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For the Nintendo game, see Super Mario Land. is a platforming Video game developed by Nintendo for the Game Boy Handheld game console.

Supermarionation (a blend of "super", "marionette" and "animation") is a puppetry technique devised in the 1960s by British production company AP Films. In Linguistics, a blend is a word formed from parts of two other words A puppeteer is a person who manipulates an inanimate object — a Puppet — in real time to create the illusion of life It was used extensively in the company's numerous Gerry and Sylvia Anderson-produced action-adventure series, the most famous of which was Thunderbirds. For a detailed article on collaborations with Sylvia Anderson see Sylvia and Gerry Anderson; the separated strands aren't working - GA is the common thread throughout For complete histories of her work with Gerry Anderson, and of AP Films/Century 21 Productions see the linked articles Thunderbirds is a British mid-1960s television show devised by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and made by AP Films using a form of Puppetry The term was coined by Gerry Anderson, possibly in imitation of Ray Harryhausen's stop motion technique. Ray Harryhausen (born Raymond Frederick Harryhausen on June 29, 1920 in Los Angeles California) is an Academy Award -winning Stop motion (or frame-by-frame) animation is an Animation technique to make a physically manipulated object appear to move on its own

Contents

Development and use in Gerry Anderson productions

The system used marionettes suspended and controlled by thin wires. A marionette is a Puppet controlled from above using strings a marionette's puppeteer is called a manipulator. The fine metal filaments doubled as both suspension-control wires for puppet movement, and as electrical cables that took the control signals to the electronic components concealed in the marionettes' heads.

The heads contained solenoid motors that created the synchronised mouth movements for dialogue and other functions. A solenoid is a three-dimensional Coil. In Physics, the term solenoid refers to a loop of wire often wrapped around a Metallic core which The voice synchronisation was achieved by using a specially designed audio filter which was actuated by the signal from the pre-recorded tapes of the voice actors; this filter would convert the signal into a series of pulses which then travelled down the wire to the solenoids controlling the puppet's lips, creating lip movements that were precisely synchronised with the dialogue.

Because the marionettes could not be made to walk convincingly, most scenes depicted the characters either standing or sitting, or placed them in settings that allowed the use of vehicles and other mechanical transportation systems. The personal hovercraft used in Fireball XL5 and Thunderbirds were one of the devices the producers used to overcome this problem. A hovercraft, or air-cushion vehicle (ACV is an Amphibious vehicle or craft, designed to travel over any sufficiently smooth surface supported by

Occasionally, close-ups of a live actor's hand would be inserted to show actions such as turning keys and pressing buttons. This was affectionately parodied in the 2004 live action feature film Thunderbirds, in which director Jonathan Frakes included a brief shot of a puppet hand, suspended by wires, operating the controls of Thunderbird 2. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Thunderbirds is a 2004 Science fiction - Adventure film based upon the television series of the same name of the 1960s directed Jonathan Scott Frakes (born August 19, 1952) is an American Actor and director best known for his portrayal of Commander Thunderbirds is a British mid-1960s television show devised by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and made by AP Films using a form of Puppetry

The control mechanisms were originally placed within the puppets' heads, which meant the heads had to be disproportionately large compared to the bodies, like many comic strip characters. A comic strip is a sequence of drawings that tells a story Currently in the Western world, most comic strips are written and drawn by a Comics artist The advent of miniaturised electronic components in the mid-1960s meant that, beginning with Captain Scarlet, a new type of puppet was designed, with a correctly-proportioned head and control mechanisms in the chest, connected to the mouth by narrow rods through the neck. This resulted in a far more realistic appearance for the puppets.

In many cases, the puppets were modelled on the actor voicing the role; two good examples are Lady Penelope in Thunderbirds, which closely resembled Sylvia Anderson, and Captain Blue in Captain Scarlet who looks like his voice actor Ed Bishop. Lady Penelope Creighton-Ward is the London agent for the secret organization International Rescue in the hit television series Thunderbirds. Ed Bishop (born George Victor Bishop on 11 June 1932 in the Bay Ridge section of Brooklyn, New York, USA and died Other characters were based on well-known film stars, such as Captain Troy Tempest in Stingray who was based on James Garner, and Captain Scarlet, who was modelled on Cary Grant. James Garner (born April 7 1928 is an American Film and Emmy -award winning Television Actor. Captain Scarlet is the fictional main character in Gerry Anderson 's British Supermarionation Science fiction Television series Stingray also featured the only non-speaking Supermarionation puppet: the mermaid, Marina.

Anderson's 'Supermarionated' television shows:

The term "Supermarionation" was not actually coined until during production of later episodes of Supercar. Four Feather Falls was the third puppet TV show produced by Gerry Anderson for Granada Television from an idea by Barry Gray. Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Supercar was a children's TV show produced by Gerry Anderson and Arthur Provis's AP Films for ATV and ITC Entertainment. Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Fireball XL5 was a Science fiction -themed children's television show produced in Slough, Berkshire, UK in 1962 by the husband and Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Stingray is a children's Marionette Television show created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and produced by AP Films Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Thunderbirds is a British mid-1960s television show devised by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and made by AP Films using a form of Puppetry Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Captain Scarlet and the Mysterons, often referred to as simply Captain Scarlet, is a Science fiction Television series produced Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Joe 90 is a 1968 television series concerning the adventures of a nine-year-old boy Joe McClaine set in the years 2012 - 13. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This article is about the television series For the form of government policing see Secret service. Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. As a result, Four Feather Falls is often omitted from lists of Supermarionation productions.

The Secret Service was actually a hybrid of live-action and Supermarionation, using footage of live actors from a distance to depict driving, walking, etc. Production was cancelled by ITC owner Lew Grade before the pilot episode aired; the 13 completed episodes aired sporadically on ATV and other British broadcasters beginning in 1969. The Incorporated Television Company (ITC is a British television company largely involved in production and distribution Lew Grade Baron Grade (25 December 1906&ndash13 December 1998 born Lev Winogradsky, was an influential Showbusiness Impresario and Television Associated TeleVision Limited, best known simply as ATV, was a British ITV company from 1955 until 1981 Despite the poor reception, Anderson has been quoted as naming The Secret Service as his favorite Supermarionation series.

In 1973, Anderson produced a pilot episode for another Supermarionation/live action hybrid entitled The Investigator but was displeased with the results, so no series resulted. Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. This is the last known occasion in which a full Supermarionation production was mounted.

Two feature films based upon Thunderbirds were also made with Supermarionation: Thunderbirds Are GO (1966) and Thunderbird 6 (1967). This article is about the 1966 movie For the 2004 song by Busted, see Thunderbirds/3am. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Thunderbird 6 is a British Science fiction -adventure motion picture released in 1968 Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar.

Supermacromation

In the early 1980s, Anderson returned to puppetry for the science fiction series Terrahawks. Terrahawks was a Puppet -based Science fiction television series created by Gerry Anderson and Christopher Burr In this show the characters were realised using hand-controlled puppets, mostly controlled from beneath using a system called Supermacromation, which was broadly similar to the techniques developed by Jim Henson. For other uses of "Henson" see Henson. James Maury "Jim" Henson (September 24 1936 &ndash May 16 1990 was one of

Hypermarionation

In 2004, Gerry Anderson produced Gerry Anderson's New Captain Scarlet, which was rendered using computer-generated imagery (CGI) and motion capture techniques. For a detailed article on collaborations with Sylvia Anderson see Sylvia and Gerry Anderson; the separated strands aren't working - GA is the common thread throughout Gerry Andersons New Captain Scarlet (more commonly New Captain Scarlet or NCS is a United Kingdom -produced Computer-generated imagery Computer animation Computer-generated imagery (also known as CGI) is the application of the field of Computer graphics or more specifically 3D computer graphics Motion capture, motion tracking, or mocap are terms used to describe the process of recording movement and translating the movement onto a digital model As a nod to Supermarionation however, the show is promoted as being produced in Hypermarionation.

Supermarionation in non-Gerry Anderson productions

References

  1. ^ Trey Parker and Matt Stone talk Team America: World Police
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