| Operas by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart |
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Die Schuldigkeit des ersten Gebotes (1767) |
The Magic Flute (German Die Zauberflöte, K. 620) is an opera in two acts composed in 1791 by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart to a libretto by Emanuel Schikaneder. Die Schuldigkeit des ersten Gebotes (The Obligation of the First and Foremost Commandment K Bastien und Bastienne (Bastien and Bastienne is a one-act Singspiel, comic Opera, with German libretto by Friedrich Wilhelm Weiskern La finta semplice ( The Pretended Simpleton) K 51 (46a is an Opera buffa in three acts for soloists and orchestra composed in 1769 Mitridate re di Ponto ( Mithridates, King of Pontus) K 87 (74a, is an early Opera seria in three acts by Wolfgang Amadeus Ascanio in Alba, K 111, is a Pastoral Opera in two parts ( Festa teatrale in due atti) by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Il sogno di Scipione, K 126, is a dramatic serenade in one act ( Azione teatrale) composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart to Lucio Silla (K135 is an Italian Opera in three acts composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. La finta giardiniera ("The Pretended Garden-Girl" K 196 is an Italian Opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Il re pastore ( The Shepherd King) is an Opera, K 208 written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart to an Italian Libretto Thamos König in Ägypten ( Thamos King of Egypt, or King Thamos, in English is a play by Tobias Philipp baron von Gebler for which between 1773 Zaide is an unfinished Opera, K 344 written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1780 Idomeneo re di Creta ossia Ilia e Idamante ( Italian: Idomeneo King of Crete or Ilia and Idamante; usually referred to simply as Idomeneo Die Entführung aus dem Serail ( K 384; The Abduction from the Seraglio; also known as Il Seraglio) is an Opera Singspiel L'oca del Cairo is an Opera buffa in three acts K 422 begun by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in July 1783 but abandoned in October Lo sposo deluso ossia La rivalità di tre donne per un solo amante ( The Deluded Bridegroom or The Rivalry of Three Women for One Lover) is a two act Opera buffa Der Schauspieldirektor ( The Impresario) K 486 is a comic Singspiel written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart to a German Le nozze di Figaro ossia la folle giornata (Trans The Marriage of Figaro or the Day of Madness) K Don Giovanni ( K527; complete title Il dissoluto punito ossia il Don Giovanni, literally "The Rake Punish'd or Don Giovanni Così fan tutte ossia La scuola degli amanti ( Thus Do They All or The School For Lovers) K La clemenza di Tito (The Clemency of Titus K 621 is an Opera seria composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, with text after Metastasio This is a complete list of the works of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, listed chronologically. Opera is an art form in which Singers and Musicians perform a Dramatic work (called an opera which combines a text (called a Libretto A libretto is the text used in an extended Musical work such as an Opera, Operetta, Masque, sacred or secular Oratorio and Emanuel Schikaneder ( Straubing, September 1, 1751 &ndash September 21, 1812, Vienna) born Johann Joseph Schikaneder The work is in the form of a Singspiel, a popular form that included both singing and spoken dialogue. For the racehorse see Singspiel (horse. Singspiel ("song-play" (plural Singspiele is a form of German-language
Contents |
Premiere and reception
The opera was premiered in Vienna on September 30, 1791, at the suburban Freihaus-Theater auf der Wieden. Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. The Theater auf der Wieden, also called the Freihaus-Theater auf der Wieden or the Wiednertheater, was a theater located in the then-suburban Wieden district [1] Mozart conducted the orchestra,[2] Schikaneder himself played Papageno, while the role of the Queen of the Night was sung by Mozart's sister-in-law Josepha Hofer. (Maria Josepha Weber (later Josepha Hofer, Josepha Mayer; 1758 &ndash December 29 1819) was a German Soprano of the
Of the reception of the opera Mozart scholar Maynard Solomon writes:
