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This article is about the book. For other uses, see The Giver (disambiguation).
The Giver
Author Lois Lowry
Translator Blake Brown
Cover artist Cliff Nielsen
Country United States
Language English
Series The Giver trilogy
Genre(s) Soft science fiction, utopian fiction
Publisher Bantam Books
Publication date 1993
Media type Print (Hardback & Paperback)
Pages 180 p. Lois Lowry (born Lois Ann Hammersburg on March 20, 1937) is an Author of Children's literature who has been awarded the Newbery Cliff Nielsen is an illustrator who has illustrated the covers of several children's books including Heir Apparent The Shadow Children The United States of America —commonly referred to as the English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Soft science fiction, or soft SF, like its complementary opposite Hard science fiction, is a descriptive term that points to the role and nature of the The utopia and its offshoot the dystopia, are genres of literature that explore social and political structures Publishing is the process of production and dissemination of Literature or Information &ndash the activity of making information available for public view Bantam Books is a major US publishing house owned by Random House and is part of the Bantam Dell Publishing Group Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) A hardcover (or hardback or hardbound) is a Book bound with rigid protective covers (typically of cardboard covered with Cloth Paperback, softback, or softcover describe and refer to a Book by the nature of its binding. (paperback edition)
ISBN ISBN 0-553-57133-8 (paperback edition)
Followed by Gathering Blue and Messenger (novel)

The Giver is a novel written by Lois Lowry and published on April 16, 1993. Gathering Blue is a 2000 Novel by noted children's author Lois Lowry. Messenger is a 2004 Novel by Children's author Lois Lowry. It forms the third installment of the loose trilogy begun by her A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story Lois Lowry (born Lois Ann Hammersburg on March 20, 1937) is an Author of Children's literature who has been awarded the Newbery Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) It is set in a future society which is at first presented as a utopian society and gradually appears more and more dystopian; therefore, it could be considered anti-utopian. Utopia is a name for an ideal community taken from the title of a book written in 1516 by Sir Thomas More describing a fictional Island in the A dystopia (from the Greek δυσ- and τόπος alternatively cacotopia, kakotopia, cackotopia, or anti-utopia) is the vision of a society The novel follows a boy named Jonas through the twelfth year of his life. The society has eliminated pain and strife by converting to "Sameness", a plan which has also eradicated emotional depth from their lives. An emotion is a mental and physiological state associated with a wide variety of feelings thoughts and behaviours Jonas is selected to inherit the position of "Receiver of Memory," the person who stores all the memories of the time before Sameness, in case they are ever needed to aid in decisions that others lack the experience to make. As Jonas receives the memories from his predecessor—the "Giver"—he discovers how shallow his community's life has become.

Despite controversy and criticism that the book's subject material is inappropriate for young children, The Giver won the 1994 Newbery Medal and has sold more than 5. The John Newbery Medal is a literary award given by the Association for Library Service to Children of the American Library Association (ALA to the author of the 3 million copies. In the United States and Canada it is a part of many middle school reading lists, but it is also on many banned book lists. Education in the United States is provided mainly by government with control and funding coming from three levels federal, state, and local. Middle school or Junior High School serves as a "bridge" between the Elementary School and the High School The novel forms a loose trilogy with Gathering Blue (2000) and Messenger (2004), two other books set in the same future era. The Giver Trilogy is a series of books by Lois Lowry, consisting of The Giver ( 1993) Gathering Blue ( 2000) Gathering Blue is a 2000 Novel by noted children's author Lois Lowry. Messenger is a 2004 Novel by Children's author Lois Lowry. It forms the third installment of the loose trilogy begun by her

Contents

Plot summary

The novel's setting seems to be a utopia, where all possible steps are taken to eliminate pain and anguish. Utopia is a name for an ideal community taken from the title of a book written in 1516 by Sir Thomas More describing a fictional Island in the Pain, in the sense of physical pain, is a typical sensory experience that may be described as the unpleasant awareness of a noxious stimulus or bodily harm The people are almost always compliant; families share their dreams and feelings on a daily basis to diffuse emotional buildup. This society remains harmonious by matching up husbands and wives based on compatibility of personality and if there is any sign of feelings the match is denied. There is also a subtle theme of technology having only a minimal role in society; throughout the book, it is taken for granted that Jonas's community is without such technologies as television, or radio, although computers are mentioned at one point. Technology is a broad concept that deals with a Species ' usage and knowledge of Tools and Crafts and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt A society is a Population of Humans characterized by patterns of relationships between individuals that share a distinctive Culture and Institutions Television ( TV) is a widely used Telecommunication medium for sending ( Broadcasting) and receiving moving Images, either monochromatic Radio is the transmission of signals by Modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible Light. A computer is a Machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. Transportation is mostly limited to bicycles; however, cars and airplanes exist in small numbers. The bicycle, cycle, or bike is a pedal-driven, human-powered vehicle with two wheels attached to a frame, one behind Overview Fixed-wing aircraft range from small training and recreational aircraft to Wide-body aircraft and military cargo aircraft.

Lowry describes creating the pain-free world of Jonas' Community in her Newbery Award speech:

I tried to make Jonas's world seem familiar, comfortable, and safe, and I tried to seduce the reader. The Giver is a Novel written by Lois Lowry It is set in a future society which is at first presented as a Utopian society and gradually appears more The John Newbery Medal is a literary award given by the Association for Library Service to Children of the American Library Association (ALA to the author of the In Sociology, seduction (also called inveigling or wheedling) is the process of deliberately enticing a person to engage in some sort of behavior frequently I seduced myself along the way. It did feel good, that world. I got rid of all the things I fear and dislike; all the violence, poverty, prejudice and injustice, and I even threw in good manners as a way of life because I liked the idea of it. Fear is an Emotional response to Threats and Danger. It is a basic survival mechanism occurring in response to a specific Stimulus, such as Violence is the exertion of force so as to injure or abuse The word is used broadly to describe the destructive action of natural phenomena like Storms and Earthquakes Poverty (also called penury) is deprivation of common necessities that determine the quality of life including food clothing shelter and safe Drinking water, and The word prejudice refers to prejudgment making a decision before becoming aware of the relevant facts of a case or event
One child has pointed out, in a letter, that the people in Jonas's world didn't even have to do dishes.
It was very, very tempting to leave it at that. [1]

As time progresses in the novel, however, it becomes clear that the society has lost contact with the ideas of family and love, at least in the "more complete" sense at which Lowry hints. For other uses see Time (disambiguation Time is a component of a measuring system used to sequence events to compare the durations of Family denotes a group of People affiliated by consanguinity affinity or co-residence Love is any of a number of Emotions and experiences related to a sense of strong Affection. Children are born to designated "Birthmothers" and then family units can apply for children. If the family unit applies for the maximum allowed number of two, it will always be one boy and one girl. This is to keep the genders even. After family units have served the purpose of raising the children in a stable environment, they cease to exist, the parents going to a communal housing facility for childless adults, and the children becoming involved in their work and starting monogenerational families of their own, forgetting their foster parents who are growing old. The community maintains this process using pills which suppress emotions, mainly romantic love and sexuality, which they refer to as "Stirrings. An emotion is a mental and physiological state associated with a wide variety of feelings thoughts and behaviours Love is any of a number of Emotions and experiences related to a sense of strong Affection. Generally speaking human sexuality is how people experience and express themselves as sexual beings "

All the land near the Community and around the other, similar communities clustered about the nearby river has been flattened to aid agriculture and transportation. "Riverine" redirects here For the use of that term in Maritime geography, see there Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another A vaguely described system of climate control is used so that the weather remains constant. HVAC (pronounced either "H-V-A-C" or occasionally " H-vak " is an Initialism or Acronym that stands for " Heating The weather is a set of all the phenomena occurring in a given Atmosphere at a given Time. It is implied that genetic engineering has been used extensively to manipulate human beings so that they physically conform with Sameness. Genetic engineering, Recombinant DNA technology, genetic modification/manipulation (GM and gene splicing are terms that apply to the direct

The Community is run by a Council of Elders that assigns each 12-year-old the job he or she will perform for the rest of his or her life. A year (from Old English gēr) is the time between two recurrences of an event related to the Orbit of the Earth around the Sun Life is a state that distinguishes Organisms from non-living objects such as non-life and dead organisms being manifested by growth through Metabolism People are bound by an extensive set of rules touching every aspect of life, which if violated would require a simple but somewhat ceremonious apology. In some cases, violating the rules is "winked at": older siblings invariably teach their younger brothers and sisters how to ride a bicycle before the children are officially permitted to learn the skill. The bicycle, cycle, or bike is a pedal-driven, human-powered vehicle with two wheels attached to a frame, one behind If a member of the community has committed serious infractions three times before, he or she may be punished by "release". "Release" is a thing at which the characters hint throughout the book. Originally, it is thought of as a process where the "released" is sent to live outside of the community, but still in a good place. Eventually, it is revealed to be a system of euthanasia through lethal injection, employed not only as punishment, but also to ensure a monotony of means by which death occurs. Euthanasia (literally "good death" in Ancient Greek) refers to the practice of ending a life in a painless manner Death is the termination of the biological functions that define living Organisms It refers both to a specific

The book is told from a third-person limited point of view. The protagonist, Jonas, is followed as he awaits the Ceremony of Twelve. The Protagonist or main character is the central figure of a story. JOnAS is an open-source implementation of the Java EE Application server specification developed and hosted by the ObjectWeb consortium (ObjectWeb is a Jonas lives in a standard family unit with his mother (a judge) and father (a "Nurturer"). A judge, or justice, is an Official who presides over a Court of law He is selected to be "Receiver of Memory", because of his unusual "Capacity to See-Beyond", which is an ability to do something unusual, such as see color, which all the other people were genetically changed not to see, or hear music (as in the case of Jonas's mentor). In Psychology, memory is an organism's ability to store retain and subsequently retrieve information Color blindness, a Color vision deficiency is the inability to perceive differences between some of the Colors that others can distinguish Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. He trains for the position of Receiver by receiving memories from the aged incumbent, known to the community as "The Receiver", and to Jonas as "The Giver", who is burdened by the emotional weight of the memories. These memories are images from the world as it existed before the time called Sameness, "back and back and back", things that no one else in Jonas's world remembers.

Through the Giver, who becomes his teacher and surrogate grandfather, Jonas telepathically receives memories of things eliminated from his world: violence, sadness, and loss, as well as true love, beauty, joy, adventure, animals, and family. Violence is the exertion of force so as to injure or abuse The word is used broadly to describe the destructive action of natural phenomena like Storms and Earthquakes Sadness is an Emotion characterized by Feelings of disadvantage loss and helplessness Love is any of a number of Emotions and experiences related to a sense of strong Affection. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE-ROMEOS*************** An adventure is an activity that comprises Risky dangerous and uncertain experiences Family denotes a group of People affiliated by consanguinity affinity or co-residence Having knowledge of these complex and powerful concepts alienates Jonas from his friends and family, as well as making him more cynical towards his previously sheltered life, as he often discusses with the Giver. Eventually, these revelations prompt Jonas to seek to change the community and return emotion and meaning to the world. He and the Giver plan on doing this by having Jonas leave the community, which would cause all of the memories he was given to be released to the rest of the people, allowing them to feel the powerful emotions that Jonas and the Giver feel.

Meanwhile, Jonas's family temporarily houses a baby named Gabriel, because he is unable to sleep throughout the night and disturbs the other babies in the "Nurturing Center". Gabriel ( Latin: Gabrielus; Greek:, Gabriēl; Arabic: جبريل Jibrīl or جبرائيل Jonas learns that unlike the other people in his community, "Gabe" can receive memories from Jonas, which he uses to help calm the baby. Because Gabriel still cannot sleep through the night without crying after the extra year he was given to learn how to sleep soundly, he is now destined to be Released. Desperate, Jonas flees the community with Gabe. At first, the escape seems successful. Soon, however, food runs out and they grow weak. They find a snow covered hill with a sled on top, which Jonas remembers from the first memory he ever Received. He and Gabriel board the sled and go down the hill where they hear singing.

The ending is ambiguous, and Jonas's future and even survival are left unresolved. Their survival is made apparent, however, in Messenger, a sequel novel written much later. Messenger is a 2004 Novel by Children's author Lois Lowry. It forms the third installment of the loose trilogy begun by her

