A telephone directory (also called a telephone book and phone book) is a listing of telephone subscribers in a geographical area or subscribers to services provided by the organization that publishes the directory. The subscription business model is a Business model where a customer must pay a subscription price to have access to the product/service
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Subscriber names are generally listed in alphabetical order, together with their postal or street address and telephone number. A telephone number or phone number is a sequence of numbers used to call from one Telephone line to another in a Telephone network. Every subscriber in the geographical coverage area is usually listed, but subscribers may request the exclusion of their number from the directory, often for a fee. Their number is then said to be "unlisted" (American English), "ex-directory" (British English) or "private" (Australia and New Zealand). Phonology North American English regional phonology In many ways compared to English English, North American English is conservative in its Phonology. British English or UK English ( BrE, BE, en-GB) is the broad term used to distinguish the forms of the English language used in the For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island
In the case of unlisted numbers, practices as to Caller-ID vary by jurisdiction. For the protein involved in the synthesis of Major histocompatibility complex II see CLIP (protein. Sometimes, the Caller-ID on outbound calls is blank; in other jurisdictions, unlisted numbers still appear, unless the caller dials a blocking code; in still others, the customer may request automatic blocking from the telephone company's service representatives. For the protein involved in the synthesis of Major histocompatibility complex II see CLIP (protein.
In some countries under current rules and practices, mobile phone and Voice over IP listings are not included in telephone directories. Voice-over-Internet protocol ( VoIP, vɔɪp is a protocol optimized for the transmission of voice through the Internet Efforts to create cellular directories have met stiff opposition from several fronts, including a significant percentage of subscribers who seek to avoid telemarketers. Telemarketing is a method of Direct marketing in which a Salesperson solicits to prospective Customers to buy products or services,
In 1991, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled (in Feist v. Rural) that telephone companies do not have a copyright on telephone listings, because copyright protects creativity and not the mere labor of collecting existing information. The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. Feist Publications Inc v Rural Telephone Service Co, 499 US 340 ( 1991) commonly called just Feist v Copyright is a legal concept enacted by Governments, giving the creator of an original work of authorship Exclusive rights to control its distribution usually for Within the geographical reach of the Court, the Feist ruling has resulted in the availability of many innovative telephone directory services on CD-ROM and the World Wide Web. CD-ROM (an initialism of "Compact Disc Read-Only Memory " is a pre-pressed Compact Disc that contains data accessible to but not writable The World Wide Web (commonly shortened to the Web) is a system of interlinked Hypertext documents accessed via the Internet.
Publication
Telephone directories can be published in hard copy or in electronic form. Hard Copy is an American tabloid news television show that ran in syndication from 1989 to 1999 In the latter case, the directory can be provided as an online service through proprietary terminals or over the Internet, or on physical media such as CD-ROM.
In France, the Minitel videotex system originated as an attempt by France Télécom to rid itself of its paper publishing costs by forcing all telephone users to use Minitel terminals instead. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The Minitel is a Videotex Online service accessible through the Telephone lines and is considered one of the world's most successful pre- World Videotex (or "interactive videotex" was one of the earliest implementations of an "end-user information system" France Télécom () is the main Telecommunication company in France and one of the largest in the world
In Switzerland, a few pay phones are now accompanied with electronic telephone directory terminals instead of paper directories, and phone users are charged for each search. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation A payphone or pay phone is a public Telephone, with payment made by inserting money (usually coins or a Debit card (a special Telephone card
Types
A telephone directory may also be called a phone book or may be known by the color of the paper it is printed on.
- White pages generally indicates personal or alphabetic listings.
- Yellow pages, sometimes called the A2Z, generally indicates a business directory classified by business type or services provided, almost always with paid advertising. The term Yellow Pages refers to a Telephone directory of Businesses categorized according to the product or service provided
- Grey pages, sometimes called a "reverse telephone directory". A reverse telephone directory (also known as a greypages directory criss cross directory or reverse phone lookup) is a collection of telephone numbers and associated
- Other colors may have other meanings, depending on a country's customs. Information on government agencies is often printed on blue or green pages. A government agency is a permanent or semi-permanent organization in the Machinery of government that is responsible for the oversight and administration of specific functions
Ancillary content
A telephone directory may also provide instructions about how to use the telephone service in the local area, may give important numbers for emergency services, utilities, hospitals, doctors and organizations who can provide support in times of personal crisis. Local telephone service is the provision of Telecommunications networks and services within a limited geographic region Emergency services are organizations which ensure Public safety by addressing different emergencies A public utility (usually just utility) is an organization that maintains the Infrastructure for a public service (often also providing a service using It may also have civil defense or emergency management information. Civil defense or civil defence (see spelling differences) is an effort to prepare Civilians for Military attack Emergency management (or disaster management) is the discipline of dealing with and avoiding risks There may be transit maps, postal code guides, or stadium seating charts, as well as advertising.
History
The first telephone directory, consisting of a single page, was issued on February 21, 1878. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Year 1878 ( MDCCCLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common It covered 50 subscribers in New Haven, Connecticut. The Reuben H. Donnelly company asserts that it published the first classified directory, or yellow pages, for Chicago, Illinois, in 1886. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Year 1886 ( MDCCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The first British telephone directory was published in 1880. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year
Reverse directories
A reverse telephone directory, reverse directory, criss-cross directory or cross-reference directory, is a telephone directory in which the entries are in order by address (first by city name, then by street name, then by house number), and were used to find out the name of a subscriber with a particular address or to find the neighbors of a particular address. A reverse telephone directory (also known as a greypages directory criss cross directory or reverse phone lookup) is a collection of telephone numbers and associated They were fairly common until the 1960s, as a separately published book, or sometimes included at the back of the regular telephone directory with each section on a different color paper. The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969 Printed reverse directories have become less common with the availability of telephone databases on CD-ROM and on the Internet, which have advanced searching features. CD-ROM (an initialism of "Compact Disc Read-Only Memory " is a pre-pressed Compact Disc that contains data accessible to but not writable The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks
They are not well-known to the general public since they have generally been available on a limited basis to telephone companies or government officials, although genealogists and private investigators know which public libraries have them in their collection. Genealogy (from Greek: el γενεά el-Latn genea, "descent" and el λόγος el-Latn logos, "knowledge" is the study of A private investigator or private detective (often shortened to PI or private eye) is a person who can be hired by individuals or groups to undertake A public library (also called circulating library) is a Library which is accessible by the Public and is generally funded from public sources (such In addition, some telephone companies have made the information generally available through little known services, such as the "2080 service" in Chicago (now discontinued), where a call to the exchange and the number 2080 produced an operator who would give the name and address of any other number in that exchange. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. But such services remain online.
Instead of looking up a number, a call to directory assistance (4-1-1 in the NANP) will give the same results if a book is not available. In Telecommunications, directory assistance or directory enquiries is a phone service used to find out a specific Telephone number and / or address This article discusses the telephone directory number 411. For the year 411 see 411. However, there is usually a significant charge for this.
In the United Kingdom, Ireland and many other countries it is illegal to perform a reverse lookup from a phone number, although some companies have attempted to sell reverse directories. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world CD-ROM telephone directories supplied by telephone operators are now sold in an encrypted format that allows only lookups from a name and address.
In Jersey, the paper phone book has a form of reverse directory with the phone number and then the name and address, for example:
- 712345 – Mr A Smith, 1 Any Street, Saint Helier
- 712346 – Mrs B Johnson, 2 Any Street, Saint Helier
It exists after the regular directory in the phone book. The Bailiwick of Jersey ( Jèrriais: Jèrri) is a British Crown dependency off the coast of Normandy, France. Saint Helier ( French language: Saint-Hélier, Jèrriais: St Hélyi) is one of the twelve parishes of Jersey, the largest
See Also
External Links
- Phonebook of the World
- World Telephone Directories Listing of most of the world's online telephone directories
- Canada's Official Yellow Pages(TM), Canada's Yellow Pages(TM)
- The UK Yellow Pages, United Kingdom Yellow Pages
- The UK's local directory search engine, United Kingdom Business Directory
- Intelibell
- Online Telephone Directory for India
- Insider Pages
- The leading online phone directory
- Canada 411 Canada's official White Pages
- Order a Bell Canada phone directory
Dictionary
telephone directory
-noun
- A listing of telephone subscribers in a specific geographical area, together with their telephone numbers and, sometimes, a street address.
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