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Taiyuan
—  Prefecture-level city  —
Chinese transliteration(s)
 - Chinese 太原
 - Pinyin Tàiyuán
Downtown Taiyuan
Downtown Taiyuan
Nickname: Bingzhou(并州); Jinyang(晋阳); Dragon City(龙城)
Taiyuan in China
Taiyuan in China
Coordinates: 37°52′10″N 112°33′37″E / 37.86944, 112.56028
Country China
Province Shanxi
Government
 - Mayor Zhang Bingsheng (张兵生)
Area
 - Total 6,956 km² (2,685. A prefecture-level city ( or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and A Chinese character, also known as a Han character ( is a Logogram used in writing Chinese (hanzi Japanese ( A Chinese character, also known as a Han character ( is a Logogram used in writing Chinese (hanzi Japanese ( Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use A nickname is a Name of an entity or thing that is not its Proper name. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division ( Postal map spelling: Shansi) is a province in the northern part of the People's Republic of China. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 7 sq mi)
Population (2004)
 - Total 3,413,800
 - Density 490. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 8/km² (1,271. 1/sq mi)
Time zone China Standard (UTC+8)
Area code(s) 351
GDP ¥ 101. China standard time or Beijing time is the Time zone observed in the People's Republic of China ( PRC) UTC+8 is a band of Timezones separated from the Greenwich Mean Time by 8 hours A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks 338 billion (2006)
GDP per capita ¥ 27,994 (2006)
Major Nationalities Han
County-level divisions 10
Township-level divisions 83
Website: http://www.taiyuan.gov.cn

Taiyuan (Chinese: 太原; pinyin: Tàiyuán; Wade-Giles: T'ai-yüan lit. The following is a list of ethnic groups in China where "China" is taken to mean areas controlled by either of the two states using "China" in their formal Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Wade-Giles (ˌweɪdˈʤaɪlz) sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system (phonetic notation and Transcription) for the Mandarin "Great Plains") is a prefecture-level city and capital of Shanxi province, China. A prefecture-level city ( or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and ( Postal map spelling: Shansi) is a province in the northern part of the People's Republic of China. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The city has an elevation of about 800 meters.

Contents

Geography

Taiyuan is one of the great industrial cities of China and lies on the Fen River in the north of its fertile upper basin. The Fen River ( is a river in Shanxi Province the People's Republic of China. It commands the north-south route through Shanxi, as well as important natural lines of communication through the mountains to Hebei province in the east and—via Fenyang — to northern Shaanxi province in the west. ( Postal map spelling: Shansi) is a province in the northern part of the People's Republic of China. ( Postal map spelling: Hopeh) is a northern province of the People's Republic of China. Fenyang city ( Chinese: 汾阳市 Pinyin: Fényáng Shì formerly as Fenyang County (汾阳县 before 1996 is a County-level city under the ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess

The city had been deliberately flooded several times: 453 BC, 969 AD, and was destroyed by war in 1125 AD. Events By place Greece Pericles, the ruler of Athens, bestows generous wages on all Athens' citizens who serve as jurymen on 969 was a year in the 10th century. Events By Place Byzantine Empire December 11 — John I becomes

History

Taiyuan is an ancient capital, constructed by Zhaojianzi (趙簡子/赵简子) in ca. 500 BC, named Jinyang (晉陽/晋阳). It was renamed Taiyuan in the Qin Dynasty. Not to be confused with the Qing Dynasty, the last dynasty of China Several Emperors came from this city, therefore the other name of the city is "Dragon City". The most famous emperor is Li Shiming during Tang Dynasty. Emperor Taizong of Tang ( January 23, 599 &ndash July 10 649) personal name Lǐ Shìmín ( was the second emperor of the The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by Many ancient Chinese poets were also from Taiyuan. In Tang Dynasty, Taiyuan was a secondary capital of China and a cultural center. The oldest existing building in the city is the Temple of Goddess (聖母殿/圣母殿) inside the Jin Ci Complex; it was originally built in 1023 AD and reconstructed in 1102 AD.