- "Although there were no reviews of the first performances, it was immediately evident that Mozart and Schikaneder had achieved a great success, the opera drawing immense crowds and reaching hundreds of performances during the 1790s. Maynard Solomon (born January 5, 1930) has carried out a multiple career he was a co-founder of Vanguard Records as well as a music producer and later "[3]
The success of The Magic Flute lifted the spirits of its composer, who had fallen ill while in Prague a few weeks before. Solomon continues:
- "Mozart's delight is reflected in his last three letters, written to Constanze, who with her sister Sophie was spending the second week of October in Baden. Constanze Mozart (born Constanze Weber) ( 5 January 1762 in Zell im Wiesental, Germany &ndash 6 March 1842 Baden is a Spa town and medieval city in Lower Austria, Austria, 26 kilometres south of Vienna, with a population of 25207 (2005 'I have this moment returned from the opera, which was as full as ever,' he wrote on 7 October, listing the numbers that had to be encored. Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) 'But what always gives me the most pleasure is the silent approval! You can see how this opera is becoming more and more esteemed. ' . . . He went to hear his opera almost every night, taking along [friends and] relatives. "[3]
The opera celebrated its 100th performance in November 1792. Mozart did not have the pleasure of witnessing this milestone, having died of his illness on December 5, 1791. Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1791 ( MDCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common
Since its premiere, The Magic Flute has always been one of the most beloved works in the operatic repertoire, and is presently the tenth most frequently performed opera in North America. [4]
Background
The opera was the culmination of a period of increasing involvement by Mozart with Schikaneder's theatrical troupe, which since 1789 had been the resident company at the Theater auf der Wieden. Mozart was a close friend of one of the singer-composers of the troupe, tenor Benedikt Schack (the first Tamino), and had contributed to the compositions of the troupe, which were often collaboratively written. Benedikt Schack was a Composer and Tenor of the Classical era, a close friend of Mozart and the first performer (1791 of the role of Tamino Mozart's participation increased with his contributions to the 1790 collaborative opera Der Stein der Weisen ("The Philosopher's Stone"), including the duet ("Nun liebes Weibchen," K. 625/592a) and perhaps other passages. Like The Magic Flute, Der Stein der Weisen was a fairy-tale opera and can be considered a kind of precursor; it employed much the same cast in similar roles. [5]
The Magic Flute is noted for its prominent Masonic elements; both Schikaneder and Mozart were Masons and lodge brothers. The opera is also influenced by Enlightenment philosophy, and can be regarded as an allegory advocating enlightened absolutism. The Age of Enlightenment or The Enlightenment is a term used to describe a phase in Western philosophy and cultural life centered upon the eighteenth century The Queen of the Night represents a dangerous form of obscurantism, whereas her antagonist Sarastro symbolises the reasonable sovereign who rules with paternalistic wisdom and enlightened insight. Obscurantism (from the Latin obscurans, "darkening" is the practice of deliberately preventing the facts or full details of something from becoming known
Mozart evidently wrote keeping in mind the skills of the singers intended for the premiere, which included both virtuosi and ordinary comic actors, asked to sing for the occasion. [6] Thus, the vocal lines for Papageno and Monostatos are often stated first in the strings so the singer can find his pitch, and are frequently doubled by instruments. In contrast, Mozart's sister-in-law Josepha Hofer, who premiered the role of the Queen of the Night, evidently needed little such help: this role is famous for its difficulty. In ensembles, Mozart skillfully combined voices of different ability levels.
A particularly demanding aria is the Queen of the Night's "Der Hölle Rache kocht in meinem Herzen" ("The vengeance of hell boils in my heart"), which reaches a high F6 (see Scientific pitch notation), rare in opera. Der Hölle Rache kocht in meinem Herzen ("Hell's vengeance boils in my heart" is the second Aria sung by the Queen of the Night in Mozart's Scientific pitch notation is one of several methods that name the Notes of the standard Western Chromatic scale by combining a letter-name accidentals At the low end, the part of Sarastro includes a conspicuous F in a few locations.
While the female roles in the opera are assigned to different voice types, the playbill for the premiere performance referred to all of the female singers as "sopranos". The casting of the roles relies on the actual pitch range of the part. [7]
Roles
| Role | Voice type | Premiere Cast, September 30, 1791 (Conductor: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart) |
|---|---|---|
| Tamino | tenor | Benedikt Schack |
| Papageno | baritone | Emanuel Schikaneder |
| Pamina | soprano | Anna Gottlieb |
| The Queen of the Night[8] | dramatic coloratura soprano | Josepha Hofer |
| Sarastro | bass | Franz Xaver Gerl |
| Three ladies | 2 sopranos and a mezzo-soprano | Mlle Klöpfer, Mlle Hofmann, Mme Elisab[e]th Schack |
| Monostatos | tenor | Johann Joseph Nouseul |
| Three Boys (or genii) | treble , alto and mezzo-soprano | Anna Schikaneder; Anselm Handelgruber; Franz Anton Maurer |
| Speaker of the temple | bass | Herr Winter |
| Two priests | tenor and bass | Johann Michael Kistler, Urban Schikaneder |
| Papagena | soprano | Barbara Gerl |
| Two armored men | tenor and bass | Johann Michael Kistler, Herr Moll |
| Priests, women, people, slaves - chorus | ||
The names of the performers at the premiere are taken from a preserved playbill for this performance (at right), which does not give full names; "Mme" = Madame, Mrs. Events 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 1744 - France and Spain defeat the The tenor is the highest male voice within the Modal register, just above the Baritone voice This article is related to a series of articles under the main article Voice type. This article is related to a series of articles under the main article Voice type. Maria Anna Josepha Francisca Gottlieb (April 29 1774 - February 4 1856 was an Austrian Soprano. This article is related to a series of articles under the main article Voice type. (Maria Josepha Weber (later Josepha Hofer, Josepha Mayer; 1758 &ndash December 29 1819) was a German Soprano of the Franz Xaver Gerl (1764-1827 was a bass singer and composer of the classical era. This article is related to a series of articles under the main article Voice type. Benedikt Schack was a Composer and Tenor of the Classical era, a close friend of Mozart and the first performer (1791 of the role of Tamino A boy soprano is a young male singer with an unchanged voice in the Soprano range Alto is a musical term derived from the Latin word altus, meaning "high" that has several possible interpretations Emanuel Schikaneder ( Straubing, September 1, 1751 &ndash September 21, 1812, Vienna) born Johann Joseph Schikaneder Emanuel Schikaneder ( Straubing, September 1, 1751 &ndash September 21, 1812, Vienna) born Johann Joseph Schikaneder Franz Xaver Gerl (1764-1827 was a bass singer and composer of the classical era. , "Mlle" = Mademoiselle, Miss, "Herr" = Mr. [9]
These singers perform with an orchestra consisting of two flutes (one doubling on piccolo), two oboes, two clarinets (originally basset horns), two bassoons, two horns, two trumpets, timpani, three trombones (alto, tenor, and bass), and strings. The flute is a Musical instrument of the Woodwind family Unlike other woodwind instruments a flute is a Reedless wind instrument that produces its The piccolo is a small Flute. Like the flute the piccolo is normally pitched in the key of C one octave above the concert flute (making it effectively a sopranino "Hautbois" redirects here for the strawberry variety see Hautbois strawberry. The clarinet is a Musical instrument in the Woodwind family The name derives from adding the suffix -et meaning little to the Italian word The basset horn or tenor clarinet (sometimes written basset-horn) is a Musical instrument, a member of the Clarinet family The bassoon is a Woodwind instrument in the Double reed family that typically plays music written in the bass and Tenor registers and occasionally Timpani (also known colloquially as kettledrums or kettle drums) are Musical instruments in the percussion family The trombone is a Musical instrument in the brass family Like all brass instruments it is a lip-reed Aerophone: sound is produced when the player’s The string section is the largest body of the standard Orchestra and consists of bowed String instruments of the Violin family. The work also requires a four-part chorus for several numbers (notably the finales of each act); and a glockenspiel to perform the music of Papageno's magic bells. For the musical composition see Chorale. A choir, chorale, or chorus is a Musical ensemble of Singers The glockenspiel ( German, "set of bells quot or "play-bells" also known as orchestra bells and in its portable
Synopsis
Overview: Sarastro, the wise priest of Isis and Osiris, has taken Pamina to the temple for the purpose of releasing her from the influence of her mother, the Queen of the Night. A priest or priestess is a person having the authority or power to administer religious rites in particular rites of sacrifice to and propitiation of a deity or deities Isis is a goddess in Ancient Egyptian religious beliefs and is celebrated in their mythology as the ideal mother and wife patron of nature and magic friend of slaves sinners Osiris ( Greek language, also Usiris; the Egyptian language name is variously transliterated Asar, Aser, Ausar, Ausir The queen induces the young Prince Tamino to go in search of her daughter and free her from the power of Sarastro; Tamino accomplishes his end, but becomes the disciple of Sarastro, whose mildness and wisdom he has learned to admire. The prince and the princess are united.
Act 1
Tamino, a handsome prince who is lost in a distant land, is pursued by a serpent. He faints from fatigue and three ladies, attendants of the queen, in black robes, appear and kill the serpent. They all fall in love with the prince and each plans to be alone with him. After arguing, they decide that it is best if they all leave together.
Tamino recovers to see before him Papageno, arrayed entirely in the plumage of birds, who sings (Aria: "Der Vogelfänger bin ich ja") of his job as a birdcatcher and the fact that he is longing for a wife. Tamino approaches Papageno and asks who he is. Papageno jokes with Tamino but says that he brings the birds that he catches to the Queen of the Night's servants, who give him food and drink in return. Tamino thinks that Papageno has saved him from the serpent and Papageno claims that he has strangled the serpent with his bare hands. At this moment, the three ladies appear and punish his lie by paying for his birds with a stone instead of food and water instead of wine, and placing a padlock over his mouth. Padlocks are portable locks used to protect against Theft, Vandalism, Sabotage, Espionage, unauthorized use and harm They tell Tamino that they were responsible for saving him. He deeply appreciates them and they show to the prince a miniature of a young maiden, Pamina, with whom he falls instantly in love. (Aria: Dies Bildnis ist bezaubernd schön)
The Queen of the Night now appears, demanding that Tamino free her daughter, the original of the picture, from the hands of Sarastro, promising that he can marry Pamina in return. Karl Friedrich Schinkel ( March 13, 1781 – October 9, 1841) was a German Architect (Recitative and aria: "O zittre nicht, mein lieber Sohn"). O zittre nicht mein lieber Sohn ("Tremble not my dear son" is the first Aria performed by the Queen of the Night character (a famous Soprano The ladies give Tamino a magic flute that can change men's hearts, remove the padlock from Papageno and present him with a chime of bells to protect him. Papageno accompanies Tamino, and they set forth, guided by three boys. They escape all danger by the use of the magic instruments. (Quintet: Hm hm hm hm)
Change of scene (this scene forms Act II when the opera is divided into three acts): A room in Sarastro's palace.
Pamina is dragged in by Sarastro's servant Monostatos, a Moor, who is persecuting her (Trio: Du feines Täubchen, nun herein!). The description Moors has referred to several historic and modern populations of Muslim (and earlier non-Muslim people of Berber and Arab descent Papageno, sent ahead by Tamino to help find Pamina, arrives. Monostatos and Papageno are each terrified by the other's strange appearance and flee the stage. But Papageno soon returns and announces to Pamina that her mother has sent Tamino to her aid. Pamina rejoices to hear that Tamino is in love with her, and then offers sympathy and hope to Papageno, who longs for a Papagena to love. Together they sing an ode to love (Duet: "Bei Männern welche Liebe fühlen"), then depart.
Change of scene: Grove and entrance to the temples.
