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For other places with the same name, see Tarnów (disambiguation). Tarnów may refer to the following places in Poland Tarnów, a town in Lesser Poland Voivodeship (S Poland Tarnów Lower Silesian Voivodeship
For Tarnow in Germany, see Tarnow, Germany. Tarnow is a municipality in the district of Güstrow, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.
Tarnów
Town Hall on Main Square
Town Hall on Main Square
Flag of Tarnów
Flag		 Coat of arms of Tarnów
Coat of arms
Tarnów (Poland)
Tarnów
Tarnów
Coordinates: 50°2′N 21°0′E / 50.033, 21
Country Flag of Poland Poland
Voivodeship Lesser Poland
County city county
Town rights 1330
Government
 - Mayor Ryszard Ścigała
Area
 - Total 72. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Voivodeship The voivodeship or province (województwo has been a high-level Administrative subdivision of Poland since the 14th century Lesser Poland Voivodeship (also known as Małopolska Province or by its Polish name województwo małopolskie or simply Małopolskie) is a Voivodeship A powiat (pronounced; Polish plural powiaty) is the second-level unit of Local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a County Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 4 km² (28 sq mi)
Population (2006)
 - Total 117,109
 - Density 1,617. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 5/km² (4,189. 4/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 - Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 33-100 to 33-110
Area code(s) +48 014
Car plates KT
Website: http://www.tarnow.pl

Tarnów [ˈtarnuf] (Image:Ltspkr.png listen) (German: Tarnau; Yiddish: טארנא-Turna) is a city in southeastern Poland with 118,128 inhabitants (2006). Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time Daylight saving time ( DST Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks In common with many Countries, Polish car number plates indicate the Region of Registration of the Vehicle encoded in the number plate The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Yiddish (yi [[wiktייִדיש ייִדיש]] yidish or yi [[wiktאידיש אידיש]] idish, literally "Jewish" is a nonterritorial High Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland

The city has been situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999, but from 1975 to 1998 it was the capital of the Tarnów Voivodeship. Lesser Poland Voivodeship (also known as Małopolska Province or by its Polish name województwo małopolskie or simply Małopolskie) is a Voivodeship Tarnów Voivodeship (województwo tarnowskie was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 1975&ndash1998 superseded by Lesser Poland

Contents

History

The first recorded mention of the city was in 1224. It gained city rights on March 7, 1930. German town law (Deutsches Stadtrecht or German municipal concerns ( Deutsches Städtewesen) concerns Town privileges used by many cities towns and villages Events 161 - Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius dies and is succeeded by co-Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In the 13th century, numerous German settlers immigrated from Kraków and Nowy Sącz. The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as Kraków, in English also spelled Krakow or Cracow (ˈkrækaʊ M-W: krăk'ou krāk'ō is one of the largest and oldest cities in Poland Nowy Sącz (known also by other names) is a Town in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship in southern Poland. During the 16th century Scottish immigrants began to come in large numbers (Dun, Huyson and Nikielson). The Scots people ( Scots Gaelic: Albannaich) are a Nation and an Ethnic group indigenous to Scotland. It was annexed by Habsburg Austria in 1772 during the First Partition of Poland. Habsburg Monarchy (alternatively Habsburg Empire) refers to the territories ruled by the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg, and then by the successor The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the The Diocese of Tarnów was formed in 1785. The Diocese of Tarnów is a Roman Catholic diocese in Poland.

During World War I, the city was one of the focal points of Austro-Hungarian/German Gorlice-Tarnów Offensive of 1915, a military operation that changed the situation in the Eastern Front and resulted in major retreat of opposing Russian forces. The Eastern Front was a theatre of war during World War I in Central and primarily Eastern Europe. After the war, the city became part of a reconstituted Polish state on October 30, 1918. The Second Polish Republic or interwar Poland is the Republic of Poland between World War I and World War II. Events 637 - Antioch surrenders to the Muslim forces under Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of Iron bridge. Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common