The city was originally the site of Jinyang, a strategic center for the ancient state of Zhao. Zhao ( Pinyin: zhào Traditional Chinese: 趙 Simplified Chinese: 赵 was a Chinese State during After the Qin conquest of Zhao in 221 BC, it became the seat of the commandery (district under the control of a commander) of Taiyuan, which continued during the Han dynasty (206 BC–AD 220) and after. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. In the Later Han period, it became capital of the province (zhou) of Bing. The zhōu (州 was a historical political division of China. First established during the Han Dynasty, zhou continued to exist until the establishment

In the 6th century it was for a time a secondary capital of the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi states, growing into a large city and also becoming a center of Buddhism. The Eastern Wei Dynasty (Chinese 東魏 followed the disintegration of the Northern Wei, and ruled northern China from 534 to 550. The Northern Qi Dynasty (Chinese 北齊 Běiqí was one of the Northern dynasties of Chinese history and ruled northern China from 550 to 577. Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices A new city was built in 562 AD, which was later linked to the old city during the Tang Dynasty (733 AD). Events By Place Byzantine Empire Belisarius stands trial for corruption in Constantinople, possibly with Events By Place Europe Leo III the Isaurian withdraws the Balkans, Sicily and Calabria from the jurisdiction From that time until the middle of the Tang dynasty (618–907), the construction of the cave temples at Tianlong Mountain, southwest of the city, continued. The dynastic founder of the Tang began his conquest of the empire with Taiyuan as a base and using the support of its local aristocracy. Aristocracy is a form of Government, where rule is established through an internal struggle over who has the most status and influence over society and internal relations It was periodically designated as the Tang's northern capital and grew into a heavily fortified military base.

The old city was at Taiyuanzhen, a few miles east of the modern city. After the Song conquest in 960, a new city was set up on the banks of the Fen in 982. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms The Fen River ( is a river in Shanxi Province the People's Republic of China. The city became a superior prefecture in 1059 and administrative capital of Hedong (northern Shanxi) in 1107. ( Postal map spelling: Shansi) is a province in the northern part of the People's Republic of China. It retained this function, with various changes in its name and status, down to the end of the Mongol period (1368). At the beginning of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), it was renamed Taiyuan Fu (fu meaning "chief town") and retained this name until 1912. The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led During Ming Dynasty, the city wall was reconstructed in 1568 AD. The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led Under the Ming dynasty and in the Qing period (1644–1911), it was capital of Shanxi. Not to be confused with Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of Imperial China Under the republic (established in 1911), its name was changed to Yangqu, a name it retained until 1947.

In 1900, during the Boxer Rebellion, there was a massacre of seventy seven unarmed Western missionaries who were exectued in front of the provincial governor. The Boxer Rebellion, or Boxer Movement, was an uprising by members of the Chinese Society of Right and Harmonious Fists against foreign influence An incident which became known as the Taiyuan Massacre. In 1907 the importance of Taiyuan was increased by the construction of a rail link to Shijiazhuang, in Hebei, on the Beijing to Wuhan trunk line. Shijiazhuang ( literally "The Stones' Village" is a Prefecture-level city and the Capital of Hebei province, China ( is the capital of Hubei province and is the most populous city in central People's Republic of China. Soon thereafter Taiyuan suffered a serious economic crisis. In the 19th century the merchants and local banks of Shanxi had been of national importance, but the rise of modern banks led to the rapid decline of this system—with disastrous effects upon Shanxi and its capital.

After 1911 Shanxi remained under a powerful warlord, Yen Hsi-shan, who retained control from 1913 to 1948. Yen Hsi-shan, ( ( 8 October, 1883 &ndash 22 July, 1960) was a Chinese Warlord who served in the government of the Taiyuan consequently flourished as the center of his comparatively progressive province and experienced extensive industrial development. It was also linked by rail both to the far southwest of Shanxi and to Datong in the north. Datong ( is a city in the northern Shanxi Province in China, and is located a few hundred kilometres west by rail from Beijing with an elevation of

After the Japanese invasion in 1937, Taiyuan's industries developed still further. The Second Sino-Japanese War ( July 7, 1937 to September 9, 1945) was a major war fought between the Republic of China and the In 1945 the Japanese army in Shanxi surrendered to Yen Hsi-shan and continued to fight for him until 1948. Yen Hsi-shan, ( ( 8 October, 1883 &ndash 22 July, 1960) was a Chinese Warlord who served in the government of the Eventually, the Chinese Communist armies captured Taiyuan, but only after a destructive battle.

