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The T2 tanker Hat Creek in August 1943
The T2 tanker Hat Creek in August 1943
The T2 tanker Schenectady broke in two due to brittle metal and bad welding
The T2 tanker Schenectady broke in two due to brittle metal and bad welding

The T2 tanker, or T2, was an oil tanker constructed and produced in large quantities in the United States during World War II. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The largest "navy oilers" at the time, nearly 500 of them were built between 1940 and the end of 1945.

Contents

Designs

T2 design

Standard T2s were 501 feet 6 inches in total length, with a beam of 68 feet. Rated at 9,900 tons gross (GRT), with 15,850 long tons of deadweight (DWT), standard T2s displaced about 21,100 tons. Tonnage is a measure of the size or Cargo capacity of a Ship. Deadweight tonnage (also known as deadweight and variously abbreviated as DWT, D Steam turbines driving a single propeller at 12,000 shaft horsepower delivered a top speed of 15 knots. A steam turbine is a mechanical device that extracts Thermal energy from pressurized Steam, and converts it into useful mechanical work A propeller is essentially a type of fan which transmits power by converting Rotational motion into Thrust for propulsion of a vehicle such as an Six were built for commerce by Bethlehem-Sparrows Point Shipyard in Maryland, only to be taken over by the United States Navy following the attack on Pearl Harbor. Commerce is a division of trade or production which deals with the exchange of goods and services from producer to final consumer Bethlehem Sparrows Point Shipyard was founded in 1887 as Maryland Steel in Sparrows Point, Maryland. The attack on Pearl Harbor (or Hawaii Operation, as it was called by the Imperial General Headquarters) was a surprise Military strike conducted by

T2-A design

The T2-A type tanker was an early design variation. Bigger but faster, they were 526 feet in total length, displaced about 22,445 tons, and were rated at 10,600 tons gross with 16,300 DWT -- yet they attained a top speed approaching 16½ knots.

T2-SE-A1

By far the most common variety of the T2-type tanker was the T2-SE-A1, another commercial design already being built in 1940 by the Sun Shipbuilding Company for Standard Oil Company of New Jersey. Standard Oil was a predominant American integrated oil producing transporting refining and marketing company New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. They were 523 feet long, 68 feet abeam, with 10,448 gross register tons (GRT) and 16,613 DWT. Gross Register Tonnage (abbreviated variously as GRT, grt, gr Their turbo-electric propulsion system delivered 6,000 shaft horsepower, with maximum thrust of 7,240 horsepower, which produced a top-rated speed of about 15 knots with a cruising range of up to 12,600 miles. turbo-electric transmission uses Electric generators to convert the mechanical energy of a Turbine ( steam or gas) into electric energy and Marine propulsion is the act of moving a floating object over or through water Thrust is a reaction force described quantitatively by Newton 's Second and Third Laws. After Pearl Harbor, the United States Maritime Commission ordered this model built en masse to supply U. Pearl Harbor is a Harbor on the Island of O{{okina}}ahu, Hawaii, west of Honolulu. The United States Maritime Commission was an independent executive agency of the US Federal government that was created by the Merchant Marine Act of 1936, passed by Congress S. warships already in accelerated production. A warship is a Ship that is built and primarily intended for Combat. Mass production (also called flow production, repetitive flow production, series production, or serial production) is the production of 481 were built in extremely short production times by the Alabama Drydock and Shipbuilding Company of Mobile, Alabama, the Kaiser Company at their Swan Island Yard at Portland, Oregon, the Marinship Corp. of Sausalito, California and the Sun Shipbuilding and Drydock Company of Chester, Pennsylvania. The Alabama Drydock and Shipbuilding Company (ADDSCO located in Mobile Alabama, was one of the largest marine production facilities in the United The Kaiser Shipyards were seven major shipbuilding yards located on the U Portland is a city located in the Northwestern United States, near the Confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers When the United States had entered World War II on December 8 1941 some extraordinary changes began to take place in communities all over the nation Sausalito (from Spanish: sauzalito "small willow grove" from sauce "willow" + collective derivative -al meaning "place Sun Shipbuilding & Drydock Company (1917-1989 was a major shipbuilding company in Chester Pennsylvania, about 15 miles south of Philadelphia on the Delaware Chester is a city in Delaware County Pennsylvania, with a population of 36854 at the 2000 Census. During that period, average production time from laying of the keel to "fitting out" was 70 days. In boats and ships keel can refer to either of two parts a structural element or a hydrodynamic element The record, however, was held by Marinship, which had the SS Huntington Hills ready for sea trials in just 33 days. Sea trial is the testing phase of a watercraft (including Boats Ships and Submarines.

T2-SE-A2

The T2-SE-A2 variation, built only by Marinship of Suasalito, was nearly identical to the T2-SE-A1 version, only with maximum thrust of 10,000 horsepower rather than the former’s 7,240.

Tanker Names

Main article: List of Type T2 Tanker names

References

See also

External links

History and service In 1936 the American Merchant Marine Act was passed to subsidize the annual construction of 50 commercial merchant vessels to be used in wartime by Type C1 was a designation for small Cargo ships built for the U List of Type C2 ships References and Notes From America to United States The History of the long-range Merchant Shipbuilding Programme of the United VC2 design One of the first acts of the United States War Shipping Administration when it was formed in February 1942 was to commission the design of the class History The vessel originally named SS Esso New Haven, was built by Sun Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company Chester, Pennsylvania in March 1944 The Bermuda Triangle, also known as the Devil's Triangle, is a region of the northwestern Atlantic Ocean in which a number of Aircraft and surface
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