The three boys lead in the prince. As Tamino reaches the temple, he is denied entrance at the Gates of Nature and Reason, by invisible voices singing "Go back!". But when he tries the Gate of Wisdom, a priest appears and gradually convinces him of the noble character of Sarastro. After the priest leaves him, Tamino plays his magic flute in hopes of summoning Pamina and Papageno. The tones of his magical instrument summon first a group of magically tamed beasts, then the sound of Papageno's pipes. Ecstatic at the thought of meeting Pamina, Tamino hurries off.
Papageno appears with Pamina, following the distant sound of Tamino's flute. The two are suddenly apprehended by Monostatos and his slaves. Papageno then works an enchantment on them with his magic bells, and they dance, blissfully and involuntarily, off the stage.
Papageno now hears the approach of Sarastro and his large retinue. He is frightened and asks Pamina what they should say. She replies, "The truth! The truth! Even if it were a crime," and with her words a triumphal march begins (Chorus: "Es lebe Sarastro"); Sarastro and his followers enter.
Sarastro conducts an impromptu judicial proceeding. Pamina falls at his feet and confesses that she was trying to escape because Monostatos had demanded her love. Sarastro receives her kindly and tells her that he will not force her inclinations, but cannot give her freedom.
Monostatos then enters with Tamino captive. The two lovers see one another for the first time and instantly embrace. The chorus sings "What is the meaning of this?" and they are separated. Monostatos tries to point the finger of blame at Tamino. Sarastro, however, does not believe Monostatos' dastardly trick. He punishes Monostatos for his insolence and leads Tamino and Papageno into the temple of Ordeal.
Act 2
A grove of palms.
The council of priests, headed by Sarastro, enters to the sound of a solemn march. They determine that Tamino shall possess Pamina if he succeeds in passing through the ordeal, as they do not wish to return her to her mother, who has already infected the people with superstition. Superstition ( Latin superstitio, literally "standing over" derived perhaps from standing in awe used in Latin as a unreasonable or excessive belief Sarastro, echoed by his fellow priests, then sings a prayer to the gods Isis and Osiris, asking them to protect Tamino and Pamina and to take them into their heavenly dwelling place should they meet death in the course of their trials. ("O Isis und Osiris")
Change of scene: The courtyard of the temple of Ordeal.
Tamino and Papageno are led into the temple. Tamino is cautioned that this is his last chance to turn back, but he states that he will undergo every trial to win his Pamina. Papageno is asked if he will also concede to every trial, but he says that he doesn't really want wisdom or to struggle to get it. The priest tells Papageno that Sarastro may have a woman for him if he undergoes the trials, and that she is called Papagena. Papageno says that he wouldn't mind a look at her to be sure, but the priest says that he must keep silent. Papageno finally agrees.
The first test is that Tamino and Papageno shall remain silent under the temptation of women. (Duet, Speaker and Priest) The three ladies appear, and tempt them to speak. (Quintet, Papageno, Tamino, Three Ladies) Tamino and Papageno remain firm, though Tamino must constantly tell Papageno, "Still!"
Papageno confronts one of the priests and asks why he must undergo tests if Sarastro already has a woman that wants to be his wife. The priest says that it is the only way.
Change of scene: A garden. Pamina asleep.
Monostatos approaches and gazes upon Pamina with rapture. (Aria, Monostatos: "Alles fühlt der Liebe Freuden") When the Queen of the Night appears and gives Pamina a dagger with which to kill Sarastro (Aria, Queen of the Night: "Der Hölle Rache kocht in meinem Herzen"), Monostatos retires and listens. A dagger (from Vulgar Latin: 'daca' - a Dacian Knife) is a typically double-edged blade used for Stabbing or thrusting He tries to force Pamina's love by using the secret, but is prevented by Sarastro, who allays Pamina's alarm. Love is any of a number of Emotions and experiences related to a sense of strong Affection. (Aria, Sarastro: "In diesen heil'gen Hallen")
Change of scene: A hall in the temple of Ordeal.
Tamino and Papageno must again suffer the test of silence. Papageno can no longer hold his tongue, but Tamino remains firm, even when Pamina speaks to him. Since Tamino refuses to answer, Pamina believes he loves her no longer. (Aria, Pamina: "Ach, ich fühl's, es ist verschwunden")
Change of scene (sometimes used as Act III): The pyramids.
(Chorus) Sarastro parts Pamina and Tamino. (Trio, Sarastro, Pamina, Tamino) Papageno also desires to have his little wife, and sings of this with his magic bells. (Aria, Papageno: "Ein Mädchen oder Weibchen"). At the first ordeal, an old woman had appeared to him and declared herself his bride. She now again appears and changes herself into the young and pretty Papagena. However, the priests send her away with thunder and lightning. She vanishes, frightened, and Papageno is miserable.
Change of scene: An open country.
The three boys see Pamina attempting to commit suicide because she believes Tamino to be faithless. They prevent her from doing so, and take her to see him.
Change of scene: Rocks with water and a cavern of fire.
Two men in armor lead in Tamino, and in the musical form of a Baroque chorale prelude give him advice, then reassurance that Pamina lives. Baroque music describes an era and a set of styles of European classical music which were in widespread use between approximately 1600 and 1750. In music a chorale prelude is a short liturgical composition for organ using a Chorale tune as its basis Sarastro appears and sends Pamina in. Pamina arrives and is overcome with joy to find Tamino, who is now allowed to speak to her. Both pass unscathed through the final ordeal of fire and water with the help of the magic flute, which Pamina tells him was carved by her father from an ancient oak tree. The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of about 400 species of Trees and Shrubs in the Genus Quercus (from Latin They emerge from their trials to the sound of an offstage chorus singing "Triumph!".
Papageno wishes to take his own life because he can't stop thinking about Papagena, but at the last minute the Three Boys appear and remind him that he should use his magic bells. The bells when played indeed summon Papagena, and the happy couple is united, stuttering at first ("pa . . . pa . . . pa") in astonishment. (Duet: "Papageno! Papagena!"[10])
The traitorous Monostatos appears with the Queen of the Night and her ladies to destroy the temple ("Nur stille, stille"), but they are magically cast out into eternal night.
The scene now changes to the entrance of the chief temple, where Sarastro bids the young lovers welcome and unites them. The final chorus sings the praises of Tamino and Pamina in enduring their trials and gives thanks to the gods.
Noted arias
- "O zittre nicht, mein lieber Sohn" (Oh, tremble not, my beloved son) - The Queen of the Night in Act I, Scene I
- "Der Vogelfänger bin ich ja" (The birdcatcher am I) - Papageno in Act I, Scene I
- "Dies Bildnis ist bezaubernd schön" (This image is enchantingly beautiful) - Tamino in Act I, Scene I
- "O wenn ich doch" - Tamino in Act I, Scene III
- '"Wie stark ist nicht dein Zauberton" (How strong is not thy magic tone) - Tamino in the Finale of Act I
- "O Isis und Osiris" (O Isis and Osiris) - Sarastro in Act II, Scene I
- "Alles fühlt der Liebe Freuden" (All feel the joys of love) - Monostatos in Act II, Scene III
- "Der Hölle Rache kocht in meinem Herzen" (The vengeance of Hell boils within my heart) - The Queen of the Night in Act II, Scene III
- "In diesen heil'gen Hallen" (Within these sacred halls) - Sarastro in Act II, Scene III
- "Ach, ich fühl's, es ist verschwunden" (Ah, I feel it, it is vanished) - Pamina in Act II, Scene IV
- "Ein Mädchen oder Weibchen" (A girl or a woman) - Papageno in Act II, Scene V
Works inspired by The Magic Flute
Films
- Trollflöjten, an acclaimed film version made by Ingmar Bergman in 1975
- The Smurfs and the Magic Flute, a 1983 children's movie (originally released in 1976) loosely based on "The Magic Flute"
