The New Republic
The New Republic cover of 2008-01-30
Editor	Franklin Foer
Categories	Editorial magazine
Frequency	Twice per month
Circulation	60,000
Publisher	CanWest Global Communications
First issue	November 7, 1914
Company	New Republic, Inc
Country	United States
Language	English
Website	www.tnr.com
ISSN	0028-6583

The New Republic (TNR) is an American magazine published twice per month (published weekly before March 2007) and with a circulation between 40,000 and 65,000. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Magazines, periodicals or serials are Publications generally published on a regular schedule containing a variety of articles, generally The editor-in-chief is Martin Peretz and current editor is Franklin Foer. A publication's editor in chief is its Primary editor, having final responsibility for the operations and policies Martin H Peretz, also known as Marty Peretz, (born December 6, 1938) is an American publisher Editing Language, Images or Sound through correction condensation organization and other modifications in various media Franklin Foer (born 1975 is an American political Journalist and the editor of The New Republic. Politically, the magazine generally supports center-left, liberal policies. The centre-left (or center-left) is a political term commonly used to describe or denote individuals political parties or organizations (such as Think Modern liberalism in the United States, also referred to as American liberalism, is a political ideology that seeks to use the power of the state to effect change upon society

Politics

Domestically, the current version of TNR supports a largely centrist to center-left stance on fiscal issues and a more strongly liberal stance on social issues. Editor in chief Franklin Foer describes the magazine as overall center-left, stating that TNR "invented the modern usage of the term liberal, and it’s one of our historical legacies and obligations to be involved in the ongoing debate over what exactly liberalism means and stands for. A publication's editor in chief is its Primary editor, having final responsibility for the operations and policies "^[1] As of 2004, however, Anne Kossedd and Steven Randall, contend that it is not as liberal as it was before 1974. ^[2] The magazine's outlook is associated with the Democratic Leadership Council and "New Democrats" like former President Bill Clinton and Connecticut Senator Joseph Lieberman, who received the magazine's endorsement in the 2004 Democratic primary. In the Politics of the United States, the New Democrats are an ideologically centrist faction within the Democratic Party that emerged after the victory William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States Joseph Isadore "Joe" Lieberman (born February 24 1942 is the junior United States Senator from Connecticut. Ten candidates vied for the nomination including retired four-star general Wesley Clark, former Vermont Governor Howard Dean, John Edwards These policies, while seeking to achieve the ends of traditional social welfare programs, often use market solutions as their means, and so are often called "business-friendly. " Typical of some of the policies supported by both TNR and the DLC during the 1990s were increased funding for the Earned Income Tax Credit program and reform of the Federal welfare system. The United States federal Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC or EIC is a Refundable tax credit. Welfare is financial assistance paid to people by governments Supply-side economics, especially the idea of giving tax cuts to the rich, received heavy criticism from senior editor Jonathan Chait. Jonathan Chait (born 1972 is a senior editor at The New Republic and a former assistant editor of The American Prospect. ^[3] Moreover, the TNR is strongly in favor of universal health care. On certain high-profile social issues, such as its support of same-sex marriage, TNR could be considered more progressive than the centrist mainstream of the Democratic Party establishment. In its March 2007 issue, The New Republic ran an article by Paul Starr (co-founder of the magazine's main rival, The American Prospect) where he defined the type of modern American liberalism in his article War and Liberalism:

Unsigned editorials prior to the 2003 invasion of Iraq expressed strong support for military action, citing the threat of WMD as well as humanitarian concerns. The 2003 invasion of Iraq, from March 20 to May 1 2003 was spearheaded by the United States, backed by British forces and smaller contingents from Australia A weapon of mass destruction ( WMD) is a weapon which can kill large numbers of humans and/or cause great damage to man-made structures (e Since the end of major military operations, unsigned editorials, while critical of the handling of the war, have continued to justify the invasion on humanitarian grounds, but no longer maintain that Iraq's WMD facilities posed any threat to the United States. In the November 27, 2006, issue, the editors wrote:

On June 23, 2006, TNR owner Martin Peretz, in response to criticism of the magazine from the blog Daily Kos, wrote the following as a summary of TNR's stances on recent issues

The magazine has also published two articles concerning income inequality, largely criticizing conservative economists for their attempts to deny the existence or negative effect increasing income inequality is having on the United States. In its May 2007 issue the magazine ran the editoral, titled "Nice Ass," which points to the humanitarian beliefs of liberals for the recent plight of the American left. In another recent article the TNR hailed Denmark as an example that strong involvement in a country's economy can lead to great prosperity. Such editorials and articles exemplify the liberal political orientation of TNR.

History

Early years

The New Republic (TNR) was founded by Herbert Croly and Walter Lippmann through the financial backing of heiress Dorothy Payne Whitney and her husband, Willard Straight, who maintained majority ownership. Herbert David Croly ( January 23, 1869 - May 17, 1930) was an American liberal political Author. Walter Lippmann ( September 23, 1889 - December 14, 1974) was an influential American Writer, Journalist, and Dorothy Payne Whitney ( January 23, 1887 &ndash 1968 was an American -born social activist and philanthropist and a member of the prominent Whitney Willard Dickerman Straight ( January 31, 1880 – December 1, 1918) was an American Investment banker, Publisher The magazine's first issue was published on November 7, 1914. Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The magazine's politics were liberal and progressive, and as such concerned with coping with the great changes brought about by America's late-19th century industrialization. Liberalism in the United States is a broad political and philosophical mindset favoring individual Liberty, and opposing restrictions on liberty whether they come from Progressivism is a term that refers to a broad school of international social and political philosophies. is a process of social and economic change whereby a human group is transformed from a Pre-industrial society into an industrial one The magazine is widely considered important in changing the character of liberalism in the direction of governmental interventionism, both foreign and domestic. Among the most important of these was the emergence of the U. S. as a Great Power on the international scene, and in 1917 TNR urged America's entry into World War I on the side of the Allies. A great power is a Nation or State that has the ability to exert its influence on a global scale World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All The Entente Powers (from Triple Entente) were the countries at war with the Central Powers during World War I.

One consequence of World War I was the Russian Revolution of 1917, and during the inter-war years the magazine was generally positive in its assessment of the Soviet Union and its communist government. See also Russian Revolution (1905 The Russian Revolution of 1916 refers to a series of popular revolutions in Russia, and the events surrounding them The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Communist state is a term used by many Political scientists to describe a Form of government in which the State operates under a one-party system This changed with the start of the Cold War and the 1948 departure of leftist editor Henry A. Wallace to run for president on the Progressive ticket. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the Henry Agard Wallace (October 7 1888 &ndash November 18 1965 was the thirty-third Vice President of the United States (1941&ndash45 the eleventh Secretary of The United States Progressive Party of 1948 was a political party that ran former Vice President Henry A After Wallace, TNR moved towards positions more typical of mainstream American liberalism. Liberalism is a broad array of related ideas and theories of Government that consider individual Liberty to be the most important political goal During the 1950s it was critical of both Soviet foreign policy and domestic anti-communism, particularly McCarthyism. Anti-communism refers to opposition to Communism. Historically the word "communism" has been used to refer to several types of communal social organization and McCarthyism is a term describing the intense anti-communist suspicion in the United States in a period that lasted roughly from the late 1940s to the late 1950s During the 1960s the magazine opposed the Vietnam War, but was also often critical of the New Left. The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia The New Left were the Left-wing movements in different countries in the 1960s and 1970s that unlike the earlier leftist focus on union activism instead adopted a

Up until the late 1960s, the magazine had a certain "cachet as the voice of re-invigorated liberalism", in the opinion of Eric Alterman, a commentator who has criticized the magazine's politics from the left. Eric Alterman (b January 14, 1960) is a liberal American Journalist, Author, Media critic, blogger, and That cachet, Alterman wrote, "was perhaps best illustrated when the dashing, young President Kennedy had been photographed boarding Air Force One holding a copy". ^[6]

Peretz ownership and eventual editorship, 1974-1979

In March 1974, the magazine was purchased for $380,000^[6] by Harvard University lecturer Martin Peretz,^[7] from Gilbert Harrison. Martin H Peretz, also known as Marty Peretz, (born December 6, 1938) is an American publisher ^[6] Peretz was a veteran of the New Left who had broken with that movement over its support of various Third World liberationist movements, particularly the Palestine Liberation Organization. The New Left were the Left-wing movements in different countries in the 1960s and 1970s that unlike the earlier leftist focus on union activism instead adopted a Third World is a name given to nations that are generally considered to be underdeveloped economically The Palestine Liberation Organization ( PLO) (منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية or Munazzamat al-Tahrir al-Filastiniyyah) is a political and paramilitary Peretz transformed TNR into its current form. Under his ownership, TNR has advocated both strong U. S. support for the Israeli government and a hawkish U. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. War Hawk is a term originally used to describe a member of the House of Representatives of the Twelfth Congress of the United States who advocated S. foreign policy. ^[6] On domestic policy, it has advocated a self-critical brand of liberalism, taking positions that range from traditionally liberal to neoliberalism. Originally coined by its critics and opponents " neoliberalism " is a label referring to the recent reemergence of Economic liberalism or Classical liberalism It has generally supported Democratic candidates for president, although in 1980 it endorsed the moderate Republican John B. Anderson, running as an independent, rather than the Democratic incumbent Jimmy Carter. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. John Bayard Anderson (born February 15 1922 is an attorney and former United States Congressman and Presidential candidate James Earl "Jimmy" Carter Jr (born October 1 1924 was the thirty-ninth President of the United States, serving from 1977 to 1981 and the recipient of the 2002

Harrison continued editing the magazine, expecting Peretz to let him continue running the magazine for three years. But by 1975, when Peretz became annoyed at having his own articles rejected for publication while he was pouring money into the magazine to cover its losses, he fired Harrison, and much of the staff, including Walter Pincus, Stanley Karnow, and Doris Grumbach, was either fired or quit, being replaced largely by recent Harvard graduates lacking in journalistic experience. Walter Haskell Pincus (born December 24, 1932) is a national security Journalist for The Washington Post. Stanley Karnow (born 1925 in New York City) is a Pulitzer Prize -winning author who covered Asia from 1959 as chief correspondent for Time and Doris Grumbach (b July 12, 1918) is an American Novelist, Biographer, Literary critic, and Essayist. Peretz himself became the editor and stayed in that post until 1979. As other editors have been appointed, Peretz has remained editor-in-chief. ^[6]

Kinsley and Hertzberg editorships, 1979-1991

Michael Kinsley, a neoliberal (in the American sense of the term), was editor (1979-1981; 1985-1989), alternating twice with Hendrik Hertzberg (1981-1985; 1989-1991), who has been called "an old-fashioned social democrat". Michael Kinsley (born March 9, 1951 in Detroit Michigan) is an American political Journalist, commentator Television host and pundit Originally coined by its critics and opponents " neoliberalism " is a label referring to the recent reemergence of Economic liberalism or Classical liberalism Hendrik Hertzberg (born 1943 is an American journalist best known as the principal political commentator for The New Yorker magazine Kinsley was only 28 years old when he first became editor and was still studying law^[6] at George Washington University. The George Washington University ( GW or GWU) is a private coeducational university located in Washington D

Writers for the magazine during this era included neoliberals Mickey Kaus and Jacob Weisberg along with Charles Krauthammer, Fred Barnes, Morton Kondracke, Sidney Blumenthal, Robert Kuttner, Ronald Steel, Michael Walzer, and Irving Howe. Mickey Kaus (born July 6 1951 is an American journalist and author best known for writing Kausfiles, a "mostly political" Blog featured on Slate Jacob Weisberg (born 1964) is an American political Journalist, currently serving as editor-in-chief of Slate Group a division of The Washington Post Company Charles Krauthammer (born March 13, 1950 in New York City) is a Pulitzer Prize -winning syndicated columnist and Commentator Fred Barnes may refer to Fred Barnes (performer (1885-1938 English music hall artist Fred Barnes (journalist, American journalist Morton M Kondracke (born April 28, 1939) is an American political commentator and Journalist. Sidney Blumenthal (born November 6, 1948) is a former aide to President Bill Clinton and a widely published American journalist especially on American Robert Kuttner is the co-founder and current editor-in-chief of The American Prospect, which was created in 1990 as "an authoritative magazine of liberal ideas" Michael Walzer ( 3 March 1935) is an American Political philosopher and Public intellectual. Irving Howe ( June 11, 1920 &ndash May 5, 1993) was an American literary and social critic ^[6]

During the 1980s the magazine generally supported President Ronald Reagan's anti-Communist foreign policy, including provision of aid to the Nicaraguan Contras. The Contras is a label given to the various rebel groups opposing Nicaragua 's FSLN (Frente Sandinista de Liberacion Nacional Sandinista Junta of National It has also supported both Gulf Wars and, reflecting its belief in the moral efficacy of American power, intervention in "humanitarian" crises, such as those in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo during the Yugoslav wars. Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Latin script: Bosna i Hercegovina, Cyrillic script: Босна и Херцеговина is a country on the Balkan The Yugoslav Wars were a series of violent conflicts in the territory of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY that took place between 1991 and

The magazine also became known for its originality and unpredictability in the 1980s. It was widely considered a "must read" across the political spectrum. An article in Vanity Fair judged TNR "the smartest, most impudent weekly in the country," and the "most entertaining and intellectually agile magazine in the country. " According to Alterman, the magazine's prose could sparkle and the contrasting views within its pages were "genuinely exciting". He added, "The magazine unarguably set the terms of debate for insider political elites during the Reagan era. "^[6]

