Tetracaine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 4-(butylamino)benzoate
Identifiers
CAS number	94-24-6 136-47-0 (hydrochloride)
ATC code	C05AD02 D04AB06 N01BA03 S01HA03
PubChem	5411
Chemical data
Formula	C15H24N2O2
Mol. mass	264. IUPAC Nomenclature is a system of naming Chemical compounds and of describing the science of Chemistry in general CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for Chemical compounds Polymers biological sequences mixtures and Alloys They are also referred to In chemistry hydrochlorides are salts resulting or regarded as resulting from the reaction of Hydrochloric acid with an organic base (mostly Amines The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System is used for the classification of drugs It is controlled by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. PubChem is a Database of chemical Molecules The system is maintained by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI a component A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the Atoms that constitute a particular Chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes Carbon (kɑɹbən is a Chemical element with the symbol C and its Atomic number is 6 Hydrogen (ˈhaɪdrədʒən is the Chemical element with Atomic number 1 Nitrogen (ˈnaɪtɹəʤɪn is a Chemical element that has the symbol N and Atomic number 7 and Atomic weight 14 Oxygen (from the Greek roots ὀξύς (oxys (acid literally "sharp" from the taste of acids and -γενής (-genēs (producer literally begetteris the The molecular mass (abbreviated m of a substance, more commonly referred to as molecular weight and abbreviated as MW, is the Mass of one 363 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Protein binding	75. In Pharmacology, bioavailability is used to describe the fraction of an administered Dose of unchanged drug that reaches the Systemic circulation, one of A drug's efficiency may be affected by the degree to which it binds to the proteins within Blood plasma. 6
Metabolism	?
Half life	?
Excretion	?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status
Routes	Topical, Epidural, Spinal

Tetracaine (INN, also known as amethocaine; trade name Pontocaine) is a potent local anesthetic of the ester group. Drug metabolism is the Metabolism of drugs, their Biochemical modification or degradation usually through specialized enzymatic systems The biological half-life of a substance is the time it takes for a substance (drug radioactive nuclide or other to lose half of its pharmacologic physiologic or radiologic activity Excretion is the process of eliminating waste products of Metabolism and other non-useful materials The pregnancy category of a pharmaceutical agent is an assessment of the risk of fetal injury due to the pharmaceutical if it is used as directed by the mother during The regulation of therapeutic goods, that is drugs and therapeutic devices, varies by jurisdiction In Pharmacology and Toxicology, a route An International Nonproprietary Name ( INN; also known as rINN, for recommended International Nonproprietary Name or pINN for proposed A local anesthetic is a drug that causes reversible Local anesthesia and a loss of Nociception. Esters are a class of Chemical compounds and Functional groups Esters consist of an inorganic or organic Acid in which at least It is mainly used topically, in ophthalmology and as an antipruritic, and has been used in spinal anesthesia. A topical anesthetic is a Local anesthetic that is used to numb the surface of a body part Ophthalmology is the branch of Medicine which deals with the diseases and surgery of the visual pathways including the Eye, Brain Antipruritics, also known as anti-itch drugs, are Medications that inhibit the Itching (Latin Pruritus) that is often associated with Sunburns Spinal analgesia, (or commonly called spinal anesthesia or sub-arachnoid block (S

In biomedical research, tetracaine is used to alter the function of calcium release channels (ryanodine receptor) that control the release of calcium from intracellular stores. Biomedical research (or experimental medicine) in general simply known as medical research, is the Basic research or Applied research conducted Ryanodine receptors ( RyRs) form a class of intracellular Calcium channels in various forms of excitable animal tissue like Muscles and Neurons Tetracaine is an allosteric blocker of channel function. At low concentrations, tetracaine causes an initial inhibition of spontaneous calcium release events, while at high concentrations, tetracaine blocks release completely^[1].

References

1. Györke, S. , V. Lukyanenko, et al. Dual effects of tetracaine on spontaneous calcium release in rat ventricular myocytes. J Physiol 1997;500(Pt 2):297-309.

Faisal Al-Otaibi

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