The Jews of Tarnów

Before World War II, about 25,000 Jews lived in Tarnow. Jews, whose recorded presence in the town went back to the mid-fifteenth century, comprised about half of the town's total population. A large portion of Jewish business in Tarnow was devoted to garment and hat manufacturing. The Jewish community was ideologically diverse and included both religious Hasidim and secular Zionists. History of Zionism|Timeline of Zionism|World Zionist Organization|Zionist political violence Zionism is an international political movement that originally supported the

Immediately following the German occupation of the city on September 8, 1939, the persecution of the Jews began. German units burned down most of the city's synagogues on September 9 and drafted Jews for forced-labor projects. Tarnow was incorporated into the Generalgouvernement. Many Tarnow Jews fled to the east, while a large influx of refugees from elsewhere in Poland continued to increase the town's Jewish population. In early November, the Germans ordered the establishment of a Jewish council (Judenrat) to transmit orders and regulations to the Jewish community. Judenräte (singular Judenrat; German for "Jewish council" were administrative bodies that the Germans required Jews to form in the Among the duties of the Jewish council were enforcement of special taxation on the community and providing workers for forced labor.

During 1941, life for the Jews of Tarnow became increasingly precarious. The Germans imposed a large collective fine on the community. Jews were required to hand in their valuables. Roundups for labor became more frequent and killings became more commonplace and arbitrary. Deportations from Tarnow began in June 1942, when about 13,500 Jews were sent to the Belzec extermination camp. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. During the deportation operations, German SS and police forces massacred hundreds of Jews in the streets, in the marketplace, in the Jewish cemetery, and in the woods outside the town. The ( German for "Protective Squadron" abbreviated SS - or ( Runic)- was a major Nazi organization under Adolf Hitler and the

After the June deportations, the Germans ordered the surviving Jews in Tarnow, along with thousands of Jews from neighboring towns, into a ghetto. A ghetto is described as a "portion of a city in which members of a minority group live especially because of social legal or economic pressure The ghetto was surrounded by a high wooden fence. Living conditions in the ghetto were poor, marked by severe food shortages, a lack of sanitary facilities, and a forced-labor regimen in factories and workshops producing goods for the German war industry.

In September 1942, the Germans ordered all ghetto residents to report at Targowica Square, where they were subjected to a "Selektion" (selection) in which those deemed "unessential" were selected out for deportation to Belzec. About 8,000 people were deported. Thereafter, deportations from Tarnow to extermination camps continued sporadically; the Germans deported a group of 2,500 in November 1942.

In the midst of the 1942 deportations, some Jews in Tarnow organized a Jewish resistance movement. The Jewish resistance during The Holocaust was the resistance of the Jewish people against Nazi Germany leading up to and through World Many of the resistance leaders were young Zionists involved in the Ha-Shomer Ha-Tsa'ir youth movement. Many of those who left the ghetto to join the partisans fighting in the forests later fell in battle with SS units. Other resisters sought to establish escape routes to Hungary, but with limited success.

The Germans decided to destroy the Tarnow ghetto in September 1963. The surviving 10,000 Jews were deported, 7,000 of them to Auschwitz and 3,000 to the Plaszow concentration camp in Krakow. In late 1943, Tarnow was declared "free of Jews" (Judenrein). By the end of the war, the overwhelming majority of Tarnow Jews had been murdered by the Germans. Although 700 Jews returned in 1945, some of them soon left the city.

Climate

Called 'Poland's warmest place' Tarnów has the highest annual mean temperature in the country at 8. 6°C. The average temperature in January is -19. 7°C and 29. 3°C in July. [1], It is claimed, Tarnów has the longest summer in Poland spreading from mid May to mid September and it has the shortest winter in Poland. .

Education

Sports

Religion

According to official Church statistics, Tarnow is the most religious city in Poland, with 89. 6% of the faithful of the Diocese of Tarnow attending Mass weekly [2]. Mass is a fundamental concept in Physics, roughly corresponding to the Intuitive idea of how much Matter there is in an object

Politics

Tarnów constituency

Members of Parliament (Sejm) elected from Tarnów constituency:


Notable residents

Sister cities and twin towns

See also

External links

Notes

  1. ^ TARNW, Weather History and Climate Data
  2. ^ Tygodnik Katolicki - Gość Niedzielny - Wydanie Internetowe
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