theatre and film Actor who moved to Canada in 1972 Ratings-wise, "The Blessing Way" was the most successful X-Files episode thus far. ^[5]

The third season confirmed the existence of extraterrestrial life within the show^[57] and suggested that a shadowy international consortium known as the Syndicate were conspiring with the aliens to colonize Earth. Extraterrestrial life is Life originating outside of the Earth. The Syndicate is a fictional " Shadow government " group featured in The X-Files television show and feature film created by This would be achieved via use of the so-called black oil, introduced in the two-part "Piper Maru"/"Apocrypha. Black Oil is a creation of the TV series The X-Files, starring David Duchovny and Gillian Anderson. " Piper Maru " is the fifteenth episode of the third season of the television series The X-Files. " However, the season's other main mythology episodes, "Nisei" and "731", continued to call some of these conclusions into question. " Nisei " is the ninth episode of the third season of television series The X-Files. " 731 " is the tenth episode of the third season of television series The X-Files. Chris Carter began to receive criticism for posing as many questions as answers in the mythology, while the mythology episodes were also praised for their increasingly Hollywood-like production values. ^[58] "Nisei" received Emmy Awards for its sound editing and mixing. A sound editor is a creative professional responsible for selecting and assembling Sound recordings in preparation for the final Sound mixing or Mastering Audio mixing is the process by which a multitude of sound sources are combined into one or more channels Season three was noted for its wide variety of "monster of the week" episodes. "Pusher", the second effort by writer Vince Gilligan, depicted the cold blooded Robert Patrick Modell, a man who could control people telepathically (a sequel, "Kitsunegari", came two years later in the fifth season). " Pusher " is the seventeenth episode of the third season of The X-Files. Robert Patrick Modell, also known as Pusher, is a character from the TV show, The X-Files. " Kitsunegari " (which when literally translated from Japanese means "fox hunt" is the eight episode of season 5 of the television series The X-Files Simultaneously, the show continued to yield darker episodes, such as "The Walk" (a mysterious deadly force in a veterans hospital), "Oubliette" (a metaphysical connection between a recently kidnapped girl and another woman) and "Grotesque" (Mulder's descent into the world of a gargoyle-possessed killer, which received an Emmy for John Bartley's cinematography). " The Walk " is the seventh episode of the third season of television series The X-Files. " Oubliette " is the eighth episode of the third season of The X-Files. " Grotesque " is the fourteenth episode of the third season of the television series The X-Files. See also Filmmaking Cinematography (from Greek: kinesis κινησις (movement and grapho γραφω (to record is the discipline

Behind the scenes, Darin Morgan continued his involvement with the show, becoming The X-Files' most critically acclaimed writer. Darin Morgan is an American screenwriter best known for several offbeat darkly humorous episodes of the television series The X-Files and Millennium ^[59] Despite intense perfectionism and having been unsatisfied with his well-received "Humbug",^[60] Morgan managed to turn in three dark comedy episodes which were considered original for the show. Black comedy, also known as black humor or dark comedy, is a sub-genre of Comedy and Satire where topics and events that are usually regarded The first of these, "Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose", concerned a St. Paul insurance salesman (Peter Boyle) who could predict death. " Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose " is the fourth episode of the third season of television series The X-Files. Saint Paul ( abbreviated St Paul) is the capital and second most populous city in the U Peter Lawrence "Pete" Boyle ( October 18, 1935 &ndash December 12, 2006) was an American Actor. It won Emmys for best writing and guest actor Boyle, and comes in very high in fan polls of favorite episodes. ^[61] "War of the Coprophages" was Morgan's parody-tribute to H.G. Wells/Orson Welles' War of the Worlds, this time with an infestation of cockroaches driving a town to hysteria. " War of the Coprophages " is the twelfth episode of the third season of television series The X-Files. Herbert George Wells (21 September 1866 &ndash 13 August 1946 He was an outspoken socialist and a pacifist, his later works becoming increasingly political George Orson Welles (May 6 1915 – October 10 1985 was an Academy Award -winning director, writer actor and producer for film stage radio and television The War of the Worlds (1898 by H G Wells, is an early Science fiction Novel which describes an invasion of England by Cockroaches (or simply "roaches" are Insects of the order Blattaria. It also mocked the sexual tension between Mulder and Scully by introducing the attractive female entomologist Dr. Entomology (from Greek grc ἔντομος entomos, "that which is cut in pieces or engraved/segmented" hence "insect" and grc -λογία Bambi Berenbaum. A similar technique was also used in Chris Carter's own "Syzygy", only one week later, leading to what some viewers felt was a comedy overdose. " Syzygy " is the thirteenth episode of the third season of television series The X-Files. ^[62] Morgan's third effort of the season, and his final episode as an X-Files script writer, was "Jose Chung's 'From Outer Space'", which presented multiple perspectives as in Kurosawa's Rashomon, and made fun of the X-Files mythology while remaining consistent with it. " Jose Chung 's From Outer Space " is the twentieth episode of the third season of The X-Files. Perspective in theory of Cognition is the choice of a context or a Reference (or the result of this choice from which to Sense, Categorize is a 1950 Japanese film directed by Akira Kurosawa, working in close collaboration with Cinematographer Kazuo Miyagawa. Graeme Murray and Shirley Inget were nominated for an Emmy for art direction. Morgan would later write a sequel also involving the writer Jose Chung (Charles Nelson Reilly), for Chris Carter's other series, Millennium in 1998. Jose Chung is a fictional writer, created by Darin Morgan, who appears in The X-Files episode Jose Chung's ''From Outer Space'' and Charles Nelson Reilly (January 13 1931 – May 25 2007 was an American Actor, Comedian, director and drama teacher known for his comedic Millennium is an American supernatural thriller and crime drama television series produced by Chris Carter (creator of The X-Files

In the spring of 1996, The X-Files began to achieve wide recognition. In addition to its eight Emmy nominations in its third season, of which it won five, it was awarded a George Foster Peabody Award for excellence in television broadcasting. The George Foster Peabody Awards, better known as simply the Peabody Awards, are annual international awards for excellence in Radio and Television broadcasting Both David Duchovny and Gillian Anderson were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for the first time, and Anderson won. The Screen Actors Guild Awards are an annual award given by the Screen Actors Guild (SAG to recognize outstanding performances by members Both actors were also nominated for Golden Globe Awards. The Golden Globe Awards are American awards for motion pictures and Television programs given out each year during a formal dinner Guest stars in season 3 included Jesse Ventura and Alex Trebek (both "men in black" in "Jose Chung's"), Giovanni Ribisi and Jack Black (in "D.P.O.", about a young man who can control lightning), Lucy Liu and B.D. Wong (in "Hell Money", about mysterious and deadly occurrences in the Chinese immigrant community), JT Walsh (in "The List", about the reincarnation of a death row prisoner), and R. Lee Ermey (in "Revelations", about a stigmatic boy, played by Kevin Zegers, the first of several episodes in the series to deal directly with Scully's Catholic faith). Jesse Ventura (born July 15, 1951 as James George Janos) also known as "The Body", "The Star", and "The George Alexander "Alex" Trebek (born July 22 1940 is an Emmy Award -winning Canadian - American In The X-Files television show The Men in Black ( MIB for short and singular Man in Black) refer unofficially to a group of enforcers Antonino Giovanni Ribisi (born December 17, 1974) is an American Actor. Thomas Jack Black Jr (born August 28 1969 is an American Actor, Comedian and Musician. " DPO " is the third episode of the third season of television series The X-Files. Lightning is an atmospheric discharge of Electricity, which typically occurs during Thunderstorms and sometimes during volcanic eruptions or Lucy Alexis Liu ( born December 2, 1968) is an American actress. Bradley Darryl “BD” Wong (born October 24, 1960) is an American Tony Award -winning Actor, best-known for his role in the Broadway " Hell Money " is the nineteenth episode of the third season of The X-Files. The term Chinese people may refer to any of the following A person who resides in and holds citizenship of the People's Republic of China (including Hong James Thomas Patrick Walsh ( September 28, 1943 – February 27, 1998) was an American Character actor known for his roles " The List " is the fifth episode of the third season of television series The X-Files. Death row is a term that refers to the section of a Prison that houses individuals awaiting execution. Ronald Lee Ermey (born March 24 1944 is a former US Marine Corps Drill instructor and later Golden Globe -nominated Actor, often playing " Revelations " is the eleventh episode of the third season of television series The X-Files. Stigmata are bodily marks sores or sensations of pain in locations corresponding to the Crucifixion wounds of Jesus. Kevin Joseph Zegers (born September 19 1984 is a Canadian Actor and model. Black, Ribisi and Liu were not widely known at the time they appeared on The X-Files. Dave Grohl also had a cameo in the "Pusher". David Eric Grohl (born January 14 1969 is an American rock musician Singer and Songwriter. A cameo role or cameo appearance (often shortened to just cameo) is a brief appearance of a known person in a work of the Performing arts, such as ^[63] His rock band, Foo Fighters, were fans of the show, and contributed songs to the compilation album, Songs in the Key of X, released that spring. Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. Foo Fighters is an American Alternative rock and Post-grunge band formed by singer/guitarist Dave Grohl in 1995 They also contributed to The X-Files film two years later (see below for other pop culture inspirations).

The final part of the season brought the episode "Avatar" (the first episode centered around Mitch Pileggi's Assistant Director Walter Skinner, who was being punished by the Syndicate for his efforts on behalf of Mulder and Scully), "Quagmire" (about a lake monster; the famous "conversation on the rock" between Mulder and Scully was added by script editor Darin Morgan as his last contribution to The X-Files^[64]), "Wetwired" (an episode involving a conspiracy to send subliminal messages in TV reception), and season finale "Talitha Cumi", which introduced Jeremiah Smith (Roy Thinnes), an alien with healing powers. " Avatar " is the twenty-first episode of the third season of The X-Files. Mitchell Craig "Mitch" Pileggi (born April 5, 1952) is an American actor Walter Sergei Skinner is a Fictional character played by Mitch Pileggi on the Fox television series The X-Files. " Quagmire " is the twenty-second episode of the third season of The X-Files. Lake monster or loch monster is the name given to large unknown animals which have purportedly been sighted in and/or are believed to dwell in freshwaters although their existence " Wetwired " is the twenty-third episode of the third season of The X-Files. A subliminal message is a signal or message embedded in another medium designed to pass below the normal limits of the human Mind 's perception " Talitha Cumi " is the season three finale of The X-Files. Roy Thinnes (born April 6, 1938) is an American Television Actor. The finale had a complex plot, tying back to Mulder's mother's past with the Cigarette Smoking Man. One scene, produced by writers Chris Carter and David Duchovny, was modeled directly after "The Grand Inquisitor" chapter from Dostoevsky's The Brothers Karamazov. The Grand Inquisitor is a Parable told by Ivan to Alyosha in Fyodor Dostoevsky 's novel The Brothers Karamazov ( 1879 Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (Фёдор Миха́йлович Достое́вский, sometimes transliterated Dostoyevsky, Dostoievsky, The Brothers Karamazov (Братья Карамазовы /'bratʲjə karə'mazəvɨ/ is the final Novel by the Russian author Fyodor Dostoevsky ^[65] The episode was again a cliffhanger, "to be continued" in the next season. A cliffhanger or cliffhanger ending is a Plot device in which a movie, Novel, or other work of fiction contains an abrupt ending often leaving

Season 4 (1996–1997)

The next season began with The X-Files' highest ratings success to that point, with "Herrenvolk". Herrenvolk is the season four premiere of The X-Files. While Mulder and Jeremiah Smith attempt to uncover the truth the Syndicate ^[5] The season premiere introduced several new elements to the conspiracy: "killer bees" designed to unleash smallpox, clones and alien hybrids, United Nations Special Representative Marita Covarrubias (played by Laurie Holden), and the removal of a previous important character. In television a season première refers to the first episode of a new Television season for a series that has been renewed. "Killer bee" redirects here For other uses see Killer bees. Smallpox is an Infectious disease unique to humans caused by either of two virus variants named Variola major and Variola minor. This page refers to the Irish town For other uses see Clones (disambiguation, or Clone Clones (Cluain Eois &ndash ˈkloʊnɪs In Biology, hybrid has two meanings The first meaning is the result of interbreeding between two animals or plants of different taxa. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security The system of diplomatic rank has over time been formalised on an international basis Marita Covarrubias is a Fictional character on the Television series The X-Files. Laurie Heather Holden (born December 17, 1972) is an American / Canadian Actress. Covarrubias became an informer to Mulder and Scully in several episodes in the season, such as "Teliko" and "Unrequited. " Teliko " is the third episode of the fourth season of The X-Files. " Unrequited " is the sixteenth episode of the fourth season of television series The X-Files. " However it was the horror episode "Home", signaling the return of Morgan and Wong as writers after their canceled Space: Above and Beyond, that was most noticed. Horror fiction is broadly Fiction in any medium intended to scare unsettle or horrify the audience " Home " is the second episode of season four of The X-Files. "Home" told the story of an inbred family of murderers in rural Pennsylvania, with references to The Andy Griffith Show and grisly violence contrasted with calm, becoming a hit with many fans ("X-Philes") and dividing others. Inbreeding is breeding between close Relatives whether plant or animal The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern The Andy Griffith Show is an American sitcom first televised by CBS between October 3 1960 and April 1 ^[66] FOX's Standards and Practices department granted it a rare TV-MA "Parental Advisory" rating and refused to ever air it again,^[67] though the episode later went into syndication. In the United States, Standards and Practices (also referred to as Broadcast Standards and Practices or BS&P) is the name traditionally given to the department Two major changes occurred behind the scenes in the autumn of 1996, during the early part of the fourth season. Chris Carter's new series Millennium, also produced in Vancouver, debuted on Friday nights. Millennium is an American supernatural thriller and crime drama television series produced by Chris Carter (creator of The X-Files As a result, The X-Files was moved from Friday night to Sunday, seen as a key to better ratings success, although Carter was initially wary^[68] and the decision was controversial with the show's audience. ^[69] The first episode to air in the new time period was "Unruhe", written by Vince Gilligan and directed by Rob Bowman. " Unruhe " is the fourth episode of the fourth season of The X-Files. It was one of the series' darkest episodes, dealing with a man (played by Pruitt Taylor Vince) who lobotomizes women and can project his fantasies in "thought photography". Pruitt Taylor Vince (born July 5, 1960) is an American award-winning Character actor who has made many appearances in film and television A lobotomy ( Greek: lobos Lobe of Brain, tomos "cut/slice" is a form of Psychosurgery, also known as a leukotomy or Gilligan also wrote "Paper Hearts", an emotional episode for Mulder, twisting his memories of his sister's disappearance with a case involving an unrepentant child killer. " Paper Hearts " is the tenth episode of the fourth season of television series The X-Files. Samantha Ann Mulder (born November 21, 1965) is a Fictional character in the Television series The X-Files.

Wong and Morgan contributed their own, possibly non-canon addition to the mythology,^[70] "Musings of a Cigarette Smoking Man", which referenced Shakespearian history, tied The X-Files to real life conspiracy theories about the assassinations of President John F. Kennedy and civil rights leader Reverend Martin Luther King, and was the first episode in which neither Mulder or Scully appears on screen (except in flashback). This article is not about Literary canons of influential works of fiction but about the concept of a canon which defines the world of a particular fictional series " Musings of a Cigarette Smoking Man " is the seventh episode of the fourth season of the television series The X-Files. William Shakespeare ( baptised Henry IV Part 1 is a History play by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written no later than 1597 A conspiracy theory attributes the ultimate cause of an event or chain of events (usually Political, Social or Historical events or the concealment The assassination of John F Kennedy, the thirty-fifth President of the United States, took place on Friday November 22 1963 in Dallas Texas Martin Luther King Jr ( January 15, 1929 April 4, 1968) was an American clergyman, Activist and prominent leader In history film television and other media a flashback (also called analepsis) is an interjected scene that takes the narrative back in time from the current The death of Lone Gunmen member Frohike was originally going to be in the episode, before Carter nixed the idea, but the scene was actually shot by director James Wong. ^[70] Chris Owens, later to play other roles for the show, first appeared in this episode as the young CSM. Chris Owens may refer to Chris Owens (actor (born 1961 Canadian television actor Chris Owens (basketball (born 1979 American basketball The action-oriented "Tunguska" and "Terma" were the more traditional mythology episodes for the autumn sweeps period, sending Mulder and Krycek to a Russian gulag and involving the black oil and the Syndicate closely. " Tunguska " is the eighth episode of the fourth season of the television series The X-Files. " Terma " is the ninth episode of the fourth season of the television series The X-Files. The Gulag was the government agency that administered the penal labor camps of the Soviet Union. X-Files ratings by the middle of the fourth season were as high as they had ever been,^[5] and by autumn 1996 it was the FOX network's most popular show. ^[9]

Many episodes of the fourth season were character driven, such as "The Field Where I Died" and "Demons", both about Mulder trying to recover his past, or past lives. UserScottandrewhutchins: http//enwikipediaorg/w/indexphp?title=Characterization&diff=next&oldid=157919139 --> Characterization is a process of conveying " The Field Where I Died " is the fifth episode of the fourth season of television series The X-Files. " Demons " is the twenty-third episode of the fourth season of television series The X-Files. "Never Again", Morgan and Wong's final episode of the series, centered on Scully's personal life, with Jodie Foster providing the voice of a tattoo. " Never Again " is the thirteenth episode of the fourth season of the television series The X-Files. Alicia Christian "Jodie" Foster (born November 19 1962 is a two-time Academy Award, BAFTA, and Golden Globe -award winning American It had originally been planned as a collaboration with director Quentin Tarantino,^[71] but Tarantino was not allowed to work in network television because he was not a member of the Directors Guild of America. Quentin Jerome Tarantino (born March 27, 1963) is an Academy Award - BAFTA Award - and Palme d'Or -winning Emmy - and Directors Guild of America ( DGA) is the labor union which represents the interests of film and television directors in the United States ^[72] The episode was ultimately directed by Rob Bowman, with an homage to Alfred Hitchcock's Frenzy. Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, KBE (13 Frenzy is a 1972 thriller film directed by Alfred Hitchcock, and is the Penultimate feature film of his extensive career FOX had attained rights to broadcast Super Bowl XXXI in January 1997 and planned to showcase The X-Files in the premier post-game slot. Super Bowl XXXI was an American football game played on January 26 1997 at the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans Louisiana to decide the National As a result, "Never Again" was bumped to the next week, and "Leonard Betts", a stylish and gory monster-of-the-week episode about an EMT (played by Paul McCrane) who was decapitated and could regrow his body, received the coveted spot (episodes of The X-Files were often aired slightly out of production order). " Leonard Betts " is the twelfth episode of the fourth season of the television series The X-Files. The Emergency Medical Technician ( EMT) exists in many countries and is a health care provider trained to provide prehospital emergency medical care Paul David McCrane (born January 19, 1961) is a Grammy Award -nominated American movie, Television and Theatre Decapitation (from Latin, caput, capitis, meaning head or beheading, is the cutting off of the head of a person or animal In Biology, an Organism is said to regenerate a lost or damaged part if the part regrows so that the original function is restored "Leonard Betts" became the all time most-watched X-Files episode, with 17. 2 Nielsen rating and 29% audience share. ^[5] It was also the first episode to be written by the team of Vince Gilligan, John Shiban and Frank Spotnitz, who were responsible for many episodes during the show's middle-to-late era.

The air date of "Leonard Betts" became relevant because the final scenes of the episode were central to the ongoing story arc of the show and led directly into the events of "Memento Mori", in which it is revealed that Dana Scully has contracted terminal brain cancer. A story arc is an extended or continuing storyline in episodic storytelling media such as Television, Comic books Comic strips " Memento Mori " is the fourteenth episode of the fourth season of the television series The X-Files. A brain tumor is any intracranial Tumor created by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division, normally either in the Brain itself ( Neurons When originally aired, however, the episode "Never Again" came between these, implying Scully's behavior in that episode was a result of her diagnosis; Gillian Anderson said she would have played the role completely differently if that had been the case. ^[71] Nevertheless, Anderson's performances during the fourth season "cancer arc" were praised. She won an Emmy for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series in 1997, as well as her second straight Screen Actors Guild award and a Golden Globe. This is a list of winners of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series. The Screen Actors Guild ( SAG) is an American labor union representing over 120000 Film and television principal performers and background The Golden Globe Awards are American awards for motion pictures and Television programs given out each year during a formal dinner "Memento Mori" relied on extended emotional voiceovers, a technique that had become increasingly common in the show over the years, as Scully came to grips with her illness while simultaneously investigating its origins, leading back to her own abduction. The term voice-over refers to a production technique where a non-diagetic voice is broadcast live or pre-recorded in Radio, Television, Film, Mulder, Walter Skinner and the Cigarette Smoking Man all became dramatically involved, which played out in the later episode "Zero Sum", one of the few episodes of the show not to feature Anderson's involvement, although the events were driven by Scully's worsening condition, as well as the Syndicate's plans for unleashing killer bees. For the Game theory concept see Zero-sum. " Zero Sum " is the twenty-first episode of the fourth season of television series The

Once Scully had contracted cancer, she continued to work in her former capacity as Mulder's partner investigating X-Files, apparently debilitated only by occasional nosebleeds, though the issue of mortality was again addressed in "Elegy" late in the season. Epistaxis (or a nosebleed in Plain English) is the relatively common occurrence of Hemorrhage from the Nose, usually noticed when the blood drains " Elegy " is the twenty-second episode of the fourth season of television series The X-Files. In the intervening time, notable episodes included the two-part "Tempus Fugit" and "Max", in which Max Fenig from season one's "Fallen Angel" returned briefly as the agents investigated mysterious "lost time" in a deadly plane crash, loosely modeled on TWA Flight 800. See also Tempus fugit " Tempus Fugit " is the seventeenth episode of the fourth season of television series The X-Files " Max " is the eighteenth episode of the fourth season of television series The X-Files. An aviation accident is defined in the International Civil Aviation Organization Annex 13 Trans World Airlines (TWA Flight 800 was a scheduled international passenger flight from John F

Amidst what was considered the show's darkest year, "Small Potatoes" provided a lighter tone. " Small Potatoes " is the twentieth episode of the fourth season of television series The X-Files. ^[73] The episode was written by Vince Gilligan, and featured departed X-Files writer and former Flukeman Darin Morgan in the role of Eddie Van Blundht, a shape-shifting self-described "loser" who becomes the focus of Scully and Mulder's investigation of a West Virginia town where children are being born with tails. West Virginia ( is a state in the Appalachian Upland South, and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, bordered by The final scenes of the episode provided "shippers" with the sight of "Mulder" and Scully finally together, the first of many such jokes by the writers in later seasons. Shipping, derived from the word "relationship" is a general term for fans' emotional and/or intellectual involvement with the ongoing development of romance in Season 4 ended with "Gethsemane", a resolution which appeared to leave one main character near death and kill off the other one, as well as turning his entire belief system into a house of cards. " Gethsemane " is the fourth season finale of television series The X-Files.

Season 5 (1997–1998)

When season 5 opened, to the show's best numbers ever^[5] (with the exception of "Leonard Betts"), it turned out Fox Mulder was still alive, having gone into hiding after becoming involved with Michael Kritschgau, a renegade Department of Defense employee. The United States Department of Defense ( DOD or DoD) is the federal department charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government The continuation of the three-part arc with "Redux" and "Redux II" brought Scully's metastasizing cancer to the fore, as Mulder continued to question his own ideas about aliens and government conspiracies, while working to find a cure to a disease he believes the government gave Scully. " Redux " is the fifth season premiere of television series The X-Files. " Redux II " is the second episode of the fifth season of television series The X-Files. Metastasis ( Greek: displacement μετά=next + στάσις=placement, plural metastases) sometimes abbreviated mets, Scully is finally cured, though it's unclear what has caused the intervention, and what sacrifices have been made for the end. Skinner's loyalties are in question, and the Cigarette Smoking Man is seemingly put out of commission by the Syndicate.

These events were soon followed by Chris Carter's "The Post-Modern Prometheus", which he both wrote and directed. " The Post-Modern Prometheus " is the fifth episode of season 5 of television series The X-Files. It was the show's only episode filmed entirely in black-and-white, a retelling of the story of Frankenstein (subtitled by author Mary Shelley, The Modern Prometheus), mixed with allusions to Young Frankenstein, Jerry Springer, comic books, David Lynch's The Elephant Man, and Cher. Black-and-white is a number of Monochrome forms in Visual arts. Frankenstein or The Modern Prometheus, generally known as Frankenstein, is a Novel written by the British author Mary Shelley Mary Shelley ( Née Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin; 30 August Young Frankenstein is a 1974 Comedy film directed by Mel Brooks, starring Gene Wilder as the title character The Jerry Springer Show is a television Tabloid talk show hosted by Jerry Springer, a former politician broadcast in the United States and other A comic book (often shortened to simply comic and sometimes called a comic paper or comic magazine) is a Magazine or Book of narrative David Keith Lynch (born January 20 1946 is an American director, Screenwriter, producer, painter, Cartoonist, Composer The Elephant Man is a 1980 Biopic loosely based on the story of the 19th century British deformed celebrity Joseph Merrick (called John Cher ( IPA: /ʃɛr/ born Cherilyn Sarkisian, May 20 1946 Carter earned his second DGA nomination for his work. Directors Guild of America ( DGA) is the labor union which represents the interests of film and television directors in the United States A few months earlier in 1997, The X-Files had received its largest awards recognition yet for its fourth season, with 12 Emmy nominations including best drama series, sound mixing, makeup, music, directing, writing, two nominations for editing, and wins for sound editing, art direction, and Anderson. Audio mixing is the process by which a multitude of sound sources are combined into one or more channels A composer (literally meaning 'one who puts together' is a person who creates Music, usually in the medium of notation, for Interpretation and Performance A television director directs the activities involved in making a Television Episode. See also Pre-production Screenplay Screenwriting is the art and craft of writing scripts for Film, Television or Video games Film editing is an art of storytelling practiced by connecting two or more shots together to form a sequence, and the subsequent connecting of sequences to form an A sound editor is a creative professional responsible for selecting and assembling Sound recordings in preparation for the final Sound mixing or Mastering The term art director is a blanket title for a variety of similar job functions in Advertising, Publishing, film and Television, the Internet Duchovny was also nominated at both this event and at the Golden Globes, where along with Anderson's win, he won best actor in a TV drama and the show itself won that category for a second year — taking all three top awards. Dramatic programming is Television content that is scripted and (normally fictional The X-Files also won a second Saturn Award for best genre television series, and Anderson won for best actress; these awards were given by the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Horror Films. The Saturn Award is an award presented annually by the Academy of Science Fiction Fantasy & Horror Films to honor the top works in Science fiction, Fantasy ^[49]

Chris Carter's contract with FOX ran through the fifth season,^[36] and he and the stars had originally preferred to stop there,^[68] turning The X-Files into a series of films; but the show was such a hit that FOX was intent to continue it on TV in some form, and Carter was convinced to sign a new contract, retaining creative control. ^[74] In a very rare move for a show still in production,^[2] a feature film of The X-Files had been planned by Carter ever since the show achieved commercial success in season two. In the Film industry, a feature film is a Film made for initial distribution in theaters and being the "main attraction" of the screening ^[26] The film's scripts were printed in red ink on red paper to ensure secrecy by making it impossible to photocopy,^[43] and it was largely filmed in California between season four's "Gethsemane" and season five's resumption of the plot with "Redux", pushing back the debut date for the season to November 1997 and resulting in the fifth being (until the ninth) the shortest season, only 20 episodes. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. ^[75]

As a result, several episodes in season five featured either Scully or Mulder at the expense of the other, to make time for personal projects or re-shoots on the film throughout the season (both stars were now reportedly receiving the same pay, $100,000 per episode^[43]). "Christmas Carol" and "Emily", written by the team of Spotnitz, Gilligan and Shiban, were the first mythology episodes mostly centered around Scully. " Christmas Carol " is the " Emily " is the seventh In "Christmas Carol", she receives further information about her abduction, coinciding with the mysterious arrival of a young child into her life.

