See also: Sidney

Sydney
Downtown Sydney, Nova Scotia
Nickname: The Steel City
Sydney Location of Sydney in Nova Scotia
Coordinates: 46°08′11″N 60°11′44″W / 46.13631, -60.19551
Country	Canada
Provinces of Canada	Nova Scotia
Regional Municipality	Cape Breton Regional Municipality
Founded	1785
Incorporated City	1904
Dissolved	August 1, 1995
Area
- Total	519. A nickname is a Name of an entity or thing that is not its Proper name. Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The provinces and territories of Canada combine to make up the world's second largest country in total area. Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's Cape Breton Regional Municipality (2006 population 102250 often shortened to simply CBRM, is a Regional municipality in Nova Scotia Year 1785 ( MDCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to cities, counties, Towns Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 18 km² (200. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 5 sq mi)
Elevation	Sea level to 56 m (0 to 183. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. Mean sea level (MSL is the average (mean height of the Sea, with reference to a suitable reference surface The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International 72 ft)
Population (2001) From StatsCan
- Total	24,111
- Density	46. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 44/km² (120. 3/sq mi)
Time zone	AST (UTC-4)
- Summer (DST)	ADT (UTC-3)
Canadian Postal code	B1L - S
Area code(s)	902
Telephone Exchange	270, 304, 371, 536-9 549 560 561 - 7 574, 577, 578, 595
Website: http://sydney.capebretonisland.com/index.html

Sydney (2001 population: 24,115) is an urban community in Nova Scotia, Canada's Cape Breton Regional Municipality. UTC−4 is the Time offset used in the Atlantic Standard Time Zone in Canada in winter and the North American Eastern Time Zone during Daylight saving time ( DST Areas using UTC−3 Single zone countries without DST Suriname Single zone countries with DST Nova Scotia - 77 FSAs B7* and B8* codes are not used A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Area code 902 is the Telephone Area code in the Canadian provinces of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island, encompassing the whole Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Cape Breton Regional Municipality (2006 population 102250 often shortened to simply CBRM, is a Regional municipality in Nova Scotia

Sydney was incorporated in 1904 and dissolved on August 1, 1995 when it was merged into the regional municipality. Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Sydney is the largest urban centre on Cape Breton Island. Cape Breton Island ( French: île du Cap-Breton - formerly île Royale, Scottish Gaelic: Eilean Cheap Breatuinn, Together with Sydney Mines, North Sydney, New Waterford and Glace Bay it forms the Industrial Cape Breton region. Sydney Mines (2001 population 7312 is a former town in Nova Scotia 's Cape Breton Regional Municipality. North Sydney (2001 pop 6775 is a community in Nova Scotia 's Cape Breton Regional Municipality. New Waterford (2001 population 6944 is a Canadian urban community in Nova Scotia 's Cape Breton Regional Municipality. Glace Bay (2001 pop 16984 is a community in the eastern part of the Cape Breton Regional Municipality. Industrial Cape Breton is a geographic region in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.

History

It was founded by Col. Joseph Frederick Wallet DesBarres in 1785, and named in honour of Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney (also the Home Secretary in the British cabinet at the time). Colonel Joseph Frederick Wallet DesBarres ( November 22, 1721 &ndash October 27, 1824 (or October 24, 1824) was a Year 1785 ( MDCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Thomas Townshend 1st Viscount Sydney ( 24 February 1732 - 30 June 1800) was a British politician who held several important Cabinet posts in The Secretary of State for the Home Department, commonly known as the Home Secretary, is the minister in charge of the United Kingdom Home Office Lord Sydney appointed Col. DesBarres governor of the new colony of Cape Breton Island. Cape Breton Island ( French: île du Cap-Breton - formerly île Royale, Scottish Gaelic: Eilean Cheap Breatuinn, Col. DesBarres landed a group that consisted primarily of poor English citizens and disbanded soldiers. A group of Loyalists from the state of New York, fleeing the aftermath of the American Revolution, were added to the immigrants upon their arrival in the neighbouring colony of Nova Scotia. This article concerns Loyalists in the American Revolution. For information on the role of those Loyalists in Canadian history after their emigration see United Empire New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's The site DesBarres chose for the new settlement was along the Southwest Arm of Sydney Harbour, a drowned valley of the Sydney River, which forms part of Spanish Bay. The Sydney River is a short River located in Cape Breton County, Nova Scotia, Canada. Between 1784-1820, Sydney was the capital of the British colony of Cape Breton Island. Year 1784 ( MDCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Year 1820 ( MDCCCXX) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The colony was disbanded and merged with neighbouring Nova Scotia as part of the British government's desire to develop the abundant coal fields surrounding Sydney Harbour; the leases being held by the Duke of York. The Prince Frederick Duke of York and Albany (Frederick Augustus 16 August 1763 – 5 January 1827) was a member of the Hanoverian In 1826, the leases were transferred to the General Mining Association and industrial development around Sydney began to take shape. For the game see 1826 (board game. Year 1826 ( MDCCCXXVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display

By the early twentieth century Sydney became home to one of the world's largest steel plants, fed by the numerous coal mines in the area under the ownership of the Dominion Coal Company. The Dominion Steel and Coal Corporation (also DOSCO) was a Canadian Coal mining and Steel manufacturing company Sydney's economy was a significant part of Industrial Cape Breton with its steel plant and harbour and railway connections adjoining the coal mining towns of Glace Bay, New Waterford, Sydney Mines and Reserve Mines. Glace Bay (2001 pop 16984 is a community in the eastern part of the Cape Breton Regional Municipality. New Waterford (2001 population 6944 is a Canadian urban community in Nova Scotia 's Cape Breton Regional Municipality. Sydney Mines (2001 population 7312 is a former town in Nova Scotia 's Cape Breton Regional Municipality. Reserve Mines (2001 pop 1948 is a community in Nova Scotia 's Cape Breton Regional Municipality. The economic boom brought about by industrialization saw the community incorporate in 1903. Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting By the late 1960s the coal and steel industries had fallen on hard times and were taken over by the federal and provincial governments and both industries were permanently closed by the end of 2001. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Forced to diversify its economy, Sydney has examined a variety of economic development possibilities including tourism and culture, light manufacturing and information technology.

Sydney Harbour played an important role during World War II after a Royal Canadian Navy base, HMCS Protector, was established to stage supply convoys bound for Europe. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including For the history of Canada's naval forces after 1968 see Canadian Forces Maritime Command The Royal Canadian Navy ( RCN) was the HMCS Protector was the name of a Royal Canadian Navy base located in Sydney Harbour on Nova Scotia 's Cape Breton Island. A convoy is a group of Vehicles (of any type but usually motor vehicles or ships traveling together for mutual support They tended to be slower convoys and had the prefix SC (for Slow Convoy). Convoy SC-7 typified the dangers inherent with the Nazi U-boats off the coast of Cape Breton and Newfoundland during the Battle of the Atlantic. SC-7 was an Allied World War II Convoy of 35 merchant ships which sailed eastbound from Sydney Nova Scotia for Liverpool and other Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German U-boat is the anglicized version of the German word, itself an abbreviation of Unterseeboot ( undersea boat) and refers The Battle of the Atlantic was the longest continuous Military campaign of World War II, (though some say it was a series of naval Military campaigns Sydney's coal shipping and steel manufacturing were essential ingredients in the Allied victory, however federal Minister of Industry, C.D. Howe favoured Central Canada's steel industry given its proximity to a larger workforce and less exposure to coastal attack. In general allies are people groups or nations that have joined together in an association for mutual benefit or to achieve some common purpose Clarence Decatur "C D" Howe PC ( 15 January 1886 – 31 December 1960) was a leading Canadian politician The lack of significant war-time investment in Sydney's steel plant led to its decline after the war from which it was unable to recover.

Physical

Sydney's elevation is 100m above sea level. There are two large lakes on Cape Breton Island: Bras d'Or Lake, which connects to the North Atlantic Ocean, and Lake Ainslie. The Trans-Canada highway runs around the perimeter of Bras d'Or Lake. Sydney's climate is Atlantic, which means it is cold and stormy with heavy rain and snow, with a warm summer. The type of vegetation found is Acadian. Some types of trees in Acadian regions are Red Spruce, Balsam Fir, Maple, Red Pine, and White Pine. The forestry is commercial. The type of soil located in Sydney is Podzol, leached soil. Leached soil is too wet, causing the nutrients to be washed out of the soil. There is very little agriculture in Sydney, but there is more on other parts of the island.

Post-industrial adjustment

Sydney suffered an economic decline for several decades in the later part of the 20th century as local coal and steel industries underwent significant changes. The twentieth century of the Common Era began on Steel is an Alloy consisting mostly of Iron, with a Carbon content between 0 The closure of the Sydney Steel Corporation's steel mill and the Cape Breton Development Corporation's coal mines in 2000-2001 have resulted in attempts by the municipal, provincial and federal governments to diversify the area economy. Sydney Steel Corporation (SYSCO is a Crown corporation in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. The Cape Breton Development Corporation, or DEVCO, is a Canadian federal government Crown corporation. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar.

At the start of the 21st century, Sydney faces a significant challenge in the cleanup of the Sydney Tar Ponds, a tidal estuary contaminated with a variety of coal-based wastes from coke ovens that supplied the steel industry. The 21st century is the current century of the Christian Era or Common Era in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. The Sydney Tar Ponds are a hazardous waste site on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. After extensive public consultation and technical study, a $400 million CAD cleanup plan jointly funded by the federal and provincial governments awaits further environmental assessment.

In one part of the Whitney Pier neighbourhood, residents of Frederick St. discovered contamination within several homes and in surrounding soil, including a toxic orange substance oozing into local basements. Testing of the substance lasted over a year and many were outraged by delays, although some residents were subsequently relocated to a safer residential area nearby.

High unemployment and lack of opportunities have resulted in many educated young people leaving the community for jobs in other parts of Canada and the US. Demographic changes, including an aging population and decrease in the birth rate have begun to affect the area's economic outlook. Specifically, many residents have opted to seek work in Alberta and Ontario. Alberta (ælˈbɝtə is one of Canada's prairie provinces. It became a province on September 1 1905 Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec

Tourism

The "Largest Ceilidh Fiddle in the World. " Located at the Sydney waterfront.

In recent decades, Cape Breton Island has become home to a significant tourism industry, with Sydney (as the island's largest urban centre) being a prime beneficiary. Until the early 2000s when its economy was tied to the steel industry, Sydney had been overlooked as a tourist destination, with the more centrally-located scenic village of Baddeck being a preferred location for tourists transiting the Cabot Trail, however Sydney has recently witnessed a revival as a result of significant government investment in cruise ship facilities and a waterfront revitalization plan which has seen a boardwalk and marinas constructed, and the world's largest fiddle. Baddeck (2001 population 907 is a Canadian village in Victoria County, Nova Scotia. The Cabot Trail is a highway and scenic roadway in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. A cruise ship or cruise liner is a Passenger ship used for pleasure voyages where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are part of the experience This funding is part of the post-industrial adjustment package offered by the federal and provincial governments.

Sydney's tourism draw is increasingly linked to its cultural asset as being the urban heart of Cape Breton Island. Its population is a diverse mixture of nationalities which contributes to various Scottish, Acadian, African Canadian and eastern European cultural events being held throughout the year. Sydney's accommodation sector is centrally located to attractions in Louisbourg (home of the Fortress of Louisbourg), Glace Bay (home of the Glace Bay Miners Museum), Baddeck (home of the Alexander Graham Bell Museum), as well as popular touring destinations such as the Cabot Trail, Cape Breton Highlands National Park, and Bras d'Or Lake. Louisbourg (2001 pop 1157 is a community in Nova Scotia 's Cape Breton Regional Municipality. Fortress of Louisbourg (in French, Forteresse de Louisbourg) is a Canadian National Historic Site and the location of a partial reconstruction Glace Bay (2001 pop 16984 is a community in the eastern part of the Cape Breton Regional Municipality. Baddeck (2001 population 907 is a Canadian village in Victoria County, Nova Scotia. Cape Breton Highlands National Park (Parc national des Hautes-Terres-du-Cap-Breton is located on northern Cape Breton Island in the province of Nova Scotia Bras d'Or Lake (pronounced) is a large body of water dominating the centre of Cape Breton Island in the province of Nova Scotia, Canada.

Geology

The rock base that Sydney is located on is from the Paleozoic era, and is Carboniferous and Permian. Paleozoic rock is mainly sedimentary rock. Some examples of sedimentary rock are sandstone, limestone, shale, and dolomite. Sydney is in an area of glacial erosion and deposition (hence the sedimentary rock).

Port Facility

Sydney's marine terminal welcomes dozens of cruise ships every year, with the majority visiting in late summer or early fall to take in fall foliage tours. A cruise ship or cruise liner is a Passenger ship used for pleasure voyages where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are part of the experience Autumn leaf color is a phenomenon that affects the normally Green leaves of many Deciduous Trees and Shrubs by which they take on during The port is currently underutilized industrially but holds potential as a logistics base for future offshore petroleum and natural gas exploration in the Laurentian Basin, southeast of Cape Breton Island; an area that has been touted as a potential economic catalyst for Industrial Cape Breton. Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit Natural gas is a Gaseous Fossil fuel consisting primarily of Methane but including significant quantities of Ethane, Propane,

Education

Sydney is home to three public secondary schools: Sydney Academy, Riverview High School, and Holy Angels High School, as well as one french language school, Étoile de l'Acadie. Sydney Academy is one of two main secondary schools for the city of Sydney, Nova Scotia. Riverview High School may refer to Schools in Canada Riverview High School (Riverview, New Brunswick Canada Riverview Rural High School (Coxheath Holy Angels is an all girls school in Sydney Nova Scotia, Canada, founded in 1885 by the Sisters of the Congregation of Notre Dame Cape Breton University and the Nova Scotia Community College's Marconi Campus are located several miles east of Sydney along Trunk 4. Cape Breton University (CBU formerly the "University College of Cape Breton" (UCCB is a Canadian university in the Cape Breton Regional Municipality The Nova Scotia Community College ( NSCC) is the Community college of Nova Scotia. Trunk 4 is part of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia 's system of Trunk Highways

Sport

The Cape Breton Screaming Eagles of the QMJHL play their home games at Centre 200. The Cape Breton Screaming Eagles are a Junior ice hockey team in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League. The Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (French la Ligue de hockey junior majeur du Québec, abbreviated QMJHL in English LHJMQ in French is Centre 200 is the main sports and entertainment Arena located in Sydney Nova Scotia, home to the QMJHL 's Cape Breton Screaming Eagles and The franchise, which came into the league in 1969 as the Sorel Eperviers, moved to Sydney from Granby, Quebec in 1997, just one year after winning the Memorial Cup. The Sorel Éperviers (Black Hawks were a Junior ice hockey team in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League from 1969 to 1981 Granby is a city in southwestern Quebec, located east of Montreal. The Memorial Cup is the championship trophy of the Canadian Hockey League (CHL

From 1988 to 1996 Sydney was home to the Cape Breton Oilers of the AHL, the primary farm team of the NHL's Edmonton Oilers. The Cape Breton Oilers were an Ice hockey team in the American Hockey League. American Hockey Association (1926–1942The American Hockey League (AHL is a Professional Ice hockey league in North America that serves as the primary The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America The Edmonton Oilers are a professional Ice hockey team based in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. They won that league's championship, the Calder Cup, in 1993. The Calder Cup is awarded annually to the playoff champion of the American Hockey League. The franchise moved to Hamilton, Ontario after the 1995-96 season, becoming the Hamilton Bulldogs. Hamilton (ˈhæməltən ( 2006 population 504559 UA population 647634 CMA population The Hamilton Bulldogs are an Ice hockey team in the American Hockey League.

In 1993 and 1994 the Cape Breton Breakers of the NBL also played at Centre 200. The Cape Breton Breakers were a franchise in the old National Basketball League that began play in 1993 the league's first season The National Basketball League that was based in Canada lasted only one and a half seasons in 1993 and 1994. Centre 200 is the main sports and entertainment Arena located in Sydney Nova Scotia, home to the QMJHL 's Cape Breton Screaming Eagles and

People born or raised in Sydney

• John Buchanan, Premier of Nova Scotia
• David Dingwall, former cabinet minister
• Mayann E. Francis, Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia. John MacLennan Buchanan, PC, QC (born April 22, 1931) is a Canadian lawyer and former politician who served as Premier of Nova The Premier of Nova Scotia is the First minister for the Canadian province of Nova Scotia who presides over the Executive Council of Nova David Charles Dingwall, PC (born June 29 1952) is a former Canadian Cabinet minister and Civil servant The Cabinet of Canada (Cabinet du Canada plays an important role in the Government of Canada, in accordance with the Westminster System. Mayann E Francis ONS is the Lieutenant Governor of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.
• Danny Gallivan, Hockey Night in Canada sportscaster
• Donald MacDonald, President of the Canadian Labour Congress/MLA for Sydney
• Greg MacPherson, musician
• Calvin Ruck, activist and senator
• Gordie Sampson, singer-songwriter
• D. M. Schurman, imperial and naval historian
• Daniel MacIvor, playwright

External links

• Sydney local pages
• Sydney- Accommodations & Restaurants

Coordinates: 46°08′16″N 60°10′58″W / 46.1378, -60.1829 (Sydney)