- The Magic Flute, a 2006 film version set against a background inspired by World War I, directed by Kenneth Branagh. O zittre nicht mein lieber Sohn ("Tremble not my dear son" is the first Aria performed by the Queen of the Night character (a famous Soprano Dies Bildnis ist bezaubernd schön ("This image is enchantingly lovely" is an Aria from the 1791 opera Die Zauberflöte (The Magic Flute Der Hölle Rache kocht in meinem Herzen ("Hell's vengeance boils in my heart" is the second Aria sung by the Queen of the Night in Mozart's The Magic Flute ( Trollflöjten) is Ingmar Bergman 's 1975 highly acclaimed Film version of Mozart 's opera Die Ernst Ingmar Bergman ( pronounced) (14 July 1918 – 30 July 2007 was a nine-time Academy Award -nominated Swedish film, stage The Smurfs and the Magic Flute ( La Flûte à six schtroumpfs) is an Animated film starring The Smurfs, directed by their creator Peyo The Magic Flute is an English adaptation of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 's singspiel " Die Zauberflöte " directed by Kenneth Branagh. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Kenneth Charles Branagh (born 10 December 1960) is an Emmy Award -winning Academy Award -nominated Northern Irish Actor [11]
Books
- John Updike, A children's book based on The Magic Flute, 1962. John Hoyer Updike (born March 18 1932 in Reading, Pennsylvania) is an American Novelist, Poet, Short story
- Marion Zimmer Bradley, Night's Daughter, a novel based on The Magic Flute, 1985. Marion Eleanor Zimmer Bradley ( June 3, 1930 – September 25, 1999) was an American author of Fantasy novels such It sets the story in an Atlantis-like world with human-animal hybrid creatures. Bradley enthusiastically agrees with Bergman that Sarastro is Pamina's father.
- Barbara Trapido, Temples of Delight, 1990. Barbara Trapido, born 1941, is a British novelist. Born in Cape Town and growing up in Durban she studied at the University A novel which, though set in contemporary England, takes its structure very loosely from The Magic Flute. Characters in the novel are analogous to Pamina, Tamino, Papageno and Sarastro although the novel strays heavily from the original plot with the 'Pamina' character ultimately rejecting 'Tamino' in favour of a romantic relationship with 'Sarastro'.
- Cameron Dokey, Sunlight and Shadow, (part of the Once Upon A Time series), 2004, a retelling of The Magic Flute for teen readers; Dokey's novel also states that Sarastro is Pamina's father. Cameron Dokey (born 1956 is an American author She lives in Seattle Washington with her four cats and her husband
Adaptations
- Arctic Magic Flute is an English-language adaptation of the opera, set in rural Alaska. Arctic Magic Flute is an adaptation sung in English of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera Die Zauberflöte by Ryan Conarro, Joyce
- Pamina Devi is the Cambodian classical dance adaptation of The Magic Flute. The Kingdom of Cambodia ( formerly known as Kampuchea (, transliterated: Preăh Réachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchea) is a country in South East Khmer classical dance is a form of dance from Cambodia which shares some similarities with the classical dances of Thailand and Laos. However, it is not entirely based on the same plot and includes elements foreign to the original.
- Pioneering guitarist and composer Fernando Sor transcribed 'Six Airs from the Magic Flute, Op. Fernando Sor (baptized February 14, 1778 &ndash July 10, 1839) was a Spanish guitarist and Composer, born 19' for solo guitar around 1820-1821.
Media
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Overture to The Magic Flute Live recording March of the Priests (beginning of act two) Live recording Queen of the Night's second aria, Der Hölle Rache Live recording Papageno's aria, Ein Mädchen oder Weibchen Voice and keyboard reduction - Problems playing the files? See media help.
