Tell Zeitah (or Tel Zayit) is a roughly 0. 8 acre tell located in the Shephelah, or lowlands, of Israel. Tell, tel or tall (تلّ tall, and תֵּל tel) meaning "hill" or "mound" is a type of archaeological The Shephelah (הַשְּפֵלָה "lowland" also שפלת יהודה Shephelat Yehuda, "Judean lowland" is a designation usually applied to the region For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Excavations on the tell, sponsored by Pittsburgh Theological Seminary, began in 1999 and have continued for several seasons, revealing evidence of human settlement on the tell throughout the Late Bronze Age, and Iron Age I and II. Pittsburgh Theological Seminary, founded in 1794, is a graduate theological institution associated with the Presbyterian Church USA. The term Bronze Age refers to a period in human cultural development when the most advanced Metalworking (at least in systematic and widespread use included techniques for This article is about the archaeological period known as the Iron Age for the mythological Iron Age see Ages of Man. It is sometimes identified as the Biblical city of Libnah (Joshua 10; 2 Kings 19:8; et passim) or Ziklag (1 Samuel 27-30). Libnah, (לִבְנָה was a town in the Kingdom of Judah. The town of Libnah revolted during the reign of King Jehoram of Judah according to II Chronicles Ziklag is the Biblical name of a town that was located in the Negev region in the south of what was the Kingdom of Judah.
During the first two years of excavation, it was revealed that the city had been destroyed by fire as the result of a military assault on two separate occasions, the first around 1200 BC, the other during the ninth century BC. Ron E. Tappy, the excavation's project director, has suggested that the military leader who destroyed the site during the ninth century may have been, among other candidates, Hazael of Aram. Hazael ( Hebrew Hazael meaning " God has seen" was a court official and later an Aramean king who appeared in the Bible Aram is the name of a region mentioned in the Bible located in central Syria, including where the city of Aleppo (aka Halab now stands The Aramean's siege tactics are known from the Zakkur stele[1], and the Hebrew Bible records that Hazael devastated cities in the Shephelah during the ninth century, including Philistine Gath. The Stele of Zakkur (or Zakir) is a royal Stele discovered in 1903 at Tell Afis, 45km southeast of Aleppo, in the territory of the ancient kingdom The similar siege and destruction of Tell es-Safi in the ninth century, a nearby site usually identified as Gath, has been cited by archaeologists there as possible evidence of Hazael's campaign. Tell es-Safi or Tel Zafit (تل الصافي ar-Latn Tall aṣ-Ṣāfī; תל צפית he-Latn Tel Tzafit) is an ancient mound usually identified [2]
During the 2005 season, archaeologists discovered the Zayit Stone among the ruins of a fire dating to the tenth century BC. The Zayit Stone is a 38-pound limestone boulder excavated from Tel Zayit (Zeitah in southwest Israel (the Beth Guvrin Valley about 35 miles from Jerusalem The stone includes an inscription identified by some scholars as an abecedary, among the oldest ever discovered. An abecedarium (or abecedary is an Inscription consisting of the letters of the Alphabet, almost always listed in order [3]
Notes
- ^ Which records that his son, called Ben-Hadad, employed spectacular siege warfare against his enemies
- ^ Maeir, A. , and Ehrlich, C. "Excavating Philistine Gath--Have We Found Goliath's Hometown?" in Biblical Archaeology Review 27(6): 22-31. 2001; Maeir, A. 2004. The Historical Background and Dating of Amos VI 2: An Archaeological Perspective from Tell es-Safi/Gath. Vetus Testamentum 54(3):319–34.
- ^ Tappy, Ron E. , P. Kyle McCarter, Marilyn J. Lundberg, Bruce Zuckerman (2006). "An Abecedary of the Mid-Tenth Century B. C. E. from the Judaean Shephelah". BASOR 344 (November): 5–46.
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