With the less predictable opinions, more of them leaning conservative than before, the magazine won the respect of many conservative opinion leaders and 20 copies were messengered to the Reagan White House each Thursday afternoon. Norman Podhoretz called the magazine "indispensable", and George Will said it was "currently the nation's most interesting and most important political journal. Norman B Podhoretz (b January 16, 1930) is an American neoconservative theorist and writer for Commentary. George Frederick Will (born May 4, 1941) is a Pulitzer Prize -winning conservative American newspaper Columnist, journalist " National Review described it as "one of the most interesting magazines in the United States. National Review ( NR) is a biweekly Magazine and Web site, founded by the late author William F "^[6]

Credit for its quality and popularity was often assigned to Kinsley, whose wit and critical sensibility were seen as enlivening a magazine that had for many years been more conventional in its politics, and Hertzberg, a former writer for The New Yorker and speechwriter for Jimmy Carter. The New Yorker is an American Magazine that publishes reportage commentary criticism essays fiction satire cartoons and poetry

Hertzberg and Kinsley not only alternated as editor but also alternated as the author of the magazine's lead column, "TRB from Washington". Its perspective was described as left-of-center in 1988. ^[8]

A final ingredient that led to the magazine's increased stature in the 1980s was its "back of the book" or literary, cultural and arts pages, which were edited by Leon Wieseltier. Leon Wieseltier (b June 14, 1952) is a American Writer, Critic, and magazine editor Peretz discovered Wieseltier, then working at Harvard's Society of Fellows, and put him in charge of the section. Wieseltier reinvented the section along the lines of The New York Review of Books, allowing his critics, many of them academics, to write longer, critical essays instead of mere book reviews. The New York Review of Books (or NYREV or NYRB) is a semimonthly Magazine on Literature, Culture, and current Alterman calls the hire "probably [. . . ] Peretz's single most significant positive achievement" in running the magazine. During other changes of editors, Wieseltier has remained as cultural editor. Under him the section has been "simultaneously erudite and zestful", according to Alterman, who adds, "Amazingly, a full generation later, it still sings. "^[6]

Sullivan editorship, 1991-1996

In 1990, Andrew Sullivan, a 28-year-old gay Catholic from Britain, became editor and took the magazine in a somewhat more conservative direction, though the majority of writers remained liberal or neoliberal. Andrew Michael Sullivan (born August 10 1963 is a prominent Blogger, author and Political commentator. Hertzberg soon left the magazine to return to The New Yorker. Kinsley left the magazine in 1996 to found the online magazine Slate. Slate is an English-language online current affairs and culture Magazine created in 1996 by former New Republic editor Michael ^[6]

Sullivan invited Charles Murray to contribute a controversial 10,000-word article that contended blacks may be, as a whole, less intelligent than whites due to genetics. This article is about the political scientist For other people with the same name see Charles Murray (disambiguation. The magazine also published a very critical article about Hillary Clinton's health care plan by Elizabeth McCaughey, an article that Alterman called "the single most influential article published in the magazine during the entire Clinton presidency". Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26 1947 is the junior United States Senator from Betsy McCaughey Ross (born Elizabeth Peterkin, October 20, 1948, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania) was the Lieutenant Governor of the State Sullivan also published a number of pieces by Camille Paglia. Camille Anna Paglia (born 2 April 1947 in Endicott New York) is an American Author, Teacher, Feminist and Social critic ^[6]

Ruth Shalit, a young writer for the magazine in the Sullivan years, was repeatedly criticized for plagiarism. Ruth Shalit (born 1971, Milwaukee, Wisconsin) is a freelance writer and former journalist dismissed from The New Republic for Plagiarism After the Shalit scandals, the magazine began using fact-checkers. One was Stephen Glass, who later was found to have made up quotes, anecdotes and facts in his articles. Stephen Glass (born 1972 is an American Paralegal who was previously a Reporter for The New Republic; he was eventually fired for ^[6]

Kelly, Lane, Beinart, Foer editorships, 1996 to present

After Sullivan stepped down in 1996, David Greenberg and Peter Beinart served jointly as Acting Editors. Peter Beinart (born 1971 is a Journalist and editor-at-large for The New Republic, having served as editor of TNR from November 1999 until March 2006 After the 1996 election, Michael Kelly served as editor for a year. Michael Kelly ( March 17 1957 – April 3 2003) was an Editor-at-large of the Atlantic Monthly and a columnist During his tenure as editor and afterward, Kelly, who also wrote the TRB column, was intensely critical of President Clinton. ^[6]

Chuck Lane held the position between 1997 and 1999. Charles "Chuck" Lane is a Journalist and editor who is a staff writer for The Washington Post. During Lane's tenure, the Stephen Glass scandal became public. Stephen Glass (born 1972 is an American Paralegal who was previously a Reporter for The New Republic; he was eventually fired for Peretz has written that Lane "put the ship back on its course," for which Peretz said he was "immensely grateful. " But Peretz later fired Lane, who only got the news when a Washington Post reporter called him for a comment. The Washington Post is the largest and most circulated Newspaper in Washington D ^[6]

Peter Beinart, a third editor who took over when he was 28 years old,^[6] followed Lane and served as editor from 1999 to 2006. Peter Beinart (born 1971 is a Journalist and editor-at-large for The New Republic, having served as editor of TNR from November 1999 until March 2006

Franklin Foer took over from Beinart in March 2006. Franklin Foer (born 1975 is an American political Journalist and the editor of The New Republic. In the magazine's first editorial under Foer, it said "We've become more liberal … We've been encouraging Democrats to dream big again on the environment and economics [. . . ]". ^[6] Foer is the brother of novelist Jonathan Safran Foer, author of Everything Is Illuminated (2002). Jonathan Safran Foer (born 1977 is an American writer best known for his 2002 Novel Everything Is Illuminated. Everything Is Illuminated is the first Novel by the American writer Jonathan Safran Foer, published in 2002. The year 2002 in literature involved some significant events and new books

Other prominent writers who edited or wrote for the magazine in these years include senior editor and TRB columnist Jonathan Chait, Lawrence Kaplan, John Judis and Spencer Ackerman. Jonathan Chait (born 1972 is a senior editor at The New Republic and a former assistant editor of The American Prospect. John B Judis is an American author and journalist He received B Spencer Ackerman is a former reporter for The New Republic who now writes about security issues for the Washington Independent. ^[6]

In 2005, TNR created its blog, called The Plank, which is written by Michael Crowley, Franklin Foer, Jason Zengerle, and other TNR staff. A blog (a contraction of the term " Web log " is a Web site, usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary descriptions of The Plank is meant to be TNR's primary blog, replacing the magazine's first three blogs, &c. , Iraq'd, and Easterblogg.

The magazine remains well known, with references to it occasionally popping up in popular culture. Lisa Simpson was once portrayed as a subscriber to The New Republic for Kids. Lisa Marie Simpson is a Fictional character in the animated Television series The Simpsons and is voiced by Yeardley Smith. Matt Groening, The Simpsons' creator, once drew a cover for TNR. Matthew Abram Groening (ˈɡreɪnɪŋ GRAY-ning) (born February 15 1954 is an American Cartoonist, television producer and writer from Portland In the pilot episode of the HBO series Entourage aired first on July 18, 2004, Ari Gold asks Eric Murphy: "Do you read The New Republic? Well, I do, and it says that you don't know what the fuck you're talking about. The following is a list of episodes for the HBO original series Entourage. Entourage is an Emmy Award -winning HBO original series created by Doug Ellin that chronicles the rise of Vincent Chase — a Events 390 BC - Roman - Gaulish Wars Battle of the Allia - a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Ariel A "Ari" Gold is a character on the Comedy-drama Television series Entourage. Eric "E" Murphy is a character on the Dramedy Television series Entourage. "

End of Peretz's ownership, 2007

Until February 2007, The New Republic was owned by Martin Peretz, New York financiers Roger Hertog and Michael Steinhardt, and Canadian media conglomerate CanWest. Roger Hertog is an American businessman Financier and conservative Philanthropist. Michael H Steinhardt (born in Brooklyn New York) is an American businessman and philanthropist active in Jewish causes Canwest Global Communications Corp () operating under the corporate brand Canwest, is one of Canada 's largest International media companies ^[9]

In late February 2007, Peretz sold his share of the magazine to CanWest, which announced that a subsidiary, CanWest Media Works International, had acquired a full interest in the publication. Peretz retained his position as editor-in-chief. ^[10]

New format

Starting with the March 19, 2007 issue, the magazine implemented major changes:

• Decreased frequency: the magazine will now be published twice a month, or 24 times a year. Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. This replaces the old plan of publishing 44 issues a year.

• New design and layout: Issues will feature more visuals, new art and other "reader friendly" content.

• More pages and bigger size: Issues will be bigger and contain more pages.

• Improved paper: Sturdier covers and pages.

• Increased newsstand price: Although the subscription prices aren't to change, the newsstand price will increase from $3. 95 to $4. 95.

• Website redesign: The website will offer more daily content and new features. ^[11][12]

Circulation

The New Republic's average paid circulation for 2007 was 59,779 copies per issue, a decline of 41 percent since 2000.

In 2007 The New Republic was bought by CanWest. CanWest implemented major changes to the magazine in order to increase circulation. One of the changes was to file to remove itself from the Audit Bureau of Circulations. The Audit Bureau of Circulations ( ABC) of North America is a not-for-profit circulation-auditing organization The New Republic presently uses the alternative circulations auditor BPA Worldwide to count its circulation. BPA Worldwide audits the Circulation of primarily business-to-business and consumer Magazines. BPA allows publications to count free copies sent out as "qualified circulation" if they are in the market served by the publication. This means 6,000 free copies of The New Republic sent to Capitol Hill now qualify. ^[20] For comparison purposes, these unpaid copies are not included in the above chart of average paid circulation.

Online

According to Quantcast the TNR website received roughly 120,000 vistors in April 2008. Quantcast is a Web site that is based on viewing the statistics of other Web sites Demographically, visitors tended to be well educated (75% being college graduates, with 36% having a graduate degree), relatively affluent (55% having a household income of over $60,000 and 23% having a six figure income), white (79%), and more likely to be male (57%). The educational attainment of the US population is similar to that of many other industrialized countries with the vast majority of the population having completed secondary education Affluence in the United States refers to an individual's or household's state of being in an economically favorable position in contrast to a given Reference group. 82% were at least 35 years old with 38% being over the age of 50. ^[21]

Controversies

Michael Straight

New Republic editor Michael Whitney Straight (1948 to 1956) was later discovered to be a spy for the KGB, recruited into the same network as Donald Maclean, Guy Burgess, Kim Philby, and Anthony Blunt. ^[22] Straight's espianoge activities began at Cambridge during the 1930s; he later claimed that they ceased during World War II. Later, shortly before serving in Kennedy administration, he revealed his past ties and turned in fellow spy Anthony Blunt. In return for his cooperation, his own involvement was kept secret and he continued to serve in various capacities for the US Government until he retired. Straight admitted to his involvement in his memoirs; however, subsequent documents obtained from the former KGB after the fall of the Soviet Union indicated that he drastically understated the extent of his espianoge activities. ^[23][24]

New York Times - John McCain controversy

See also: John McCain lobbyist controversy

On 20 February 2008, the New York Times web page published an article, due in print the next day, that implied that Sen. See also Criticism of The New York Times#McCain article criticism On February 21, 2008, in the midst of John McCain 's campaign in the Events 1472 - Orkney and Shetland are left by Norway to Scotland, due to a Dowry payment 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common John McCain, the presumptive Republican presidential candidate, had an improper relationship with a telecommunications lobbyist, Vicki Iseman, eight or nine years ago and also rehashed the Keating Five scandal of 1989. See also Democratic Party (United States presidential primaries 2008 Candidates See also United States Republican presidential candidates 2008 Lobbying includes all attempts to influence Legislators and officials whether by other legislators constituents or organized groups The Keating Five were five United States Senators accused of corruption in 1989 igniting a major Political scandal as part The article implied a potential sexual relationship and improper actions by McCain on behalf of her client. Both McCain and Iseman immediately denied that there had been any impropriety.

Because the Drudge Report had leaked the existence of the (then developing) story a few months before it was published, the TNR began an investigation on what was going on behind the scenes at the paper. The TNR article, published on their web site, gave a history of the reporting of the article. ^[25] Brent Bozell of the watchdog Media Research Center said the story was done hastily by The Times because it feared the embarrassment of an imminent New Republic article reporting on internal dissension about the story. Leo Brent Bozell III (born July 14, 1955 in Washington DC) is the founder and president of the Media Research Center, the Conservative The Media Research Center (MRC is a conservative Content analysis organization based in Alexandria Virginia, founded in 1987 by L ^[26]

Stephen Glass scandal

In 1998, features writer Stephen Glass was revealed in a Forbes Digital investigation to have fabricated a story called "Hack Heaven". Stephen Glass (born 1972 is an American Paralegal who was previously a Reporter for The New Republic; he was eventually fired for Forbes is an American Publishing and media company Its flagship publication Forbes magazine is published bi-weekly A TNR investigation found that most of Glass' stories had used or been based on fabricated information. The story of Glass's fall and TNR editor Chuck Lane's handling of the scandal was dramatized in a 2003 film Shattered Glass, based on a 1998 article in Vanity Fair. Charles "Chuck" Lane is a Journalist and editor who is a staff writer for The Washington Post. Shattered Glass is a 2003 American Film about the fast rise and steep fall of Stephen Glass 's journalistic career at the The New Vanity Fair is an American magazine of Culture, Fashion, and Politics published by Condé Nast Publications. ^[27]

Ruth Shalit plagiarism

In 1995, writer Ruth Shalit was fired for repeated incidents of plagiarism and an excess of factual errors in her articles. Ruth Shalit (born 1971, Milwaukee, Wisconsin) is a freelance writer and former journalist dismissed from The New Republic for Plagiarism Plagiarism is the unauthorized use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work ^[28]

Lee Siegel

Long-time contributor, critic, and senior editor Lee Siegel had maintained a blog on the TNR site dedicated primarily to art and culture until an investigation revealed that he had collaborated in posting comments to his own blog under an alias aggressively praising Siegel, attacking his critics and claiming not to be Lee Siegel when challenged by an anonymous detractor on his blog. Lee Siegel may refer to Lee Siegel (cultural critic Lee Siegel (professor and novelist Dr ^[29][30] The blog was removed from the website and Siegel was suspended from writing for the print magazine;^[31] he resumed writing for TNR in April, 2007. Siegel was also controversial for his coinage "blogofascists" which he applied to "the entire political blogosphere", though with an emphasis on leftwing or center-left bloggers such as Daily Kos and Atrios. Daily Kos (koʊs is an American political Blog, publishing news and opinion from a liberal or progressive point of view Duncan Bowen Black (born February 18 1972 better known by his Pseudonym Atrios (ˈeɪtrioʊs is an American liberal Blogger ^[32]

Spencer Ackerman

In 2006, associate editor Spencer Ackerman was fired by Foer. Spencer Ackerman is a former reporter for The New Republic who now writes about security issues for the Washington Independent. Describing it as a "painful" decision, Foer attributed the firing to Ackerman's "insubordination": disparaging the magazine on his personal blog,^[33] saying that he would “skullfuck” a terrorist's corpse at an editorial meeting if that was required to "establish his anti-terrorist bona fides" and sending Foer an e-mail where he said—in what according to Ackerman was intended to be a joke—he would “make a niche in your skull” with a baseball bat. Ackerman, by contrast, argued that the dismissal was due to “irreconcilable ideological differences. ” He believed that his leftward drift as a result of the Iraq War and the actions of the Bush administration was not appreciated by the senior editorial staff. ^[34] Within 24 hours of being fired by The New Republic, Ackerman was hired as a senior correspondent for a rival magazine, The American Prospect. The American Prospect is a monthly American political Magazine dedicated to liberalism.

Scott Thomas Beauchamp controversy

Main article: Scott Thomas Beauchamp controversy

In July 2007, after The New Republic published an article by an American soldier in Iraq titled "Shock Troops," allegations of inadequate fact-checking were leveled against the magazine. The Scott Thomas Beauchamp controversy concerns the publication of a series of diaries by Scott Thomas Beauchamp (b Critics alleged that the piece contained inconsistent details indicative of fabrication. The identity of the anonymous soldier, Scott Thomas Beauchamp, was revealed. The Scott Thomas Beauchamp controversy concerns the publication of a series of diaries by Scott Thomas Beauchamp (b Beauchamp was married to Elspeth Reeve, one of the magazine’s three fact-checkers. As a result of the controversy, the New Republic and the United States Army launched investigations, reaching different conclusions. The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities. ^[35][36][37]

As of December 1, 2007, an article titled "The Fog of War" and bearing the byline of Franklin Foer, postdate December 10, 2007, has been available for professional critique. In the article, Foer writes that the magazine can no longer stand behind the stories written by Beauchamp. ^[38][39]

Editors

1. Herbert Croly (1914-1930)
2. Bruce Bliven (1930-1946)
3. Henry A. Wallace (1946-1948)
4. Michael Straight (1948-1956)
5. Gilbert A. Herbert David Croly ( January 23, 1869 - May 17, 1930) was an American liberal political Author. Henry Agard Wallace (October 7 1888 &ndash November 18 1965 was the thirty-third Vice President of the United States (1941&ndash45 the eleventh Secretary of Michael Whitney Straight, ( September 1, 1916 – January 4, 2004) was an American magazine publisher, Novelist Harrison (1956-1975)
6. Martin Peretz (1975-1979)
7. Michael Kinsley (1979-1981; 1985-1989)
8. Hendrik Hertzberg (1981-1985; 1989-1991)
9. Andrew Sullivan (1991-1996)
10. Michael Kelly (1996-1997)
11. Charles Lane (1997-1999)
12. Peter Beinart (1999-2006)
13. Franklin Foer (2006-present)^[9]

Before Wallace's appointment in 1946, the masthead listed no single editor in charge but gave an editorial board of four to eight members. Martin H Peretz, also known as Marty Peretz, (born December 6, 1938) is an American publisher Michael Kinsley (born March 9, 1951 in Detroit Michigan) is an American political Journalist, commentator Television host and pundit Hendrik Hertzberg (born 1943 is an American journalist best known as the principal political commentator for The New Yorker magazine Andrew Michael Sullivan (born August 10 1963 is a prominent Blogger, author and Political commentator. Michael Kelly ( March 17 1957 – April 3 2003) was an Editor-at-large of the Atlantic Monthly and a columnist Charles "Chuck" Lane is a Journalist and editor who is a staff writer for The Washington Post. Peter Beinart (born 1971 is a Journalist and editor-at-large for The New Republic, having served as editor of TNR from November 1999 until March 2006 Franklin Foer (born 1975 is an American political Journalist and the editor of The New Republic. Walter Lippmann, Edmund Wilson, and Robert Morss Lovett, among others, served on this board at various times. Walter Lippmann ( September 23, 1889 - December 14, 1974) was an influential American Writer, Journalist, and Edmund Wilson ( May 8, 1895 &ndash June 12 1972) was an American Writer and Robert Morss Lovett ( December 25, 1870 - February 8, 1956) was an American academic writer editor political activist and government official The names given above are the first editor listed in each issue, always the senior editor of the team.

Notable contributors

1910s-1940s

• John Dewey, essayist
• W. E. B. Du Bois, writer, professor and sociologist
• Otis Ferguson, film critic
• John T. Flynn, essayist and New Deal critic
• George Orwell, author and essayist
• Virginia Woolf, author and essayist

1943-1983

• Richard Strout, correspondent, The Christian Science Monitor, "TRB From Washington"
• John Beecher, contributing writer

1950s-1960s

• Hannah Arendt, political scientist
• Reinhold Niebuhr, theologian
• Philip Roth, author

1980s-1990s

• Fred Barnes
• Jeane Kirkpatrick^[6]
• Joshua Muravchik^[6]
• Eric Breindel^[6]
• Jacob Heilbrunn^[6]
• Irving Kristol^[6]
• Edward Luttwak^[6]
• Michael Ledeen^[6]
• Ronald Radosh^[6]
• Robert Kagan^[6]
• Charles Krauthammer^[6]

1990s-present

• Fouad Ajami, professor of Middle East Studies at Johns Hopkins University
• Scott Thomas Beauchamp, freelance writer, soldier
• Paul Berman, essayist, author
• Simon Blackburn, philosopher
• Jonathan Chait, senior editor
• Niall Ferguson, historian
• Stephen Glass, reporter fired by TNR for submitting fabricated stories, dramatized in the 2003 film Shattered Glass
• Matt Groening, illustrator and The Simpsons creator
• Johann Hari, British writer
• John Judis, essayist
• Tony Judt, historian
• Michael Oren, historian and author
• Camille Paglia, essayist
• Dale Peck, literary reviewer
• George Pelecanos, author
• Steven Pinker, cognitive linguist and Harvard professor
• Richard Posner, federal judge
• Amartya Sen, economist
• Lee Siegel, cultural critic
• Michael Walzer, philosopher, essayist, author
• Alan Wolfe, public intellectual
• Gordon S. Wood, historian
• James Wood, literary critic

References

Primary sources

• Groff Conklin, ed. Groff Conklin ( September 6, 1904, Glen Ridge New Jersey - July 19, 1968, Pawling New York) was a leading Science New Republic Anthology: 1914-1935, 1936.
• Cowley Malcom. And I Worked at the Writer's Trade 1978.
• Wickenden, Dorothy (1994). The New Republic Reader. ISBN 0-465-09822-3

Secondary sources

• Mott Frank L. A History of American Magazines. Vol. 3. Harvard University Press, 1960.
• Seideman; David. The New Republic: A Voice of Modern Liberalism 1986
• Steel Ronald. Walter Lippmann and the American Century 1980

External links

• http://www.tnr.com – The New Republic Online, offering online subscription
• The Plank