Notes
- ^ The Magic Flute
- ^ This is known from testimony by Ignaz von Seyfried (1776–1841), a composer who later (1798) became the musical director at the same theater. According to Seyfried's memories (which he published in the Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, vol. 12, June 5, 1840, p. 184), "[Mozart] personally directed the premiere there on 30 September 1791, at which Süßmayr, the faithful Pylades, sat to his right, diligently turning the pages of the score. Franz Xaver Süßmayr (Franz Xaver Suessmayr 1766 in Schwanenstadt – September 17 1803 in Vienna) was an Austrian Composer. In Greek mythology, Pylades (ˈpɪlədiːz Gk Πυλάδης is the son of King Strophius of Phocis and is mostly known for his strong friend- or " The description implies that Mozart was seated at a keyboard instrument, playing along with the orchestra, rather than standing on a podium with a baton; this was fairly standard practice for conductors in Mozart's time. (Source: Buch 2005)
- ^ a b Solomon (1995, 487
- ^ OPERA America's "The Top 20" list of most-performed operas
- ^ Source for this paragraph: Buch (1997)
- ^ For the case of Monostatos (Johann Joseph Nouseul) see Deutsch 1965, 408
- ^ For relevant discussion see Boldrey and Caldwell (1995).
- ^ The Queen is sometimes referred to by the name "Astrifiammante", which evidently comes from an Italian translation, such as this one, of the adjective "sternflammende" ("star-blazing") in the original libretto.
- ^ Playbill information taken from the Website http://opera.stanford.edu/Mozart/Zauberflote/synopsis.html, which cites Branscombe 1991.
- ^ For the origin of this duet, see Emanuel Schikaneder.
- ^ BBC NEWS | Entertainment | Arts | Branagh to make Mozart opera film
References
- Boldney, Richard and Robert Caldwell (1994) "Voice Categories," in Richard Boldrey, Guide to Operatic Roles & Arias. Dallas: Pst . . . Inc. , ISBN 1877761648
- Branscombe, Peter (1991) Die Zauberflöte, Cambridge Opera Handbooks series, Cambridge University Press.
- Buch, David J. (1997) "Mozart and the Theater auf der Wieden: New attributions and perspectives," Cambridge Opera Journal 9: 195-232.
- Buch, David J. (2005) "Three posthumous reports concerning Mozart in his late Viennese years," Eighteenth-Century Music 2:125–129.
- Buch, David J. :"Die Zauberflöte, Masonic Opera, and Other Fairy Tales", Acta Musicologica 76, (Kassel etc. : Bärenreiter 2004), 2:193-219, debunking most of the alleged masonic allusions.
- Chailley, Jacques (1992) The Magic Flute Unveiled: Esoteric Symbolism in Mozart's Masonic Opera, an analysis of masonic and esoteric symbolism of the opera.
- Deutsch, Otto Erich (1965) Mozart: A Documentary Biography. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
- Melitz, Leo (1921) The Opera Goer's Complete Guide, source for plot summary given here.
- Solomon, Maynard (1995) Mozart: A Life. New York: Harper Perennial
- An affordable version of the score is issued by Dover Publications (1985), which reprints an out-of-copyright version from C. Dover Publications is an American book Publisher founded in 1941 by Hayward Cirker and his wife Blanche F. Peters publishers.
External links
- Die Zauberflöte: Score and critical report (German) in the Neue Mozart-Ausgabe
- Opera Guide Synopsis - Libretto - Highlights
- Opera in a nutshell" Soundfiles (MIDI)
- Soprano Soundfiles (MP3)
- Full score of Die Zauberflöte from the Magic Flute Project
- Libretto and English translation from Aria-Database. The Neue Mozart-Ausgabe (abbreviated as "NMA" in English New Mozart Edition) is the second complete works edition of the music of Wolfgang Amadeus com
- Frontispiece of the Libretto on the Occasion of the First Performance in the Year 1791 from internetloge. org
- Interpretation of Masonic Symbolism in Die Zauberflöte from Edmond Masonic Lodge #37
- Moser performs "Der Holle Rache"
- Damrau performs "Der Holle Rache"
- brief programme notes from recent Opera Gold production, Goldsmiths, University of London
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