Citizendia
Your Ad Here

The Summa Logicae is a textbook on logic by William of Ockham. Logic is the study of the principles of valid demonstration and Inference. William of Ockham (also Occam, Hockham, or any of several other spellings ˈɒkəm (c It was written around 1323.

Systematically, it resembles other works of medieval logic, organised under the basic headings of the Aristotelian Predicables, Categories, terms, propositions, and syllogisms. Predicables (Lat praedicabilis that which may be stated or affirmed sometimes called quinque voces or five words) is in scholastic logic, a term applied In Metaphysics (in particular Ontology) the different kinds or ways of Being are called categories of being or simply categories In Logic and Philosophy, proposition refers to either (a the content or Meaning of a meaningful Declarative sentence A syllogism, or logical appeal, (συλλογισμός &mdash "conclusion" "inference" (usually the categorical syllogism) is a kind of These headings, though often given in a different order, represent the basic arrangement of all scholastic textbooks.

This work is important in that it contains the main account of Ockham's nominalism. Nominalism is a metaphysical view in Philosophy according to which general or abstract terms and predicates exist but that either universals The nominalists of the fifteenth century (such as Swineshead, Heytesbury, Gerson and D'Ailly) looked upon him as the founder of their school. Swineshead may refer to Swineshead Bedfordshire (historically in Huntingdonshire) Swineshead Lincolnshire Heytesbury is a village in Wiltshire, England, located in the Wylye Valley.

Contents

Book I: On Terms

(i) Chapters 1-17 deal with terms: what they are, and how they are divide into categorematic, abstract and concrete, absolute and connotative, 'first intention' and 'second intention'. Ockham also introduces the issue of universals here.

(ii) Chapters 18-25 deal with the five predicables of Porphyry. Predicables (Lat praedicabilis that which may be stated or affirmed sometimes called quinque voces or five words) is in scholastic logic, a term applied

(iii) Chapters 26-62 deal with the Categories of Aristotle, known to the medieval philosophers as the 'Praedicamenta'. The first chapters of this section concern definition and description, the notions of subject and predicate, the meaning of terms like 'whole', 'being' and so on. The later chapters deal with the ten Categories themselves, as follows: Substance (42-3), Quantity (44-9), Relation (50-4), Quality (55-6), Action (57), Passion (58), Time (59), Place (60), Position (61), Habit (62).

(iv) Chapters 63-77 onwards deal with the theory of supposition.

Book II: On Propositions

(i) On categorical propositions (1-20)

(ii) On the conversion of propositions (21-9)

(iii) On hypothetical propositions (30-7)

Book III: On Syllogisms

Part I On Syllogisms

(i) On categorical syllogisms (1-19)

(ii) On modal syllogisms (20-30)

(iii) On mixed syllogisms (31-64)

(iv) On syllogisms containing exponible propositions

Part II On Demonstration

These 41 chapters are a systematic exposition of Aristotle's Posterior Analytics. The Posterior Analytics is a text from Aristotle 's Organon that deals with demonstration, Definition, and Scientific knowledge

Part III On the Consequences

These 37 chapters are a systematic exposition of Aristotle's Topics. The Topics is the name given to one of Aristotle 's six works on Logic, collectively known as the Organon.

Part IV On Obligation (7 chapters)

Part V On the Liar Antinomy (1 chapter)

Part VI On fallacies (in 18 chapters)

Links and Reference

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic