Tangier
Tangier Location in Morocco
Coordinates: 35°46′N 5°48′W / 35.767, -5.8
Country	Morocco
Region	Tangier-Tétouan
Population (2004)
- Total	669,680

Tangier or Tangiers [pronounce^[1]] (Tanja طنجة in Berber and Arabic, Tánger in Spanish, Tânger in Portuguese, and Tanger in French) is a city of northern Morocco with a population of 669,680 (2004 census). Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa Regions of Morocco As part of a 1997 decentralization/regionalization law passed by the legislature 16 new regions (provided below were created Tangier-Tétouan ( Arabic: طنجة تطوان is one of the sixteen regions of Morocco. Nomenclature The term Berber has been used in Europe since at least the 17th century and is still used today Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Portuguese ( or língua portuguesa) is a Romance language that originated in what is now Galicia (Spain and northern Portugal. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa It lies on the North African coast at the western entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar where the Mediterranean meets the Atlantic Ocean off Cape Spartel. North Africa or Northern Africa is the Northernmost Region of the African Continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan The Strait of Gibraltar ( Arabic: مضيق جبل طارق Spanish: Estrecho de Gibraltar) is the Strait that connects the Atlantic Cape Spartel (رأس سبارتيل is a promontory in Morocco about 1000 feet above sea level at the entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar, some km West It is the capital of the Tangier-Tétouan Region. Tangier-Tétouan ( Arabic: طنجة تطوان is one of the sixteen regions of Morocco.

The city is undergoing rapid development and modernization. Projects include new 5 star hotels along the bay, a modern business district called Tangier City Center, a new airport terminal, and a new soccer stadium. The Tangier City Center is a bold new project in Tangier Morocco. Tangier's economy will also benefit greatly from the new Tanger-med port. Tanger-Med is a cargo port located about 40 km from Tangier, Morocco.

Contents 1 History 1.1 Ecclesiastical history 1.2 Espionage history 2 Culture 3 Economy 4 New Developments 5 Transport 6 Education 6.1 Primary Education 6.2 International Primary Institutions 6.3 International High Schools 7 Tangier in popular culture 7.1 Literature 7.2 Magazines 7.3 Films 7.4 Music 7.5 Paintings 8 People born in Tangier 9 People who settled or sojourned in Tangier 10 People who died in Tangier 11 Trivia 12 Events 13 Landmarks 14 Town twinning 15 See also 16 Notes 17 External links

History

The modern Tanjah (Anglicised as Tangier) is an ancient Phoenician town, founded by Carthaginian colonists in the early 5th century BC. Anglicisation or anglicization (see -ise vs -ize) is a process of conversion of verbal or written elements of any other language into a more comprehensible English Phoenicia ( Phoenician: Phoenician nunsvg|12px|נ]]Phoenician nun Carthage (Καρχηδών Karkhēdōn, Carthago from the Phoenician קרת חדשת phn-Latn Qart-ḥadašt meaning new town) refers Its name is possibly derived from the Berber goddess Tinjis (or Tinga), and it remains an important city for the Berbers. The traditional Berber pantheon contains a variety of Gods Although most Berbers are now Muslim (and none profess paganism vestiges of their Tinjis (also called Tinga, and also spelled as Tingis) was in Berber and Greek Mythology the wife of Antaeus, son of Poseidon Berbers are the indigenous peoples of North Africa west of the Nile Valley. Ancient coins call it Tenga, Tinga, and Titga, Greek and Latin authors giving numerous variations of the name. According to Berber mythology, the town was built by Sufax, son of Tinjis, the wife of the Berber hero Antaios. Berber beliefs or Amazigh beliefs are the beliefs of the indigenous Berber people of North Africa (not to be confused with the Ancient Egyptians Sufax (also Sophax, Syphax or Sufaqs like in the name of the current city Sfax, Tunisia) was a hero from the Berber and http//enwikipediaorg/wiki/ImageHerkules_und_Ant%C3%A4us_(Mantegna The Greeks ascribed its foundation to the giant Antaeus, whose tomb and skeleton are pointed out in the vicinity, calling Sufax the son of Hercules by the widow of Antaeus. http//enwikipediaorg/wiki/ImageHerkules_und_Ant%C3%A4us_(Mantegna Hercules is the Roman name for the Mythical Greek hero Heracles, son of Zeus and the mortal Alcmena. The cave of Hercules, a few miles from the city, is a major tourist attraction. It is believed that Hercules slept there before attempting one of his twelve labours. The Twelve Labours of Hercules (Greek Δωδεκαθλος, dodekathlos) age a series of archaic episodes connected by a later continuous narrative concerning

The commercial town of Tingis came under Roman rule in the course of the 1st century BC, first as a free city and then, under Augustus, a colony (Colonia Julia, under Claudius), capital of Mauritania Tingitana of Hispania. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Mauretania Tingitana was a Roman province located in northwestern Africa coinciding roughly with the northern part of modern Morocco and spanish cities of Ceuta Hispania was the name given by the Romans to the whole of the Iberian Peninsula (modern Portugal, Spain, Andorra, Gibraltar It was the scene of the martyrdoms of Saint Marcellus of Tangier. Saint Marcellus of Tangier (Marcellus the Centurion (San Marcelo (d ^[2] In the 5th century AD, Vandals conquered and occupied "Tingi" and from here swept across North Africa. A century later (between 534 and 682), Tangier became part of the Byzantine empire, before coming under Arab control in 702. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding Due to its Christian past it is still a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church. A titular see in the Roman Catholic Church is a Diocese or Archdiocese that now exists in title only ^[3]

The city was held by the Portuguese from 1471-1661. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. In 1661 it was given to Charles II of England as part of the dowry from the Portuguese Infanta Catherine of Braganza. Charles II (Charles Stuart 29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685 was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Catherine Henrietta of Braganza (25 November 1638 &ndash 31 December 1705 was a Portuguese Infanta and the Queen consort of Charles II of The English gave the city a garrison and a charter which made it equal to English towns. Tangier Garrison was a military installation in Tangier held by the English from 1661 to 6 February 1684 when it returned to being part of The English planned to improve the harbour by building a mole. With an improved harbour the town would have played the same role that Gibraltar later played in British naval strategy. Gibraltar (dʒɨˈbrɒltər is a British overseas territory located near the southernmost tip of the Iberian Peninsula overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar The mole cost £340,000 and reached 1436 feet long, before being blown up during the evacuation^[4].