Main characters

Secondary characters

Major themes

Color represents diversity and a depth of feeling beyond that which the majority of society enjoys. In The Giver, however, objects do not gain color through intense emotional experiences on the part of their observers; rather, Jonas learns to see the colors which objects intrinsically possess. Apparently, the transition to Sameness involved removing color vision from the people, although the Giver implies that genetic engineers also attempted (without total success) to remove the variability in the human population; even light eyes (which may or may not indicate that the person possessing such eyes is meant to be a Receiver; Jonas appears to think such) and red hair are rarities. Color vision is the capacity of an organism or machine to distinguish objects based on the Wavelengths (or frequencies) of the Light they reflect or emit Genetic engineering, Recombinant DNA technology, genetic modification/manipulation (GM and gene splicing are terms that apply to the direct Eye color is a Polygenic trait and is determined by the amount and type of Pigments in the Eye 's iris. This article is about people with red hair also sometimes called redheads

A motif of nudity recurs in several places. Nudity is the state of wearing no Clothing. The term' "nudity" can also occasionally be used to refer to wearing significantly less clothing than expected During his volunteer hours (a time when children aged Eight to Eleven explore their Community and prepare for an eventual career), Jonas assists in the House of the Old, where the most aged members of the Community reside. Lowry describes how Jonas bathes an old woman, Larissa; he enjoys the trusting, carefree nature of the experience, which reminds him of his father caring for an infant. Jonas muses about how his Community has strict rules against nakedness in almost all circumstances. He personally finds them a nuisance, such as the admonition to keep oneself entirely covered while changing for athletic games, and does not understand why the Community would institute such precautions. Later, the tenderness of the bathing scene gains a sexual edge, when Jonas dreams about cajoling a female friend, the red-haired Fiona, to remove her clothes and climb into a tub so that he can bathe her. Jonas recounts this dream at his family's breakfast dream-telling, and his parents recognize it as an early sign of what they call the "Stirrings" which in this book is the name given to sexual feelings. Special pills that suppress one's hormones are taken to remove any such feelings, so a person is not upset with their choice of a spouse, who is chosen for them by The Elders.

Both wild and tame animals are considered non-existent until the Giver recreated them from his memory from before their disappearance. Wildlife includes all non-domesticated plants animals and other organisms This is a list of animals that have been domesticated by Humans. In Biology and Ecology, extinction is the cessation of existence of a Species or group of taxa. It appears that all the animals in the community except humans have died out due to habitat destruction, pollution, overhunting, abuse, disease, or being completive to native species. Human beings, humans or man (Origin 1590–1600 L homō man OL hemō the earthly one (see Humus Habitat destruction is the process in which natural Habitat is rendered functionally unable to support the species originally present Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment that causes instability disorder harm or discomfort to the physical systems or living organisms they are in Hunting is the practice of pursuing Animals for Food, Recreation, or Trade. Cruelty to animals refers to the infliction of unnecessary Suffering or Harm to animals A disease is an abnormal condition of an organism that impairs bodily functions and can be deadly Introduced species|Weed Invasive species is a phrase with several definitions Fish do, however, exist; one of the elevens was named "Fish Hatchery Attendant" and Asher said he was distraught watching salmon.

Music plays a role in The Giver, despite its presence being very subdued. Just as it is possible to read well into the novel without realizing that its characters do not see color except for the scientist that the giver mentions them seeing color — often until the Giver mentions to Jonas that a thing called "color" once existed — it is also easy to miss the fact that the Community has no music. Color vision is the capacity of an organism or machine to distinguish objects based on the Wavelengths (or frequencies) of the Light they reflect or emit One of the few clues is when Larissa describes a Ceremony of Release for an old man who was leaving the Community. "We chanted the anthem," she says, a phrasing which implies an absence of melody. The term anthem means either a specific form of Anglican church music (in Music theory and religious contexts or more generally a song (or composition of Later, when the Giver is instructing Jonas, he reveals that as a boy, the Giver had a faculty much like Jonas's ability to "See Beyond", called Hearing Beyond: he began to hear "something truly remarkable, which is called music". This sense is more mystical than Jonas's, in that it can be understood how objects have color which people are unable to see, but it cannot identify a natural source of music, unless the Giver discovered he could hear musical patterns in everyday sound, as Mozart reputedly did. Sound' is Vibration transmitted through a Solid, Liquid, or Gas; particularly sound means those vibrations composed of Frequencies

Two important themes in The Giver is the selection of a citizens' career based on what they are most naturally suited for. This aspect of the novel could have been inspired by the Platonic ideal espoused in The Republic. Biography Early life Birth and family Plato was born in Athens Greece The other is that without pain and anguish one cannot truly feel love and joy. Also, to live in a "perfect" world with no poverty, violence, hunger or heartbreak would be to live without love, beauty, joy or compassion.

Literary significance and criticism

The critical reception of Lowry's work has been polarized. On the one hand, one finds critics like Anita Silvey, whose 100 Best Books for Children calls The Giver one of the 1990s' greatest science fiction novels for children and young adults. This is a chronological list of editors of Horn Book Magazine. [2][3] A review in the Christian Science Monitor says, "Lowry's powerful book, simply and directly written, offers an inspiring defense of freedom. The Christian Science Monitor (CSM is an international Newspaper published daily Monday through Friday Both adventurous and skillfully plotted, this book is recommended for young readers 8 and up. "[4]

The Giver has become something of a canonical work among educators who believe that young adult audiences respond best to contemporary literature. Canonical is an Adjective derived from canon. Canon comes from the Greek word kanon, "rule" (perhaps originally from These teachers postulate that "teenagers need a separate body of literature written to speak directly to the adolescent experience [. . . ] and plots that revolve around realistic, contemporary topics". (Of course, Lowry's futuristic setting means that this particular young adult book can only address "contemporary topics" in an allegorical fashion, a point which raises questions of its own. An allegory (from αλλος allos "other" and el αγορευειν agoreuein "to speak in public" is a figurative mode of representation ) In this view, a "classics-only" curriculum can stunt a developing reader's appetite for words; there are naturally teachers who argue the opposite side of the argument, and press to keep older works on the reading lists. [5]

Lowry's most celebrated and controversial novel has also found a home in "City Reads" programs, library-sponsored reading clubs on city-wide or larger scales. Waukesha County, Wisconsin and Milwaukee County, Wisconsin chose to read The Giver, for example, as did Middletown, Connecticut; Bloomington, Illinois; Valparaiso, Indiana; Rochester, Minnesota; Central Valley, New York; Centre County, Pennsylvania; Montgomery County, Maryland and others. Waukesha County is a county in the US state of Wisconsin. As of 2000 the population was 360767 Milwaukee County is a county in the US state of Wisconsin. As of 2007 the population was 951242 Middletown is a city located in Middlesex County, Connecticut, along the Connecticut River, in the south-central part of the state 16 miles (26 km Bloomington is a city in McLean County, Illinois, United States and the County seat. Valparaiso (ˌvɑlpəˈreɪzoʊ is a city in Porter County, Indiana, U Rochester is a City in the US state of Minnesota and is the County seat of Olmsted County. Central Valley is a hamlet (and Census-designated place) in Orange County, New York, United States. Centre County is a County located in the US state of Pennsylvania. Montgomery County of the US state of Maryland is situated just north of Washington D [6][7]

Some adult reviewers writing for adults have commented that the story is not likely to stand up to the sort of probing literary criticism used in "serious" circles. For instance, 50 children are born each year by the group of "birthmothers" who each have 3 children — therefore 17 new "birthmothers" are required each year, even though this profession is looked down upon in the book. Karen Ray, writing in the New York Times, detects "occasional logical lapses", but quickly adds that the book "is sure to keep older children reading. And thinking". [8] In a similar vein, Natalie Babbitt of the Washington Post calls Lowry's work "a warning in narrative form", saying:

The story has been told before in a variety of forms—Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451 comes to mind—but not, to my knowledge, for children. Ray Douglas Bradbury (born August 22 1920 is an American mainstream, Fantasy, horror, Science fiction and mystery Fahrenheit 451 is a Dystopian Soft science fiction Novel authored by Ray Bradbury and first published in 1953 It's well worth telling, especially by a writer of Lowry's great skill. If it is exceedingly fragile—if, in other words, some situations don't survive that well-known suspension of disbelief—well, so be it. Suspension of disbelief or "willing suspension of disbelief" is an aesthetic theory intended to characterize people's relationships to art The Giver has things to say that can't be said too often, and I hope there will be many, many young people who will be willing to listen. [9]

Another recurrent theme was the very fragile balance between utopia and dystopia. At the beginning of the book Jonas has entire trust in his community. But then a change provoked by his new-come knowledge made him see how very deprived the Community and its members were of all "real" life. Throughout the book the reader is led to wondering whether an actual utopia exists.

Awards

Lois Lowry has won several awards for her work on The Giver. Most notable are the following:

Adaptations

Oregon Children's Theatre (Portland, Oregon) premiered a stage adaptation of "The Giver" by Eric Coble in March 2006 to critical acclaim. Booklist is a publication of the American Library Association that provides critical reviews of Books and audiovisual materials for all ages Eric Coble is a playwright and screenwriter He is a member of the Playwrights' Unit of the Cleveland Play House. [11] Subsequent productions of Coble's one-hour script have been presented by The Coterie Theatre (Missouri), First Stage (Wisconsin), People's Light and Theatre (Pennsylvania), Theatre of Youth (New York), and Stages Repertory (Texas), and others throughout the U. S. .

In the fall of 1994, actor Jeff Bridges and his ASIS Productions film company established an agreement with Lancit Media Productions to adapt The Giver to film. Jeffrey Leon Bridges (born December 4, 1949) is a four-time Academy Award -nominated American Actor and Musician. In the years following, members of the partnership changed and the production team grew in size, but little motion was seen toward making the film. At one point, screenwriter Ed Neumeier was signed to create the screenplay. Later, Neumeier was replaced by Todd Alcott[12] and Walden Media became the central production company. Todd Alcott (Born October 22, 1961 in Crystal Lake, Illinois) is an American screenwriter playwright actor and director Walden Media is a film production and publishing company best known as the producers of The Chronicles of Narnia film series [13][14]

An Internet Movie Database entry for The Giver appeared in late 2004, which claimed a release date in 2007. Bridges himself is, at present, the only credited cast member to be listed. The Giver is currently in pre-production and is slated for release in 2009. It is to be directed by David Yates. David Yates (born 1963 is a BAFTA and Emmy Award -winning English Film and Television director, best known for his work on the most recent Actor Ron Rifkin read the text for the audio book edition. Ron Rifkin (born October 31, 1939) is an American Actor and director who is featured in numerous Television shows

Now according to imdb. com, it has been delayed to 2011.

References

  1. ^ from Lowry's "Newbery Award" acceptance speech
  2. ^ Anita Silvey, 100 Best Books for Children, page 147 (Houghton Mifflin, 2004). ISBN 0-618-27889-3.
  3. ^ [1] Google Books view of original quote
  4. ^ "A Monitor's Guide to Children's Bestsellers", Christian Science Monitor 24 September 1998 p. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) B12.
  5. ^ Marie C. Franklin, "CHILDREN'S LITERATURE: Debate continues over merit of young-adult fare", Boston Globe 23 February 1997 p. Events 1455 - Traditional date for the publication of the Gutenberg Bible, the first Western Book printed from Movable Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar G1.
  6. ^ "'One Book' Reading Promotion Projects", form the Library of Congress's Center for the Book
  7. ^ Judith Rosen, "Many Cities, Many Picks", Publishers Weekly 10 March 2003 p. The Library of Congress is the De facto National library of the United States and the research arm of the United States Congress Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. 19.
  8. ^ Karen Ray, "Children's Books", New York Times 31 October 1993. Events 445 BC – Ezra reads the Book of the Law to the Israelites in Jerusalem (see Nehemiah 91 NLTse
  9. ^ Natalie Babbitt, "The Hidden Cost of Contentment", Washington Post 9 May 1993, p. Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of X15.
  10. ^ William Allen White awards list, courtesy Emporia State University
  11. ^ Willamette Week. Emporia State University or ESU (formerly Kansas State Teacher's College is a university in the city of Emporia in Lyon County Kansas, just east Retrieved on 2008-04-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland.
  12. ^ Article on the film adaptation
  13. ^ "Jeff Bridges and Lancit Media to co-produce No. 1 best seller 'THE GIVER' as feature film", Entertainment Editors 28 September 1994. Events 48 BC - Pompey the Great is assassinated on orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt after landing in Egypt. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar)
  14. ^ Ian Mohr, "Walden gives 'Giver' to Neumeier", Hollywood Reporter 10 July 2003. Events 48 BC - Battle of Dyrrhachium, Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia.

External links

Preceded by
Missing May		 Newbery Medal recipient
1994		 Succeeded by
Walk Two Moons
Missing May is a children's book the recipient of the 1993 Newbery Medal. The John Newbery Medal is a literary award given by the Association for Library Service to Children of the American Library Association (ALA to the author of the The year 1994 in literature involved some significant events and new books Walk Two Moons is a novel written by Sharon Creech and published in 1994 which won the 1995 Newbery Medal
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