Another result was that two episodes of the season, "Unusual Suspects" and "Travelers", focused on the origins of The Lone Gunmen in 1989 and the origin of the X-File cases at the FBI during the McCarthy era in the 1950s, respectively. " Unusual Suspects " is the third episode of the fifth season of television series The X-Files. The Lone Gunmen are a trio of Fictional characters Richard "Ringo" Langly Melvin Frohike and John Fitzgerald Byers who had recurring roles on The X-Files McCarthyism is a term describing the intense anti-communist suspicion in the United States in a period that lasted roughly from the late 1940s to the late 1950s Duchovny appears only briefly in the episodes, and Anderson is in neither. Richard Belzer guest starred in "Unusual Suspects", playing Detective John Munch of Homicide & Law & Order: SVU. Richard Jay Belzer (born August 4, 1944) is an American stand up comedian, Writer, and Actor, perhaps best known for John Munch is a fictional Detective Sergeant played by actor Richard Belzer. Homicide Life on the Street is an American Television Police procedural series chronicling the work of a fictional Baltimore Law & Order Special Victims Unit (also known as Law & Order SVU or simply SVU) is an American Drama "Unusual Suspects" was later followed up in the sixth season with "Three of a Kind", and these episodes about Lone Gunmen John Fitzgerald Byers (Bruce Harwood), Richard "Ringo" Langly (Dean Haglund), and Melvin Frohike (Tom Braidwood) later became the basis for a short-lived spinoff in 2001. John Fitzgerald Byers is a Fictional character in the Television shows The X-Files and The Lone Gunmen, played by Bruce Bruce Harwood (born April 29, 1963) is a Canadian Actor known for his role of John Fitzgerald Byers, one of The Lone Gunmen on Richard “Ringo” Langly is a Fictional character in the Television shows The X-Files and The Lone Gunmen. Dean Haglund (born July 29, 1965) is a Canadian Actor known for the role of Richard "Ringo" Langly, one of The Lone Gunmen Melvin Frohike is a Fictional character in the Television shows The X-Files and The Lone Gunmen, played by Tom Braidwood Tom Braidwood (born September 27, 1948) is a Canadian Actor known for the role of Melvin Frohike, one of the conspiracy theorists The Lone Gunmen is a Television show created by Chris Carter and broadcast on FOX.

Also, due to the approaching widespread use of HDTV, and the fact that they had just filmed 'The X-Files: Fight The Future' in a typical 2:35:1 widescreen aspect ratio, producers decided that they would film the rest of the series in an 1:78:1 ratio in order to expand upon the feel that each episode was a miniature movie. High-definition television (HDTV is a Digital television Broadcasting system with higher resolution than traditional television systems (standard-definition The X-Files is a 1998 Science fiction film based on the television series of the same name. A widescreen image is a film computer or television image with a wider and shorter aspect ratio than the standard Academy frame developed during the Classical The aspect ratio of a Shape is the ratio of its longer Dimension to its shorter dimension

Early in 1998, the show, largely written by a staff of regulars,^[26] aired its first episodes by well-known guest writers. Stephen King contributed "Chinga" (also known as "Bunghoney"), about a demonic doll, which was co-written with Chris Carter and featured Scully investigating the case, between tongue-in-cheek phone conversations with Mulder. Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American Author, Screenwriter, Musician, Columnist, " Chinga " is the tenth episode of season 5 of the television series The X-Files. The episode, directed by Kim Manners, received mixed reviews. Next up was "Kill Switch", written by cyberpunk author William Gibson along with Tom Maddox. Cyberpunk is a Science fiction genre noted for its focus on " High tech and low life. William Ford Gibson (born March 17 1948 is an American - Canadian writer who has been called the "noir prophet" of the Cyberpunk subgenre Tom Maddox is an American Science fiction writer known for his part in the early Cyberpunk movement The episode covered issues of virtual reality and received better reception. Virtual reality ( VR) is a technology which allows a user to interact with a Computer-simulated environment be it a real or imagined one ^[76] Then an episode aired where both Mulder and Scully's diverging viewpoints on a vampire case were presented, and humorously contrasted. Vampires are mythological or folkloric revenants who subsist by feeding on the blood of the living Vince Gilligan's "Bad Blood", another pairing with "Small Potatoes" director Cliff Bole, was a fan favorite^[77] and featured Luke Wilson in a guest role as a young Texas sheriff with or without "buck teeth". Cliff Bole is a director of a number of American and Canadian Television programs He has directed episodes of The Six Million Dollar Luke Cunningham Wilson (born September 21, 1971) is an American film actor Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State.

In February, the fifth season continued a tradition of mythology episodes in sweeps month and aired the dramatic two-part episodes "Patient X" and "The Red and the Black", the latter of which was again directed by Carter. These dealt with the beginning of colonization, and introduced two new characters, Cassandra Spender (a chronic alien abductee, played by Veronica Cartwright, who was nominated for two Emmys in the role) and her estranged son Jeffrey Spender (a colleague of Mulder and Scully at the FBI, played by Chris Owens). The Colonists are a fictional extraterrestrial species on the television show The X-Files, and also in the first feature film. Cassandra Spender is a character in the Science fiction Fox TV series The X-Files, portrayed by veteran actress Veronica Cartwright. Veronica A Cartwright (born April 20, 1949) is an Emmy Award-nominated English/American Actress. Special Agent Jeffrey Spender is a character in the Science fiction Fox TV series The X-Files. Chris Owens may refer to Chris Owens (actor (born 1961 Canadian television actor Chris Owens (basketball (born 1979 American basketball The episodes also juxtaposed Mulder's ongoing crisis of belief in the existence of aliens, with the machinations of the Syndicate and Scully's own personal experiences. Krycek and Covarrubias were involved, while the Cigarette Smoking Man continued to be largely out of the picture during the fifth season. The Cigarette Smoking Man (also known as Cancer Man or CGB Spender) was a character played by William B Leading up to the end of the year, more monster of the week episodes were aired, including "Mind's Eye" (guest starring Lili Taylor as a blind woman suspected of murder, and written by season 5 story editor Tim Minear), "The Pine Bluff Variant" (about Mulder's involvement in a plot to spread deadly biological terrorism, with tie-ins to the ongoing mythology) and "Folie à deux" (about Mulder and Scully's investigation into a telemarketing employee who claimed his boss could turn into an insect). Lili Anne Taylor (born February 20 1967) is an American Theater, Film and television actress. Tim Minear (born October 29 1963 is an American screenwriter and director For the use of biological agents in warfare see Biological warfare. Telemarketing is a method of Direct marketing in which a Salesperson solicits to prospective Customers to buy products or services,

David Duchovny had been unhappy with his geographical separation from his wife Téa Leoni, although his discontent was popularly attributed to frustration with climatic conditions in Vancouver. Téa Leoni (born February 25 1966 is an American actress. She is best known for roles in Bad Boys, The Naked Truth, and Vancouver (vænˈkuːvɚ is a coastal ^[78] Gillian Anderson also wanted to return home to the United States,^[25] and Carter decided to move production to Los Angeles following the fifth season. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West The season ended in May 1998 with "The End", the final episode shot in Vancouver and the final episode with the involvement of many of the original crew members who had worked on the show for its previous five years, including director and producer R. W. Goodwin and his wife Sheila Larken (who played Margaret Scully and would later return briefly). Sheila Larken (b February 24 1944 in Brooklyn New York) is an American television Actress. "The End" introduced Diana Fowley, a new character who had apparently once worked with Mulder on early X-Files, but it focused largely on the efforts of the Syndicate to get control of mind-reading chess prodigy Gibson Praise. Diana Fowley is a Fictional character on the FOX television show The X-Files. Chess is a recreational and competitive Game played between two players.

The X-Files were closed for a second time in this episode (following season 2). This set up the events of the film, The X-Files, which had just completed post-production and was to open in theatres one month later. The X-Files is a 1998 Science fiction film based on the television series of the same name. The show finished its fifth season with a season Nielsen average of 12. 1, its all time peak viewership,^[5] and an X-Files record of 16 Emmy nominations (winning two), in addition to winning the Golden Globe for best drama series for the third year. Overall, seasons three to five appear to have marked the show's most popular and acclaimed period.

Film (1998)

Main article: The X-Files (film)

The worldwide theatrical box office total was $189 million. The X-Files is a 1998 Science fiction film based on the television series of the same name. A box office is a place where tickets are sold to the public for Admission to a venue The film's production cost was close to $66 million,^[79] and its advertising budget was similar. In summer 1998 the series produced a feature length motion picture, The X-Files, also known as The X Files: Fight the Future. The X-Files is a 1998 Science fiction film based on the television series of the same name. It was intended to be a continuation of the season five finale "The End" (5x20), but was also meant to stand on its own. ^[75] The season six opener "The Beginning" picked up where the film left off. The majority of the film was shot in the break between the show's fourth and fifth seasons.

The film was written by Chris Carter and Frank Spotnitz and directed by series regular Rob Bowman. Chris Carter may refer to Cris Carter, former American football player at the wide receiver position Chris Carter (screenwriter, American Frank Spotnitz (born November 17 1960 is an award-winning American television writer and producer best known for his work on The X-Files television series In addition to Mulder, Scully, Walter Skinner and the Cigarette Smoking Man, it featured guest appearances by Martin Landau, Armin Mueller-Stahl, and Blythe Danner as characters that only appeared in the film (though Mueller-Stahl's Conrad Strughold is later mentioned in the series). Mulder is the surname of Allan Mulder, Australian politician Charles Mulder, Belgian bobsledder Connie Mulder, Special Agent Dana Katherine Scully MD is a Fictional character on the Fox Broadcasting Co Walter Sergei Skinner is a Fictional character played by Mitch Pileggi on the Fox television series The X-Files. The Cigarette Smoking Man (also known as Cancer Man or CGB Spender) was a character played by William B Martin Landau (born June 20, 1931) is an Academy Award -winning American Film and television Actor. Armin Müller-Stahl (born December 17 1930) is a German film actor Blythe Katharine Danner (born February 3, 1943) is an American Emmy - and Tony Award -winning actress. Conrad Strughold is a Fictional character played by Armin Mueller-Stahl in the 1998 motion picture The X-Files Fight the Future. It also had the last X-Files appearance by John Neville as the Well-Manicured Man. The Well-Manicured Man (abbreviated to WMM) is a Fictional character played by John Neville on the 1990s Television series The X-Files Jeffrey Spender, Diana Fowley, Alex Krycek and Gibson Praise do not appear in the film. Special Agent Jeffrey Spender is a character in the Science fiction Fox TV series The X-Files. Diana Fowley is a Fictional character on the FOX television show The X-Files. Alex Krycek is a Fictional character played by Nicholas Lea on the FOX television series The X-Files. Gibson Andrew Praise is a Fictional character on the FOX television show The X-Files. The film had a strong domestic opening and got mostly positive reviews from critics. However, its box office dropped sharply after the first weekend. Although it failed to make a profit during theatrical release, due to a very high promotional budget,^[80] The X-Files film was more successful internationally. Anderson and Duchovny received equal pay for the film, unlike their original contracts for the series. ^[43]

Season 6 (1998–1999)

Over the course of the previous two years, the show had built upon the mythology storylines that grew in complexity and prominence (and confusion, especially for new viewers^[3]) as the show progressed. A story arc is an extended or continuing storyline in episodic storytelling media such as Television, Comic books Comic strips The loyalties of the Cigarette Smoking Man and Krycek were continually shifting and the influence of CSM appeared to be waning. Alex Krycek is a Fictional character played by Nicholas Lea on the FOX television series The X-Files. Above all, the Syndicate's co-operation with the colonizers was proven to be a ploy, as they were secretly attempting to develop a vaccine to the black oil (also known as "purity") which was shown to be an agent which would allow for the transportation of alien beings, and which would be spread through bees come the time for colonization. The Syndicate is a fictional " Shadow government " group featured in The X-Files television show and feature film created by The Colonists are a fictional extraterrestrial species on the television show The X-Files, and also in the first feature film. Black Oil is a creation of the TV series The X-Files, starring David Duchovny and Gillian Anderson. Bees are flying Insects closely related to Wasps and Ants Bees are a Monophyletic lineage within the superfamily Apoidea However, another alien faction was proven to exist, and these rebels opposed the colonists and the Syndicate for their co-operation. Consequently, in mid-season 6 "full disclosure" episodes "Two Fathers" and "One Son", the rebels destroyed the Syndicate.

At the end of The X-Files film, the X-Files had again been re-opened. However, Agents Spender and Fowley were assigned to them rather than Mulder and Scully, who were reassigned from Walter Skinner — who continued to appear on the show, nevertheless — to a new boss, Assistant Director Alvin Kersh (played by James Pickens, Jr.). Alvin D Kersh is a Fictional character from The X-Files, played by James Pickens Jr James Pickens Jr (born October 26, 1954) is an American Actor notable for his starring role as Dr Gibson Praise was dispatched in the first episode of season 6, "The Beginning" (which also posited a possible alien source for humanity), and Jeffrey Spender was also written out of the show during season 6, while Mimi Rogers' Diana Fowley continued to play a role and appeared quite close to the Cigarette Smoking Man. Mimi Rogers (born January 27 1956 is an American movie actress and competitive Poker player The latter character was finally given a name, CGB Spender, and an identity — father of Jeffrey and ex-husband of Cassandra.

With the move to Los Angeles, California in season 6, many changes behind the scenes occurred, as much of the original X-Files crew was gone. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West New production designer Corey Kaplan, editor Lynne Willingham, writer David Amann, and director and producer Michael Watkins would stay on for several years. Production designer is a term used in the movie and Television industries to refer to the person responsible for the overall look of a filmed event such as films Film editing is an art of storytelling practiced by connecting two or more shots together to form a sequence, and the subsequent connecting of sequences to form an The primary role of a television producer is to control all aspects of production ranging from show idea development and cast hiring to shoot supervision and fact-checking Bill Roe became the show's new director of photography, and episodes generally had a drier, brighter look due to the sunshine and climate of California, as compared with the rain, fog and temperate forests of Vancouver, Canada. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Vancouver (vænˈkuːvɚ is a coastal Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Early in the sixth season, the producers took advantage of the new location, setting the show in parts of the country they had not been able to write episodes in previously. ^[81] For example, Vince Gilligan's "Drive" (about a man subject to an unexplained illness) was a frenetic action episode, unusual for The X-Files,^[82] not least due to its setting on roads in the stark desert of Nevada. Nevada ( is a state located in the western region of the United States of America. The "Dreamland" two-parter was also set in Nevada, this time in the legendary Area 51. Area 51 is a nickname for a military base located in the southern portion of Nevada in the western United States It marked another comedy outing for the show, in a season increasingly light in tone, with guest star Michael McKean playing man in black Morris Fletcher, who switches bodies with Fox Mulder during the course of the episodes. Comedy (from the Greek κωμωδίαkomodia has a popular meaning (any discourse generally intended to amuse especially in Television, Film, and Michael John McKean (born October 17 1947) is an American actor comedian composer and musician perhaps best known for his portrayal of Squiggy's friend It is the only non-mythology two part episode of The X-Files.

The sixth season also explored the ever-deepening bond between Mulder and Scully. The episode "Triangle" was Chris Carter's fifth try at directing as well as writing The X-Files. A film director, or filmmaker, is a person who directs the making of a Film. With its ambitious mise-en-scène featuring continuous takes and split screens, and its setting on an ocean liner on the eve of World War II (played by RMS Queen Mary anchored in Long Beach, California), it was widely seen as a bid for an Emmy Award, which Carter did not receive, though the episode was up for sound editing. Mise-en-scène (mizɑ̃sɛn is an expression used in the theatre and film worlds to describe the design aspects of a production In Motion picture terminology, a tracking shot (also known as a dolly shot or trucking shot) is a segment in which the camera is mounted on a wheeled platform An ocean liner is a ship designed to transport people from one Seaport to another along regular long-distance Maritime routes according to a schedule World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Naming and construction With Germany launching their and into service the British did not want to be left out in this ship building race Long Beach is a city located in southern California, USA, on the Pacific coast A sound editor is a creative professional responsible for selecting and assembling Sound recordings in preparation for the final Sound mixing or Mastering "Triangle" concerned Mulder's trip to the Bermuda Triangle to investigate an X-File there, disobeying superiors such as Kersh, in parallel with Scully and The Lone Gunmen's dogged efforts to locate him, contrasting this with time warp versions of all the main characters in September 1939, and ending with a pivotal "shipper" moment while leaving both the preceding events and the agents' relationship ambiguous. The Bermuda Triangle, also known as the Devil's Triangle, is a region of the northwestern Atlantic Ocean in which a number of Aircraft and surface The Lone Gunmen are a trio of Fictional characters Richard "Ringo" Langly Melvin Frohike and John Fitzgerald Byers who had recurring roles on The X-Files The Time Warp is a Song & Dance featured in the rock musical The Rocky Horror Show and the Cult film The Rocky Horror Picture Shipping, derived from the word "relationship" is a general term for fans' emotional and/or intellectual involvement with the ongoing development of romance in ^[83] Whether they "should" or "should not" consummate their "platonic" love was a matter of immense debate among the fan community for years, and is still subject to scrutiny, since even after abundant hints Carter refuses to substantiate whether the two characters ever had sex. ^[4] Other episodes that season, such as "The Rain King", "Monday", "Field Trip", and Carter's "Milagro" and "How the Ghosts Stole Christmas" (guest starring Ed Asner and Lily Tomlin), also dealt primarily with romantic relationships and alternate realities, using these to comment on Mulder and Scully's status. Edward Asner (born November 15, 1929) is an American Actor primarily known for his Emmy -winning role as Lou Grant on Mary Jean “Lily” Tomlin (born September 1 1939 is an American Actress, Comedian, Writer and producer who has won several ^[84]

Late in the season, David Duchovny — who had a master's degree in English and considered a career as a writer before joining the cast^[65] — contributed his first solo X-Files script, "The Unnatural", which he also directed. The term English literature refers to Literature written in the English language, including literature composed in English by Writers not necessarily from It was about Josh "Ex" Exley, a baseball-loving alien who played in the Negro Leagues after the fabled Roswell crash in 1947. Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each Part of the History of baseball in the United States series The Negro leagues were American professional Baseball leagues The Roswell Incident involved the recovery of materials near Roswell New Mexico, USA, on July 7, 1947, which has become the subject of intense A baseball announcer in "The Unnatural" was voiced by famous Los Angeles Dodgers announcer Vin Scully, Chris Carter's original inspiration for the name of Dana Scully. The Los Angeles Dodgers are a Major League Baseball team based in Los Angeles California, USA Vincent Edward "Vin" Scully (born November 29, 1927 in The Bronx, New York) is an American Sportscaster, ^[85] The episode was also originally set to feature the involvement of Darren McGavin, star of early X-Files inspiration Kolchak: The Night Stalker. Darren McGavin (born William Lyle Richardson; May 7, 1922 &ndash February 25, 2006) was an American Actor best Kolchak The Night Stalker is an American Television series that aired on ABC in 1974 McGavin had to pull out due to illness,^[65] but he does appear as original X-File investigator Agent Arthur Dales in season five's "Travelers" and season six's "Agua Mala" (about Mulder and Scully's discovery of a dangerous water-based life form during a hurricane in Florida). A tropical cyclone is a storm system characterized by a low pressure center and numerous Thunderstorms that produce strong winds and Flooding

Some longtime fans were alienated by the show in season 6, due to the different tone taken by most stand-alone episodes after the move to Los Angeles^[86][87] Rather than adhering to the previous style of "monsters of the week", they were often romantic or gently humorous or both, such as "Arcadia", where Mulder and Scully pose as a married couple in a gated community in order to solve a case, or the darker, campy "Terms of Endearment", starring Bruce Campbell as a demon. In its modern form a gated community is a form of Residential community containing controlled entrances for Pedestrians Bicycles and Automobiles Bruce Lorne Campbell (born June 22 1958) is an American Actor, producer, Writer and director. Meanwhile, some felt there was no coherent plan to the mytharc, that Carter was "making it all up as he goes along". ^[86] The show ended season 6 with solid ratings, but its lowest average since season two, beginning a decline that would continue for the final three years of its run. ^[5] This may have been due to different competition on Sunday nights, or because viewers felt the show was burning out or even "jumping the shark"^[88] (the show would actually reference the concept in its episode "Jump the Shark" three years later). Jumping the shark is a Colloquialism used by TV Critics and fans to denote that point in a TV show or movie series' history where the plot veers The show's producers acknowledged they had been trying to do something different from previous years in season six. The X-Files was nevertheless FOX's highest rated show that year,^[89] and was nominated for eight Emmys in 1999, winning one for makeup. It was also nominated for SAG Awards for Anderson, Duchovny and Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble Cast, recognizing Pileggi, Pickens, Owens and Davis' continuing contributions. The Screen Actors Guild Awards are an annual award given by the Screen Actors Guild (SAG to recognize outstanding performances by members The Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series is an award given by the Screen Actors Guild to honor the finest ensemble acting achievements

As compared with other seasons, relatively few mythology episodes were made during season 6, only "The Beginning", the stand-alone "S. R. 819" (in which Walter Skinner's health is compromised by a mysterious nanotechnology affliction as possible blackmail to force him to turn against Mulder and Scully), "Two Fathers" and "One Son", and the season finale "Biogenesis", the first of a three-part story continued into season 7, about Scully's investigation of an ancient UFO discovered off the coast of West Africa and effects on Mulder from it. Nanotechnology, sometimes shortened to nanotech, refers to a field of Applied science whose theme is the control of matter on an Atomic and Molecular Ancient astronaut theories or paleocontact are various proposals that intelligent extraterrestrial beings have visited Earth and that this contact West Africa or Western Africa is the Westernmost Region of the African Continent.

Seasons 7 – 9 (1999–2002)

In November 1999, "The Sixth Extinction" and its second part "Amor Fati" continued the story arc begun in the previous year. A story arc is an extended or continuing storyline in episodic storytelling media such as Television, Comic books Comic strips New sixth season director Michael Watkins oversaw the latter episode, which was a writing collaboration between Chris Carter and David Duchovny, harkening back to the themes and characters of previous X-Files history — "Anasazi/The Blessing Way/Paper Clip" and Carter's "Redux" trilogy — as well as to The Last Temptation of Christ. Michael W Watkins is an American director and producer. He has worked on Smallville, The X-Files, and Lois Christopher Carl Carter (born October 13, 1956) is an American Screenwriter, Film director and producer, best known David William Duchovny (born August 7, 1960) is a two-time Golden Globe Award -winning American television and film Actor, best known The Last Temptation of Christ is a 1988 film directed by Martin Scorsese. ^[90] However, it was the lowest rated season premiere since 1994's "Little Green Men". Nielsen Ratings are audience measurement systems developed by Nielsen Media Research to determine the Audience size and composition of television ^[5] Subsequent offerings like "Millennium" (a crossover with Carter's recently canceled other series), and Vince Gilligan's "Hungry" (a sardonic "monster of the week" in which Mulder and Scully barely appeared) and "X-Cops" (an experimental merging with FOX's reality show COPS), did not substantially improve viewership. A fictional crossover is the placement of two or more otherwise discrete Fictional characters, settings or universes into the context of a single Millennium is an American supernatural thriller and crime drama television series produced by Chris Carter (creator of The X-Files On the 1993&ndash2002 Television series, The X-Files, there developed two main types of episodes Reality television is a genre of Television programming which presents purportedly unscripted dramatic or humorous situations documents actual events and usually features ordinary COPS is an American Documentary television series that follows Police officers and Sheriff 's deputies during patrols and other police ^[5] "Millennium", however, as well as featuring Lance Henriksen reprising his role of Frank Black for the final time, also made waves for showing the first consensual mouth-to-mouth kiss of Mulder and Scully. Lance James Henriksen (born May 5 1940) is an American Actor, painter, and potter. Special Agent Fox William Mulder, nicknamed "Spooky" Mulder is a Fictional character played by David Duchovny on the 1993 - 2002 Special Agent Dana Katherine Scully MD is a Fictional character on the Fox Broadcasting Co ^[91] The occasion was New Year's 2000. The New Year is an event that happens when a Culture celebrates the end of one Year and the beginning of the next year

Nick Chinlund also reprised his role of Donnie Pfaster in "Orison", a sequel to season two's "Irresistible", while Ricky Jay played a magician in "The Amazing Maleeni", which contrasted with the generally more emotional tone of season seven. Zareh Nicholas Chinlund (born November 18, 1961) is an American actor Donald Addie "Donnie" Pfaster appeared in the episodes "Irresistible" & "Orison" on the Science fiction TV series The X-Files " Irresistible " was the thirteenth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Ricky Jay (born Richard Jay Potash; 1948 is an American Stage magician Actor, and Writer. Novelists Tom Maddox and William Gibson returned with a second episode, "First Person Shooter", this time directed by Chris Carter. Tom Maddox is an American Science fiction writer known for his part in the early Cyberpunk movement William Ford Gibson (born March 17 1948 is an American - Canadian writer who has been called the "noir prophet" of the Cyberpunk subgenre There were reports of friction between cast and crew, however. David Duchovny, who had filed a lawsuit with FOX that also alleged Carter was paid "hush money" to approve an unfair syndication contract, was reputed to be bored with The X-Files a year after relocating. In law a lawsuit is a civil action brought before a Court in which the party commencing the action the Plaintiff, seeks a legal or equitable remedy In Broadcasting, syndication is the sale of the right to broadcast Radio shows and Television shows to multiple individual stations without going through The show's production costs since the move from Vancouver — typically over $3 million per episode — were also a matter of concern to the network, as it both financed and distributed the show and could not pass off costs to itself without hurting the corporate bottom line. ^[89]

Breaking the formula of standard stand-alone episodes were several efforts written and directed by the show's stars. Gillian Anderson directed her own script for the metaphysical "all things", further exploring Scully's character. Gillian Leigh Anderson (born August 9, 1968) is an American Actress, best known for her roles as FBI Special Agent Metaphysics is the branch of Philosophy investigating principles of reality transcending those of any particular science It was the first X-Files to be directed by a woman,^[47] though the show had had several female writers for periods during seasons 2, 3 and 4 (Carter himself had been subject to a harassment lawsuit years earlier,^[32] which was dismissed). Duchovny followed up his prior episode "The Unnatural" with the over-the-top satire, "Hollywood A. Satire is often strictly defined as a literary genre or form; although in practice it is also found in the graphic and Performing arts In satire human D. " The title referenced both the Church scandal uncovered therein, and the prospect of Mitch Pileggi's Assistant Director Skinner as a Hollywood player; the self-reflexive episode concerned Skinner's effort to get a blockbuster film made about Mulder and Scully's X-Files investigations, but the "stars" playing the agents are actress Téa Leoni, Duchovny's real life wife as Scully, and comedian Garry Shandling as Mulder. Mitchell Craig "Mitch" Pileggi (born April 5, 1952) is an American actor Walter Sergei Skinner is a Fictional character played by Mitch Pileggi on the Fox television series The X-Files. Self-reference is a phenomenon in natural or Formal languages consisting of a sentence or Formula referring to itself directly or Téa Leoni (born February 25 1966 is an American actress. She is best known for roles in Bad Boys, The Naked Truth, and Garry Shandling (born November 29, 1949) is an American Comedian. Finally, William Davis, known for his ongoing role as the Cigarette Smoking Man, wrote an episode examining his character, called "En Ami". William Bruce Davis (born January 13, 1938) is a Canadian Actor, known for his role as the Cigarette Smoking Man on The The Cigarette Smoking Man (also known as Cancer Man or CGB Spender) was a character played by William B It was one of Davis' final appearances in the show.

"En Ami" was also director Rob Bowman's final episode for the show. Before the seventh season finale, longtime writer Vince Gilligan also got the chance to direct his first episode, "Je Souhaite" (about a reluctant genie), and Chris Carter turned in the dark slapstick "Fight Club", a return to Carter's roots in comedy. GEnie (General Electric Network for Information Exchange was an online service Slapstick is a type of Comedy involving exaggerated physical violence or activities which exceed the boundaries of common sense such as a character being hit in the face with The episode, guest starring Kathy Griffin, did not go over well,^[92] particularly so close to what fans expected would be final revelations to the mythology; it holds the record for all time lowest voted episode of the whole series in a survey of viewers. Kathleen "Kathy" Griffin (born November 4, 1960 though not gay herself Griffin has been a voice actress and a Red carpet commentator ^[77]

The final three seasons were a time of closure for The X-Files. Characters within the show were written out, including the Cigarette Smoking Man and Mulder's mother, and several plot threads were resolved, including the fate of Fox Mulder's sister Samantha, who had been a long running plot device within the show, in the episodes "Sein Und Zeit" and "Closure". Elizabeth "Teena" Kuipers Mulder ( 1941 - 2000) is the mother of the fictional X-Files character Fox Mulder. Samantha Ann Mulder (born November 21, 1965) is a Fictional character in the Television series The X-Files. A plot device is an element introduced into a story solely to advance or resolve the plot of the story Being and Time ( German: Sein und Zeit, 1927) is a book by German philosopher Martin Heidegger. After settling his contract dispute, David Duchovny quit full-time participation in the show after the seventh season. ^[94] This contributed to uncertainties over the likelihood of an eighth season. ^[93] Carter and most fans felt the show was at its natural endpoint with Duchovny's departure, but it was decided Mulder would be abducted at the end of the seventh season, leaving things open for the actor's return in 11 episodes the following year. Alien Discussions Proceedings of the Abduction Study Conference. ^[95] Season finale "Requiem" was written by Chris Carter as a possible series finale, but the show was again renewed by FOX, despite lower ratings. A series finale is the very last installment of a Television series, usually a Sitcom or Drama.

For the next two years, Carter was offered incentives to continue the show, which he did despite reservations, concluding there were "more stories to tell. "^[31] Executive producer and screenwriter Frank Spotnitz was largely responsible, with Carter, for running the show in its final two years, introducing new central characters. Frank Spotnitz (born November 17 1960 is an award-winning American television writer and producer best known for his work on The X-Files television series With Duchovny's involvement reduced (and in anticipation of Anderson's possible absence in the future), the show's eighth season introduced two new X-Files agents, John Doggett and Monica Reyes (played by Robert Patrick and Annabeth Gish, respectively). John Jay Doggett (b April 4, 1960 Atlanta Georgia) is a Fictional character and one of the primary Protagonists of seasons 8 Monica Reyes (pronounced Ray-Yez (b Mexico City, Mexico) is a Fictional character on the TV series The X-Files, played by actress Robert Patrick (born November 5, 1958) is a Saturn Award -winning American Film and television Actor. Annabeth Gish (b Anne Elizabeth Gish on March 13, 1971 in Albuquerque New Mexico) is an American actress known for starring roles Doggett was initially the primary character with Anderson, playing off her in a now-reversed dynamic from The X-Files' earliest seasons, with Scully the "believer" and Doggett the "skeptic", once again investigating paranormal monsters of the week. Paranormal is an Umbrella term used to describe unusual Phenomena or experiences that lack an obvious Scientific explanation Carter, Spotnitz, John Shiban and Vince Gilligan continued to serve as writers, with Kim Manners frequently directing, but otherwise the behind the scenes staff experienced turnover.

It was Chris Carter's belief that the series could continue for another ten years with new leads, and the opening credits were accordingly redesigned for the first time in season 9 to emphasize the new actors (along with Pileggi, who was finally listed). This was not to be the case, however, as over the course of the final two seasons, Doggett and Reyes did not provide the ratings boost the producers had hoped for. Following the launch and U. S. commercial failure of spinoff show The Lone Gunmen, whose March 2001 debut episode had dealt humorously with an airplane being hijacked and flown into the World Trade Center, writers were also finding it hard to deal with stock X-Files themes in the wake of the September 11 attacks. Media spin-off is the process of deriving new Radio programs Television programs or Video games or even Novels from already existing ones The Lone Gunmen is a Television show created by Chris Carter and broadcast on FOX. The World Trade Center in New York City, United States (sometimes informally the WTC or Twin Towers) was a complex of seven buildings in Lower Manhattan ^[3]

The show received meager Emmy attention in its final years, nevertheless picking up a nomination for Bill Roe's cinematography in "This is Not Happening", and a win for makeup in the stand-alone "Deadalive". See also Filmmaking Cinematography (from Greek: kinesis κινησις (movement and grapho γραφω (to record is the discipline Robert Patrick won a Saturn Award for Best Actor, however, and the mythology continued to develop, with a new "super soldiers" concept, and the informer Knowle Rohrer, who interacted with Doggett. The Saturn Award is an award presented annually by the Academy of Science Fiction Fantasy & Horror Films to honor the top works in Science fiction, Fantasy The following are a list of Saturn Award winners for Best Actor on Television: Knowle Rohrer is a Fictional character who appeared in the final seasons of the popular TV series The X-Files. Cary Elwes also played a new character. Ivan Simon Cary Elwes (born October 26, 1962) is an English Actor credited as Cary Elwes, known for his performances in Jeff Gulka's Gibson Praise and Chris Owens' Jeffrey Spender eventually made a return, as well as Scully's mother Margaret, played by Sheila Larken (who had not appeared since the show moved from Vancouver in season 5). Gibson Andrew Praise is a Fictional character on the FOX television show The X-Files. Chris Owens may refer to Chris Owens (actor (born 1961 Canadian television actor Chris Owens (basketball (born 1979 American basketball Special Agent Jeffrey Spender is a character in the Science fiction Fox TV series The X-Files. The show also alluded to religious allegory in a story line about Scully's pregnancy. An allegory (from αλλος allos "other" and el αγορευειν agoreuein "to speak in public" is a figurative mode of representation ^[3] It was a seeming reversal of earlier seasons' mythology, in which experiments that had given the character her cancer had also left Scully infertile. Female infertility|Male infertility Infertility primarily refers to the biological inability of a Man or a Woman to contribute to conception.

Duchovny returned over the eighth season for several dramatic episodes, and flashbacks were seen in the ninth. Duchovny also directed an episode. Anderson was nominated for her final Screen Actors Guild award as Dana Scully in 2001. The Screen Actors Guild ( SAG) is an American labor union representing over 120000 Film and television principal performers and background The Mulder/Scully relationship by this point reflected what some "shippers" had imagined for years, although others were dissatisfied or offended by the characterizations. Shipping, derived from the word "relationship" is a general term for fans' emotional and/or intellectual involvement with the ongoing development of romance in ^[96] The two were eventually joined by Baby William, Scully's child via an implant related to her abduction, while the crew also offered a tribute to an Internet fan fiction writer who had died from cancer in 2001, creating the character of young FBI Agent Leyla Harrison (a self-professed admirer of Mulder and Scully) to honor her memory in the season 8 episode "Alone" and Season 9 episode "Scary Monsters. William is a Fan fiction (alternately referred to as fanfiction, fanfic, FF or fic) is a broadly defined term for Fiction about characters or settings Leyla Harrison is a fictional character in two episodes of the long-running television program The X-Files. "

The X-Files completed its ninth and final season with the two-hour episode "The Truth", which reunited David Duchovny, Gillian Anderson, and much of the original cast. "The Truth", parts It first aired on May 19, 2002, finishing third in its timeslot (13. Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. This article is about the medium access technology The name "TDMA" is also commonly used in the United States to refer to D-AMPS, which is a mobile telephone 2 million viewers) in the Nielsen ratings, with a slightly lower audience share than the original X-Files pilot episode. Nielsen Ratings are audience measurement systems developed by Nielsen Media Research to determine the Audience size and composition of television ^[5] The show ceased production at the end of the ninth season — on a cliffhanger, though Carter knew that this would be the final episode. A cliffhanger or cliffhanger ending is a Plot device in which a movie, Novel, or other work of fiction contains an abrupt ending often leaving Carter's Ten Thirteen Productions also went into hibernation, and actors, writers, producers and technical staff all moved on to other projects. Ten Thirteen Productions was a production company founded by Chris Carter in 1993, which produced four television series and two films ( The X-Files The show's final Emmy nomination in 2002 went to composer Mark Snow. Mark Snow (born Martin Fulterman on 26 August 1946 in New York City) is a prolific Composer for Film and Television ^[49]

Episode types

The X-Files is considered unique in that it combined continuing serial drama elements, such as those often found in miniseries and soap operas, with individual standalone episodes that did not require a viewer to understand the show's history prior to watching. Serials in Television and Radio are series often in a weekly Prime time slot that rely on a continuing plot that unfolds in a serial fashion A miniseries (also mini-series) in a serial Storytelling medium is a production which tells a story in a pre-planned limited number of episodes A soap opera is an ongoing episodic work of Fiction, usually broadcast on Television or Radio. ^[4] Due to these differing episode types, fans as well as the show's producers commonly divide X-Files episodes into two categories:

• "Mythology" or "Mytharc" episodes told the tale of a governmental conspiracy revolving around extraterrestrials.
• Standalone or "Monster-of-the-Week" episodes dealt with paranormal creatures and situations, while generally being unrelated to the series mythology. On the 1993&ndash2002 Television series, The X-Files, there developed two main types of episodes

Mytharc episodes

Major mythology episodes were typically presented as season premieres and finales each year, as well as several times throughout most seasons. They made up about one third of the total episodes, and often occurred as two-parters.

Below is a list of episodes that tell the mythology story, according to The X-Files Mythology DVD series released in 2005. Episodes Special Features "Threads of Mythology" documentary Commentary by director David Nutter They are listed in original broadcast order, the same order in which they appear on DVD.

• Season 1: Pilot, Deep Throat, Fallen Angel, E.B.E., The Erlenmeyer Flask^[97]
• Season 2: Little Green Men, Duane Barry, Ascension, One Breath, Red Museum, Colony, End Game, Anasazi^[97]
• Season 3: The Blessing Way, Paper Clip, Nisei, 731, Piper Maru, Apocrypha, Talitha Cumi^[97][98]
• Season 4: Herrenvolk, Tunguska, Terma, Memento Mori, Tempus Fugit, Max, Zero Sum, Gethsemane^[98]
• Season 5: Redux, Redux II, Patient X, The Red and the Black, The End^[98][99]
• Season 6: The Beginning, S.R. 819, Two Fathers, One Son, Biogenesis^[99]
• Season 7: The Sixth Extinction, The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati, Sein und Zeit, Closure, En Ami, Requiem^[99]
• Season 8: Within, Without, Per Manum, This is Not Happening, Deadalive, Three Words, Vienen, Essence, Existence^[99][100]
• Season 9: Nothing Important Happened Today, Nothing Important Happened Today II, Trust No 1, Provenance, Providence, William, The Truth^[100]

Future of The X-Files

Main article: The X-Files: I Want to Believe

The X-Files: I Want to Believe is the second movie based on the series, after the original 1998 film adaptation, The X-Files: Fight the Future. This is a list of episodes from the FOX Science fiction television series The X-Files. The pilot episode of the science fiction television series The X-Files premiered on the FOX network on September 10 1993 " Deep Throat " was the second episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris Carter " Fallen Angel " was the tenth episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris " EBE " was the seventeenth episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris " The Erlenmeyer Flask " was the twenty-fourth and final episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction television series This is a list of episodes from the FOX Science fiction television series The X-Files. " Little Green Men " was the first episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by " Duane Barry " was the fifth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris " Ascension " was the sixth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris " One Breath " was the eighth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris Carter " Red Museum " was the tenth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris " Colony " is the sixteenth episode of the second season of The X-Files, a science-fiction television series created by Chris " End Game " was the seventeenth episode of the second season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Chris " Anasazi " is the second season finale of the television series The X-Files. This is a list of episodes from the FOX Science fiction television series The X-Files. " The Blessing Way " is the third season premiere of the television series The X-Files. A paper clip (or sometimes paperclip) is a device which holds several sheets of Paper together by means of Pressure: it leaves the paper intact and " Nisei " is the ninth episode of the third season of television series The X-Files. " 731 " is the tenth episode of the third season of television series The X-Files. " Piper Maru " is the fifteenth episode of the third season of the television series The X-Files. " Talitha Cumi " is the season three finale of The X-Files. This is a list of episodes from the FOX Science fiction television series The X-Files. Herrenvolk is the season four premiere of The X-Files. While Mulder and Jeremiah Smith attempt to uncover the truth the Syndicate " Tunguska " is the eighth episode of the fourth season of the television series The X-Files. " Terma " is the ninth episode of the fourth season of the television series The X-Files. " Memento Mori " is the fourteenth episode of the fourth season of the television series The X-Files. See also Tempus fugit " Tempus Fugit " is the seventeenth episode of the fourth season of television series The X-Files " Max " is the eighteenth episode of the fourth season of television series The X-Files. For the Game theory concept see Zero-sum. " Zero Sum " is the twenty-first episode of the fourth season of television series The " Gethsemane " is the fourth season finale of television series The X-Files. This is a list of episodes from the FOX Science fiction television series The X-Files. " Redux " is the fifth season premiere of television series The X-Files. " Redux II " is the second episode of the fifth season of television series The X-Files. " Patient X " is the thirteenth episode of season 5 of the television series The X-Files. " The Red and the Black " is the fourteenth episode of season 5 of the television series The X-Files. " The End " is the twentieth and final episode of season 5 of the television series The X-Files. This is a list of episodes from the FOX Science fiction television series The X-Files. " The Beginning " was the opening episode of The X-Files sixth season This is a list of episodes from the FOX Science fiction television series The X-Files. This is a list of episodes from the FOX Science fiction television series The X-Files. This is a list of episodes from the FOX Science fiction television series The X-Files. "The Truth", parts The X-Files I Want to Believe is a 2008 Science fiction film directed by Chris Carter, and written by Carter and Frank Spotnitz The X-Files is a 1998 Science fiction film based on the television series of the same name. Filming took place in Vancouver and ended on March 11, 2008. Events 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common The movie was directed by Carter and co-written by Carter and Frank Spotnitz. It is due to be released in the United States on July 25, 2008. Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler ^[101]

Cast of characters

Actor	Character	Years
David Duchovny	Special Agent Fox William Mulder	1993 – 2002 Season 8: 12 episodes Season 9: 1 episode (finale)
Gillian Anderson	Special Agent Dana Katherine Scully, M.D.	1993 – 2002
Mitch Pileggi	Assistant Director Walter S. Skinner	1994 – 2001 (guest star) 2001 – 2002 (star)
Robert Patrick	Special Agent John Doggett	2000 – 2002
Annabeth Gish	Special Agent Monica Reyes	2001 – 2002

Recurring guest characters

Main article: List of recurring characters from The X-Files

Actor	Character	Seasons
William B. Davis	C.G.B. Spender, aka Cancer Man	1–5, film, 6–7, 9
Jerry Hardin	Deep Throat	1, 3–4, 7
Steven Williams	X	2–5, 9
Nicholas Lea	Alex Krycek	2–9
Brian Thompson	Alien Bounty Hunter	2–8
John Neville	Well-Manicured Man	3–5, film
Don S. Williams	First Elder	3–5, film, 6
Laurie Holden	Marita Covarrubias	4–7, 9
Veronica Cartwright	Cassandra Spender	5–6
Chris Owens	Agent Jeffrey Spender	5–6, 9
Mimi Rogers	Agent Diana Fowley	5–7
James Pickens, Jr.	Assistant/Deputy Director Alvin Kersh	6, 8–9
Tom Braidwood	Melvin Frohike	1–5, film, 6–9
Bruce Harwood	John Fitzgerald Byers	1–5, film, 6–9
Dean Haglund	Richard Langly	1–5, film, 6–9
Rebecca Toolan	Teena Mulder	2–4, 7
Sheila Larken	Margaret Scully	1–5, 8–9
Adam Baldwin	Knowle Rohrer	8–9

Legacy

Television

The X-Files directly inspired numerous other TV series, including Strange World,^[102][103] Burning Zone,^[104] Special Unit 2, Mysterious Ways,^[105] Lost, Carnivàle, Dark Skies,^[103] The Visitor,^[103] Freaky Links, Psi Factor: Chronicles of the Paranormal, and Supernatural. David William Duchovny (born August 7, 1960) is a two-time Golden Globe Award -winning American television and film Actor, best known Special Agent Fox William Mulder, nicknamed "Spooky" Mulder is a Fictional character played by David Duchovny on the 1993 - 2002 Gillian Leigh Anderson (born August 9, 1968) is an American Actress, best known for her roles as FBI Special Agent Special Agent Dana Katherine Scully MD is a Fictional character on the Fox Broadcasting Co Mitchell Craig "Mitch" Pileggi (born April 5, 1952) is an American actor Walter Sergei Skinner is a Fictional character played by Mitch Pileggi on the Fox television series The X-Files. Robert Patrick (born November 5, 1958) is a Saturn Award -winning American Film and television Actor. John Jay Doggett (b April 4, 1960 Atlanta Georgia) is a Fictional character and one of the primary Protagonists of seasons 8 Annabeth Gish (b Anne Elizabeth Gish on March 13, 1971 in Albuquerque New Mexico) is an American actress known for starring roles Monica Reyes (pronounced Ray-Yez (b Mexico City, Mexico) is a Fictional character on the TV series The X-Files, played by actress This is a list of recurring characters from the American television show The X-Files. William Bruce Davis (born January 13, 1938) is a Canadian Actor, known for his role as the Cigarette Smoking Man on The The Cigarette Smoking Man (also known as Cancer Man or CGB Spender) was a character played by William B Jerry Hardin (born 20 November 1929) is an American actor who has made many television and film appearances Deep Throat is a Fictional character in the Television show The X-Files, played by Jerry Hardin. See also Stephen Williams For the murderer see 2003 John McDonogh High School shooting Steven Williams (born January 7 X is a character on the television show The X-Files, played by Steven Williams. Nicholas Lea (born June 22, 1962 as Nicholas Christopher Schroeder, and later known as Nicholas Christopher Herbert) is a Canadian Alex Krycek is a Fictional character played by Nicholas Lea on the FOX television series The X-Files. Brian Thompson (born August 28, 1959) is an American Actor. His distinctive square-jaw profile powerful voice and imposing stature (six-foot-three The Alien Bounty Hunter (abbreviated as ABH) is a Fictional character in the Science fiction FOX TV series The X-Files John Neville, CM, OBE (born May 2 1925) is an English Theatre and film Actor who moved to Canada in 1972 The Well-Manicured Man (abbreviated to WMM) is a Fictional character played by John Neville on the 1990s Television series The X-Files Don S Williams (born February 11, 1938) is a Vancouver -based Canadian producer director actor choreographer and writer The First Elder is a character on The X-Files, played by Don S Laurie Heather Holden (born December 17, 1972) is an American / Canadian Actress. Marita Covarrubias is a Fictional character on the Television series The X-Files. Veronica A Cartwright (born April 20, 1949) is an Emmy Award-nominated English/American Actress. Cassandra Spender is a character in the Science fiction Fox TV series The X-Files, portrayed by veteran actress Veronica Cartwright. Christopher Bradley Owens (born 7 September 1961) is a Canadian Actor. Special Agent Jeffrey Spender is a character in the Science fiction Fox TV series The X-Files. Mimi Rogers (born January 27 1956 is an American movie actress and competitive Poker player Diana Fowley is a Fictional character on the FOX television show The X-Files. James Pickens Jr (born October 26, 1954) is an American Actor notable for his starring role as Dr Alvin D Kersh is a Fictional character from The X-Files, played by James Pickens Jr Tom Braidwood (born September 27, 1948) is a Canadian Actor known for the role of Melvin Frohike, one of the conspiracy theorists Melvin Frohike is a Fictional character in the Television shows The X-Files and The Lone Gunmen, played by Tom Braidwood Bruce Harwood (born April 29, 1963) is a Canadian Actor known for his role of John Fitzgerald Byers, one of The Lone Gunmen on John Fitzgerald Byers is a Fictional character in the Television shows The X-Files and The Lone Gunmen, played by Bruce Dean Haglund (born July 29, 1965) is a Canadian Actor known for the role of Richard "Ringo" Langly, one of The Lone Gunmen Richard “Ringo” Langly is a Fictional character in the Television shows The X-Files and The Lone Gunmen. Elizabeth "Teena" Kuipers Mulder ( 1941 - 2000) is the mother of the fictional X-Files character Fox Mulder. Sheila Larken (b February 24 1944 in Brooklyn New York) is an American television Actress. Adam Baldwin (born February 27 1962) is an American Actor. He is known for his roles as Animal Mother in Stanley Kubrick 's Knowle Rohrer is a Fictional character who appeared in the final seasons of the popular TV series The X-Files. Strange World is a short-lived American Television program about military investigations into criminal abuses of science and technology Special Unit 2 is a short-lived American SciFi / Comedy Television series that aired on UPN for two seasons from April 2001 Mysterious Ways is a Canadian / American television drama series produced in-house by what was once PAX TV (in association with Lionsgate Lost is an Emmy and Golden Globe award-winning American serial drama television series. Carnivàle ( is an American Television series set in the United States during the Great Depression. Dark Skies is an American Sci-fi / Drama Television series which aired during the 1996-1997 season for 18 Episodes plus The Visitor was a sci-fi television series created by Roland Emmerich and Dean Devlin and airing on Fox Network 1997 - 1998 FreakyLinks was an American Television show that combined elements of horror, mystery, and Comedy. Psi Factor Chronicles of the Paranormal is a Canadian Sci-fi / Drama Television series which was filmed in and around Toronto Supernatural is an American horror television series regarding the Paranormal. A few of these shows actually involved former staff of The X-Files behind the scenes — such as Lost, whose current cinematographer is John Bartley; the mytharc-dominated 24, executive produced by X-Files writer Howard Gordon; Six Feet Under, coproduced by X-Files alum Lori Jo Nemhauser; and Supernatural, involving directors David Nutter and Kim Manners, and writer/producer John Shiban. A story arc is an extended or continuing storyline in episodic storytelling media such as Television, Comic books Comic strips 24 is an Emmy and Golden Globe award-winning American action Drama Television series. Six Feet Under is an American Television Drama created by Alan Ball that was originally broadcast from 2001 to 2005

The influence can be seen on other levels: television series such as Alias have developed a complex mythology that may bring to mind the "mytharc" of The X-Files. Alias is an American " Spy-fi " television series created by J In terms of characterization, the role of Dana Scully was seen as somewhat original, causing a change in "how women [on television] were not just perceived but behaved", and perhaps influencing the portrayal of "strong women" investigators. ^[14] Many procedural dramas also feature a Mulder-esque lead with a supervisor similar to Skinner or Kersh. The police procedural is a sub-genre of the mystery story which attempts to convincingly depict the activities of a Police force as they investigate Crimes Walter Sergei Skinner is a Fictional character played by Mitch Pileggi on the Fox television series The X-Files. Some of these procedurals, such as NCIS, feature a quirky technogeek similar to The Lone Gunmen characters. NCIS, promoted as Navy NCIS in its first season aka Navy NCIS Naval Criminal Investigative Service or NCIS Naval Criminal

Musical influence can also be heard in what is now the CW show "Smallville". Mark Snow created many themes for The X-Files, most notably those used in "Fight the Future" and later seasons. Mark Snow has worked on the score for "Smallville" since the show's first episode, but it wasn't until the fourth season that the X-files themes could be easily recognized.

Russell T. Davies said The X-Files had been an inspiration on his current British series Torchwood,^[106] describing it as "dark, wild and sexy. Russell T Davies, OBE (born Stephen Russell Davies, 27 April, 1963) is a critically acclaimed British Television producer Torchwood is a British science fiction Drama Television programme, created by Russell T Davies and starring John Barrowman . . The X Files meets This Life. This Life was a BBC television drama, produced by World Productions and screened on BBC Two, running for two series in 1996 and 1997 and "^[107] Other shows have been influenced by the tone and mood of The X-Files, e. g. , Buffy the Vampire Slayer, which drew from the mood and coloring of The X-Files, as well as from its occasional blend of horror and humor. Fictional narratives (and works of art exist beyond their completion e Joss Whedon described his show as a cross between The X-Files and My So-Called Life. Joseph Hill " Joss " Whedon ( born June 23, 1964 in New York City is an Academy Award -nominated and Hugo Award My So-Called Life was an American Television Teen drama created by Winnie Holzman and produced by Edward Zwick and Marshall Herskovitz ^[108]

"X-Philes"

As The X-Files saw its viewership expand from a "small, but devoted" group of fans^[29] to a worldwide mass audience,^[103] digital telecommunications were also becoming mainstream. A digital system uses discrete (discontinuous values usually but not always Symbolized Numerically (hence called "digital" to represent information for According to The New York Times, "this may have been the first show to find its audience growth tied to the growth of the Internet. The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks "^[3] The X-Files was seen to incorporate new technologies into storylines beginning in the early seasons:^[109] Mulder and Scully communicated on cellular phones, e-mail contact with secret informants provided plot points in episodes such as "Colony" and "Anasazi", while The Lone Gunmen were portrayed as Internet aficionados as early as 1994. Electronic mail, often abbreviated to e-mail, email, or originally eMail, is a Store-and-forward method of writing sending receiving Many X-Files fans also had online access. Fans of the show became commonly known as "X-Philes,"^[110] a term coined (from the Greek root "-phil-" meaning love or obsession) on an early Fidonet X-Files message board. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly An, or message board, is a Bulletin board system in the form of a discussion site In addition to watching the show, X-Philes reviewed episodes themselves on unofficial websites, formed communities with other fans through Usenet newsgroups and listservs,^[110] and wrote their own fan fiction. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages Usenet, a Portmanteau of "user" and "network" is a world-wide distributed Internet discussion system A newsgroup is a Repository usually within the Usenet system for messages posted from many users in different locations LISTSERV is the first electronic mailing list software application Fan fiction (alternately referred to as fanfiction, fanfic, FF or fic) is a broadly defined term for Fiction about characters or settings ^[4] As has also become commonplace in television today, episodes never displayed their titles on screen or in TV Guide; the producers disseminated the information via the Internet. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ^[36]

In Sweden, X-Files fandom correlated with Internet use. Early ISP:s such as Algonet experienced that logins went down to zero as TV4 syndicated X-files at 9 pm. Algonet (named from Älgö, a Swedish island was founded in 1994 as one of Sweden's first Internet service provider. TV4 is the largest commercial Television channel in Sweden. It started broadcasting by Satellite in 1990 and since 1992, on ^[111]

Unusually for the time, review sites and fan groups were also influential on the producers. Chris Carter claimed to read them: "The show originally [from 1993 to 1996] aired at 9 o'clock on Friday night and at 10 o'clock, I could get on the Internet and see what people thought of it. "^[93] Writer-producer Glen Morgan also described how he "would come in on Monday and find all these comments from the Internet that you could directly apply to the next episode. . . When I started out in television, your only input was if your family called you afterwards, they liked the show. . . What we found out on The X-Files is that there is an intelligent audience that's out there who doesn’t want TV to just wash over them. They want to talk about things. "^[30]

The writing staff were prohibited from reading unsolicited scripts or fan fiction for legal reasons, but an online fan base and their critiques of the show became crucial to its early survival. ^[109] "Beyond the Sea", a 1994 episode which received acclaim, was made (over the objections of FOX executives) partly because "several fans had written messages criticizing Scully's character. . . they decided the fans had a point" in asking for more depth. ^[21] In the episode "E. B. E. " from the same period, Deep Throat is "shown to be an unreliable character with questionable motives. " According to Morgan, "[the network] thought he was just a guy who should feed Mulder information. We went in with the online comments, which, at the time, were presenting some very challenging, articulate notions about who Deep Throat was and his impact on the show. " As a result, FOX aired the episode without forcing any changes. ^[30] Fans also paid close attention to continuity: "Early on, people were really talking about themes and character, and then they became overwhelmed by people who were totally focused on plot points", according to Morgan. The writers received instant criticism from Internet fans when 1994's "Little Green Men" gave an account of Mulder's sister's abduction that contradicted an earlier episode. ^[30] Writer Frank Spotnitz came up with the idea for the 1996 mythology episode "Apocrypha" when X-Philes at an X-Files convention reminded him of an unresolved plot thread about Scully's sister. Science fiction conventions are gatherings of the community of fans (called Science fiction fandom) of various forms of Speculative fiction including Science ^[112]

The X-Files also "caught on with viewers who wouldn't ordinarily consider themselves sci-fi fans. "^[103] Chris Carter said the show was plot-driven, while many fans saw it as character-driven. ^[4] David Duchovny and Gillian Anderson were characterized as being "Internet sex symbols. A sex symbol is a famous person of either gender typically an Actor, Musician, model, Teen idol, or Sports star "^[3] As the show grew in popularity, subgroups of fans developed, such as "relationshippers" hoping for a romantic or sexual partnership between Mulder and Scully, or those who already saw one between the lines. ^[4] The word "shipper" was first used in this context by online X-Files fans on the popular newsgroup alt. Shipping, derived from the word "relationship" is a general term for fans' emotional and/or intellectual involvement with the ongoing development of romance in tv. x-files as early as mid-1996, responding to an episode in which Mulder and Scully held hands. ^[113] Other groups arose to pay tribute to the stars,^[110] their characters,^[114] and even to a small supporting role, Agent Pendrell,^[115] while others joined the subculture of "slash" fiction. Agent Pendrell (pronounced) is a Fictional character on the Television series The X-Files. Slash fiction is a genre of Fan fiction that focuses on the depiction of romantic (and often sexual relationships between two or more male characters who may not be engaged ^[4] As of summer 1996, a journalist wrote, "there are entire forums online devoted to the 'M/S' relationship. "^[110] In addition to "MOTW" (monster of the week), Internet fans invented acronymns such as "UST" (unresolved sexual tension) and "COTR" (conversation on the rock) to aid in their discussions of the agents' relationship, which was itself identified as the "MSR. "^[116]

The producers did not endorse some fans' readings, according to a study on the subject: "Not content to allow Shippers to perceive what they wish, Carter has consistently reassured NoRomos [those against the idea of a Mulder/Scully romance] that theirs is the preferred reading. This allows him the plausible deniability to credit the show's success to his original plan even though many watched in anticipation of a romance, thanks, in part, to his strategic polysemy. Polysemy ( or) (from the Greek πολυσημεία = "multiple meaning" is the capacity for a sign (e He can deny that these fans had reason to do so, however, since he has repeatedly stated that a romance was not and would never be. "^[4] The Scully-obsessed writer in Carter's 1999 episode "Milagro" was read by some as his alter ego, realizing that by this point "she has fallen for Mulder despite his authorial intent. An alter ego ( Latin, "the other I" is a second self, a second Personality or Persona within a Person "^[4] One 1995 episode, "2Shy", about a mutant who lured insecure women with poetry in chat rooms and then killed them by sucking the fat from their bodies, was seen as a possible dig at online fans. " 2Shy " is the sixth episode of the third season of television series The X-Files. The term chat room, or chatroom, is primarily used by Mass media to describe any form of Synchronous conferencing, occasionally even Asynchronous conferencing However, writers sometimes paid tribute to the more visible fans by naming minor characters after them. ^[110][109]

Influences on the show

Television

Chris Carter listed television series Alfred Hitchcock Presents, The Twilight Zone, Night Gallery, Tales from the Darkside and especially Kolchak: The Night Stalker as his major influences for the show. Alfred Hitchcock Presents is an Anthology Television series hosted by Alfred Hitchcock. The Twilight Zone is an American Television series created by Rod Serling. Night Gallery is Rod Serling 's follow-up series to The Twilight Zone that aired on NBC from 1970 to 1973 Tales from the Darkside is an Anthology TV series from the 1980s produced by George A Kolchak The Night Stalker is an American Television series that aired on ABC in 1974 Carter said, "Remembering that show, which I loved, I said to the FOX executives, 'There's nothing scary on network television anymore. A television network is a distribution network for Television content whereby a central operation provides programming for many Television stations Let's do a scary show. '"^[29] Actor Darren McGavin, who played Carl Kolchak in Kolchak: The Night Stalker, appeared in two episodes of The X-Files as Agent Arthur Dales, a character described as the "father of The X-Files. Darren McGavin (born William Lyle Richardson; May 7, 1922 &ndash February 25, 2006) was an American Actor best "

Carter has mentioned that the relationship between Mulder and Scully (platonic but with sexual tension) was influenced by the chemistry between John Steed (Patrick Macnee) and Emma Peel (Diana Rigg) in the 1960s British spy TV program The Avengers. John Steed is a fictional character played by Patrick Macnee, on the British series The Avengers and The New Avengers. Patrick Macnee (born 6 February 1922) is an English Actor, best known for his role as the secret agent John Steed Emma Peel was a fictional Television Spy played by Diana Rigg in the British 1960s adventure series The Avengers. Dame Enid Diana Elizabeth Rigg DBE (born 20 July 1938 is an English actress. The Avengers was a British Television series featuring Secret agents in 1960s Britain. ^[34] One journalist documented possible influence from Nigel Kneale's Quatermass series and its various television and film iterations. Nigel Kneale (18 April 1922 &ndash 29 October 2006 was a Manx writer who worked mostly in the United Kingdom. ^[117] Kneale was invited to write for The X-Files, but declined the offer. ^[118]

The early 1990s cult hit Twin Peaks is seen as a major influence on the show's dark atmosphere and its often surreal blend of drama and irony. Twin Peaks is a Television Serial drama that follows the investigation of the brutal murder of popular respected Teenager and homecoming queen David Duchovny had appeared as a cross-dressing DEA agent in Twin Peaks, and the character of Mulder was seen as a parallel to the show's FBI Agent Dale Cooper. Cross-dressing is the act of wearing clothing commonly associated with another gender within a particular Society. FBI Special Agent Dale B Cooper is a character from the television series Twin Peaks, created by David Lynch and Mark Frost. ^[3] Both shows were filmed in the Pacific Northwest. The Pacific Northwest is a region in the northwest of North America (the term refers to the land not the ocean

In the pilot episode of The X-Files, the first time Mulder is seen, he's sitting at his desk, and among the clutter on the desk, a framed copy of the Laura Palmer "prom-queen" photo is seen.

Film

The producers and writers have cited All the President's Men, Three Days of the Condor, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Rashomon, The Thing, The Boys from Brazil, The Silence of the Lambs,^[11] and JFK as influences on the series. All the President's Men is a 1976 film based on the 1974 non-fiction book by Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, the two journalists investigating Three Days of the Condor is a 1975 American Thriller film produced by Stanley Schneider and directed by Sydney Pollack. Close Encounters of the Third Kind is a 1977 Science fiction film directed and written by Steven Spielberg. Raiders of the Lost Ark (also known as Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark) is a 1981 Adventure film directed by Steven is a 1950 Japanese film directed by Akira Kurosawa, working in close collaboration with Cinematographer Kazuo Miyagawa. The Thing is a 1982 science fiction and Horror film directed by John Carpenter, written by Bill Lancaster and starring The Boys from Brazil is a 1978 Academy Award-nominated thriller made by Lew Grade 's ITC Entertainment and distributed by The Silence of the Lambs is a 1991 suspense film directed by Jonathan Demme and starring Jodie Foster, Anthony Hopkins, JFK is a 1991 American film directed by Oliver Stone. The film was released on December 20 1991 Gangster films such as the Godfather trilogy are also frequently referenced in the show's conspiracy plotlines, particularly concerning the Syndicate. The Godfather is a 1972 Crime drama film based on the 1969 novel of the same name by Mario Puzo and directed A scene at the end of the episode "Redux II" (5X03), for instance, directly mirrors the famous baptism montage at the end of The Godfather. A montage sequence is a technique in Film editing in which a series of short shots is edited into a sequence to condense narrative Chris Carter's use of continuous takes in "Triangle" (6X03) was modeled on Hitchcock's Rope. Rope ( 1948) is an Alfred Hitchcock classic film notable for its single location edited so as to appear as a single continuous shot taking Other episodes written by Carter made numerous references to other films, as did those by Darin Morgan.

Awards

Over the course of its nine seasons, the show was nominated for 141 awards, winning a total of 61 individual awards from 24 different agencies, including the Emmys, the Golden Globes, the Environmental Media Awards, and the Screen Actors Guild Awards. The Golden Globe Awards are American awards for motion pictures and Television programs given out each year during a formal dinner The Environmental Media Awards have been awarded by the Environmental Media Association since 1991 to the best television episode or film with an environmental message The Screen Actors Guild Awards are an annual award given by the Screen Actors Guild (SAG to recognize outstanding performances by members ^[49] The X-Files also won a Peabody Award in 1996, during its third season. The George Foster Peabody Awards, better known as simply the Peabody Awards, are annual international awards for excellence in Radio and Television broadcasting

The show earned a total of 16 Emmys; two for acting, one for writing, and 13 for various technical categories. In September 1994, The X-Files won its first award, the Emmy for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Graphic Design and Title Sequences.

Peter Boyle later won the Emmy for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series for his portrayal of the title character in the third-season episode "Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose". Peter Lawrence "Pete" Boyle ( October 18, 1935 &ndash December 12, 2006) was an American Actor. " Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose " is the fourth episode of the third season of television series The X-Files. In the same year, Darin Morgan won the Emmy for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Writing for a Drama Series for the same episode. Darin Morgan is an American screenwriter best known for several offbeat darkly humorous episodes of the television series The X-Files and Millennium "Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose" was one of four highly-acclaimed episodes Morgan wrote during his short time on the show's writing staff. In 1997, both Duchovny and Anderson won Golden Globe awards for the best male and female actors in a drama series. Later that year, Anderson won the Emmy for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series.

Throughout its run, The X-Files also won Emmy awards in seven technical categories: Graphic Design and Title Sequences, Cinematography, Sound Editing and Mixing, Art Direction, Single Camera Picture Editing, Makeup, and Special Visual Effects. This is a list of the winning and nominated programs of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Special Visual Effects in a Television series, Miniseries It was additionally nominated for 15 Saturn Awards, and its wins include 3 for Best Network Television Series, 1 for Best Actress on Television (Gillian Anderson), and 1 for Best Actor on Television (Robert Patrick). The Saturn Award is an award presented annually by the Academy of Science Fiction Fantasy & Horror Films to honor the top works in Science fiction, Fantasy

Broadcast history

The first season of The X-Files premiered on September 10, 1993 on FOX. Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) In the United Kingdom it first aired on satellite television channel Sky One January 19, 1994 before being shown to a wider audience on the terrestrial channel BBC2 from September 19, airing at 21:00. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Satellite television is Television delivered by the means of Communications satellites as compared to conventional Terrestrial television and Cable Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) Terrestrial television is a term which refers to modes of television broadcasting which do not involve satellite transmission Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I. Since then, it has expanded into other countries across the world (including Canada, Mexico and throughout Latin America, New Zealand, Ukraine, Australia, Singapore, Pakistan, the Philippines, Portugal, Spain, Greece, Croatia, Germany, Poland, South Korea, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, South Africa, France, Malaysia, Italy, China, Taiwan, Brazil, Thailand,Turkey, Switzerland, Serbia, Bulgaria and Japan), either being dubbed or subtitled to accommodate for foreign language viewers. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Singapore Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe Finland, officially the Republic of Finland ( is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Serbia (Србија Srbija) officially the Republic of Serbia (Република Србија Republika Srbija) is a Landlocked Country The state of Bulgaria (България transliterated bg-Latn ''Balgaria'' The country preserves the traditions (in ethnic name language and alphabet of the First Bulgarian For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. ^[36]

For the first few years of its run, its ratings steadily increased, reaching its zenith in terms of ratings by its fifth season. ^[5] Season 4's "Leonard Betts" which aired on FOX after the Super Bowl in 1997, holds the record for the highest rated episode in the United States. professional American football, the Super Bowl is the Championship game of the National Football League (NFL The next 15 highest Nielsen ratings were for "Redux" (5X02), "Redux II" (5X03), "El Mundo Gira" (4X11), "Herrenvolk" (4X01), "Detour" (5X04), "Small Potatoes" (4X20), "Never Again" (4X13), "Unusual Suspects" (5X01), "Schizogeny" (5X09), "Christmas Carol" (5x05), "Gethsemane" (4X24), "Chinga" (5x10), "Patient X" (5X13), "The Rain King" (6ABX07) and "Emily" (5X07). Nielsen Ratings are audience measurement systems developed by Nielsen Media Research to determine the Audience size and composition of television " El Mundo Gira " is the eleventh episode of the fourth season of the television series The X-Files. " Detour " is the fourth episode of the fifth season of the television series The X-Files. ^[5]

The show was first syndicated in the U. In Broadcasting, syndication is the sale of the right to broadcast Radio shows and Television shows to multiple individual stations without going through S. on a Fox-owned cable channel, FX. News Corporation (often abbreviated to News Corp) (,,) is one of the world's largest media conglomerate companies by Market capitalisation FX (for Fox eXtended is the name of a number of related subscription TV channels owned by News Corporation 's Fox Entertainment Group. This arrangement resulted in a 1999 lawsuit from Duchovny, claiming the contract had not been open to fair bidding. The suit was settled out of court. ^[119] The X-Files reruns are currently being shown on TNT and the Sci-Fi Channel, among others. Turner Network Television, usually referred to as TNT, is an American cable TV network created by media mogul Ted Turner and currently owned Carter filed his own lawsuit over syndication issues against 20th Century Fox Television on December 30, 2005; this was seen as the main impediment to plans for a second X-Files film. Twentieth Century Fox Television Inc (on-logo as 20th Century Fox Television) is the television production division of the 20th Century Fox movie studio a subsidiary Events 1460 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Wakefield. 1816 - The Treaty of St Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The lawsuit was settled and a second X-Files film was made, entitled The X-Files: I Want to Believe. The X-Files I Want to Believe is a 2008 Science fiction film directed by Chris Carter, and written by Carter and Frank Spotnitz

Merchandise

Main article: The X-Files merchandise

The X-Files-related merchandise includes:

Action figures based on the film Barbie and Ken dolls as Scully and Mulder Collectible trading cards

Comic books (by Topps and Checker) Episode sets on VHS and DVD Soundtrack recordings on CD

T-shirts Magazine Video games

The entire series is currently available on DVD by season. Merchandise related to the American TV show The X-Files includes VHS and DVD sets compact discs video games t-shirts and a magazine devoted specifically to the The X-Files is a 1998 Science fiction film based on the television series of the same name. Barbie is a best-selling fashion Doll launched in 1959 The doll is produced by Mattel Inc Topps Comics is a division of the American Trading card publisher and gum / Candy distributor the Topps Company Inc Checker Book Publishing Group is an independent publisher of Comics reprints from newspaper strips to modern out-of-print titles and collections from defunct DVD (also known as " Digital Versatile Disc " or " Digital Video Disc " - see Etymology)is Merchandise related to the American TV show The X-Files includes VHS and DVD sets compact discs video games t-shirts and a magazine devoted specifically to the Also available are "mythology" sets which were compilations of episodes that related to its "mytharc" storyline. Forty-eight episodes, selected to represent the best of the show's first four seasons, were also made available on VHS. Video game titles include The X-Files: The Game, The X-Files: Unrestricted Access and The X-Files: Resist or Serve, which expand on the show's storyline. The X-Files Game is an Adventure game for the PlayStation video game console PC, and Macintosh and is based on the television series The X-Files Unrestricted Access was a PC game developed by Fox Interactive to tie in with the show The X-Files

Ten Thirteen Productions

Chris Carter founded Ten Thirteen Productions to produce The X-Files, and later produced other shows under that company name. Chris Carter may refer to Cris Carter, former American football player at the wide receiver position Chris Carter (screenwriter, American Ten Thirteen Productions was a production company founded by Chris Carter in 1993, which produced four television series and two films ( The X-Files The shows were often shown to be related to one another, and references from one show to the next were often made:

Millennium

• The X-Files fourth season episode "Never Again": Agent Dana Scully goes to a tattoo parlor at the behest of her new acquaintance Ed Jerse. Millennium is an American supernatural thriller and crime drama television series produced by Chris Carter (creator of The X-Files " Never Again " is the thirteenth episode of the fourth season of the television series The X-Files. While there she selects a tattoo called an Ouroboros, a depiction of a serpent, coiled into a circle, eating its own tail. The Ouroboros (Greek grc Ουροβόρος from grc ουροβόρος όφις "tail-devouring snake" also spelled Ourorboros, Oroborus, Uroboros This emblem was the logo for the television series Millennium and the fictional group after which the program is named. Millennium is an American supernatural thriller and crime drama television series produced by Chris Carter (creator of The X-Files The episode was written by Glen Morgan & James Wong, who were frequent contributors to Millennium. Glen Morgan is an American Television producer, Writer and director, best known for his screen works of The X-Files, James Wong ( Chinese: 黃毅瑜 Pinyin: Huáng Yìyú Jyutping: Wong4 Ngai6 Jyu4 (B
• The X-Files seventh season episode "Millennium": Lance Henriksen and Brittany Tiplady make their final appearances as Millennium characters Frank and Jordan Black. A millennium (pl millennia) is a period of Time equal to one thousand Years (from Latin la mille, thousand and la annum Lance James Henriksen (born May 5 1940) is an American Actor, painter, and potter. Brittany Alexandra Tiplady (born January 21 1991) is a Canadian child actress best known for her role as Jordan Black in the television series Millennium had been canceled earlier that year, after its third season.
• Millennium first season episode "Lamentation" (written by Chris Carter): The main character, Frank Black, visits the FBI building and Mulder and Scully are briefly seen descending a stairway. In fact, they are Duchovny and Andersons' stand-ins. Stand-In ( 1937) is a Hollywood movie which shows the industry's own opinion on unions and the workers of Hollywood ^[120]
• Millennium second season episode "Jose Chung's Doomsday Defense": The writer Jose Chung appears, who was first seen in the The X-Files episode, "Jose Chung's From Outer Space". Jose Chung is a fictional writer, created by Darin Morgan, who appears in The X-Files episode Jose Chung's ''From Outer Space'' and Both episodes were written by Darin Morgan.
• Millennium third season episode "The Time Is Now": Character Peter Watts (Terry O'Quinn) picks up a "Morley" cigarette butt, indicating that the nefarious X-Files character, Cigarette Smoking Man, has been lurking in the vicinity recently. Terrance " Terry " O'Quinn (born July 15, 1952) is an Emmy Award -winning American Actor. The Cigarette Smoking Man (also known as Cancer Man or CGB Spender) was a character played by William B

Harsh Realm

This brief 1999 series was based on a graphic novel. Harsh Realm is a Science fiction Television series about humans trapped inside a Virtual reality simulation A Gillian Anderson provided voiceovers in the pilot episode, and Terry O'Quinn, who costarred in Millennium and guest starred in several X-Files episodes and the feature film, had a large role. Gillian Leigh Anderson (born August 9, 1968) is an American Actress, best known for her roles as FBI Special Agent Terrance " Terry " O'Quinn (born July 15, 1952) is an Emmy Award -winning American Actor. Scott Bairstow, who starred in The X-Files episode "Miracle Man", also had a lead role. Scott Hamilton Bairstow (April 23 1970 was born in Steinbach Manitoba, Canada to Douglas and Diane Bairstow professional classical musicians " Miracle Man " was the eighteenth episode of the first season of The X-Files science-fiction television series created by Unlike Millennium and The Lone Gunmen, however, there is no indication in the produced episodes of this series that it took place in the same universe as The X-Files.

The Lone Gunmen

This show was a short-lived spinoff that revolved around The X-Files' "The Lone Gunmen" characters: John Fitzgerald Byers, Richard Langly (aka "Ringo") and Melvin Frohike. The Lone Gunmen is a Television show created by Chris Carter and broadcast on FOX. John Fitzgerald Byers is a Fictional character in the Television shows The X-Files and The Lone Gunmen, played by Bruce Richard “Ringo” Langly is a Fictional character in the Television shows The X-Files and The Lone Gunmen. Melvin Frohike is a Fictional character in the Television shows The X-Files and The Lone Gunmen, played by Tom Braidwood The show occasionally featured guest appearances by The X-Files characters, such as Walter Skinner in the episode "The Lying Game"; and Fox Mulder and Morris Fletcher in the finale episode, "All About Yves". Walter Sergei Skinner is a Fictional character played by Mitch Pileggi on the Fox television series The X-Files. Special Agent Fox William Mulder, nicknamed "Spooky" Mulder is a Fictional character played by David Duchovny on the 1993 - 2002 With the cancellation of The Lone Gunmen series coming after a cliffhanger finale, The X-Files episode "Jump the Shark" served as its resolution, showing the trio getting killed while attempting to stop the release of a contagion. "Jump the Shark" is the fifteenth episode of the ninth season of The X-Files. It also featured other characters from The Lone Gunmen show.

See also

• Black oil
• Colonists (The X-Files)
• Syndicate (The X-Files)
• Shipping (fandom)
• List of X-Files episodes
• List of recurring characters from The X-Files
• List of X-Files informants
• List of MOTW characters
• Songs in the Key of X
• The Truth and the Light — Music from the X-Files
• Trixie (typeface)

References

Further reading

Books

• Jeanne Cavelos, The Science of the X-Files (New York : Berkley Boulevard Books, 1998), 288 pp.
• N. E. Genge, The Unofficial X-Files (New York: Crown Trade Paperbacks, 1995), 228 pp.
• James Hatfield and George "Doc" Burt, The Unauthorized X-Files (New York: MJF Books, 1996), 309 pp.
• Dean A. Kowalski (ed. ), The Philosophy of The X-Files (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2007), 275 pp.
• David Lavery (ed. ), Deny All Knowledge: Reading The X-Files (Syracuse, N. Y. : Syracuse University Press, 1996), 280 pp.
• Brian Lowry, Trust No One: The Official Third Season Guide to The X Files (New York: Harper Prism, 1996), 266 pp.

Essays

• Christy L. Burns, "Erasure: Alienation, Paranoia, and the Loss of Memory in The X-Files", Camera Obscura — 45 (Volume 15, Number 3), 2000, pp. 195–224.
• Paul Cantor, "Mainstreaming Paranoia: The X-Files and the Delegitimation of the Nation-State", Gilligan Unbound: Pop Culture in the Age of Globalization (Rowman & Littlefield, 2001), pp. 111–198.
• Eleanor Hersey, "Word-healers and code talkers: Native Americans in The X-Files", Journal of Popular Film and Television, Fall 1998.
• Douglas Kellner, "The X-Files and the Aesthetics and Politics of Postmodern Pop", The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, Vol. 57, No. 2, Spring 1999, pp. 161–175.
• Mikel J. Koven, "Have I Got a Monster for You: Some Thoughts on the Golem, "The X-Files" and the Jewish Horror Movie", Folklore, Vol. 111, No. 2, October 2000, pp. 217-230.
• Paul C. Peterson, "Religion in The X-Files", Journal of Media and Religion, Volume 1, Number 3, 2002, pp. 181–196.
• Christine Scodari and Jenna L. Felder, "Creating a pocket universe: 'Shippers', fan fiction, and The X-Files online", Communication Studies, Fall 2000.

External links

• The X-Files Wiki — a wiki about "the X-Files television series, movie, and related spin-offs"
• BBC X-Files Site (Unofficial). The BBC's X-Files section, with information, pictures, interviews, and more. A wiki is a page or collection of Web pages designed to enable anyone who accesses it to contribute or modify content using a simplified Markup language.

Preceded by NYPD Blue	Golden Globe — Best Television Series Drama 1995	Succeeded by Party of Five
Preceded by Party of Five	Golden Globe — Best Television Series Drama 1997–1998	Succeeded by The Practice

Preceded by Friends 1996

Super Bowl lead-out program 1997

Succeeded by 3rd Rock from the Sun 1998

NYPD Blue is an American television police drama set in New York City, exploring the internal and external struggles of the fictional 15th precinct Documentary series and mini-series are also eligible for this award as shown by the consecutive awards to Rich Man Poor Man, Roots, and 60 Minutes. Party of Five is an American Drama Television series that aired on FOX for six seasons from September 12 1994 Party of Five is an American Drama Television series that aired on FOX for six seasons from September 12 1994 Documentary series and mini-series are also eligible for this award as shown by the consecutive awards to Rich Man Poor Man, Roots, and 60 Minutes. The Practice is a American Legal drama created by David E Kelley centering on the partners and associates at a Boston Friends was an professional American football, the Super Bowl is the Championship game of the National Football League (NFL 3rd Rock from the Sun is an Emmy Award -winning American sitcom that aired from 1996 until 2001 on NBC.

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