In 1679, Sultan Moulay Ismail of Morocco made an unsuccessful attempt to seize the town but imposed a crippling blockade which ultimately forced the English to withdraw. Moulay Ismail Ibn Sharif ( 1634? or 1645?-1727 reigned 1672-1727 (مولاي إسماعيل بن الشريف ابن النصر was the second ruler of the Moroccan The English destroyed the town and its port facilities prior to their departure in 1684. Under Moulay Ismail the city was reconstructed to some extent, but it gradually declined until, by 1810, the population was no more than 5,000. Moulay Ismail Ibn Sharif ( 1634? or 1645?-1727 reigned 1672-1727 (مولاي إسماعيل بن الشريف ابن النصر was the second ruler of the Moroccan

The United States dedicated its first consulate in Tangier during the Washington administration. The American Legation, located at 8 Zankat America (Rue d'Amerique in the old city of Tangier, Kingdom of Morocco, commemorates the historic cultural and diplomatic ^[5] In 1821, the Legation Building in Tangier became the first piece of property acquired abroad by the U.S. government--a gift to the U. The American Legation, located at 8 Zankat America (Rue d'Amerique in the old city of Tangier, Kingdom of Morocco, commemorates the historic cultural and diplomatic The federal government of the United States is the central United States Governmental body established by the United States Constitution. S. from Sultan Moulay Suliman. It was bombarded by the French Prince de Joinville in 1844. François-Ferdinand-Philippe-Louis-Marie d'Orléans prince de Joinville ( 14 August 1818 - 16 June 1900) was the third son of Louis Philippe

Tangier's geographic location made it a centre for European diplomatic and commercial rivalry in Morocco in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. By the opening of the 20th century it had a population of about 40,000, including 20,000 Muslims (with Berbers predominating over Arabs), 10,000 Jews, and 9,000 Europeans (of whom 7,500 were Spanish). The city was increasingly coming under French influence, and it was here in 1905 that Kaiser Wilhelm II triggered an international crisis that almost led to war between his country and France by pronouncing himself in favour of Morocco's continued independence. The First Moroccan Crisis (also known as the Tangier Crisis) was the International crisis over the colonial status of Morocco between March 1905 and May

In 1912, Morocco was effectively partitioned between France and Spain, the latter occupying the country's far north (called Spanish Morocco) and a part of Moroccan territory in the south, while France declared a protectorate over the remainder. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Spanish protectorate of Morocco (حماية إسبانيا في المغرب (Protectorado español de Marruecos was the area of Morocco under colonial rule by the Río de Oro ( Spanish for " Gold River" Arabic: وادي الذهب wādī-að-ðahab, often transliterated as Oued Edhahab is with The last Sultan of independent Morocco, Moulay Hafid, was exiled to the Sultanate Palace in the Tangier Kasbah after his forced abdication in favour of his brother Moulay Yusef. Abdelhafid of Morocco (or Mulai Abd al-Hafiz) (1873 - 1937 (عبد الحفيظ served as the Sultan of Morocco from 1908 to 1912 as a member of the Alaouite The Dar-el-Makhzen (or Sultanate Palace in Tangier, Morocco was the seat of residence for the Sultans of Morocco when staying in Tangier Sultan Yusef ben Hassan (1882&ndash November 17, 1927) (السلطان يوسف بن الحسن ruled the French Protectorate of Morocco Tangier was made an international zone in 1923 under the joint administration of France, Spain, and Britain, joined by Italy in 1928. A city-state is a Region controlled exclusively by a City, usually having Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest

After a period of effective Spanish control from 1940 to 1945 during World War II, Tangier was reunited with the rest of Morocco following the restoration of full sovereignty in 1956. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa

Ecclesiastical history

Tangier was a Roman Catholic titular see of former Mauretania Tingitana. A titular see in the Roman Catholic Church is a Diocese or Archdiocese that now exists in title only Mauretania Tingitana was a Roman province located in northwestern Africa coinciding roughly with the northern part of modern Morocco and spanish cities of Ceuta Originally the city was part of the larger province of Mauretania Caesarea, which included much of Northern Africa. Later the area was subdivided, with the eastern part keeping the former name and the newer part receiving the name of Mauretania Tingitana. (Thus one official list of the Roman Curia places it in Mauretania Caesarea).

Towards the end of the third century, Tangier was the scene of the martyrdom of St. Marcellus, mentioned in the Roman Martyrology on 30 October, and of St. Events 637 - Antioch surrenders to the Muslim forces under Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of Iron bridge. Cassian, mentioned on 3 December. Events 1800 - War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden, French It is not known whether it was a diocese in ancient times.

Under the Portuguese domination, it was a suffragan of Lisbon and, in 1570, was united to the diocese of Ceuta. A suffragan bishop is a Bishop subordinate to a Metropolitan bishop or Diocesan bishop. Six of its bishops are known, the first, who did not reside in his see, in 1468. In the protectorate era of Morocco Tangier was the residence of the prefect Apostolic of Morocco, which mission was in charge of the Friars Minor. The term Franciscan is commonly used to refer to members of Catholic It had a Catholic church, several chapels, schools, and a hospital.

Tangier is a host of the Anglican church of Saint Andrew. Church of Saint Andrew, (Rue d'Angleterre 50 Socco Tangier, Morocco) is an Anglican church consecrated in 1905

Espionage history

Tangier has been reputed as a safe house for international spying activities. In law enforcement and intelligence jargon of Intelligence agencies and Police forces a secured location suitable for hiding witnesses agents or other persons Its position during the Cold War and other spying periods of the 19th and 20th century is legendary. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the Tangier acquired the reputation of a spying and smuggling centre and attracted foreign capital due to political neutrality and commercial liberty at that time.

More recently, Tangier has been affiliated with an International Investigations firm, Tangiers International, who claim to be the largest Investigations firm in the world.

The city has also been a subject for many spy fiction books and films. The Genre of spy fiction —sometimes called political thriller or spy thriller or sometimes shortened simply to Spy-fi —arose before (See Tangier in popular culture below). Tangier or Tangiers ]] ( Tanja طنجة in Berber and Arabic, Tánger in Spanish

Culture

The multicultural placement of Muslim, Christian, and Jewish communities and the foreign immigrants attracted writers like Paul Bowles, William S. Burroughs, Jack Kerouac, Tennessee Williams, Brion Gysin and the music group the Rolling Stones, who all lived in or visited Tangier. A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Paul Frederic Bowles ( December 30, 1910 – November 18, 1999) was an American Expatriate Composer, Author, William Seward Burroughs II ( – ˈbʌroʊz was an American Novelist, Essayist, Social critic, painter and Spoken word Jack Kerouac ( March 12 1922 &ndash October 21 1969) was an American Novelist, Writer, Poet, and Thomas Lanier Williams III (March 26 1911 &ndash February 25 1983 better known as Tennessee Williams, was a major American playwright who received many of the top theatrical Brion Gysin ( January 19, 1916 - July 13, 1986) was a painter, Writer, Sound poet, and Performance

It was after Delacroix that Tangier became an obligatory stop for artists seeking to experience the colors and light he spoke of for themselves - with varying results. Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix (26 April 1798 &ndash 13 August 1863 was a French Romantic artist regarded from the outset of his career as the leader of Matisse made several sojourns in Tangier, always staying at the Hotel Villa de France. Henri Matisse (31 December 1869 – 3 November 1954 was a French Artist, known for his use of Colour and his fluid brilliant and original draughtsmanship "I have found landscapes in Morocco," he claimed, "exactly as they are described in Delacroix's paintings. " The Californian artist Richard Diebenkorn was directly influenced by the haunting colors and rhythmic patterns of Matisse’s Morocco paintings. Richard Clifford Diebenkorn Jr ( April 22 1922 – March 30, 1993) was a well-known 20th century American painter.

