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For the school, see Tamanend Middle School. Central Bucks School District is located in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and is the third largest school district in Pennsylvania
For the political organization, see Tammany Hall. Tammany Hall was the Democratic Party Political machine that played a major role in controlling New York City politics and helping immigrants (most notably

Tamanend or Tammany (c. 1628–1698) was a chief of one of the clans that made up the Lenni-Lenape nation in the Delaware Valley at the time Philadelphia was established. The shannon (later named Delaware Indians by Europeans were in the 17th century organized bands of Native American peoples with shared cultural and linguistic The Delaware Valley is a term used widely to refer to the metropolitan area centered on the city of Philadelphia in the United States. Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə Tamanend is best known as a lover of peace and friendship who played a prominent role in the establishment of peaceful relations among the Native American tribes and the English settlers who established Pennsylvania, led by William Penn. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern William Penn ( October 14, 1644 – July 30, 1718) was founder and "Absolute Proprietor" of the Province of Pennsylvania,

Tamanend reputedly took part in a meeting between the leaders of the Lenni-Lenape nation, and the leaders of the Pennsylvania colony held under a large elm tree at Shakamaxon in the early 1680s. Shackamaxon or Shakamaxon was a village inhabited by Delaware (Lenape Indians, located in what are now the borders of the city of Philadelphia There, Tamanend is reported to have announced that the Lenni-Lenape and the English colonists would "live in peace as long as the waters run in the rivers and creeks and as long as the stars and moon endure. " These words have been memorialized on the statue of Tamanend that stands in Philadelphia today.

It is believed that Tamanend died in 1698. Over the next century, many folk legends surrounded Tamanend and his fame assumed mythical proportions among the people of Philadelphia, who began to call him "King Tammany," "Saint Tammany," and the "Patron Saint of America. " The people of Philadelphia also organized a Tammany society and an annual Tammany festival. These traditions soon spread across America. The reason for Tammany's popular status can be attributed to the need that patriotic colonists had to express a distinct "American" identity, in place of their former European nationalities. Tammany, an American Indian, provided an apt symbol for patriotic Americans to identify with.

Because of Philadelphia's political significance during the founding of the United States of America, Tammany soon became a national symbol throughout much of the newly-formed country.

Contents

Tammany Societies

Tammany Hall on East 14th Street in Manhattan featured a white marble statue of Tamanend (located in the arch on top of the building). Click on the image for a larger view.
Tammany Hall on East 14th Street in Manhattan featured a white marble statue of Tamanend (located in the arch on top of the building). Click on the image for a larger view.

In 1772, the original Tammany Society was formed in Philadelphia (it was originally called the "Sons of King Tammany" but was later renamed the "Sons of St. Tammany"). Soon, Tammany societies began to appear from Georgia to Rhode Island to the Ohio River. The most famous of these was New York City's Society of St. Tammany, which grew into a major political machine known as "Tammany Hall. A political machine is an unofficial system of a political organization based on Patronage, the Spoils system, "behind-the-scenes" control and longstanding Tammany Hall was the Democratic Party Political machine that played a major role in controlling New York City politics and helping immigrants (most notably " A white marble statue of Tamanend adorned the facade of the building on East 14th Street that housed Tammany Hall. A facade or façade (fəˈsɑːd is generally one side of the exterior of a Building, especially the front but also sometimes the sides and rear

Tammany Festivals

By the early 1770s, annual Tammany Festivals occurred in Philadelphia and Annapolis. The festivals were held on May 1, replacing the May Day traditions of Europe. May Day occurs on May 1 and refers to any of several Public holidays In many countries May Day is synonymous with International Workers' Day, or Labour The festivals also continued many of the features of the traditional May Day celebrations. For example, the Saint Tammany Day celebrated on May 1, 1771, in Annapolis had a may pole decorated with ribbons. The maypole is a tall wooden pole (traditionally of Maple ( Acer) hawthorn or Birch) sometimes erected with several long coloured People danced in Native American style to music while holding a ribbon and moving in a circle around the pole.

On May 1, 1777, John Adams wrote of the Tammany festival in Philadelphia during the American Revolutionary War. John Adams (October 30 1735 July 4 1826 was one of the most influential Founding Fathers of the United States. In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" Adams, who was in Philadelphia attending the Second Continental Congress as a delegate from Massachusetts, wrote a letter home to his wife, Abigail Adams, which said:

"This is King Tammany's Day. The Second Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that met beginning in May 10 1775 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Abigail Adams (née Smith (November 11 1744 &ndash October 28 1818 was the wife of John Adams, the second President of the United States, and mother of John Tammany was an Indian King, of this past of the Continent, when Mr. Penn first came here. His court was in this town. He was friendly to Mr. Penn and very serviceable to him. He lived here among the first settlers for some time and until old age. . . . The people here have sainted him and keep his day" (Lyman H. Butterfield, ed. , Adams Family Correspondence; Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1963-1973, II, pp. 229-230).

On May 1, 1778, General George Washington and the Continental Army held a Tammany festival while camped at Valley Forge. George Washington (February 22 1732 December 14 1799 served as the first President of the United States of America (1789&ndash1797 and led the The American Continental Army was an Army formed after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America Valley Forge, Pennsylvania was the site of the camp of the American Continental Army over the winter of 1777&ndash1778 in the American Revolutionary War. The "men spent the day in mirth and jollity. . . in honor of King Tammany" (Military Journal of George Ewing, 1928).

After the end of the Revolutionary War, Tammany celebrations spread throughout America, as far away as Savannah, Georgia. Wherever a Tammany Society had been established, the society would promote a local Tammany festival. Many calendars of the time listed "Saint Tammany's Festival" on May 1.

Tammany celebrations were such important events that, in 1785, George Washington appeared at the Tammany festival in Richmond, Virginia with Virginia governor Patrick Henry. Patrick Henry ( May 29, 1736 June 6, 1799) was a prominent figure in the American Revolution, known and remembered for his " In 1787, New York City first began to have a Tammany festival.

Developments since 2003

In 2003, two identical concurrent resolutions were introduced in the United States Congress (Senate Concurrent Resolution 39 and House Concurrent Resolution 123) that sought to establish "St. In the United States, a concurrent resolution is a legislative measure passed by both the Senate and the House of Representatives. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses Tammany Day" on May 1 as a national day of recognition. Strictly speaking the United States does not have national holidays (i The bills were referred for review to the Subcommittee on Civil Service and Agency Organization, which is a subcommittee of the House Committee on Government Reform. The Committee on Oversight and Government Reform is a United States House of Representatives committee that has existed in varying forms since 1816 As of December 2006, the Subcommittee has yet to take any action on the bill.

Other Tammany appearances in popular culture

In 1794, Ann Julia Hatton's tremendously popular "Tammany: The Indian Chief" premiered on Broadway. Ann Julia Hatton, née Kemble (other married name Curtis; also known as Ann of Swansea) ( 29 April 1764 &ndash 26 December Broadway theater, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 39 large professional theaters with 500 seats or more located It was the first major opera libretto written in the United States that had an American theme and it was the earliest drama about American Indians. A libretto is the text used in an extended Musical work such as an Opera, Operetta, Masque, sacred or secular Oratorio and

In 1826, Tammany appeared (as "Tamenund") at the conclusion of The Last of the Mohicans, a novel which was extremely popular in the antebellum United States. The Last of the Mohicans is a Historical novel by James Fenimore Cooper, first published in January 1826 " Antebellum " is an expression derived from Latin that means "before war" ( ante, "before" and bellum The novel was written by James Fenimore Cooper (one of the first popular American novelists) and was part of the Leatherstocking Tales (which had a significant impact on both American literary culture and the emerging nation's identity). James Fenimore Cooper (September 15 1789 &ndash September 14 1851 was a prolific and popular American writer of the early 19th century The Leatherstocking Tales is a series of novels by American Writer James Fenimore Cooper, each featuring the main hero

Statues and monuments to Tamanend/Tammany

Places named after Tamanend/Tammany

This article incorporates text from the public domain 1907 edition of The Nuttall Encyclopædia. Southampton Pennsylvania is an unincorporated community in the U Lancaster is a city in the South Central part of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and is the County seat of Lancaster County. The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone The Nuttall Encyclopædia: Being a Concise and Comprehensive Dictionary of General Knowledge is an early-20th-century Encyclopedia, edited by

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