Since 1949 Taiyuan has developed a large industrial base with heavy industry (notably iron and steel) of prime importance; local coal production is considerable. Taiyuan is also an engineering center, produces cement, and has a large chemical-industrial complex. Engineering is the Discipline and Profession of applying technical and scientific Knowledge and In the most general sense of the word a cement is a binder a substance which sets and hardens independently and can bind other materials together The chemical industry comprises the companies that produce industrial chemicals It is also a center of education and research, particularly in technology and applied science. Technology is a broad concept that deals with a Species ' usage and knowledge of Tools and Crafts and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt For the song by 311, see Grassroots. Applied science is the application of knowledge from one or more natural scientific

Economy

Satellite image of Taiyuan
Satellite image of Taiyuan

The GDP per capita was 27,994 yuan (US$4,000) in 2006, ranked no. 171 among 659 Chinese cities. In 2006, Taiyuan's nominal GDP was 101. 338 billion yuan, a growth of 14. 7% from the previous year. Taiyuan's primary, secondary, and tertiary industries were worth 2 billion yuan, 43. 07 billion yuan, and 44. 48 billion yuan respectively. There are several big companies in City of Taiyuan, such as Taiyuan Iron and Steel Company (TISCO) which is the biggest stainless steel producing plant in Asia. Also, the Shanxi Heavy Machinery Factory and Fenxi Machinery Factory are the major manufacturers for Chinese Army and Navy, which produce submarine missiles. Largest local bank is ICBC( Industrial and Commercial Bank of China)

Taiyuan is the biggest coal mining center in China. Industrial and Commercial Bank of China ( ICBC) ( more commonly just 工行 Gōngháng is the largest of China 's " Big Four " state-owned

Transportation

The Fen River flows across the city from north to south, dividing the city into two parts: Qiaoxi (West of the Bridge) and Qiaodong (East of the Bridge). The Fen River ( is a river in Shanxi Province the People's Republic of China. As of 2007, there are five bridges across the Fen River within the city limit: the Shengli Bridge (1970), the Yifen Bridge (1990), the Yingze Bridge (1954), the Nanneihuan Bridge (1988), and the Changfeng Bridge(2001). About ten kilometers to the north of the Shengli Bridge, there is the Chaicun Bridge. Two more bridges are being planned: Beizhonghuan Bridge and Nanzhonghuan Bridge. The major airport is Taiyuan Wusu Airport. Taiyuan Wusu Airport (太原武宿机场 is an airport in Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China.

Sport

The city was home of the Chinese Football Association Jia League's Shanxi Aosen Luhu club for the 2006 season. The Chinese Football Association Jia League ( Simplified Chinese: 中国足球协会甲级联赛 is the second tier league of the People's Republic of China. Hohhot Black Horse (呼和浩特黑马 is a Chinese football club based in Hohhot, China. It is also the home of the Shanxi Zhongyu (Chinese Basketball Association) since 2006. The Shanxi Zhongyu are a Basketball team in the North Division of the Chinese Basketball Association, based in Taiyuan, Shanxi. The Chinese Basketball Association ( CBA; Chinese 中国男子篮球职业联赛 is the premier professional Basketball league in China.

May 2008 the UCI World BMXRACING Championships is held in Taiyuan.

Food

Taiyuan's local specialties include:

Wheat-made Food: Liang Fen, Mian Pi

Noodle: Dalu Mian, Dao Xiao Mian (Knife Cut Noodle), La Mian (Dragging Noodle), Mao Er Duo( Cat Ear Noodle), Xi Hong Shi Chao Ji Dan Mian(Tomato and Fried Eggs Noodle)

Soup: Tou Nao ("Brain" Soup), Yang Za Ge

Tourism

A food street in Taiyuan
A food street in Taiyuan

Tourist attractions in and around Taiyuan include [1]:

Also, Taiyuan is known for its Liuxiang shopping district and the construction of parks and recreational areas on both sides of the Fen River that are specifically praised by the UN Environmental Programme for their role in the improvement in the environmental condition of Taiyuan. Taiyuan's environmental improvement project is being copied in many other Chinese cities and urban areas around the world.

Education

Major schools

Colleges and universities

Sister cities

Taiyuan is twinned with:

See also

References


External links

This article contains Chinese text.
Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters. Mojibake is the happenstance of incorrect unreadable characters (garbage characters shown when Computer software fails to render a text correctly according to its associated A Chinese character, also known as a Han character ( is a Logogram used in writing Chinese (hanzi Japanese (

Dictionary

Taiyuan

-noun

  1. A prefecture-level city in northern China; capital of Shanxi Province.
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