Survival horror is a video game genre in which the player i. See also [[Game classification]] Video games are categorized into Genres based on their Gameplay interaction e. amanuel the genre freak has to survive against often undead or otherwise supernatural enemies, typically in claustrophobic environments and from a third-person perspective. Undead is a collective name for fictional beings that are deceased yet behave as if alive ^[1] The genre makes liberal use of both Western and Japanese horror film elements. J-Horror is a term used to refer to Japanese contributions to Horror fiction in popular culture ^[2][3] The term "survival horror" was first used as a genre for the original Japanese release of Resident Evil (1996),^[4] although the earlier game Alone in the Dark was pioneering in the genre. Notable releases January 29 &mdash Duke Nukem 3D, successor to the simple side-scrolling originals and a genre-redefining title for Alone in the Dark is a 1992 Survival horror game developed by Infogrames. The term has since been often used to describe games of a similar nature, including some that were released before Resident Evil. ^[5]

Contents 1 Themes of survival horror games 2 History 3 References 4 External links

Themes of survival horror games

Survival horror is possibly the only video game genre that is defined by theme as well as gameplay style. A theme, from Old French tesme, is a broad idea in a story or literary work or a message or lesson conveyed by a written text For the television channel see GamePlay HD. Gameplay includes all player experiences during the interaction with game systems especially formal It is most commonly associated with the Resident Evil and Silent Hill game mechanics, though the genre contains titles which borrow heavily from gameplay styles associated with other genres. Silent Hill is a Video game, the first in the Survival horror series with the same name. These games can resemble beat 'em ups, point-and-click adventures, RPGs and first-person shooters. An adventure game is a type of Video game characterized by investigation exploration puzzle-solving, interaction with game characters and a focus on Narrative A console role-playing game is a video game genre that has its origin rooted in Video game consoles and includes game mechanics and frequently settings derived A first-person shooter ( FPS) is an action Video game from the Shooter game The initial development of Maze War They all deal with dark, violent and supernatural themes typical of horror movies. This helps to define the genre more than any specific gameplay mechanic. ^[1]

Survival horror games use puzzle solving and exploration as routes of progression through the game. ^[6][7] The player often must contend with limited supplies such as ammunition and health - hence "survival" horror. ^[8] The player character is often portrayed as being unfamiliar with the area the game takes place, contributing to the feeling of isolation and discomfort in the player. A player character or playable character (PC is a Fictional character in a Video game or Role playing game who is controlled or controllable Some games provide 'safe' rooms or areas, where characters can heal, consult a map or save the game without fear of attack. In some games, even these areas can become corrupted or besieged by enemies, allowing no respite. Survival horror games are also infamous for having several enemies who are capable of killing the player character in just one attack. Most of the enemies in survival horror are usually melee attackers, but overwhelm the player with huge numbers of enemies. More uncommon are enemies which are able to attack from a distance, either by throwing bodily fluids or using firearms.

Most survival horror games are single player only, though a few exceptions have appeared. ^[6] Player characters are typically armed, but rarely as well-armed as characters in other genres such as first-person shooters. Makeshift weapons such as metal pipes, kitchen knives and other implements are often used in place of firearms. The player's goal is generally to escape from an isolated building or town that is overrun by zombies or monsters. zombie is a reanimated human corpse Stories of zombies originated in the Afro-Caribbean spiritual belief system of Vodou, which told of the people being controlled A monster is any of a large number of Legendary creatures which usually appear in Mythology, Legend, or Horror fiction. Enemies can be defeated in combat, though avoiding enemies is often preferred or even necessary in order for the player to progress. ^[6][7]

Game developers use several techniques to unsettle the player and make him/her feel underpowered, with the strength or number of enemies reflecting how well-prepared a player character is. If players control an 'average Joe' type character wielding a makeshift weapon, that character seems more vulnerable, allowing even human-sized monsters in small numbers to threaten the player. The term Average Joe or Average Jane is used in the United States to refer to the average American. Should the player be controlling a soldier armed with firearms, then the enemies will be made larger, more powerful and appear in greater numbers in order to achieve the same effect. ^[8] Many survival horror games feature protagonists who are stereotypical weak females; again this is often the developers trying to make the player feel under-prepared to face countless monsters. ^[9] However, experienced women are also portrayed. The Resident Evil series portrays brave and experienced young women, including a police officer, as part of the cast of protagonists. Resident Evil (known in Japan as) is a Survival horror Video game series and Media franchise consisting of Comic books novelizations

History

The early 1990s saw the introduction of gameplay mechanics found regularly in more modern examples of the genre. The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999 Although the survival horror genre was popularized by Resident Evil,^[10] it was predated by earlier works such as Sweet Home, Clock Tower: The First Fear,^[1] and Alone in the Dark, which clearly had an influence on the creation of Resident Evil. Sweet Home is a Survival horror game that was released for the Nintendo Entertainment System in 1989 that was produced by Capcom. is the first installment of the Survival horror series ''Clock Tower'' created by Human Entertainment for the Super Famicom. Alone in the Dark is a 1992 Survival horror game developed by Infogrames. ^[11][10][2]Alone in the Dark introduced many elements, both graphical and gameplay-related, that were used in Capcom's creation; the use of static prerendered "camera" views as the gameplay field in which dynamically rendered polygonal models would act as the characters and objects, as well as a very similar character movement and combat control scheme would be some of the most similar features. For the original NASA meaning see capsule communicator. is a leading Japanese International developer 3D computer graphics (in contrast to 2D computer graphics) are graphics that use a three-dimensional representation of geometric data that is stored in the computer Alone in the Dark's action scenes were much more sparse, though, and many of the enemies and monsters found across the game couldn't be defeated directly, and had to be avoided or outsmarted, defining the gameplay as more puzzle-oriented. ^[12]

The term "survival horror" was first used by Resident Evil, published in 1996. ^[2] The original Japanese version of Resident Evil was marketed under the previously non-existent Survival horror genre on the game's cover. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. A line of text also displayed the phrase "Enter the world of survival horror. . . " while the game was loading. Sweet Home in particular served as inspiration for Shinji Mikami to create Resident Evil. Sweet Home is a Survival horror game that was released for the Nintendo Entertainment System in 1989 that was produced by Capcom. is a Japanese video game designer best known for creating the Resident Evil Survival horror ^[1]

Some common elements of survival horror games can be found in the 1981 Atari 2600 game Haunted House, which has been considered by some to be the earliest example of the genre^[13], as well as in Infernal Runner, released by Loriciel in 1985 for the Commodore 64 and later on for the Amstrad CPC. The Atari 2600 is a Video game console released in October 1977 Haunted House is an Atari 2600 Video game, first released in the winter of 1982 in which the player (represented by a pair of eyes must navigate Infernal Runner was a Survival horror computer game similar to Lode Runner published by Loriciel in 1985.

Clock Tower and Silent Hill created a group of survival horror games that focus on psychological horror rather than just violence and shock tactics. is the first installment of the Survival horror series ''Clock Tower'' created by Human Entertainment for the Super Famicom. Silent Hill is a Video game, the first in the Survival horror series with the same name. "Psychological horror" is a subgenre of Horror fiction that relies on character fears guilt beliefs and emotional instability to build tension and further the plot This category deemphasizes combat in order to increase the vulnerability of the protagonist and build tension. Suspense is the Feeling of uncertainty and Anxiety about the outcome of certain actions most often referring to an audience's perceptions in a dramatic work ^[7] Similar titles include the Fatal Frame series, Eternal Darkness: Sanity's Requiem and Siren. Fatal Frame, known as Project Zero in Europe and Australia as in Japan, is a Survival horror Video game Eternal Darkness Sanity's Requiem is a Psychological horror Video game originally planned for the Nintendo 64 but later released exclusively known as Forbidden Siren in Europe and Australia, is a stealth-based Survival horror video game developed by Sony Computer ^[9][8]

References

External links

• Survival Horror category from the Open Directory Project
• Chris' Survival Horror Quest - A database of survival horror games
• The Bitter End - Survival Horror news and reviews
• Survival Horror Lives - News on survival horror, focusing on Silent Hill and Resident Evil. The Open Directory Project ( ODP) also known as dmoz (from directory
• Black Sanctuary - Survival Horror site directory

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic