Taipei 101
Taipei 101 has been the world's tallest building since 2004. *
Preceded by	Petronas Twin Towers
Information
Location	Taipei, Taiwan
Status	Complete
Constructed	1999-2004
Height
Antenna/Spire	509. The Petronas Twin Towers (also known as the Petronas Towers or Twin Towers) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia were the world's tallest buildings Taipei ( Taiwanese Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-pak-chhī Jhuyin Fuhao: ㄊㄞˊ ㄅㄟˇ ㄕˋ Hakka: Thòi-pet-sṳ has been the capital of Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. 2 m (1,670. 60 ft)
Roof	449. 2 m (1,473. 75 ft)
Top floor	439. 2 m (1,440. 94 ft)
Technical details
Floor count	101
Floor area	412,500 m² (4,440,100 sq ft)
Elevator count	61, including double-deck shuttles and 2 high speed observatory elevators)
Cost	NT$58,000 million (US$1,760 million)[1]
Companies
Architect	C.Y. Lee
Contractor	KTRT Joint Venture, Samsung Engineering & Construction
Owner	Taipei Financial Center Corp. The New Taiwan dollar ( ( Currency code TWD and common abbreviation NT$) or simply Taiwan dollar, is the official Currency of the The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been C Y Lee (1938-) is a Chinese Architect based in Taiwan, born in Guangdong, China. KTRT Joint Venture, or abbreviated " KTRT JV " or shorter " KTRT " indicates the organization formed among KUMAGAI GUMI, TAIWAN KUMAGAI Samsung Engineering & Construction ( Hangul: 삼성건설 Hanja: 三星建設 is one of the world's leading Construction companies founded and established
Management	Urban Retail Properties Co.
*Fully habitable, self-supported, from main entrance to highest structural or architectural top; see the list of tallest buildings in the world for other listings. These are lists of Skyscrapers, ranked by structural height (vertical elevation from the base to the highest architectural or integral structural element of the

Taipei 101 (traditional Chinese: 臺北101 or 台北101; simplified Chinese: 台北101; pinyin: Táiběi Yīlíngyī; Wade-Giles: T'ai-pei I-ling-i) is a 101-floor landmark skyscraper located in Taipei, Taiwan. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Wade-Giles (ˌweɪdˈʤaɪlz) sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system (phonetic notation and Transcription) for the Mandarin Originally a landmark literally meant a Geographic Feature used by explorers and A skyscraper is a tall continuously habitable Building. There is no official definition or a precise cutoff height above which a building may clearly be classified as a skyscraper Taipei ( Taiwanese Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-pak-chhī Jhuyin Fuhao: ㄊㄞˊ ㄅㄟˇ ㄕˋ Hakka: Thòi-pet-sṳ has been the capital of Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. The building, designed by C.Y. Lee & Partners^[2][3] and constructed from May 1995 to March 2005 primarily by the South Korean multinational Samsung Engineering & Construction^[4] and supported by the KTRT Joint Venture^[5], is one of the world's tallest completed skyscrapers. C Y Lee (1938-) is a Chinese Architect based in Taiwan, born in Guangdong, China. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː Samsung Engineering & Construction ( Hangul: 삼성건설 Hanja: 三星建設 is one of the world's leading Construction companies founded and established KTRT Joint Venture, or abbreviated " KTRT JV " or shorter " KTRT " indicates the organization formed among KUMAGAI GUMI, TAIWAN KUMAGAI While determining the world's tallest structure has generally been straightforward the definition of the world's tallest building or the Taipei 101 received the Emporis Skyscraper Award in 2004. The Emporis Skyscraper Award is an award for architectural excellence regarding the design of buildings and their functionality It has been hailed as one of the Seven New Wonders of the World (Newsweek magazine, 2006) and Seven Wonders of Engineering (Discovery Channel, 2005)^[6]. Newsweek is an American weekly Newsmagazine published in New York City. Discovery Channel is an American Satellite and Cable TV channel (also delivered via IPTV, Terrestrial television and

The building stands as an icon of Taipei and Taiwan as a whole. The building contains 101 floors above ground and 5 floors underground. Its postmodern style combines tradition and modernity in ways that appear simultaneously Asian and international. Postmodernism literally means 'after the modernist movement' While " Modern " itself refers to something "related to the present" the movement of modernism Its safety features enable it to withstand typhoons and earthquakes. An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth 's crust that creates Seismic waves Earthquakes are recorded with a Seismometer A multi-level shopping mall adjoining the tower houses hundreds of fashionable stores, restaurants and clubs. Fireworks launched from Taipei 101 feature prominently in international New Year's Eve broadcasts, and the landmark appears frequently in films, television shows, print publications, anime media, games, and other elements of popular culture. A firework is classified as a low explosive pyrotechnic device used primarily for aesthetic and entertainment purposes New Year's Eve is on December 31, the final day of the Gregorian year and the day before New Year's Day. Originally a landmark literally meant a Geographic Feature used by explorers and (anime in Japanese,

The name of the tower reflects its location in Taipei's 101 business district and its floor count. (See also "Symbolism" below. Taipei 101 ( POJ: Tai-pak yat-leng-yat is a 101-floor Landmark Skyscraper located in Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan ) The number is pronounced in English simply as One Oh One and in Mandarin by the equivalent.

Taipei 101 is owned by the Taipei Financial Center Corporation and managed by the International division of Urban Retail Properties Corporation based in Chicago USA. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The name originally planned for the building, Taipei World Financial Center, was derived from the name of the owner. The original name in Chinese was literally, Taipei International Financial Center (traditional Chinese: 臺北國際金融中心; pinyin: Táiběi Guójì Jīnróng Zhōngxīn). Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use

Taipei 101 was overtaken in height on July 21, 2007 by the Burj Dubai in Dubai, UAE, upon the completion of that building's 141st floor. Events 356 BC - Herostratus sets fire to the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Burj Dubai ( برج دبي "Dubai Tower" is a Skyscraper under construction in the Business Bay district of Dubai, United Arab Dubai (in دبيّ,) is one of the seven emirates and most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE ^[7] The title of "world's tallest building" still rests with Taipei 101, though, as international architectural standards define a "building" as a structure capable of being fully occupied. The Burj Dubai is on course to claim the title once its construction is finished.

Contents 1 Features 1.1 Height 1.2 Construction 1.3 Interior 1.4 Observatories 1.5 Art 1.6 Tenants 1.7 Chronology 2 History 2.1 Beginnings 2.2 Events 3 Gallery 4 References 5 See also 6 External links

Features

Height

Taipei 101 has 101 storeys above ground and five underground. Upon its completion Taipei 101 claimed the official records for:

• Ground to highest architectural structure (spire): 509. A spire is a tapering conical or pyramidal structure on the top of a building particularly a church Tower. 2 metres (1,670. 60 ft). Previously held by the Petronas Towers 452 m (1,483 ft). The Petronas Twin Towers (also known as the Petronas Towers or Twin Towers) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia were the world's tallest buildings
• Ground to roof: 449. 2 m (1,473. 75 ft). Formerly held by the Sears Tower 442 m (1,450 ft). The Sears Tower, a Skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois, has been the tallest building in North America since 1973
• Ground to highest occupied floor: 439. 2 m (1,440. 94 ft). Formerly held by the Sears Tower 412. 4 m (1,353 ft).
• Fastest ascending elevator speed: 16. An elevator or lift is a Transport device used to move people or goods vertically from one floor to another 83 m/s (55. 22 ft/s) (60. 6 km/h, 37. 7 mi/h).
• Largest countdown clock: On display every New Year's Eve. A countdown is the backward counting to indicate the seconds days etc New Year's Eve is on December 31, the final day of the Gregorian year and the day before New Year's Day.

The record for greatest height from ground to pinnacle remained with the Sears Tower in Chicago (USA): 527 m (1,729 ft). A pinnacle (from Latin pinnaculum, a little feather pinna compare Panache) is an architectural ornament originally forming the cap The Sears Tower, a Skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois, has been the tallest building in North America since 1973 Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

Taipei 101 was the first building in the world to break the half-kilometer mark in height. ^[8] It was the first "world's tallest building" to be constructed in the new millennium.

Taipei 101 displaced the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, as the tallest building in the world by 57. The Petronas Twin Towers (also known as the Petronas Towers or Twin Towers) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia were the world's tallest buildings Kuala Lumpur (ˈkwɑːləlʊmˈpʊər Malay /kwɑlɑlʊmpʊ/ and locally /kwɑləlʊmpɔ/ or even /kɔlɔmpɔ/ or often abbreviated as K For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and 2 m (188 ft). ^[9] It also displaced the 85-story, 347. 5 m (1,140 ft) Tuntex Sky Tower in Kaohsiung as the tallest building in Taiwan and the 51-story, 244. Tuntex Sky Tower, or the T & C Tower or 85 SKYTOWER (the Tuntex & Chien-Tai Tower) is an 85-floor Skyscraper located in Lingya District, 2 m (801 ft) Shin Kong Life Tower as the tallest building in Taipei. Shin Kong Life Tower ( was the third tallest building in Taiwan at 51 stories. ^[10]

The Burj Dubai, located in Dubai, UAE, overtook Taipei 101 in height upon completion of its 141st floor on July 7 2007. Burj Dubai ( برج دبي "Dubai Tower" is a Skyscraper under construction in the Business Bay district of Dubai, United Arab Dubai (in دبيّ,) is one of the seven emirates and most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE The Burj Dubai is expected to hold a number of world records by the time it opens in mid-2009. Taipei 101 retains its official title until the Burj Dubai is completed, however, as the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat does not officially recognize a structure as a "building" for record purposes until it is functional--that is, until it is completed and can be occupied. The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH is the leading international body in the field of tall buildings and sustainable urban design

Various sources, including the building's owners^[6], give the height of Taipei 101 as 508. 0 m (1,667 ft), roof height and top floor height as 448. 0 m (1,470 ft) and 438. 0 m (1,437 ft). This lower figure is derived by measuring from the top of a 1. 2 m (4 ft) platform at the base. CTBUH standards, though, include the height of the platform in calculating the overall height, as it represents part of the man-made structure and is above the level of the surrounding pavement. The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH is the leading international body in the field of tall buildings and sustainable urban design ^[11][12]

Construction

Taipei 101 is designed to withstand the typhoon winds and earthquake tremors common in its area of the Asia-Pacific. A tuned mass damper, also known as an active mass damper ( AMD) or harmonic absorber, is a device mounted in structures to prevent discomfort damage or An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth 's crust that creates Seismic waves Earthquakes are recorded with a Seismometer Asia-Pacific or APAC is the area generally regarded as encompassing Littoral East Asia, Southeast Asia and Australasia near the Planners aimed for a structure that could withstand gale winds of 60 m (197 ft) per second (216 km/h, 134 mi/h) and the strongest earthquakes likely to occur in a 2,500 year cycle. ^[13]

Skyscrapers must be flexible in strong winds yet remain rigid enough to prevent large sideways movement (lateral drift). A skyscraper is a tall continuously habitable Building. There is no official definition or a precise cutoff height above which a building may clearly be classified as a skyscraper Flexibility prevents structural damage while resistance ensures comfort for the occupants and protection of glass, curtain walls and other features. Curtain wall is a term used to describe a building Façade which does not carry any dead load from the building other than its own dead load Most designs achieve the necessary strength by enlarging critical structural elements such as bracing. The extraordinary height of Taipei 101 combined with the demands of its environment called for additional innovations on the part of engineers.

The design achieves both strength and flexibility for the tower through the use of high-performance steel construction. Thirty-six columns support Taipei 101, including eight "mega-columns" packed with 10,000-psi concrete. ^[14] Every eight floors, outrigger trusses connect the columns in the building’s core to those on the exterior.

These features combine with the solidity of its foundation to make Taipei 101 one of the most stable buildings ever constructed. A foundation is a Structure that transfers loads to the earth The foundation is reinforced by 380 piles driven 80 m (262 ft) into the ground, extending as far as 30 m (98 ft) into the bedrock. Each pile is 1. 5 m (5 ft) in diameter and can bear a load of 1,000 metric tons (1,100 ST) - 1,320 metric tons (1,460 ST). ^[14] The stability of the design became evident during construction when, on March 31 2002, a 6. 8-magnitude earthquake rocked Taipei. The tremor was strong enough to topple two construction cranes from the 56th floor, then the highest, and killed five people in the accident. An inspection afterwards showed no structural damage to the building and construction soon resumed.

Thornton-Tomasetti Engineers along with Evergreen Consulting Engineering designed a 660 metric tons (728 ST)^[15] steel pendulum that serves as a tuned mass damper, the cost for it is NT$132 million (US$4 million). Thornton Tomasetti (formerly The Thornton-Tomasetti Group Thornton Tomasetti Engineers LZA Technology is a 650+ person Structural engineering consulting firm headquartered A tuned mass damper, also known as an active mass damper ( AMD) or harmonic absorber, is a device mounted in structures to prevent discomfort damage or ^[16] Suspended from the 92nd to the 88th floor, the pendulum sways to offset movements in the building caused by strong gusts. Its sphere, the largest damper sphere in the world, consists of 41 layered steel plates, each with a height of 125 mm (0. 41 ft) being welded together to form a 5. 5 m (18 ft) diameter sphere. ^[17] Another two tuned mass dampers, each weighing 6 metric tons (7 ST),^[16] Each ruyi ornament on the exterior of the Taipei 101 tower stands at least 8 m (26 ft) tall. The sweeping curved roof of the adjoining mall culminates in a colossal ruyi that shades pedestrians. Though the shape of each ruyi at Taipei 101 is traditional, its metallic interpretation is plainly modern.

At night the bright yellow gleam from its pinnacle casts Taipei 101 in the role of a candle or torch upholding the ideals of liberty and welcome. Originally a torch was a portable source of Fire used as a source of light usually a rod-shaped piece of wood with a rag soaked in pitch and/or some other Over the course of each week the tower's arc lights cycle through the seven colours of the spectrum:

Day	Monday	Tuesday	Wednesday	Thursday	Friday	Saturday	Sunday
Colour

• The time of the lighting: 6:00 PM-10:00 PM. A spectrum (plural spectra or spectrums) is a condition that is not limited to a specific set of values but can vary infinitely within a continuum. ^[18]

The cycle connects the tower with the rich symbolism of rainbows, traditionally seen as bridges linking earth to sky and earth's peoples to one another. The Rainbow, a natural phenomenon noted for its beauty and inexplicability has been a favorite component of Mythology throughout history

A further connection with time appears in an adjoining park, where a clock draws its energy entirely from the building's wind shear. Wind shear, sometimes referred to as windshear or Wind gradient, is a difference in Wind speed and direction over a relatively The circular shape of the clock is echoed in the shape of the park itself.

Taipei 101, like many of its neighbours, shows the influence of feng shui philosophy. Feng shui ( ˈfəŋˌʃueɪ fehng-shway in English is an ancient Chinese system of Aesthetics believed to utilize the Laws of both heaven (astronomy and earth (geography Feng shui ( ˈfəŋˌʃueɪ fehng-shway in English is an ancient Chinese system of Aesthetics believed to utilize the Laws of both heaven (astronomy and earth (geography An example appears at the intersection of Songlian Road and Hsinyi (Xinyi) Road, where a large fountain stands near the tower's east entrance. ^[19] A ball at the top spins toward the tower. The fountain may be viewed as a work of public art. Its stone and liquid textures offer a contrast to the glass and metal of the building even as its horizontal ridges repeat the building's rhythms. Yet, in feng shui terms, the fountain serves a practical function, though, . A T intersection near the entrance of a building drains positive energy, or ch'i, from a building and its occupants. In traditional Chinese culture, qi (zh [[wikt氣 氣]] Pinyin qì, Wade-Giles ch'i Jyutping Flowing water placed at such a spot can remedy the situation by generating a positive inward flow of ch'i. At Taipei 101 a traditional predicament has been addressed with a traditional solution--yet the result looks modern.

Taipei 101 merges ancient motifs and ideas with modern techniques and materials. As a landmark it renews the symbolism of all tall towers as cosmic centers. The axis mundi (also cosmic axis, world axis, world pillar and center of the world) is a ubiquitous symbol that crosses human cultures Its interplaying symbols convey images of optimism, abundance, and awareness of the cycles of time.

Interior

Taipei 101 is the first record-setting skyscraper to be constructed in the twenty-first century. A skyscraper is a tall continuously habitable Building. There is no official definition or a precise cutoff height above which a building may clearly be classified as a skyscraper Appropriately it exhibits a number of technologically advanced features as it provides a center for business and recreation.

The original 2004 fiber-optic and satellite Internet connections enabled transfer speeds up to a gigabyte per second. An optical fiber (or fibre) is a Glass or Plastic fiber that carries Light along its length Satellite Internet services are used in locations where terrestrial Internet access is not available and in locations which move frequently A gigabyte (derived from the SI prefix Giga-) is a unit of Information or Computer

The doubledeck elevators built by Toshiba Elevator and Building Systems Corporation (TELC) set a new record in 2004 with top ascending speeds of 16. Double-deck elevators are designed with two Elevator cars which are attached one on top of the other ( is a multinational conglomerate manufacturing company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. 83 m (55. 22 ft) per second (60. 6 km/h, 37. 7 mi/h). This speed is 34. 7 percent faster than the previous record holders of the Yokohama Landmark Tower elevator, Yokohama, Japan, which speeds of 12. The is the tallest building in Japan, standing high It is located in the futuristic Minato Mirai 21 district of Yokohama city right next to Yokohama Museum is the capital of Kanagawa Prefecture, located in the Kantō region of the main island of Honshū and is a major commercial hub of the Greater Tokyo Area For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. 5 m (41 ft) per second (45. 0 km/h, 28. 0 mi/h). Taipei 101's elevators sweep visitors from the fifth floor to the 89th-floor observatory in only 37 seconds. ^[20] Each elevator features an aerodynamic body, full pressurization, state-of-the art emergency braking systems, and the world's first triple-stage anti-overshooting system. Pressurization generally refers to the application of Pressure in a given situation or environment and more specifically refers to the process by which Atmospheric pressure The cost for each elevator is NT$80 million (US$2. 4 million). ^{[21][22][23][24]}

A 660 metric tons (728 ST) tuned mass damper stabilizes the tower against movements caused by high winds. A tuned mass damper, also known as an active mass damper ( AMD) or harmonic absorber, is a device mounted in structures to prevent discomfort damage or Wind is the flow of Air or other Gases that compose an Atmosphere (including but not limited to the Earth's) The damper can reduce up to 40% of the tower's movements (see "Construction"). Taipei 101 ( POJ: Tai-pak yat-leng-yat is a 101-floor Landmark Skyscraper located in Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan

The 101st floor is home to a private club named Summit 101. No information about this club has been made public save for a reference in the observatory pamphlet.

The observatories are located in the 91st and 89th floors. (See "Observatories" below. Taipei 101 ( POJ: Tai-pak yat-leng-yat is a 101-floor Landmark Skyscraper located in Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan )

Two restaurants have opened on the 85th floor: Diamond Tony's, which offers European-style seafood and steak, and Shin Yeh 101 (欣葉), which offers Taiwanese-style cuisine. Occupying all of the 86th floor is Japanese restaurant XEX. ^[25]

The multi-story retail mall adjoining the tower is home to hundreds of fashionable stores, restaurants, clubs and other attractions. The mall's interior is modern in design even as it makes use of traditional elements. The curled ruyi symbol (see "Exterior symbolism" above) is a recurring motif inside the mall. Ruyi ( is a curved decorative object that is a ceremonial Scepter in Chinese Buddhism or a Talisman symbolizing power and good fortune in Chinese Taipei 101 ( POJ: Tai-pak yat-leng-yat is a 101-floor Landmark Skyscraper located in Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan In art a motif is a repeated idea pattern image or theme Paisley designs are referred to as motifs Many features of the interior also observe feng shui traditions. Feng shui ( ˈfəŋˌʃueɪ fehng-shway in English is an ancient Chinese system of Aesthetics believed to utilize the Laws of both heaven (astronomy and earth (geography

Observatories

Taipei 101 features an Indoor Observatory (89 F) and an Outdoor Observatory (91 F). An observation deck is a platform situated upon a tall architectural structure or natural feature ^[26] Both offer 360-degree views and attract visitors from around the world.

• The Indoor Observatory stands 383. 4 m (1,258 ft) above ground and may be reached by high-speed elevators from the shopping mall fifth floor. It offers visitors a comfortable indoor environment, large windows with UV protection, recorded voice tours in seven languages, informative displays and special exhibits. Here one may view the skyscraper's main damper, nicknamed "Damper Baby", and buy food, drinks and gift items.

• The Outdoor Observatory stands 391. 8 m (1,285 ft) above ground. It is the world's highest outdoor observation deck.

A staircase takes visitors up two more flights to the Outdoor Observatory.

The Indoor Observatory is open twelve hours a day (10:00 AM-10:00 PM); Outdoor Observatory hours are the same as weather permits, both are operate all the week. Tickets may purchased on site in the shopping mall fifth floor, or in advance through the Observatory's web site (see "links" below). Taipei 101 ( POJ: Tai-pak yat-leng-yat is a 101-floor Landmark Skyscraper located in Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan The tickets are priced at NT$400 (US$13) each, it can visit 88 F (tuned mass damper area), 89 F and 91 F 3 floors altogether. ^[27]

Art

Many works of art appear in and around Taipei 101. These include:^[14]

• Rebecca Horn (Germany). Rebecca Horn ( 24 March, 1944, Michelstadt) is a German Installation artist most famous for her body modifications such as Einhorn Dialogue between Yin and Yang. 2002. Steel, iron.
• Robert Indiana (USA). Robert Indiana (born as Robert Clark, New Castle Indiana, September 13 1928) is an American artist associated with the Love and 1-0. 2002. Aluminum.
• Ariel Moscovici (France). Ariel Moscovici (b 1956 Bucharest, Romania) is an internationally acclaimed Sculptor born in Romania and based in France. Between Earth and Sky. 2002. Rose de la claret granite.
• Chung Pu (Taiwan). Global Circle. 2002. Black granite, white marble.
• Jill Watson (Britain). City Composition. 2002. Bronze.

The Indoor Observatory hosts a regular series of exhibitions. Artists whose work has been featured include Wu Ching (gold sculpture), Ping-huang Chang (traditional painting) and Po-lin Chi (aerial photography). ^[28]

Tenants

A number of enterprises maintain offices in Taipei 101. A few that have been featured in public announcements^[28] include these:

• ABN AMRO Bank
• Anthony's Group Holding Company Ltd
• Bayer Taiwan
• Cosmos Bank
• DBS Bank Ltd
• Emirates Advocates Taiwan (Emirates Trade Commission)
• The Executive Centre
• Fulland Securities Consultant Company Ltd (a Hantec Group subsidiary)
• GoldBank of Taiwan
• HVB Bank
• ING Antai
• ING SITE (affiliate of Internationale Nederlanden Groep N. V. , or ING)
• ING SCE (affiliate of Internationale Nederlanden Groep N. V. , or ING)
• Jones Lang LaSalle
• PeopleSearch Taiwan
• People's King
• SABIC Asia Pacific Pte Ltd
• Starbucks Coffee
• Taiwan Ratings Corporation
• Taiwan Stock Exchange Corporation (TSEC)
• Winterthur Life Taiwan

Restaurants in the tower include XEX, Diamond Tony's and Shin Yeh 101 (欣葉). Starbucks Corporation ( is an international Coffee and coffeehouse chain based in Seattle Washington. ^[25] Hundreds of international dining establishments and retail outlets also operate in the adjoining mall.

Chronology

Important dates in the planning and construction of Taipei 101 include the following:^[14]

Date	Event
October 20, 1997	Development and operation rights agreement signed with Taipei City government. Events 1740 - Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar
January 13, 1998	Ground-breaking ceremony. Events 532 - Nika riots in Constantinople. 888 - Odo Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar)
August 10, 1998	Construction license awarded for 101 stories. Events 612 BC - Killing of Sinsharishkun, King of Assyrian Empire Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar)
April 13, 1999	Design change to 509. Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) 2 m height approved by Taipei City government.
June 7, 2000	First tower column erected. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar.
June 13, 2001	Taipei 101 Mall topped out. Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar.
May 13, 2003	Taipei 101 Mall obtains occupancy permit. Events 1497 - Pope Alexander VI excommunicates Girolamo Savonarola. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar.
July 1, 2003	Taipei 101 Tower roof completed. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar.
October 17, 2003	Pinnacle placed. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar.
November 14, 2003	Taipei 101 Mall opens. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar.
April 15, 2004	Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) certifies Taipei 101 as world's tallest building. Events 1450 - Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH is the leading international body in the field of tall buildings and sustainable urban design
November 12, 2004	Tower obtains occupancy permit. Events 764 - Tibetan troops occupy Chang'an, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "
December 31, 2004	Tower opens to the public. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "
January 1, 2005	First fireworks show begins at midnight for New Year's Eve activity. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

History

Beginnings

Planning for Taipei 101 began in 1997 during Chen Shui-bian's term as Taipei mayor. Chen Shui-bian ( born October 12, 1950) is a Taiwanese politician and former President of the Republic of China. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Talks between merchants and city government officials initially centered on a proposal for a 66-story tower to serve as an anchor for new development in Taipei's 101 business district. By the time the ground-breaking ceremony took place on January 13, 1998 planners were considering taking the new structure to a more ambitious height. Ten months later the city granted a license for the construction of a 101-story tower on the site. Construction proceeded and the first tower column was erected in summer 2000.

Taipei 101's roof was completed three years later on July 1 2003. Ma Ying-jeou, in his first term as Taipei mayor, fastened a golden bolt to signify the achievement. NOTICE*************** Three months later the pinnacle was placed.

The formal opening of the tower took place on New Year's Eve 2004. New Year's Eve is on December 31, the final day of the Gregorian year and the day before New Year's Day. President Chen Shui-bian, Taipei Mayor Ma Ying-jeou and Legislative Speaker Wang Jin-pyng cut the ribbon. The President of the Republic of China ( is the Head of state of the Republic of China (ROC (commonly known as Taiwan since the 1970s Wang Jin-pyng ( Chinese: 王金平 Pinyin: Wáng Jīnpíng (born March 17, 1941) Taiwanese politician is the President Open-air concerts featured a variety of popular stars such as A-Mei and Sun Yan Zi. A-mei ( also known by her birth name Zhang Huimei or as Chang Hui-mei ( is an aboriginal Taiwanese pop Singer and occasional Stefanie Sun ( born July 23, 1978) and also known in Teochew as Sng Yì-che or Sng Ee Tze (her birth name is a Singaporean Singer-songwriter Visitors rode the elevators to the Observatory for the first time. A few hours later the first fireworks show at Taipei 101 heralded the arrival of a new year. A firework is classified as a low explosive pyrotechnic device used primarily for aesthetic and entertainment purposes Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ^[29][30]

Events

Taipei 101 is the site of innumerable special events. Art exhibits, as noted above, regularly take place in the Observatory. A few noteworthy dates since the tower's opening include these.

• December 25, 2004 - French rock and urban climber Alain Robert scaled Taipei 101, the climb was legal and lasting four hours to the pinnacle of Taipei 101. Events 274 - Roman Emperor Aurelian "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Rock climbing is a Sport in which participants climb up or across natural rock formations or man-made rock walls with the goal of reaching the Buildering (also known as urban climbing, structuring, or stegophily) is the act of climbing on (usually the outside of buildings and other artificial Alain Robert (born as Robert Alain Philippe on 7 August 1962 is a French rock and urban climber, from Digoin, Saône-et-Loire ^[31]

• February 28, 2005 - Former American president Bill Clinton visits and signs copies of his autobiography. Events 202 BC - coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty 's rule Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States An autobiography, from the Greek αὐτός autos "self" βίος bios "life" and γράφειν graphein "to write" ^[28]

• April 19, 2005 - Tower displays the formula E=mc2 in lights to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the publication of Einstein's theory of relativity. Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In Physics, mass–energy equivalence is the concept that for particles slower than light any Mass has an associated Energy and vice versa. Albert Einstein ( German: ˈalbɐt ˈaɪ̯nʃtaɪ̯n; English: ˈælbɝt ˈaɪnstaɪn (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955 was a German -born theoretical This page is about the scientific concept of relativity for philosophical or sociological theories about relativity see Relativism. The display, the largest of 65,000 such displays in 47 countries, is part of the international celebration 'Physics Enlightens the World. Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion. ^[28]

• November 20, 2005 - First annual Taipei 101 Run Up, a competition in which participants race up the 2,046 steps from floors 1 to 91. Events 284 - Diocletian was chosen as Roman Emperor. 762 - Bögü Khan of the Uyghurs, Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Proceeds benefit Taiwan's Olympic teams. ^[28]

• October 20, 2006 - Tower displays a pink ribbon in lights to promote breast cancer awareness. Events 1740 - Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Breast cancer is a Cancer that starts in the cells of the Breast in women and men The ten-day campaign is sponsored by Taipei 101's ownership and Estee Lauder. ^[28]

• December 12, 2007 - Austrian base jumper Felix Baumgartner survives an unauthorized parachute jump from Taipei 101's 90th floor. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich BASE jumping is involving the use of a Parachute or the sequenced use of a Wingsuit and parachute to jump from fixed objects--with the parachute unopened at the jump Felix Baumgartner (born on 20 April, 1969 in Austria) is a Skydiver and a BASE jumper. ^[32]

Gallery

References

See also

• Taipei
• Taiwan
• Tuntex Sky Tower
• Shin Kong Life Tower
• Burj Dubai
• Petronas Towers

• Skyscraper
• List of skyscrapers
• List of tallest buildings and structures in the world
• List of tallest freestanding structures in the world

External links

• Taipei 101 Official Website
• Taipei 101 Official Website - Observatory
• Taipei 101 Official Website - Mall
• YouTube - Taipei 101 New Year Fireworks 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008
• A 3 minute video about Taipei 101
• Taipei 101 in the Structurae database

Preceded by Sears Tower	World's tallest building rooftop 449. Taipei ( Taiwanese Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-pak-chhī Jhuyin Fuhao: ㄊㄞˊ ㄅㄟˇ ㄕˋ Hakka: Thòi-pet-sṳ has been the capital of Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. Tuntex Sky Tower, or the T & C Tower or 85 SKYTOWER (the Tuntex & Chien-Tai Tower) is an 85-floor Skyscraper located in Lingya District, Shin Kong Life Tower ( was the third tallest building in Taiwan at 51 stories. Burj Dubai ( برج دبي "Dubai Tower" is a Skyscraper under construction in the Business Bay district of Dubai, United Arab The Petronas Twin Towers (also known as the Petronas Towers or Twin Towers) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia were the world's tallest buildings A skyscraper is a tall continuously habitable Building. There is no official definition or a precise cutoff height above which a building may clearly be classified as a skyscraper These are lists of Skyscrapers, ranked by structural height (vertical elevation from the base to the highest architectural or integral structural element of the While determining the world's tallest structure has generally been straightforward the definition of the world's tallest building or the This is a list of tallest freestanding structures in the world past and present Structurae is an online Database containing works of structural and Civil engineering of all kinds such as Bridges High-rise buildings The Sears Tower, a Skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois, has been the tallest building in North America since 1973 2 m (1473. 75 ft) 2003 – Current	Incumbent
Preceded by Petronas Towers	World's tallest building architectural element 509. The Petronas Twin Towers (also known as the Petronas Towers or Twin Towers) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia were the world's tallest buildings 2 m (1670. 60 ft) 2003 – 2007	Succeeded by Burj Dubai
Preceded by 30 St Mary Axe (London, England)	Emporis Skyscraper Award (Gold) 2004	Succeeded by Turning Torso (Malmö, Sweden)

Burj Dubai ( برج دبي "Dubai Tower" is a Skyscraper under construction in the Business Bay district of Dubai, United Arab 30 St Mary Axe is a Skyscraper in London 's main financial district the City of London. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The Emporis Skyscraper Award is an award for architectural excellence regarding the design of buildings and their functionality HSB Turning Torso is a Skyscraper in Malmö, Sweden, located on the Swedish side of the Öresund strait "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation.

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