Citizendia
Your Ad Here

The Tamil Film Industry is home to Tamil-language cinema based in India and is sometimes referred to as Kollywood (Tamil : கோலிவுட் kōlivūṭ). Tamil (ta தமிழ்; t̪əmɨɻ is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people of the Indian subcontinent. The Indian film industry is the largest in the world in terms of ticket sales and number of films produced annually (877 feature films and 1177 short films were released in the year 2003 Tamil (ta தமிழ்; t̪əmɨɻ is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people of the Indian subcontinent. The name, Kollywood, has derived from Kodambakkam, the area in Chennai (formerly Madras), where Kollywood films are largely produced. Kodambakkam ( Tamil:) is a locality in Chennai, India. Traditionally Kodambakkam has been synonymous with the Tamil film industry and is known for Tamil language movies are also filmed in Sri Lanka. Tamil (ta தமிழ்; t̪əmɨɻ is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people of the Indian subcontinent.

Silent movies were produced in Kollywood since 1916 and the era of talkies dawned in 1931. By the end of the 1930s, the industry was booming to the extent that the State of Madras legislature passed the pioneering Entertainment Tax Act 1939 with little opposition.

Contents

Distribution

Tamil films have one of the widest overseas distribution along with Telugu and Hindi films. They have enjoyed consistent popularity among Tamil speakers in India, Sri Lanka, Singapore and Malaysia. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island Singapore For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Tamil films have recently become popular in Japan (Rajinikanth's Muthu, for example, screened for a record period), South Africa, Canada, and the UK. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Many movies such as Chandramukhi and Anniyan were also simultaneously released in the USA. Chandramukhi is a 2005 Kollywood horror, comedy and drama directed by P Anniyan is a Kollywood Psychological thriller directed by S Shankar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Sivaji: The Boss, which had released recently has also been touted as a record-breaking film for its high-budget, large opening, and reception worldwide. Sivaji (சிவாஜி is a 2007 Tamil film, which was directed by S It also cracked into the UK's Top 10 weekend box opening movies becoming the first ever Indian movie to do so. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located It is also the most expensive Indian movie produced so far, largely due to the 25 Crore salary paid to Rajnikanth.

Tamil films enjoy significant patronage in the neighbouring southern States like Kerala, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh too. In Kerala and Karnataka the films are directly released in Tamil but in Andhra Pradesh they are generally dubbed into Telugu. There is a fair amount of dispersion amongst the Indian film industries. Many successful Tamil films have been remade by the Hindi and Telugu film industries. Kollywood has also remade a fair number of Hindi-, Telugu-, Malayalam-, and other-language films. It is estimated by the Manorama Yearbook 2000 (a popular almanac) that over 5,000 Tamil films were produced in the 20th century. For a complete list of Tamil films, see the List of Tamil-Language Films. More than 5000 Films have been released in the Kollywood Tamil language film industry since the release of the movie "Kalidaas" in 1931 Tamil films have also been dubbed into other languages, thus reaching a much wider audience. Examples of those dubbed into Hindi include such hits as Minsaara Kanavu, Roja and Bombay. Minsaara Kanavu ( 1997) is a Tamil Film musical directed by Rajiv Menon. for the town in Mozambique see Roja Mozambique Roja ( 1992) is a Tamil Film directed by Mani This article is about the film See Bombay (disambiguation for other uses Anniyan, a recent Tamil film became the first Indian film to be dubbed into French. Anniyan is a Kollywood Psychological thriller directed by S Shankar. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people See popular Tamil films. Popular Tamil films (in reverse chronological orderclaim is made that these are the best Tamil films, though many of fans' all-time favorites will be found on this list

There has been a growing presence of English in dialogue and songs as well. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States It is not uncommon to see movies that feature dialogue studded with English words and phrases, or even whole sentences. Some movies are also simultaneously made in two or three languages (either using subtitles or several soundtracks). Quite often, Tamil movies feature Madras Tamil, a colloquial version of Tamil spoken in Chennai. Madras Tamil or Madras bashai (மெட்ராஸ் Madras being the old name of Chennai.

History

A visiting European exhibitor first screened (date unknown) a selection of silent short films at the Victoria Public Hall in Madras. Victoria Public Hall is a historical building in Chennai. It is one of the finest examples of British architectures in Chennai The films all featured non-fictional subjects; they were mostly photographed records of day-to-day events. Non-fiction is an account or representation of a subject which is presented as Fact.

In Madras (now known as Chennai), the Electric Theatre was established for the screening of silent films. The Electric Theatre is a Theatre located in Guildford, Surrey, England, which has gained a widespread reputation for promotion of the musical It was a favourite haunt of the British community in Madras. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The theatre was shut down after a few years. This building is now part of the Post Office complex in Anna Salai. Anna Salai, formerly known as Mount Road, is the most important Arterial road in Chennai, India. A Mr. Cohen built Lyric Theatre in the Mount Road area (now Anna Salai). Cohen (כֹּהֵן kōhēn', means "A Priest " is a Jewish Surname of Biblical origins (see Anna Salai, formerly known as Mount Road, is the most important Arterial road in Chennai, India. This venue boasted a variety of events, including plays in English, Western classical music concerts, and ballroom dances. A play, or stageplay, is a form of Literature written by a Playwright, almost always consisting of Dialogue between Fictional characters This article is about the architectural element known as a ballroom Silent films were also screened as an additional attraction. Samikannu Vincent, an employee of the South Indian Railways in Trichy, purchased a film projector and silent films from the Frenchman Du Pont and set up a business as film exhibitor. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Tiruchirappalli ( Tamil: தி௫ச்சிராப்பள்ளி also spelled Tiruchirapalli E I du Pont de Nemours and Company (,) is an American chemical company that was founded in July 1802 as a Gunpowder mill by Eleuthère Irénée Cinemaaustraliajpg|thumb|A movie theater in Australia ]]A movie theater, movie theatre, picture theatre or cinema is a venue He erected tents for screening films. His tent cinema became popular and he travelled all over the state with his mobile unit. A state is a political association with effective Sovereignty over a geographic Area and representing a Population. In later years, he produced talkies and also built a cinema in Coimbatore. A sound film is a motion picture with synchronized sound, or sound technologically coupled to image as opposed to a Silent film. Coimbatore (கோயம்புத்தூர் also known as Kovai (கோவை is a major industrial city in India and the second largest city in the

To celebrate the event of King George V's visit in 1909, a grand exhibition was organised in Madras. Year 1909 ( MCMIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Its major attraction was the screening of short films accompanied by sound. A British company imported a Crone megaphone, made up of a film projector to which a gramophone with a disc containing prerecorded sound was linked, and both were run in unison, producing picture and sound simultaneously. HAG is a Swiss maker of Model trains in HO scale. These are high quality trains made of die-cast metal with reliable mechanisms A megaphone, speaking-trumpet, bullhorn or loud hailer is a portable usually hand-held funnel-shaped device whose application is to amplify However, there was no synched dialogue. A dialogue (sometimes spelled dialog) is a reciprocal Conversation between two or more entities. Raghupathy Venkiah Naidu, a successful photographer, took over the equipment after the exhibition and set up a tent cinema near the Madras High Court. A photographer is a person who takes a Photograph using a Camera. The Madras High Court, one of the Landmarks of the metropolis of Chennai, India, and believed to be the second largest judicial complex in the world R. Venkiah, flush with funds, built in 1912 a permanent cinema in the Mount Road area named Gaiety. Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting It was the first in Madras to screen films on a full-time basis. This theatre is still functioning, although under different ownership.

In tent cinemas, there were usually three classes of tickets: the floor, bench and, chair. The floor-ticket purchaser sat on sand to watch the movie, but he enjoyed certain advantages that other patrons did not. He could sit as he pleased, or he could turn over and take a short nap when the narrative was particularly dull and roll back again when the action was again to his liking—luxuries in which the upper class could never indulge.

Early Movie Studios

In early days during 20's, Tamil Movies (silent Movies)were shot at make shift location in and around Chennai,and for technical processing they were sent to Pune or Calcutta. Later some movies featuring MKT were shot at Pune and Calcutta. In 30's AVM setup their makeshift studio in the town of Karaikudi, and in the same decade big full fledged Movie studio's were built in Salem (Modern Theatres Studio) and Coimbatore (Central Studios,Neptune and Pakshiraja). WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Karaikudi is a city and a Municipality in Sivaganga District in the Indian state Modern Theaters Studio was a Motion picture Movie studio in Salem, Tamil Nadu, India, started by T Coimbatore (கோயம்புத்தூர் also known as Kovai (கோவை is a major industrial city in India and the second largest city in the Central Studios was a Motion picture Movie studio in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, started by B By mid 40's Chennai became the hub of Studio activity with two more movie Studios built in Chennai,Vijaya Vauhini Studios and Gemini Studios. Vijaya Studios was originally known Vauhini Studios which was supposed to be the largest cine studio in Asia at that time (1940s Later AVM Studios shifted their opertation to Chennai. Thus the undivided Madras Presidency being the Capital to most of South India,Chennai became the center for Tamil and notable Telugu movies. Also most of the pre-independence era drama and stage actors joining movie industry from 40's Chennai became the hub for South Indian Lauguage Cinema.

Superstars

Initially, Kollywood was dominated by M.K. Thyagaraja Bagavadhar and P. Mayavaram Krishnamurthy Thyagaraja Bhagavathar (b 3 January 1909 d U. Chinnappa in 1930's and 1940's. After in the 1950's till late 1970's by M. G. Ramachandran and Sivaji Ganesan. Maruthur Gopala Ramachandran Menon ( Tamil: மருதூர் கோபால இராமச்சந்திரன் Malayalam:മരുതൂര് Sivaji Ganesan (born Viluppuram Chinnaiahpillai Ganesan, October 1, 1927 - July 21, 2001) was a legendary Indian The 1980's were dominated by then young stars, Vijayakanth, Kamal Hassan and Rajnikanth. Kamal Haasan (born November 7, 1954 in Paramakudi, India is an Indian Film actor and director, considered among Rajinikanth (ರಜನೀಕಾಂತ್ रजनीकांत ரஜினிகாந்த் (born Shivaji Rao Gaekwad on December 12, 1950 By the 1990's there were many stars in the industry. However, Kamalhassan and Rajinikanth still dominated the decade and brought Kollywood to a new level. Kamal Haasan (born November 7, 1954 in Paramakudi, India is an Indian Film actor and director, considered among Rajinikanth (ರಜನೀಕಾಂತ್ रजनीकांत ரஜினிகாந்த் (born Shivaji Rao Gaekwad on December 12, 1950 The former starred quality films under his production while the latter raised the bar in commercial family entertainers and became the highest paid actor in the India. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country

During this same time a new generation of actors including Joseph Vijay and Ajith Kumar were rising. This article is about the Indian film actor For other uses see Vijay (disambiguation Vijay ( Tamil: விஜய் (born Joseph Vijay Chandrasekhar Ajith Kumar ( Tamil: அஜித் குமார் (born May 1, 1971) is an Indian film actor and car racer who has acted in many Tamil Today along with veterans Kamal Hassan and Rajnikanth, Joseph Vijay, Ajith Kumar, Vikram and Surya Sivakumar are prominent leading men who guarantee a good box office opening. Kamal Haasan (born November 7, 1954 in Paramakudi, India is an Indian Film actor and director, considered among Rajinikanth (ರಜನೀಕಾಂತ್ रजनीकांत ரஜினிகாந்த் (born Shivaji Rao Gaekwad on December 12, 1950 This article is about the Indian film actor For other uses see Vijay (disambiguation Vijay ( Tamil: விஜய் (born Joseph Vijay Chandrasekhar Ajith Kumar ( Tamil: அஜித் குமார் (born May 1, 1971) is an Indian film actor and car racer who has acted in many Tamil Vikram ( Tamil: விக்ரம் is an Indian actor, who starred in a number of top-grossing Tamil films and is currently one of the reigning Saravanan "Surya" Sivakumar ( Tamil: சரவணன் சிவகுமார் popularly known as Surya ( Tamil: சூர்யா

These stars have exclusive fanclubs that often resort to violent display of support. Distributors of films of the stars are able to arrange financing of film-in-progress from banks and exhibitors without much difficulty.

Some of these actors like Rajnikanth, are politically influential due to their loyal fan bases. Rajinikanth (ರಜನೀಕಾಂತ್ रजनीकांत ரஜினிகாந்த் (born Shivaji Rao Gaekwad on December 12, 1950

Industrial trends

Average annual film output in Tamil film industry has risen steadily in the 20th century

In the year 2007 a record 105 movies were released. [1] For the purpose of entertainment taxes, returns have to be filed by the exhibitors weekly (usually each Tuesday). [1] The Tamil film industry accounts for approx. 1% of the gross domestic product of the state of Tamil Nadu. Costs of production have grown exponentially from just under Rs. 40 lakhs in 1980 to over Rs. 11 crores by 2005 for a typical star-studded big-budget film. Similarly, costs of processing per print have risen from just under Rs. 2,500 in 1980 to nearly Rs. 70,000 by 2005. Interestingly, The Tamil Nadu government has made provisions for an entertainment tax exemption for Tamil movies having pure Tamil word(s) in the title. This is in accordance with Government Order 72 passed on 22 July 2006. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The first film to be released after the new Order was Unnakkum Ennakum. The original title had been Something something Unakkum Ennakkum, a half-English and a half-Tamil title.

Exhibitors

There are about 1800 cinema-halls located in Tamil Nadu[2],with nearly 80 of them located in Chennai. Tamil Nadu ( Tamil:, Country of the Tamils, t̪ɐmɨɻ n̪aːɽɯ is one of the 28 states of India. [3]. Below is a list of the most prominent exhibitors in the box office.

Show rentals range from Rs. Sathyam Cinemas is the group which runs the popular and successful Sathyam Theatre complex located a little away from the important Anna Salai ( Mount Road 700 in C-centres to as much as Rs. 7,000 in A-centres for an average 700-seat screen. Unlike Hollywood, superstardom is deeply ingrained into Kollywood economics, so distributors are prepared to not only finance the films of super stars with proven track records but are also, in turn, able to secure minimum guarantees for those films from exhibitors. Rise of multiplexes in the late 1990s has stunted the growth of large screens.

See also

References

  1. ^ Superstars dominate
  2. ^ A boon to film-buffs.
  3. ^ Boon to film-buffs.

External links

More than 5000 Films have been released in the Kollywood Tamil language film industry since the release of the movie "Kalidaas" in 1931 Popular Tamil films (in reverse chronological orderclaim is made that these are the best Tamil films, though many of fans' all-time favorites will be found on this list The Indian film industry is the largest in the world in terms of ticket sales and number of films produced annually (877 feature films and 1177 short films were released in the year 2003 Filmfare Awards South are Filmfare Awards for Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada Films in India.
© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic