The Summer Olympic Games or the Games of the Olympiad are an international multi-sport event usually Quadrennial, organised by the International Olympic Committee. The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games International or internationally most often describes interaction between Nations or encompassing two or more nations constituting a group or association having A multi-sport event -- 246717740 ( talk) 1859 5 October 2008 (UTC is an organized sporting event often held over multiple days and featuring competition in many The Olympics are the most prestigious such event in the world, though they are not the world's most-watched sporting event - the television audience for the single-sport FIFA World Cup is larger. The FIFA World Cup, occasionally called the Football World Cup, but usually referred to simply as the World Cup, is an international Association football Medals are awarded in each event, with gold medals for first place, silver for second and bronze for third, a tradition which started in 1904. Gold Medal is an Album by American band The Donnas, released in 2004 (see 2004 in music) A Silver medal is a Medal awarded to the second place finisher of contests (typically athletics competitions such as the Olympic Games, For the New York City civilian award go to Bronze Medallion - New York City Award A Bronze medal is a Medal awarded
The Games have expanded from a 42-event competition with fewer than 250 men competing to including over 10,000 competitors of both genders from 202 nations. Organisers for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing expect approximately 10,500 athletes to take part in the 302 events on the programme for the Games. [1] The 2004 Summer Olympics, for which organisers had also expected 10,500 competitors, drew a total of 11,099 in the 301 events offered. The 2004 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad, was an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated
Competitors are entered by a National Olympic Committee (NOC) to represent their country of citizenship. National Olympic Committees (or NOCs) are the national constituents of the worldwide Olympic movement In Political geography and International politics, a country is a Political division of a geographical entity National anthems and flags accompany the medal ceremonies, and tables showing the number of medals won by each country are widely used. A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history traditions and struggles of its people recognized either by a nation's A flag is a piece of Cloth, often flown from a pole or mast, generally used Symbolically for signaling or identification In general only recognised nations are represented, but a few sovereign-disputed countries are allowed to take part.
The United States has hosted the most Summer Olympics games, hosting four. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United Kingdom will have hosted three Summer Olympics games, all in London, when they return to the British capital in 2012. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Australia, France, Germany and Greece have all hosted the Summer Olympic Games twice. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Countries that have hosted the Summer Olympics once are: Belgium, Canada, Finland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, South Korea, Spain, the Soviet Union and Sweden. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Finland, officially the Republic of Finland ( is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. China will host the Summer Olympics for the first time in Beijing in 2008. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Four cities have hosted two Summer Olympic Games: Los Angeles, London, Paris and Athens. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's
Five countries - Australia, France, Great Britain, Greece and Switzerland - have sent teams to every single Summer Olympic Games. The only country to have won at least one gold medal at every Summer Olympic Games is Great Britain, ranging from one gold in 1904, 1952 and 1996 to fifty-six golds in 1908.
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Qualification
Qualification rules for each of the Olympic sports are set by the International Federation (IF) that governs that sport's international competition. A sport governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function
For individual sports, competitors typically qualify through attaining a certain place in a major international event or on the IF's ranking list. National Olympic Committees may enter a limited number of qualified competitors in each event (3 is a common number), and the NOC decides which qualified competitors to select as representatives in each event if more have attained the benchmark than can be entered. Many events provide for a certain number of wildcard entries, given to athletes from developing nations.
Nations qualify teams for team sports through continental qualifying tournaments, in which each continental association is given a certain number of spots in the Olympic tournament. The host nation is generally given an automatic qualification.
History
The early years
The modern Olympic Games were founded in 1894 when Pierre Fredi, Baron de Coubertin sought to promote international understanding through sporting competition. The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games Pierre de Frédy Baron de Coubertin (1 January 1863 &ndash 2 September 1937 was a French Pedagogue and historian who is best known as the founder of the He based his Olympics on the Wenlock Olympian Society Annual Games, which had been contested in Much Wenlock since 1850. The Wenlock Olympian Society Annual Games are usually held every year in Much Wenlock in Shropshire, England. Much Wenlock, earlier known simply as " Wenlock " ("White Place" in Celtic ("Gwyn-loc" is a small town in central Shropshire, England [2] The first edition of de Coubertin's games, held in Athens in 1896, attracted just 245 competitors, of whom more than 200 were Greek, and only 14 countries were represented. The 1896 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the I Olympiad, were an International Nevertheless, no international events of this magnitude had been organized before. Female athletes were not allowed to compete, though one woman, Stamata Revithi, ran the marathon course on her own, saying "[i]f the committee doesn’t let me compete I will go after them regardless". Stamata Revithi (Σταμάτα Ρεβίθη (1866 &ndash after 1896 was a Greek woman who ran the Marathon course of during the 1896 Summer Olympics [3]
Four years later the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris attracted more than four times as many athletes, including 11 women, who were allowed to officially compete for the first time, in croquet, golf, sailing, and tennis. The 1900 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the II Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1900 in Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Croquet is a Game played both as a recreational Pastime and as a competitive Sport which involves hitting wooden or plastic balls with a mallet through Sailing is the art of controlling a Sailing vessel. By changing the Rigging, Rudder and dagger or centre board a Sailor manages the force Tennis is a sport played between two players ( singles) or between two teams of two players each ( doubles) The Games were integrated with the Paris World's Fair and lasted over 5 months. Expo (short for "exposition" and also known as World Fair and World's Fair) is the name given to various large public exhibitions held since the It is still disputed which events exactly were Olympic, since few or maybe even none of the events were advertised as such at the time.
Numbers declined again for the 1904 Games in St. Louis, Missouri, USA, due in part to the lengthy transatlantic boat trip required of the European competitors, and the integration with the Louisiana Purchase Exposition World's Fair, which again spread the event out over an extended period. The 1904 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the III Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in St Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Louisiana Purchase Exposition, informally known as the Saint Louis World's Fair, was an international exposition held in St Expo (short for "exposition" and also known as World Fair and World's Fair) is the name given to various large public exhibitions held since the In contrast with Paris 1900, the word Olympic was used for practically every contest, including those exclusively for school boys or for Irish-Americans.
A series of smaller games were held in Athens in 1906. These were to be the first of an alternating series of games to be held in Athens, but the series failed to materialise. The games were held in 1906 to celebrate the "tenth birthday" of the games. The IOC does not currently recognise these games as being official Olympic Games, although many historians do. The 1906 Athens games, which had over 900 athletes competing, were more successful than the 1900 and 1904 games and contributed positively to the success of future games.
The 1908 London Games saw numbers rise again, as well as the first running of the marathon over its now-standard distance of 42. The 1908 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the IV Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was held in 1908 in London The marathon is a long-distance foot race with an official distance of 42 195 km (26 miles 385 yards). This distance was chosen to ensure that the race finished in front of the box occupied by the British royal family. The marathon had been 40 km for the first games in 1896, but was subsequently varied by up to 2 km due to local conditions such as street and stadium layout. At the six Olympic games between 1900 and 1920, the marathon was raced over six different distances.
At the end of the 1908 marathon the Italian runner Dorando Pietri was first to enter the stadium, but he was clearly in distress, and collapsed of exhaustion before he could complete the event. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Dorando Pietri, often wrongly spelled Petri ( October 16, 1885 - February 7, 1942) was an Italian athlete famous for his He was helped over the finish line by concerned race officials, but later he was disqualified and the gold medal was awarded to John Hayes, who had trailed him by around 30 seconds. John ("Johnny" Joseph Hayes ( April 10, 1886 &ndash August 25, 1965) was an American athlete, a member
The Games continued to grow, attracting 2,504 competitors, to Stockholm in 1912, including the great all-rounder Jim Thorpe, who won both the decathlon and pentathlon. The 1912 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the V Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1912 in Jacobus Franciscus "Jim" Thorpe ( Sac and Fox (Sauk: Wa-Tho-Huk) (28 May 1888 – 28 March 1953 was an American athlete Thorpe had previously played a few games of baseball for a fee, and saw his medals stripped for this breach of amateurism after complaints from his own country men. Amateurism (from Fr amateur "lover of" from OFr from L They were reinstated in 1983, 30 years after his death. The Games at Stockholm were the first to fulfill Pierre de Coubertin's original idea. For the first time since the Games started in 1896 were all continents represented with athletes competing in the same stadium.
The scheduled Berlin Games of 1916 were cancelled following the onset of World War I. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All
The interwar era
The 1920 Antwerp games in war-ravaged Belgium were a subdued affair, but again drew a record number of competitors. ||-||-||-||} Antwerp ( Dutch:, French: Anvers) is a City and Municipality in Belgium and the capital of the The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those This record only stood until 1924, when the Paris Games would involve 3,000 competitors, the greatest of whom was Finnish runner Paavo Nurmi. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Paavo Johannes Nurmi ( ( 13 June 1897 &ndash 2 October 1973) was a Finnish runner. "The Flying Finn", won three team gold medals and the individual 1,500 and 5,000 meter runs, the latter two on the same day. "The Flying Finn " (Lentävä suomalainen was a nickname given to several Finnish middle and long-distance runners
The 1928 Amsterdam games were notable for being the first games which allowed females to compete at track & field athletics, and benefited greatly from the general prosperity of the times alongside the first appearance of sponsorship of the games, from Coca-Cola. Amsterdam (pronounced) is the capital and largest city of the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland in the west Coca-Cola is a carbonated Soft drink sold in stores restaurants and Vending machines in more than 200 countries This was in stark contrast to 1932 when the Los Angeles games were affected by the Great Depression, which contributed to the fewest competitors since the St. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Louis games.
The 1936 Berlin Games were seen by the German government as a golden opportunity to promote their ideology. The 1936 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XI Olympiad, an International Multi-sport event which was held in 1936 in Berlin The ruling Nazi Party commissioned film-maker Leni Riefenstahl to film the games. Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German Helene Bertha Amalie "Leni" Riefenstahl ( August 22 1902 – September 8 2003) was a German Film director The result, Olympia, was a masterpiece, despite Hitler's theories of Aryan racial superiority being repeatedly shown up by "non-Aryan" athletes. Olympia is a 1938 film by Leni Riefenstahl documenting the 1936 Summer Olympics, held in the Olympic Stadium in Berlin Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately The " Aryan race " is a concept in European culture that was influential in the period of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries In particular, African-American sprinter and long jumper Jesse Owens won 4 gold medals. James Cleveland "Jesse" Owens ( September 12, 1913 – March 31, 1980) was an American track and field athlete The tale of Hitler snubbing Owens at the ensuing medal ceremony is a fabrication. [4]
Due to World War II, the Games of 1940 (due to be held in Tokyo and temporarily relocated to Helsinki upon the outbreak of war) were cancelled. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū. Helsinki (in Finnish;) or Helsingfors (in Swedish;) is the Capital and largest city of Finland. The Games of 1944 were due to be held in London but were also cancelled; instead, London hosted the first games after the end of the war, in 1948. The anticipated 1944 Summer Olympics, which were to be officially known as the Games of the XIII Olympiad, were cancelled due to World War II. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The 1948 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XIV Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was held in London
After WWII
The first post-war Games were held in 1948 in London, with both Germany and Japan excluded. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Dutch sprinter Fanny Blankers-Koen won four gold medals on the track, emulating Owens' achievement in Berlin. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Francina ("Fanny" Elsje Blankers-Koen ( Lage Vuursche, 26 April 1918 &ndash Hoofddorp, 25 January 2004)
At the 1952 Games in Helsinki the USSR team competed for the first time and at once became one of the dominant teams. Helsinki (in Finnish;) or Helsingfors (in Swedish;) is the Capital and largest city of Finland. The Soviet Union first participated at the Olympic Games in 1952 and competed at the Games on 18 occasions since then Finland made a legend of an amiable Czech army lieutenant named Emil Zátopek, who was intent on improving on his single gold and silver medals from 1948. Emil Zátopek ( pronounced) (September 19 1922 &ndash November 22 2000 was a Czech athlete probably best known for his amazing feat of winning Having first won both the 10,000 and 5,000 metre races, he also entered the marathon, despite having never previously raced at that distance. Pacing himself by chatting with the other leaders, Zátopek led from about half way, slowly dropping the remaining contenders to win by two and a half minutes, and completed a trio of wins.
The 1956 Melbourne Games were largely successful, barring a water polo match between Hungary and the Soviet Union, which political tensions caused to end as a pitched battle between the teams. Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 Water polo is a team water sport A team consists of six field players and one Goalkeeper. Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic The "Blood In The Water" match (in Hungarian Melbourne-i vérfürdő, "Blood Bath" of Melbourne was a Water polo match between Due to a foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in Britain at the time and the strict quarantine laws of Australia, the equestrian events were held in Stockholm.
The 1960 Rome Games saw the arrival on the world scene of a young light-heavyweight boxer named Cassius Clay, later known as Muhammad Ali, who would later throw his gold medal away in disgust after being refused service in a whites-only restaurant in his home town, Louisville, KY. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Biography Early life Cassius Clay Jr was born on January 17 1942 The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws enacted primarily but not exclusively in the Southern and border states of the United States between 1876 and 1965 Soviet women's artistic gymnastics team members won 15 of 16 possible medals. Artistic gymnastics is a discipline of Gymnastics. Competitive gymnasts perform short routines (ranging from approximately 30 to 90 Seconds on different apparatus Other performers of note in 1960 included Wilma Rudolph, a gold medallist in the 100 metres, 200 metres and 4x100 metre relay events. Wilma Glodean Rudolph ( June 23, 1940 &ndash November 12, 1994) was an American athlete and in the 1960 Summer Olympics
The 1964 Games held in Tokyo are notable for heralding the modern age of telecommunications. officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū. These games were the first to be broadcast worldwide on television, enabled by the recent advent of communication satellites. The 1964 Games were thus a turning point in the global visibility and popularity of the Olympics.
Performances at the 1968 Mexico City games were affected by the altitude of the host city. Mexico City (in Spanish: Ciudad de México, México DF, México or simply Méjico) is the Capital city of Mexico [5] No event was affected more than the long jump. American athlete Bob Beamon jumped 8. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Robert "Bob" Beamon (born August 29, 1946) is an American former Track and field athlete best known for his long-standing 90 metres, setting a new world record and, in the words of fellow competitor and then-reigning champion Lynn Davies, "making the rest of us look silly. Lynn Davies CBE (born May 20, 1942 in Nantymoel near Bridgend, Wales) was captain of the British Olympic Long " Beamon's world record would stand for 23 years. The 1968 Games also saw the introduction of the now-universal Fosbury flop, a technique which won American high jumper Dick Fosbury the gold medal. The Fosbury Flop is a style used in the athletics event of High jump. Richard Douglas ("Dick" Fosbury (born March 6, 1947) is an American athlete who revolutionized the High jump using Politics took centre stage in the medal ceremony for the men's 200 metre dash, where Tommie Smith and John Carlos made a protest gesture on the podium against the segregation in the United States; their political act was condemned within the Olympic Movement, but was praised in the American Civil Rights Movement. For others with a similar name see Tommy Smith. Tommie Smith (born June 5, 1944) is an African American former John Wesley Carlos (born June 5, 1945 in Harlem New York) is an African American former Track and field athlete and professional Raised Fist is a Swedish hardcore band formed in 1993. The name "Raised Fist" came as an idea from the Rage Against The American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968 refers to the reform movements in the United States aimed at abolishing racial discrimination against African
Politics again intervened at Munich in 1972, with lethal consequences. Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. The Munich massacre occurred during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany, when members of the Israeli Olympic team were taken A Palestinian terrorist group named Black September invaded the Olympic village and broke into the apartment of the Israeli delegation. The Black September Organization (منظمة أيلول الأسود munazzamat aylul al-aswad) was a Palestinian militant group founded in 1970 They killed two Israelis and held 9 others as hostages. The terrorists demanded that Israel release numerous prisoners. When the Israeli government refused their demand, a tense stand-off ensued while negotiations continued. Eventually the captors, still holding their hostages, were offered safe passage and taken to an airport, where they were ambushed by German security forces. In the firefight that followed, 15 people, including the nine Israeli athletes and five of the terrorists, were killed. After much debate, it was decided that the Games would continue, but proceedings were obviously dominated by these events. [6] Some memorable athletic achievements did occur during these Games, notably the winning of a record seven gold medals by United States swimmer Mark Spitz, Lasse Viren's, of Finland, back to back gold in the 5,000 meters and 10,000 meters, defeating American distance great Steve Prefontaine in the former, and the winning of three gold medals by 16-year-old Soviet gymnast Olga Korbut, who, however failed to win the all-around to her teammate Ludmilla Tourischeva. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Mark Andrew Spitz (born February 10 1950 is a retired American Swimmer, best known for winning seven gold medals at the 1972 Munich Olympic Games Lasse Artturi Virén (born July 22, 1949) is a former Finnish athlete, winner of four gold medals at the 1972 Summer Olympics and Steve Roland Prefontaine (January 25 1951 &ndash May 30 1975 (nicknamed Pre) was an American middle and long-distance runner. Olga Valentinovna Korbut ( Belarusian: Вольга Валянцінаўна Корбут, Volha Valancinaŭna Korbut; Russian: Ольга Ludmilla Ivanovna Tourischeva (Russian Людми́ла Ива́новна Тури́щева alternate spellings Ludmilla Turischeva Ludmilla Tourischcheva Ljudmila
There was no such tragedy in Montreal in 1976, but bad planning led to the Games' cost far exceeding the budget. Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec The Montreal Games are the most expensive in Olympic history, costing over $5 billion (equivalent to $20 billion in 2006). For a time, it seemed that the Olympics might no longer be a viable financial proposition. There was also a boycott by African nations to protest against a recent tour of apartheid-run South Africa by a New Zealand rugby side. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The Romanian gymnast Nadia Comăneci won the women's individual all around gold medal with two of four possible perfect scores, thus giving birth to a gymnastics dynasty in Romania. Nadia Elena Comăneci (originally Comăneci /komə'neʧʲ/ born November 12 1961 is a Romanian gymnast, winner of five Olympic gold medals Another female gymnast to earn the perfect score and three gold medals there was Nellie Kim of the USSR. Nellie Vladimirovna Kim ( Russian: rus Нелли Владимировна Ким b Lasse Viren repeated his double gold in the 5,000 meters and 10,000 meters, making him the only athlete to ever win the distance double twice. Lasse Artturi Virén (born July 22, 1949) is a former Finnish athlete, winner of four gold medals at the 1972 Summer Olympics and
End of the 20th century
Following the Soviet Union's participation to the Afghan Civil War, 66 nations, including the United States, Canada, West Germany and Japan, boycotted the 1980 games held in Moscow. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The Civil war in Afghanistan, also known as Afghan Civil War, began in 1978 and has continued Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of Notably, Greece, Great Britain and Australia did not withdraw, and remain the only nations to have competed in all summer games. The boycott contributed to the 1980 Games being a less publicised and less competitive affair, which was dominated by the host country.
In 1984 the Soviet Union, and 14 Eastern Bloc countries, reciprocated by boycotting the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. During the Cold War, the term Communist Bloc (or Soviet Bloc) was used to refer to the Soviet Union and countries it either controlled or that were The 1984 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXIII Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Los Angeles, Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West These games were perhaps the first games of a new era to make a profit. The games were again viable, but had become more commercial. Again, without the participation of the Eastern Bloc, the 1984 Games were dominated by their host country.
The 1988 Seoul games were very well planned but the games were sadly tainted when many of the athletes, most notably men's 100 metres winner Ben Johnson, failed mandatory drug tests. Seoul ( soʊl is the Capital and largest City of South Korea. Benjamin Sinclair "Ben" Johnson CM (b December 30, 1961) is a Canadian former sprinter, who enjoyed a high-profile For the episode of the American television series The Office, see " Drug Testing " Despite splendid drug-free performances by many individuals, the number of people who failed screenings for performance-enhancing chemicals overshadowed the games.
On the bright side, drug testing and regulation authorities were catching up with the cheating that had been endemic in athletics for some years. The 1992 Barcelona Games were cleaner, although not without incident. Barcelona ( Catalan bəɾsəˈlonə Spanish baɾθeˈlona is the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia In evidence there was increased professionalism amongst Olympic athletes, exemplified by US basketball's "Dream Team". The United States men's national basketball team is the representative for the United States of America in international men's Basketball. 1992 also saw the reintroduction to the Games of several smaller European states which had been incorporated into the Soviet Union since World War II. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991
By then the process of choosing a location for the Games had itself become a commercial concern; allegations of corruption rocked the International Olympic Committee, in particular with reference to Salt Lake City's bid to host the 2002 Winter Olympics. The 2002 Olympic Winter Games bid scandal was a Scandal involving allegations of Bribery to obtain the 2002 Olympic Salt Lake City is the Capital and the most populous city of the U The 2002 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XIX Olympic Winter Games were a Winter Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 2002 It was also widely rumoured that The Coca-Cola Company, a key IOC sponsor, was highly influential in the 1996 Summer Olympics being hosted by its home city of Atlanta. The Coca-Cola Company ( is the world's largest beverage company largest manufacturer distributor and marketer of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and Syrups in the world The 1996 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXVI Olympiad and unofficially known as the Centennial Olympics, were an International In the stadium in 1996, the highlight was 200 metres runner Michael Johnson annihilating the world record in front of a home crowd. Sprints are short running races in athletics. They are roughly classified as events in which top runners will not have to "pace themselves" but can run as fast as Michael Duane Johnson (born September 13 1967 in Canadians savoured Donovan Bailey's record-breaking gold medal run in the 100-metre dash. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Donovan Bailey (born December 16, 1967) is a retired Canadian sprinter who once held the world record for the 100 metre race following This was popularly felt to be an appropriate recompense for the previous national disgrace involving Ben Johnson. There were also emotional scenes, such as when Muhammad Ali, clearly affected by Parkinson's disease, lit the Olympic torch and received a replacement medal for the one he had discarded in 1960. Biography Early life Cassius Clay Jr was born on January 17 1942 Parkinson's disease (also known as Parkinson disease or PD) is a degenerative disorder of the Central nervous system that often impairs the sufferer's The latter event took place not at the boxing ring but in the basketball arena, at the demand of US television. The atmosphere at the Games was marred however when a bomb exploded during the celebration in Centennial Park. The Centennial Olympic Park bombing was a terrorist Bombing on July 27, 1996 in Atlanta Georgia during the 1996 Summer In June 2003, the principal suspect in this bombing, Eric Robert Rudolph, was captured. Eric Robert Rudolph (born September 19, 1966) also known as the Olympic Park Bomber, is an American radical described by the FBI as a Terrorist
A new millennium
The 2000 Games were held in Sydney, Australia, and showcased individual performances by local favourite Ian Thorpe in the pool, Briton Steve Redgrave who won a rowing gold medal in an unprecedented fifth consecutive Olympics, and Cathy Freeman, an Indigenous Australian whose triumph in the 400 metres united a packed stadium and provided a bridge between white and Indigenous Australians. Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Ian James Thorpe OAM (born 13 October 1982 in Sydney, New South Wales) also known as the Thorpedo or Thorpey Sir Stephen Geoffrey Redgrave CBE (born on 23 March, 1962, in Marlow) is a British Rower who won gold medals at five Catherine Astrid Salome Freeman, OAM (known as Cathy Freeman) (born 16 February 1973 is an Australian sprinter who is particularly associated with Indigenous Australians are descendants of the first known human inhabitants of the Australian continent and its nearby islands. Sprints are short running races in athletics. They are roughly classified as events in which top runners will not have to "pace themselves" but can run as fast as Eric "the Eel" Moussambani, a swimmer from Equatorial Guinea, had a memorably slow 100 metre freestyle swim that showed that, even in the commercial world of the twentieth century, some of de Coubertin's original vision still remained. Eric Moussambani (born May 31 1978) is a Swimmer from Equatorial Guinea. The Republic of Equatorial Guinea ( República de Guinea Ecuatorial,) is a country in Central Africa. The Sydney Games were also memorable for the first appearance of a joint North and South Korean contingent (to a standing ovation) at the opening ceremonies, even if they competed as different countries.
2004 saw the Games return to their birthplace in Athens, Greece. Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Greece spent at least $7. 2 billion on the Games, including $1. 5 billion on security alone. The games were praised and appreciated for their excellent quality in terms of organization, hospitality, symbolism, the level of the competition and athleticism, and the overall image transmitted worldwide. Although unfounded and wildly sensationalized reports of potential terrorism drove crowds away from the preliminary competitions of first weekend of the games (August 14-15), attendance picked up soon thereafter as the games progressed, the competitions got underway, and the terrorist attacks and security glitches failed to materialize. The Athens Games witnessed all NOCs participate for the first time since 1996, and the largest ever — with 202 NOCs and over 11,000 participants.
The 2008 Summer Olympics are to be held in Beijing, China. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Several new events, including the new discipline of BMX for both men and women, are to be held. BMX ( Bicycle Motocross) is a form of Cycling on specially designed bicycles which usually have 20 inch wheels For the first time, women will compete in the steeplechase. The steeplechase is an obstacle race in athletics, which derives its name from the steeplechase in horse racing The fencing programme will be expanded to include all six events for both men and women. Women had not previously been able to compete in team foil or sabre events. Marathon swimming events, over the distance of 10 kilometres, will be added. In addition, the doubles events in table tennis will be replaced by team events. [1]
London, United Kingdom will hold the 2012 Summer Olympics, making London the only city to host the Games three times. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The International Olympic Committee has removed baseball and softball from the 2012 programme. Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each Softball is a team Sport popular especially in the United States. However, it may be re-added in programmes in later years. The International Olympic Committe has announced that the finalists to host the 2016 Summer Olympics are Chicago, USA, Tokyo, Japan, Madrid, Spain, and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Madrid (pronounced in English in Spanish and colloquially in Spain) is the Capital and largest city of Spain. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Rio de Janeiro ("River of January" ˈhiw dʒi ʒʌˈnejɾu in Brazilian Portuguese, /ˈriːoʊ di ʒəˈnɛroʊ/ in English is the second largest city of Brazil |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld
List of Olympic sports
42 different sports, spanning 56 different disciplines, have been part of the Olympic programme at one point or another. The Olympic sports comprise all the Sports contested in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. 28 sports have comprised the schedule for the 2000, 2004, and 2008 Summer Olympics, though baseball and softball have been removed to give a list of 26 for the 2012 Games. "I am proud and happy to proclaim that you have presented to the world the best Olympic Games ever The 2004 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad, was an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated [7]
The Summer Olympic Sports or Federations are regrouped under a common umbrella association, called the Association of Summer Olympic Federations (ASOIF). The Association of Summer Olympic Federations (ASOIF is a non-profit association that regroups the International (sport Federations (IFs that are part of the (Summer Olympic Programme ( List
| Sport | Years | Sport | Years | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Archery | 1900-1912, 1920, since 1972 | Modern pentathlon | since 1912 | |
| Athletics | all | Polo | 1900, 1908, 1920, 1924, 1936 | |
| Badminton | since 1992 | Rackets | 1908 | |
| Baseball | 1992-2008 | Roque | 1904 | |
| Basketball | since 1936 | Rowing | since 1900 | |
| Basque pelota | 1900 | Rugby union | 1900, 1908, 1920, 1924 | |
| Boxing | 1904, 1908, since 1920 | Sailing | 1900, since 1908 | |
| Canoeing | since 1936 | Shooting | 1896, 1900, 1908-1924, since 1932 | |
| Cricket | 1900 | Softball | 1996-2008 | |
| Croquet | 1900 | Swimming | all | |
| Cycling | all | Synchronized swimming | since 1984 | |
| Diving | since 1904 | Table tennis | since 1988 | |
| Equestrian | 1900, since 1912 | Taekwondo | since 2000 | |
| Fencing | all | Tennis | 1896-1924, since 1988 | |
| Football (soccer) | 1900-1928, since 1936 | Triathlon | since 2000 | |
| Golf | 1900, 1904 | Tug of war | 1900-1920 | |
| Gymnastics | all | Volleyball | since 1964 | |
| Handball | 1936, since 1972 | Water motorsports | 1908 | |
| Hockey (field) | 1908, 1920, since 1928 | Water polo | 1900, since 1908 | |
| Jeu de paume | 1908 | Weightlifting | 1896, 1904, since 1920 | |
| Judo | 1964, since 1972 | Wrestling | 1896, since 1904 | |
| Lacrosse | 1904, 1908 | |||
List of modern Summer Olympic Games
Note: Although the Games of 1916, 1940, and 1944 had been cancelled, the Roman numerals for those Games were still used because the Summer Games' official titles count Olympiads, not the Games themselves; those Olympiads occurred anyway per the Olympic Charter. Archery had its debut at the 1900 Summer Olympics and has been contested in 13 Olympiads At the 1900 Summer Olympics, six of the Archery events that took place in Paris, France were considered Olympic with 153 archers Archery at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp marked the return of the sport after a 12-year absence following it not being contested in the 1912 Archery at the 1972 Summer Olympics consisted of two medal events one for men and one for women Modern pentathlon is a sports contest created especially for the Summer Olympic Games by the founder of the modern Games Athletics, known as Track and Field in the United States has been contested at every Summer Olympics since the birth of the modern Olympic movement at Polo was introduced in the Summer Olympics at the 1900 Games. Badminton had its debut at the 1992 Summer Olympics and has been contested in 4 Olympiads At the 1908 Summer Olympics, two rackets events were contested Baseball at the Summer Olympics had its unofficial debut at the 1904 Summer Games and has been contested in 12 Olympiads (including At the 1904 Summer Olympics in St Louis, a Roque tournament was contested Basketball has been played consistently at the Summer Olympic Games since 1936 with demonstration events in 1904 and 1924 Rowing at the Summer Olympics has been part of the competition since the 1900 Summer Olympics. At the 1900 Summer Olympics, a Basque pelota tournament was contested Rugby union has been a men's medal sport at the modern Summer Olympic Games, being played at four of the first seven competitions Boxing has been contested at every Summer Olympic Games since its introduction to the program at the 1904 Summer Sailing (or yachting) was introduced as an Olympic sport at the 1900 Summer Olympics, in Paris, France, as a men's competition Canoeing / Kayaking has been featured as a sport in the Summer Olympic Games since the 1936 Games Shooting sports have been contested at every Summer Olympic Games since the birth of the modern Olympic movement at the At the 1900 Summer Olympics, a Cricket tournament was contested Softball was introduced as an Olympic sport for women (only in the 1996 Summer Olympics. At the 1900 Summer Olympics, three Croquet events were contested Swimming has been a sport at every modern Summer Olympics. It has been open to women since 1912. Cycling has been contested at every Summer Olympic Games since the birth of the modern Olympic movement at the 1896 Synchronized swimming has been contested at the Summer Olympics since the 1984 Games. Diving was first introduced in the official programme of the Summer Olympic Games at the Table tennis competition has been in the Summer Olympic Games since 1988, with singles and doubles events Equestrianism made its Summer Olympics debut at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, France Taekwondo has been part of the Summer Olympic Games since the 2000 Games, after being a Demonstration Fencing has been contested at every Summer Olympic Games since the birth of the modern Olympic movement at the 1896 Tennis (lawn tennis was part of the Summer Olympic Games program from the inaugural 1896 Summer Olympics, but was dropped after the 1924 Association football, usually known simply as football or soccer has been included in every Olympiad except 1896 and 1932 as a men's competition sport Triathlon had its Summer Olympics debut at the 2000 Games, in Sydney, and has been contested since then Golf was featured in the Summer Olympic Games official programme in 1900 and 1904. Tug of war was contested as a team event in the Summer Olympics at every Olympiad from 1900 to 1920 Gymnastics has been contested at every Summer Olympic Games since the birth of the modern Olympic movement at the Volleyball has been contested as an indoor sport at the Summer Olympic Games since 1964. Team Handball was introduced as an Olympic sport for men at the 1936 Summer Olympics, in Berlin, but dropped after that At the 1908 Summer Olympics, three Motorboat racing events were contested For Olympic ice hockey see Ice hockey at the Olympic Games Field hockey (sometimes referred to as simply hockey Water polo has been part of the Summer Olympics program since the second games in 1900. Jeu de paume was an event contested at the 1908 Summer Olympics. Weightlifting has been contested at every Summer Olympic Games since the 1920 Summer Olympics, as well as Judo was first included in the Summer Olympic Games at the 1964 Games in Tokyo, Japan Wrestling has been contested at every Summer Olympic Games since the birth of the modern Olympic movement at the Lacrosse has been contested at two editions of the Summer Olympic Games, 1904 and 1908. An Olympiad is a period of four years associated with the Olympic Games of Classical Greece. This is in contrast to the Roman numerals in the official titles of the Winter Olympic Games, which ignore the cancelled Winter Games of 1940 & 1944; those titles count Games instead of Olympiads. The Winter Olympic Games are a winter Multi-sport event held every four years
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References
- ^ a b "Beijing 2008: Games Programme Finalised", International Olympic Committee, 2006-04-27. The 1896 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the I Olympiad, were an International Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία The 1900 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the II Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1900 in Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The 1904 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the III Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in St Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The 1908 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the IV Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was held in 1908 in London London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The 1912 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the V Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1912 in ('stɔkhɔlm is Sweden 's Capital and its largest City. It is the site of the national Swedish government, the parliament, and the "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. The anticipated 1916 Summer Olympics, which were to be officially known as the Games of the VI Olympiad, were to have been held in Berlin, Germany. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All The 1920 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the VII Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1920 ||-||-||-||} Antwerp ( Dutch:, French: Anvers) is a City and Municipality in Belgium and the capital of the The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those The 1924 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the VIII Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1924 in Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The 1928 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the IX Olympiad, was an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1928 Amsterdam (pronounced) is the capital and largest city of the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland in the west The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands The 1932 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the X Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1932 Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The 1936 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XI Olympiad, an International Multi-sport event which was held in 1936 in Berlin Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The anticipated 1940 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XII Olympiad and originally scheduled to be held from September 21 to October 6 officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Helsinki (in Finnish;) or Helsingfors (in Swedish;) is the Capital and largest city of Finland. Finland, officially the Republic of Finland ( is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The anticipated 1944 Summer Olympics, which were to be officially known as the Games of the XIII Olympiad, were cancelled due to World War II. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The 1948 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XIV Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was held in London London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The 1952 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XV Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Helsinki, Finland Helsinki (in Finnish;) or Helsingfors (in Swedish;) is the Capital and largest city of Finland. Finland, officially the Republic of Finland ( is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. The 1956 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XVI Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was held in Melbourne Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. ('stɔkhɔlm is Sweden 's Capital and its largest City. It is the site of the national Swedish government, the parliament, and the "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Equestrianism made its Summer Olympics debut at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, France The 1960 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XVII Olympiad, was an International Multi-sport event held in Rome, Italy Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The 1964 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XVIII Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Tokyo, Japan officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The 1968 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XIX Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Mexico City Mexico City (in Spanish: Ciudad de México, México DF, México or simply Méjico) is the Capital city of Mexico The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. The 1972 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XX Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Munich, in what was Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. West Germany ( Inf German: Westdeutschland or West-Deutschland) was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany ( The 1976 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXI Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Montreal, Quebec Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The 1980 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXII Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Moscow in the Soviet Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The 1984 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXIII Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Los Angeles, Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The 1988 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXIV Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event staged in 1988 in Seoul ( soʊl is the Capital and largest City of South Korea. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː The 1992 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXV Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Barcelona, Barcelona ( Catalan bəɾsəˈlonə Spanish baɾθeˈlona is the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The 1996 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXVI Olympiad and unofficially known as the Centennial Olympics, were an International The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule The United States of America —commonly referred to as the "I am proud and happy to proclaim that you have presented to the world the best Olympic Games ever Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The 2004 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad, was an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated Retrieved on 2006-05-10. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1291 - Scottish Nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England.
- ^ Jeffrey, Ben. "Father of the modern Olympics", British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved on 2006-05-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance.
- ^ Tarasouleas, Athanasios (Summer 1993). "The Female Spiridon Loues". Citius, Altius, Fortius 1 (3): 11-12.
- ^ German Myth: Hitler and Jesse Owens. German Misnomers, Myths and Mistakes. About, Inc. Retrieved on 2006-05-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance.
- ^ Games of the XIX Olympiad (British English). Olympic Games. International Olympic Committee. Retrieved on 2006-05-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance.
- ^ Games of the XX Olympiad (British English). Olympic Games. International Olympic Committee. Retrieved on 2006-05-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance.
- ^ "Fewer sports for London Olympics", BBC Sport, British Broadcasting Corporation, 2005-07-08. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 939 - The Major Occultation or Ghaybat el-Kubra of Muhammad al-Mahdi 1099 - First Crusade: 15000 Retrieved on 2006-05-05. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John
See also
- List of participating nations at the Summer Olympic Games
- All-time Olympic Games medal count
- Olympic Games scandals
- Winter Olympic Games
- Olympic stadium
- Multi-sport event
External links
- Official Site of the 2008 Summer Olympic Games (in Chinese)
- Official Site of the 2008 Summer Olympic Games (in English)
- Official Site of the 2012 Summer Olympic Games
- Official Site of the Olympic Movement
- Summer Olympic Games medalists and records (German)
- Candidate Cities for future Olympic Games
- Amateur Athletic Foundation archive of Official Reports
- Host cities for future Olympic Games
- Aerial and Satellite Photography of Olympic Stadiums
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