In the 1940s and until 1956 when the city was an International Zone, the city served as a playground for eccentric millionaires, a meeting place for secret agents and all kinds of crooks, and a mecca for speculators and gamblers, an Eldorado for the fun-loving "Haute Volée". Iraq Green Zone Iraq has its international zone around the Republican Palace in central Baghdad in a crook of the Tigris river

Around the same time, a circle of writers emerged which was to have a profound and lasting literary influence. This included Paul Bowles, Tennessee Williams and Jean Genet as well as Mohamed Choukri (one of North Africa's most controversial and widely read authors), Abdeslam Boulaich, Larbi Layachi, Mohammed Mrabet and Ahmed Yacoubi. Paul Frederic Bowles ( December 30, 1910 – November 18, 1999) was an American Expatriate Composer, Author, Thomas Lanier Williams III (March 26 1911 &ndash February 25 1983 better known as Tennessee Williams, was a major American playwright who received many of the top theatrical Jean Genet (ʒɑ̃ ʒəˈnɛ in French ( –) was a prominent controversial French writer and later political activist. Mohamed Choukri ( Arabic: محمد شكري; July 15, 1935 — November 15, 2003) was a Moroccan Author who is North Africa or Northern Africa is the Northernmost Region of the African Continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan Abdeslam Boulaich (عبد السلام بوليش is a Moroccan Story-teller, some of whose stories have been translated by Paul Bowles from Moroccan Larbi Layachi is a Moroccan Story-teller, some of his stories have been translated by Paul Bowles from Moroccan Arabic to English. Mohammed Mrabet (real name Mohammed ben Chaib el Hajjem (8th March 1936 -) Moroccan Author Artist and Storyteller of Berber Ahmed Yacoubi (1931 - 1985 was a Moroccan painter and story-teller Among the best known works from this period is Choukri's For Bread Alone. Originally written in Classical Arabic, the English edition was the result of close collaboration with Bowles (who worked with Choukri to provide the translation and supplied the introduction). Tennessee Williams described it as 'a true document of human desperation, shattering in its impact. Thomas Lanier Williams III (March 26 1911 &ndash February 25 1983 better known as Tennessee Williams, was a major American playwright who received many of the top theatrical ' Independently, William S. Burroughs' Naked Lunch was written in Tangier and the book's locale of Interzone is an allusion to the city. William Seward Burroughs II ( – ˈbʌroʊz was an American Novelist, Essayist, Social critic, painter and Spoken word Naked Lunch (sometimes referred to as The Naked Lunch) is a novel by William S Interzone is a collection of short stories and other early works by William S

As a great collector of lead soldiers, the American billionaire and publisher of Forbes magazine Malcolm Forbes brought together a total of 115,000 models in what was the Forbes Museum of Tangier. Forbes is an American Publishing and media company Its flagship publication Forbes magazine is published bi-weekly Malcolm Stevenson Forbes ( August 19, 1919 – February 24, 1990) was Publisher of Forbes magazine, founded by Forbes Museum of Tangier was a museum founded by the American billionaire and publisher of Forbes magazine, Malcolm Forbes, in Tangier These figures re-enacted the major battles of history; from Waterloo to Dien Bien Phû, realistically recreated with lighting and sound effects. In the Battle of Waterloo (Sunday 18 June 1815 near Waterloo Belgium The Battle of Dien Bien Phu (Bataille de Diên Biên Phu Chiến dịch Điện Biên Phủ was the climactic battle of the First Indochina War between French Union For the album by The Jam see Sound Affects. Sound effects or audio effects are artificially created or enhanced Sounds Entire armies stand on guard in the showcases, while in the garden, 600 statuettes bear silent homage to the Battle of Three Kings. The Battle of Alcácer Quibir (variant spellings are legion Alcácer-Quivir Al Quasr al-kibr Alcazarquivir Alcassar and so on meaning grand palace in Arabic The museum was closed after the death of Malcolm Forbes and is now used by the Moroccan government as a private residence for visiting dignitaries.

Economy

Tangier is Morocco's second most important industrial center after Casablanca. Casablanca (in Standard Arabic: الدار البيضاء ad-Dār al-Bayḍāʼ; Moroccan Arabic: dar beïda الدار البيضا The industrial sectors are diversified: textile, chemical, mechanical, metallurgical and naval. A textile is a flexible material comprised of a network of natural or artificial Fibres often referred to as thread or Yarn. A chemical substance is a Material with a definite chemical composition. Metallurgy is a domain of Materials science that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their intermetallic compounds, and their Currently, the city has four industrial parks of which two have the status of free economic zone (see Tangier Free Zone). An industrial estate is an area of land set aside for industrial development. Many countries have or have had at some time designated areas where companies are taxed very lightly or not at all to encourage development or for some other reason Tangier Exportation Free Zone is a free economic zone located south of Tangier, Morocco.

Tangier's economy relies heavily on tourism. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel Seaside resorts have been increasing with projects funded by foreign investments. A seaside resort is a Resort located on the Coast. Where a Beach is the primary focus for Tourists it may be called a beach resort Foreign direct investment ( FDI) in its classic definition is defined as a company from one country making a physical investment into building a factory in another country Real estate and construction companies have been investing heavily in tourist infrastructures. Real estate is a legal term (in some jurisdictions notably in the USA, United Kingdom In the fields of Architecture and Civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the Building or assembling of Infrastructure A bay delimiting the city center extends for more than seven kilometers. The years 2007 and 2008 will be particularly important for the city because of the completion of large construction projects currently being built. These include the Tangier-Mediterranean port ("Tanger-med") and its industrial parks, a 45,000-seat sports stadium, an expanded business district, and a renovated tourist infrastructure. Tanger-Med is a cargo port located about 40 km from Tangier, Morocco.

Agriculture in the area of Tangier is tertiary and mainly cereal. Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture

The infrastructure of this city of the strait of Gibraltar consists of a port that manages flows of goods and travellers (more than one million travelers per annum) and integrates a marina with a fishing port. The Strait of Gibraltar ( Arabic: مضيق جبل طارق Spanish: Estrecho de Gibraltar) is the Strait that connects the Atlantic ||-||-|-||-||-||-||-||-||-|} A port is a facility for receiving Ships and transferring cargo For other uses of this word see Marina (disambiguation. A marina is a sheltered Harbor where Boats and Yachts For the computer security term see Phishing. Fishing is the activity of catching Fish.

Artisanal trade in the old medina (old city) specializes mainly in leather working, handicrafts made from wood and silver, traditional clothing, and shoes of Moroccan origin. An artisan, also called a Craftsman, is a skilled manual worker who crafts items that may be functional or strictly decorative including furniture clothing Medina mɛˈdiːnə (المدينة المنورة ælmæˈdiːnæl muˈnɑwːɑrɑ or المدينة ælmæˈdiːnæ also transliterated into English as Leather is a material created through the Tanning of hides and Skins of Animals primarily Cattlehide The Tanning process

The city has seen a fast pace of rural exodus from other small cities and villages. Rural exodus (or rural flight) is a term used to describe the migratory patterns that normally occur in a region following the mechanisation of Agriculture. The population has quadrupled during the last 25 years (1 million inhabitants in 2007 vs. 250,000 in 1982). This phenomenon has resulted in the appearance of peripheral suburban districts, mainly inhabited by poor people, that often lack sufficient infrastructure.

The city's postcode is 90 000. A postal code (known in various countries as a post code, postcode, or ZIP code) is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a

New Developments

New developments include a new terminal at the airport, a soccer stadium seating 45,000 spectators, a high-speed train, and a business district called Tangier City Center. The Tangier City Center is a bold new project in Tangier Morocco.

Transport

A railroad line connects the city with Rabat, Casablanca and Marrakech in the south and Fès and Oujda in the east. Rabat ( Arabic الرباط, transliterated ar-Rabāṭ or ar-Ribāṭ) population 2 million ( 2007 estimate) is the Casablanca (in Standard Arabic: الدار البيضاء ad-Dār al-Bayḍāʼ; Moroccan Arabic: dar beïda الدار البيضا Marrakesh or Marrakech ( Amazigh: Murakush, Arabic مراكش Murrakush) known as the "Red City" Fes or Fez ( Arabic: فاس, French Fès is the fourth largest City in Morocco, after Casablanca, Rabat Oujda (وجدة is a city in eastern Morocco with an estimated population of half a million inhabitants The service is operated by ONCF. ONCF or ONCFM (in French - O ffice N ational des C hemins de F er du M aroc National Office for Railways of The Rabat-Tanger expressway connects Tangier to Fès via Rabat (250 km) and Settat via Casablanca (330 km). The Rabat-Tangier expressway is an Expressway in Morocco. It begins in Morocco's capital of Rabat, and connects to the northern port city of Tanger Settat (سطات is a town in Morocco about 57 kilometres from Casablanca, population 116570 ( 2004 census Another expressway will connect the city with Tanger-med. Tanger-Med is a cargo port located about 40 km from Tangier, Morocco. The Ibn Batouta International Airport (also known as Tangier-Boukhalef) is located 15 km south-west of the city center.

The new Tanger-med port is managed by the Danish firm A. P. Moller Maersk Group and will free up the old port for tourist and recreational development.

Tangier's Ibn Batouta International Airport and the rail tunnel will serve as the gateway to the "Moroccan Riviera" the coast between Tangier and Oujda. Traditionally the north coast was an impoverished and underdeveloped region of Morocco but it has some of the best beaches on the Mediterranean and is about to see rapid development.

The airport is being expanded and will become larger with more flights. Easyjet flies to Tangier from Madrid, and will soon fly via London. In addition, a TGV high-speed train system is being built. It will take a few years to complete, but will become the fastest train system in North Africa.

Education

Tangier offers five different types of educational systems: Arabic, American, French, Spanish and English. Each of these systems offer classes starting from Pre-Kindergarten up to the 12th grade, Baccalaureat, or High school diploma. The baccalauréat (bakaloʁeˈa often known in France colloquially as le bac or le bachôt, is an academic qualification which A high school diploma is a Diploma awarded for the completion of High school.

Primary Education

There are more than a hundred Moroccan primary schools, each dispersed randomly in the city. See also Primary education A primary school (from French école primaire) is an institution where children receive the first stage of Compulsory

International Primary Institutions

• The American School of Tangier

• Ecole Adrien Berchet

• Colegio Ramon y Cajal (Spanish primary school)

• English College of Tangier

• Tangier Anglo Moroccan School

International High Schools

• The American School of Tangier

• Lycée Regnault (French High School)

• Instituto Severo Ochoa (Spanish High School)

• English College of Tangier

• Mohammed Fatih Turkish School of Tangier

• Tangier Anglo Moroccan School

Many universities are located both inside and outside the city. Introduction The American School of Tangier (founded in 1950 is an independent private school located at 149 Rue Christophe Colomb Tangier, Morocco Construction of The Tangier Anglo-Moroccan School in Tangier Morocco was completed in August 2008 Introduction The American School of Tangier (founded in 1950 is an independent private school located at 149 Rue Christophe Colomb Tangier, Morocco Construction of The Tangier Anglo-Moroccan School in Tangier Morocco was completed in August 2008 Universities like the "Institut Superieur Internationale de Tourisme" (ISIT), which is a school that offers diplomas in various departments, offer courses ranging from business administration to hotel management. In Business, administration consists of the performance or management of business operations and thus the making or implementing of major decisions A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging usually on a short-term basis Management (covering theory practice and scope of management and Manager' (covering the people who manage might help clarify and systematise The institute is among one of the most prestigious tourism schools in the country. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel Other colleges such as the "Ecole Nationale de Commerce et de Gestion" (ENCG-T) is among the biggest business schools in the country as well as "Ecole Nationale des Sciences appliquées" (ENSA-T), a rising engineering school for applied sciences. A business school is a university-level institution that confers degrees in Business Administration

Tangier in popular culture

Tangier was the subject of many artistic works, including novels, films and music.

Literature

• Silent Day in Tangiers by Tahar Ben Jelloun. Tahar Ben Jelloun ( Arabic: طاهر بنجلون (born in Fes Morocco, December 1, 1944) is a Moroccan Poet and
• Naked Lunch by William S. Burroughs - relates some of the author's experiences in Tangier. Naked Lunch (sometimes referred to as The Naked Lunch) is a novel by William S William Seward Burroughs II ( – ˈbʌroʊz was an American Novelist, Essayist, Social critic, painter and Spoken word (See also Naked Lunch (film))
• America by Allen Ginsberg
• Desolation Angels by Jack Kerouac relates him living with William Burroughs and other Beat writers in Tangier. Naked Lunch ( 1991) is a Film adaptation of the novel of the same name by William S Irwin Allen Ginsberg (ˈgɪnzbɝg (June 3 1926 &ndash April 5 1997 was an American Poet. Desolation Angels, published in 1965 yet written years earlier around the time On the Road was in the process of publication is a semi- autobiographical Jack Kerouac ( March 12 1922 &ndash October 21 1969) was an American Novelist, Writer, Poet, and
• Interzone by Burroughs - It talks about a fictionalized version of Tangier called Interzone. Interzone is a collection of short stories and other early works by William S
• Let It Come Down is Paul Bowles's second novel, first published in 1952
• The Loom of Youth by Alec Waugh - a controversial semi-autobiographical novel relating homosexual experiences of the author in the city of Tangier. Let It Come Down is Paul Bowles 's second novel first published in 1952 Alexander Raban Waugh ( Alec Waugh) ( 8 July 1898 – 3 September 1981) was a British Novelist, the elder brother of the An autobiography, from the Greek αὐτός autos "self" βίος bios "life" and γράφειν graphein "to write"
• Two Tickets to Tangier by Francis Van Wyck Mason, an American novelist and historian
• Modesty Blaise; a fictional character in a comic strip of the same name and a series of books created by Peter O'Donnell - In 1945 a nameless girl escaped from a displaced person (DP) camp in Karylos, Greece. Francis Van Wyck Mason ( November 11, 1901 &ndash August 28, 1978, Bermuda) was an American historian and novelist Modesty Blaise is a Comic strip featuring a Fictional character of the same name created by Peter O'Donnell (writer and Jim Holdaway A comic strip is a sequence of drawings that tells a story Currently in the Western world, most comic strips are written and drawn by a Comics artist Peter O'Donnell (born April 11, 1920 in Lewisham, London) is a British writer of mysteries and of Comic strips Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία She took control of a criminal gang in Tangier and expanded it to international status as "The Network". After dissolving The Network and moving to England she maintained a house on a hillside above Tangier and many scenes in the books and comic strips are located here.
• Carpenter's World Travels: From Tangier to Tripoli - a Frank G. Carpenter travel guide (1927)
• The Thief's Journal by Jean Genet - Includes the protagonist's experiments in negative morality in Tangier (1949)
• The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho
• The Crossroads of the Medterranean by Henrik de Leeuw- chronicles the author's journey through Morocco and Tunisia in the early 1950s and includes many pages describing Tangier, notably the Petit Socco as a food market with mountain dwellers (the jebli) selling their produce and 'the street of male harlots', where they ply 'their shameful trade'. Frank G Carpenter (1855-1924 was an Author, Photographer, Lecturer, collector of Photographs. The Thief's Journal ( Journal du voleur) is perhaps Jean Genet 's most famous work Jean Genet (ʒɑ̃ ʒəˈnɛ in French ( –) was a prominent controversial French writer and later political activist. The Alchemist (O Alquimista is a Bestseller novel that is the most famous work of author Paulo Coelho. Paulo Coelho (ˈpau̯lu ˈko̯eʎu (born August 24, 1947) is a Brazilian Lyricist and Novelist.
• The Gold Bug Variations by Richard Powers
• The Innocents Abroad by Mark Twain includes a mixed bag of comments on his visit to Tangier, ending with: "I would seriously recommend to the Government of the United States that when a man commits a crime so heinous that the law provides no adequate punishment for it, they make him Consul-General to Tangier. The Gold Bug Variations is a novel by American writer Richard Powers, first released in 1991 Richard Powers (born June 18, 1957) is an American Novelist whose works explore the effects of modern science and technology The Innocents Abroad or The New Pilgrims' Progress was published by American author Mark Twain in 1869. Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30 1835 – April 21 1910 better known by the Pen name Mark Twain, was an American Humorist, satirist "

Magazines

• Antaeus (magazine) was first published in Tangier by Daniel Halpern and Paul Bowles before being shifted to New York
• Tangier Gazette was founded by William Augustus Bird (aka Bill Bird) in Tangier

Films

• The Living Daylights - a James Bond movie where he hunts Brad Whitaker down at his Tangier headquarters
• From Russia with Love - the fictional character in "James Bond", Red Grant was recruited by "SPECTRE" in Tangier in 1962, whilst on the run from the law
• Tangier Incident - an American agent posing as a black market operator, is in Tangier on a mission to stop the plans of three atomic scientists who are there to pool their secrets and sell them in a package to the Communists. Antaeus was a literary quarterly founded by Daniel Halpern and Paul Bowles and edited by Daniel Halpern New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous William Augustus Bird (1888 - 1963 was an American journalist now remembered for his hobby the Three Mountains Press, a Small press he ran while in The Living Daylights, released in 1987 is the fifteenth Spy film of the James Bond series, and the first to star Timothy Dalton James Bond 007 is a Fictional character created in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming, who featured him in twelve Novels and two Short story Brad Whitaker is a Fictional character and a main antagonist in the James Bond film The Living Daylights. From Russia with Love, released in 1963 is the second Film in the James Bond series, and the second to star Sean Connery as This is list of henchmen from the novel film and video game From Russia with Love from the List of James Bond henchmen.
• Man from Tangier (a. k. a. Thunder Over Tangier) - 1957
• Tangiers, 1908 was one of the unaired Young Indiana Jones Chronicles episodes
• Flight to Tangier (Charles Marquis Warren) - 1953
• Tangier an episode of the television series Passport to Danger starring Cesar Romero - 1955
• The Nautch of Tangier (aka The Witchmaker) - 1969
• Tangier featuring María Montez, Robert Paige, and Sabu Dastagir - 1946
• Espionage in Tangiers. The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, also known as The Adventures of Young Indiana Jones, is an Emmy Award -winning American Cesar Julio Romero Jr ( February 15, 1907 &ndash January 1, 1994) was a Cuban American Film and Television María Montez ( June 6, 1912 - September 7, 1951) was a Dominican -born Motion picture actress who gained fame and popularity Robert Paige (born John Arthur Page December 2, 1911 in Indianapolis Indiana, died 1987 was a TV star and Universal Pictures Leading Sabu Dastagir ( January 27, 1924 &ndash December 2, 1963) was a Film Actor of Indian South Asian origin—although A thriller of a secret agent out to snag a dangerous molecular ray-gun - 1966
• That Man from Tangier (in Spanish Aquel Hombre de Tanger) featuring Sara Montiel
• The Bourne Ultimatum, an espionage movie featuring Matt Damon - Jason Bourne tracks an individual to the city and subsequently chases him through a residential district to protect his partner. The thriller is a broad Genre of Literature, Film, Gaming and Television. Sara Montiel (also Sarita Montiel or Saritísima) (born March 10, 1928) is a Spanish Singer, and actress The Bourne Ultimatum is a 2007 Spy film directed by Paul Greengrass and loosely based on the Robert Ludlum novel of the same name. Matthew Paige Damon (born October 8 1970 is an American Actor and Philanthropist. - 2007
• The Wind and the Lion - Based on the Perdicaris incident of 1904, this film, starring Sean Connery, Candice Bergen, and Brian Keith, takes place largely in Tangier. The Wind and the Lion is a 1975 Adventure film. It was directed by John Milius and starred Sean Connery, Candice Bergen, Ion Perdicaris (1840 &ndash 1925 was a Greek-American playboy who was the centre of the infamous Kidnapping known as the Perdicaris incident which aroused international Sir Thomas Sean Connery (born August 25 1930) is an Academy Award - Golden Globe - and BAFTA Award -winning Scottish Candice Patricia Bergen (born May 9, 1946) is an Academy Award -nominated and Golden Globe - and Emmy Award -winning American Brian Keith (November 14 1921 – June 24 1997 was an American stage film and television actor The film's Tangier, however, was actually created in the Spanish cities of Seville and Almeria. Seville ( Spanish: Sevilla, see also different names) is the artistic cultural and financial capital of southern Spain.
• Prick up your ears Joe Orton (Gary Oldman) and Kenneth Halliwell (Alfred Molina) Visit Tangier, the scene represents the 88 day holliday that Joe Orton took after the failure of his play 'loot'.

Music

• Tangiers (band) - a Canadian Rock music band. Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums.
• If You See Her, Say Hello by Bob Dylan - If you see her say hello, she might be in Tangier. Bob Dylan (born Robert Zimmerman, May 24 1941 in Duluth, Minnesota) is an American singer-songwriter author poet and painter who has been a major
• Sartori in Tangier by King Crimson - derives its title from beat generation influences including the Jack Kerouac novel Satori in Paris, and the city of Tangier, where a number of beat writers resided and which they often used as a setting for their writing. King Crimson is a Progressive rock band founded by guitarist Robert Fripp and drummer Michael Giles in 1969 Jack Kerouac ( March 12 1922 &ndash October 21 1969) was an American Novelist, Writer, Poet, and Satori in Paris, a 1966 novel by Jack Kerouac. A short semi-autobiographical tale of a man who travels to Paris then Brittany to do research on his genealogy
• Waiting in Tangier - a track in the album Woman to Woman of Fem2fem band. Fem2Fem was a 1990s Techno group who released two albums With actress Lezlie Deane of Freddy's Dead The Final Nightmare as a member Fem2Fem
• Tangier by the Scottish musician Donovan Phillips Leitch on his album The Hurdy Gurdy Man. Donovan ( Donovan Phillips Leitch, born 10 May 1946 in Glasgow) is a Scottish Singer-songwriter and guitarist The Hurdy Gurdy Man is the sixth studio Album and seventh album overall from Scottish Singer-songwriter Donovan.
• Live At Tangiers - a solo by Michael Stanley
• Tangiers - an instrumental piece by John Powell featured in The Bourne Ultimatum
• My Tangier - Dave Crockett (circa 1980's)
• Intrigue in Tangiers - a track from the album What Does Anything Mean? Basically by The Chameleons. In Music, a solo (from the Italian solo, meaning alone) is a piece or a section of a piece played or sung by a single performer Michael Stanley (born March 25 1948 as Michael Stanley Gee in Cleveland Ohio) is an American Singer-songwriter, Musician John Powell is a English Film score Composer born on 18 September 1963 and currently based in Los Angeles. The Bourne Ultimatum is a 2007 Spy film directed by Paul Greengrass and loosely based on the Robert Ludlum novel of the same name. What Does Anything Mean? Basically, released in 1985 (see 1985 in music) is the second album released by The Chameleons. The Chameleons (called The Chameleons UK on some American releases were a Dream pop / Post-punk band that formed in Middleton,
• Idaho by Josh Ritter - "I got your letter in Tangier". Josh Ritter (born October 21 1976 is an American Singer-songwriter.
• Walou by Outlandish

Paintings

• Window at Tangier by the French artist Henri Matisse (1912 - The Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow). Outlandish are a multi-award winning hip-hop group based in Denmark. Henri Matisse (31 December 1869 – 3 November 1954 was a French Artist, known for his use of Colour and his fluid brilliant and original draughtsmanship The Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts (Russian Музей изобразительных искусств им Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of
• Virtual Tangier: Visions of the City by Matisse (c. Henri Matisse (31 December 1869 – 3 November 1954 was a French Artist, known for his use of Colour and his fluid brilliant and original draughtsmanship 1911-1916)
• Harvest of a journey to Spain and Tangiers, The Great Mosque, and Serpent Charmers of Sokko - a painting by Emile Wauters
• Market Day Outside the Walls of Tangiers by Louis Comfort Tiffany (1873 - Smithsonian American Art Museum)
• HMS Mary Rose and pirates by Willem van de Velde (a painting ascribed to Willem van de Velde, taken from the book: William Laird Clowes (ed. Emile Wauters (1846-1933 was a Belgian painter He was born in Brussels. Louis Comfort Tiffany ( February 18, 1848 &ndash January 17, 1933) was an American artist and designer who worked in the decorative arts The Smithsonian American Art Museum is a Museum in Washington D Willem van de Velde the Elder (c 1611 Leiden &ndash December 13, 1693, Greenwich) was a Dutch painter ): The Royal Navy. A History From the Earliest Times to the Present, Vol. 2, London 1898)

People born in Tangier

• Ibn Battuta - an Arab explorer
• Shlomo Ben-Ami - an Israeli politician
• Ralph Benmergui - a Canadian TV and radio host at the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
• Alexandre Rey Colaço - A Portuguese pianist
• Roger Elliott - the first British Governor of Gibraltar
• Sanaa Hamri - a Moroccan music video director
• Emmanuel Hocquard - a French poet
• Alexander Spotswood - an American Lieutenant-Colonel and Lieutenant Governor of Virginia
• Heinz Tietjen - a German music composer
• Ángel Vázquez - a writer in Spanish. Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Abdullah Al Lawati Al Tanji Ibn Battuta (أبو عبد الله محمد ابن عبد الله اللواتي الطنجي بن بطوطة (born February Prof Shlomo Ben-Ami (שלמה בן עמי born 17 July 1943) is an Israeli diplomat politician and historian Raphael (Ralph Benmergui (born 1955 is a television and radio personality Alexandre Jorge Maria Idalécio Raimundo Rey Colaço ( Tangier, Morocco, April 30th 1854 - Lisbon, September 11th 1928 was a Portuguese pianist The piano is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with Felt covered hammers Major General Roger Elliott (CIR 1665 - 16 May 1714) was one of the earliest British Governors of Gibraltar. The Governor of Gibraltar is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom 's overseas territory of Gibraltar. Sanaa Hamri ( صنعاء حمري) is a Moroccan American Music video director. Emmanuel Hocquard (born in 1940 in Cannes) is a French Poet who grew up in Tangier, Morocco. A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" Alexander Spotswood (c 1676 - 6 June 1740 was a Lieutenant-Colonel in the British Army and a noted Lieutenant Governor of Virginia Alexander Spotswood was Lieutenant Colonel ( Lieutenant-Colonel in English from the French grade 's spelling is a rank of Commissioned officer in the armies The following is a list of the Governors of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Heinz Tietjen ( June 24, 1881 - November 30, 1967) was a German conductor and music producer born in Tangier
• Abderrahmane Youssoufi - a former socialist prime minister of Morocco

People who settled or sojourned in Tangier

• Lancelot Addison - an English chaplain and the author of West Barbary, or a Short Narrative of the Revolutions of the Kingdoms of Fex and Morocco (1671). Abderrahmane Youssoufi (عبد الرحمن اليوسفي (born March 8, 1924) is a Moroccan politician who served as the Prime Minister of Morocco Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution This article is about the government position For other uses see Prime Minister (disambiguation. Reverend Lancelot Addison ( 1632 - April 20, 1703) was born at Crosby Ravensworth in Westmorland. A chaplain is typically a Priest, Pastor, ordained Deacon, Rabbi, Imam or other member of the Clergy serving a group of
• José Luis Alcaine - a Spanish born cinematographer
• Bill Bird - an American journalist and the founder of Tangier Gazette
• Paul Bowles - an American writer and composer. José Luis Alcaine (born 26 December 1938) is a Spanish born Cinematographer. William Augustus Bird (1888 - 1963 was an American journalist now remembered for his hobby the Three Mountains Press, a Small press he ran while in Paul Frederic Bowles ( December 30, 1910 – November 18, 1999) was an American Expatriate Composer, Author, A writer is anyone who creates a written work although the word usually designates those who write creatively or professionally as well as those who have written in many different forms A composer (literally meaning 'one who puts together' is a person who creates Music, usually in the medium of notation, for Interpretation and Performance Died in Tangier.
• Joseph McPhillips III - an American Headmaster The American School of Tangier and Theater Director. Introduction The American School of Tangier (founded in 1950 is an independent private school located at 149 Rue Christophe Colomb Tangier, Morocco Died in Tangier.
• Jane Bowles - an American writer. Jane Bowles, born Jane Auer ( February 22, 1917 – May 4, 1973) was an American Writer and Playwright. A writer is anyone who creates a written work although the word usually designates those who write creatively or professionally as well as those who have written in many different forms Wife of Paul Bowles.
• William S. Burroughs - an American novelist, essayist, social critic, painter and spoken word performer
• Truman Capote - an American novelist and writer. William Seward Burroughs II ( – ˈbʌroʊz was an American Novelist, Essayist, Social critic, painter and Spoken word A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story This article is an abbreviated list of Essayists - individuals notable for writing essays on various topics Social criticism analyzes Social structures which are seen as flawed and aims at practical solutions by specific measures radical Reform or even Revolutionary Painting (pān'tīng in Art, is the practice of applying Color to a Surface (support base such as e Spoken word is a form of literary Art or artistic performance in which Lyrics, Poetry, or stories are spoken rather than sung Truman Capote (ˈtruːmən kəˈpoʊti ( 30 September, 1924, New Orleans Louisiana – 25 August, 1984, Los Angeles
• João de Castro - a Portuguese naval officer and fourth viceroy of the Portuguese Indies. Dom João de Castro ( February 7, 1500 - June 6, 1548) was a Portuguese naval officer and fourth Viceroy of Portuguese A viceroy is a royal official who governs a country or province in the name of and as representative of the Monarch.
• Ira Cohen - an American poet, publisher, photographer and filmmaker; he published the magazine Gnaoua in Tangier
• Eugène Delacroix - a French Romantic painter
• Jim Ede - a notable British art collector
• Malcolm Forbes - The publisher of Forbes magazine
• Allen Ginsberg and Jack Kerouac visited Burroughs, their fellow Beat in Tangier. Ira Cohen (born February 3, 1935) is an American Poet, Publisher, Photographer and Filmmaker born in New Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix (26 April 1798 &ndash 13 August 1863 was a French Romantic artist regarded from the outset of his career as the leader of Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the Harold Stanley Ede ( 7 April 1895 – 15 March 1990) also known as ' Jim' Ede, was a British collector of art and friend A Museum is distinguished by a collection of often unique objects that forms the core of its activities for exhibitions Education, Research Malcolm Stevenson Forbes ( August 19, 1919 – February 24, 1990) was Publisher of Forbes magazine, founded by Forbes is an American Publishing and media company Its flagship publication Forbes magazine is published bi-weekly Irwin Allen Ginsberg (ˈgɪnzbɝg (June 3 1926 &ndash April 5 1997 was an American Poet. Jack Kerouac ( March 12 1922 &ndash October 21 1969) was an American Novelist, Writer, Poet, and
• Sean Gullette - American actor and writer
• Brion Gysin - an American writer and painter
• Mohamed Hamri The Moroccan painter described as being the 'Picasso of Moroccco'^[6]
• Friedrich von Holstein - a German statesman
• Barbara Hutton - a wealthy American socialite dubbed by the media as the "Poor Little Rich Girl" because of her troubled life. Sean Gullette (born June 4, 1968 in Boston Massachusetts) is a New York -based writer actor and filmaker An actor, actress, player or thespian (see terminology) is a person who Acts in a Dramatic production and who works A writer is anyone who creates a written work although the word usually designates those who write creatively or professionally as well as those who have written in many different forms Brion Gysin ( January 19, 1916 - July 13, 1986) was a painter, Writer, Sound poet, and Performance A writer is anyone who creates a written work although the word usually designates those who write creatively or professionally as well as those who have written in many different forms Painting (pān'tīng in Art, is the practice of applying Color to a Surface (support base such as e Mohamed Hamri (1932 - 2000 commonly known as Hamri also called himself Hamri the Painter of Morocco. Friedrich von Holstein ( 24 April 1837 - 8 May 1909) was a German statesman and served as the head of the political department of } Barbara Woolworth Hutton ( November 14, 1912 – May 11, 1979) was an American Socialite dubbed by the media as the "Poor Little A socialite is a person who is known to be a part of fashionable Society because of his or her regular participation in social activities and fondness for spending a significant
• Bernard-Henri Lévy - a wealthy French journalist and right-wing intellectual. Bernard-Henri Lévy (born November 5, 1948 in Béni Saf, Algeria) is a French Public intellectual and journalist
• Gavin Lambert - a British novelist and friend of Paul Bowles
• Henri Matisse - a notable French painter
• Mohamed Mrabet - a Moroccan storyteller
• Joe Orton - British playwright
• Ion Perdicaris - a U.S.-Greek playboy who was the centre of the infamous Perdicaris incident, a kidnapping that aroused international conflict in 1904. Gavin Lambert (born July 23, 1924 - July 17, 2005) was a British-born Screenwriter Henri Matisse (31 December 1869 – 3 November 1954 was a French Artist, known for his use of Colour and his fluid brilliant and original draughtsmanship Mohammed Mrabet (real name Mohammed ben Chaib el Hajjem (8th March 1936 -) Moroccan Author Artist and Storyteller of Berber Joe Orton ( 1 January, 1933, Leicester, England - 9 August, 1967, Islington, London) born John Ion Perdicaris (1840 &ndash 1925 was a Greek-American playboy who was the centre of the infamous Kidnapping known as the Perdicaris incident which aroused international The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία In Criminal law, kidnapping is the taking away or Asportation of a person against the person's will usually to hold the person in False imprisonment
• George John Pinwell - a British painter
• Reichmann family (including Edward below) - a rich immigrant Jewish family from Austro-Hungary
• Edward Reichmann - an Austro-Hungarian businessman
• David Roberts - a Scottish painter
• Yves Saint-Laurent (designer) - a French fashion designer. George John Pinwell ( 1842 - September 8, 1875) was a British Watercolour painter. Painting (pān'tīng in Art, is the practice of applying Color to a Surface (support base such as e The Reichmann family is a family best known for controlling Edward Reichmann (אדוארד רייכמן 1925 - July 2005 was the oldest of the five Reichmann brothers famed for their global business empire David Roberts RA ( October 24, 1796 &ndash November 25, 1864) was a Scottish painter. Yves Henri Donat Mathieu-Saint-Laurent, known as Yves Saint Laurent ( August 1 1936 &ndash June 1 2008) was an Algerian
• J. Slauerhoff - a Dutch poet and novelist
• Kenneth Williams - British humourist

People who died in Tangier

• Ibn Battuta - 14th century traveller and diarist - was born in Tangier in 1304 and is said to have been buried there in 1368. Jan Jacob Slauerhoff, who published as J Slauerhoff, was a Dutch Poet and Novelist. Kenneth Charles Williams ( 22 February 1926 &ndash 15 April 1988) was an English comic Actor, star of 26 Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Abdullah Al Lawati Al Tanji Ibn Battuta (أبو عبد الله محمد ابن عبد الله اللواتي الطنجي بن بطوطة (born February
• Mohamed Choukri - a Moroccan novelist. Mohamed Choukri ( Arabic: محمد شكري; July 15, 1935 — November 15, 2003) was a Moroccan Author who is A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story (Died in Rabat, buried in the Marshan, Tangier)
• George Elliott - probably the illegitimate son of Richard Eliot. Rabat ( Arabic الرباط, transliterated ar-Rabāṭ or ar-Ribāṭ) population 2 million ( 2007 estimate) is the George Elliott (cir 1636 – Tangier Garrison 1668) was the illegitimate son of Richard Eliot (b Richard Eliot (c 1614 - unknown date in 1660s was the wayward second son of Sir John Eliot (11 April 1592 - 27 November 1632 and Rhadigund Geddy (c He was the "Chirurgeon to the Earl of Teviot's Regiment at Tangier"
• George Fleetwood - One of the regicides of Charles I. Regicides of Charles I are considered to be the fifty-nine Commissioners (Judges who sat in judgement at the trial of King Charles I of England and signed his death Brought to trial and sentenced to imprisonment in the Tower of London. Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower) is a historic monument in central London He may have been transported to Tangier.
• Paul Lukas - a Hungarian actor. Paul Lukas ( May 26, 1895 - August 15, 1971) was a Hungarian Academy Award and Golden Globe -winning Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic
• John Middleton, 1st Earl of Middleton - a commander-in-chief of the troops in Scotland under the reign of Charles II. John Middleton 1st Earl of Middleton ( c 1619 - June 1674 in Tangier, Morocco) belonged to a Kincardineshire family which had held lands at Charles II (Charles Stuart 29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685 was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
• Paul Bowles - American novelist and musician. Paul Frederic Bowles ( December 30, 1910 – November 18, 1999) was an American Expatriate Composer, Author,

Trivia

• One of the Lathyrus tingitanus plants is called Tangier Pea. The Genus Lathyrus consists of the sweet peas and vetchlings, Flowering plants in the Legume family Fabaceae.
• One of the inherited disorders of bloodstream is called the Tangier disease, albeit named for Tangier Island, which was named for Tangier. This is an article about the rock music band "Circulatory System" Tangier disease is a rare inherited disorder characterized by a severe reduction in the amount of High density lipoprotein (HDL often referred to as "good Tangier is a town in Accomack County, Virginia, United States, on Tangier Island in Chesapeake Bay.
• The name tangerine comes from Tangier from which the first tangerines were shipped to Europe. The tangerine ( Citrus reticulata) is an orange - or red -colored Citrus Fruit. The adjective tangerine, from Tangier, was already an English word (first recorded in 1710).
• The poem called "Herb's Herbs" of unknown origin describes a capitonym:

A herb store owner, name of Herb, Moved to a rainier Mount Rainier. A capitonym is a word that changes its meaning (and sometimes pronunciation when it is capitalized and usually applies to capitalization due to Proper nouns or Eponyms

It would have been so nice in Nice, And even tangier in Tangier.

Events

• Tanjazz - An annual international Jazz festival. Tanjazz is an international Jazz Festival held annually in Tangier, Morocco since the year 2000. Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States
• Festival National du Film - An annual Moroccan film festival (8th edition in 2006).
• Le Festival International de Théâtre Amateur - An international amateur theater festival.

Landmarks

• American Legation
• Church of Saint Andrew
• Dar El oued Makhazen, the old sultan's palace in the kasbah, now houses the kasbah museum. The American Legation, located at 8 Zankat America (Rue d'Amerique in the old city of Tangier, Kingdom of Morocco, commemorates the historic cultural and diplomatic Church of Saint Andrew, (Rue d'Angleterre 50 Socco Tangier, Morocco) is an Anglican church consecrated in 1905

Town twinning

• Faro, Portugal (since 1954)
• Cádiz, Spain
• Liège, Belgium (since 2006)

See also

• List of Colonial Heads of Tangier
• Mauretania Tingitana
• List of cities in Morocco
• History of Morocco

Notes

1. ^ The name Tangier is pronounced, in the English manner, as "Tan-jeer" or in the French manner, as "Tahn-zjeer" depending on regional accent. Faro (ˈfaɾu is a city and municipality in southern Portugal. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Cádiz ( Spanish:) is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the province of the same name, a province which is one of eight Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Liège (ljɛːʒ Older English: Luick, Walloon: Lidje, German: Lüttich; Latin: Leodium, Dutch The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those List of Colonial Heads of Tangier Mauretania Tingitana was a Roman province located in northwestern Africa coinciding roughly with the northern part of modern Morocco and spanish cities of Ceuta This is a complete list of cities in Morocco Agadir Asilah Azrou Azilal Azemour The Capsian culture brought Morocco into the Neolithic about 8000 BC at a time when the Maghreb was less arid than it is today
2. ^   "Tingis". Catholic Encyclopedia. The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language Encyclopedia published by The Encyclopedia (1913). New York: Robert Appleton Company.  
3. ^   "Tingis". Catholic Encyclopedia. The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language Encyclopedia published by The Encyclopedia (1913). New York: Robert Appleton Company.  
4. ^ E. M. G. Routh - Tangier: England's lost Atlantic outpost 1912
5. ^ Power, Faith, and Fantasy: In the beginning, for America, was the Middle East, Matt Buckingham, Wweek, February 14, 2007.
6. ^ The Guardian, 28 April, 2008

External links

• Tangier Guardian Feature by Stephen Emms
• History of Tangier and The American legation in Tangier
• Jewish history in Tangier
• See photos of Tangier

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic