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Sven Hedin. Oil painting by Carl Emil Österman (1923).
Sven Hedin. Oil painting by Carl Emil Österman (1923).

Sven Anders Hedin (February 19, 1865 - November 26, 1952) was a Swedish explorer, geographer and geopolitician. Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum Year 1865 ( MDCCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 43 BC - The Second Triumvirate alliance of Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus ("Octavian" later "Caesar Augustus" Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. A geographer is a Scientist whose area of study is Geography, the study of Earth 's physical environment and Human habitat Geopolitics is the study that analyzes Geography, History and Social science with reference to Spatial politics and patterns at various scales His achievements include the production of the first detailed maps of vast parts of Pamir, the Taklamakan Desert, Tibet, the ancient Silk Road, and the Himalayas. The Taklamakan Desert (Takelamagan Shamo 塔克拉玛干沙漠 also known as Taklimakan, is a Desert in Central Asia, in the Xinjiang Definitions of Tibet See also Definitions of Tibet Name In English The English word Tibet, like the word for Tibet in most European The Silk Road, or Silk Routes, are an extensive interconnected network of Trade routes across the Asian continent connecting East South and Western Asia with the He seems to have been the first explorer to realise that the Himalayas are a single mountain range.

Contents

Life

Hedin was born in Stockholm. ('stɔkhɔlm is Sweden 's Capital and its largest City. It is the site of the national Swedish government, the parliament, and the Between 1886 and 1892 he studied geology, mineralogy, zoology, and Latin in Stockholm, Uppsala, Berlin, and Halle. Year 1886 ( MDCCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1892 ( MDCCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Geology (from Greek γη gê, "earth" and λόγος Logos, "speech" lit Mineralogy is an Earth Science focused around the Chemistry, Crystal structure, and physical (including optical) properties of Minerals Zoology (from Greek ζῷον, zoon, "animal" + λόγος, " Logos " "knowledge" is the branch of Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Stockholm University ( Stockholms universitet) is a state University in Stockholm, Sweden. Uppsala University ( Swedish Uppsala universitet) is a world-class research University in Uppsala, Sweden. For other universities in Berlin see List of Universities in Berlin. The Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg (Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg also referred to as MLU, is a public University in the cities of He was a student of Ferdinand von Richthofen. Ferdinand Freiherr von Richthofen ( May 5, 1833 &ndash October 6, 1905) was a German traveller Geographer and Of small stature, with a bookish, bespectacled appearance, Hedin nevertheless proved himself a determined explorer, surviving several brushes with death from hostile forces and the elements over his long career.

Between his graduation in 1892 and 1935 he led several expeditions to Central Asia. Year 1892 ( MDCCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Central Asia is a region of Asia from the Caspian Sea in the west to central China in the east and from southern Russia in the north to northern Pakistan in the south In 1902 he was the last Swede ever to be ennobled with a hereditary title. Year 1902 ( MCMII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The Swedish nobility ( Adeln) were historically a legally privileged class in Sweden, part of the so-called Frälse (a classification He was never married, and had no children, so the noble branch of his family is now extinct. He became a member of the Swedish Academy in 1913. The Swedish Academy (Svenska Akademien founded in 1786 by King Gustav III, is one of the Royal Academies of Sweden. Year 1913 ( MCMXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common

Although primarily an explorer, Hedin was also the first to unearth the ruins of ancient Buddhist cities in Chinese Central Asia. In 1899 he discovered the ancient Chinese garrison town of Loulan (Lou-lan) in the Takla-Makan. Loulan or Kroran ( Uyghur Language Kroran } is an ancient Oasis town founded in the second century on the north-eastern edge of the Lop Desert The Taklamakan Desert (Takelamagan Shamo 塔克拉玛干沙漠 also known as Taklimakan, is a Desert in Central Asia, in the Xinjiang Many manuscripts unearthed by him at Loulan proved to be of great historical importance.

In his later expeditions he became the first to map large parts of the Tibetan highlands, and conducted mapping and meteorological research in Eastern Turkestan and Mongolia. Hedin was one of the first European scientific explorers to use native-born scientists and research assistants on his expeditions, treating them on an equal footing with his European colleagues according to their position and experience. Always full of curiosity, Hedin continued his Asian expeditions late into his retirement years, braving numerous wars and conflicts in China and Central Asia along the way. However, like Nikolai Przhevalsky before him, Hedin never reached his ultimate goal: the then forbidden city of Lhasa. Nikolai Mikhaylovich Przhevalsky (prʐɛ'valʲskʲi also spelled Przewalski and Prjevalsky (Никола́й Миха́йлович Пржева́льский Lhasa, ( in English l̥ʰásə or in Tibetan; Chinese: 拉萨 Pinyin: Lāsà sometimes spelled Lasa, is the administrative capital of the

Political views

Residence of Sven Hedin in Stockholm, Norr Mälarstrand 66. Sven Hedin lived in this residence in the years 1935 - 1952.
Residence of Sven Hedin in Stockholm, Norr Mälarstrand 66. Sven Hedin lived in this residence in the years 1935 - 1952.

Being a Germanophile since his days of study in Berlin, Hedin was (together with Queen Victoria of Sweden) a strong advocate for a Swedish alliance with Germany during World War I, and he wrote several books about his experiences from journeys along the front lines. A Germanophile is a person who is fond of German culture, and Germany in general exhibiting as it were German nationalism in spite of not being an Ethnic Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Birth Princess Viktoria was born on August 7, 1862 at the castle in Karlsruhe, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All This attitude caused him to lose several influential friends in England and the USA, notably Lord Kitchener. Field Marshal Horatio Herbert Kitchener 1st Earl Kitchener, KG, KP, GCB, OM

Hedin was a personal friend of Gustav V of Sweden (and his spouse Victoria of Baden) and paid them regular visits. Birth Princess Viktoria was born on August 7, 1862 at the castle in Karlsruhe, Germany. It was he who drafted (together with Carl Bennedich) the so-called borggårdstalet ("the speech at the royal castle") which was read after the peasant armament support march arrived in the royal castle. In this speech the king denounced Karl Staaff's defence policy, which led to the latter's resignation. Karl Albert Staaff ( 21 January 1860 &ndash 4 October 1915) was a Swedish liberal Politician and Lawyer

Influenced by Imperial Russian and later, the Soviet Union's attempts to dominate and control territories outside its borders, especially in Central Asia and Turkestan, Hedin felt that Soviet Russia posed a great threat to the West, and this may be part of the reason why he supported Germany during both World Wars. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Hedin received support from the German airline Lufthansa on at least one of his Central Asian mapping expeditions, and the original publication of his book "Germany and World Peace" was funded by the German government. However, the text included the following lines:

In my blood, every sixteenth drop is of Jewish origin. I cherish this sixteenth drop and I do not want to lose it. (Wallström 1983:265)

The book was banned in Nazi Germany. Although it has never been proved that Hedin supported the Nazis and National Socialism, it is known that he was in contact with Hitler and other prominent Nazi-politicians, and was well aware of the Nazi concentration camps (Danielsson 2005).

Expeditions

Exploring expeditions of Sven Hedin 1886-1935.
Exploring expeditions of Sven Hedin 1886-1935.

Selected Works by Hedin

Bibliography

External links

Preceded by
Hans Hildebrand		 Swedish Academy,
Seat No 6
1913-1952		 Succeeded by
Sten Selander

Hans Hildebrand, born 5 April 1842 in Stockholm and died 2 February 1913 son of Bror Emil Hildebrand and Anna Mathilda Ekecrantz The Swedish Academy (Svenska Akademien founded in 1786 by King Gustav III, is one of the Royal Academies of Sweden. Seat 1 Anders Johan von Höpken, 1786-89 Nils Philip Gyldenstolpe, 1789-1810 Johan Olof Wallin, 1810-39 Anders Fryxell
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