Sulfuryl chloride - Citizendia

Sulfuryl chloride


IUPAC name	Sulfuryl chloride
Other names	Sulfonyl Chloride Sulfuric chloride
Identifiers
CAS number	[7791-25-5]
Properties
Molecular formula	SO₂Cl₂
Molar mass	134. IUPAC Nomenclature is a system of naming Chemical compounds and of describing the science of Chemistry in general CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for Chemical compounds Polymers biological sequences mixtures and Alloys They are also referred to A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the Atoms that constitute a particular Chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes Molar mass, symbol M, is the Mass of one mole of a substance ( Chemical element or Chemical compound) 9648 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless liquid with a pungent odor. yellows upon standing.
Density	1. The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different 665 g ml^-1 at 20 °C
Melting point	-54. The melting point of a solid is the temperature range at which it changes state from solid to Liquid. 1 °C
Boiling point	69. The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the Vapor pressure of the liquid equals the environmental pressure surrounding the liquid 1 °C
Solubility in water	hydrolyzes
Related compounds
Related compounds	Thionyl chloride (SOCl₂) Chlorosulfonic acid Sulfuric acid Sulfuryl fluoride
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Sulfuryl chloride is SO₂Cl₂, a compound composed of sulfur, oxygen, and chlorine. Solubility is the characteristic Physical property referring to the ability of a given substance the Solute, to dissolve in a Solvent. Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life. Thionyl chloride (or thionyl dichloride) is an Inorganic compound with the formula S[[Oxygen O]] Cl 2 Chlorosulfuric acid is ClSO2OH This tetrahedral molecule is an intermediate chemically and conceptually between SO2Cl2 and H2SO4 Sulfuric (or sulphuric acid, H 2 S[[oxygen O]]4 is a strong Mineral acid. Sulfuryl fluoride is the Chemical compound with the formula SO2F2 In Chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 Kilopascals exactly Sulfur or sulphur (ˈsʌlfɚ see spelling below) is the Chemical element that has the Atomic number 16 Oxygen (from the Greek roots ὀξύς (oxys (acid literally "sharp" from the taste of acids and -γενής (-genēs (producer literally begetteris the Chlorine (ˈklɔriːn from the Greek word 'χλωρóς' ( khlôros, meaning 'pale green' is the Chemical element with Atomic number 17 and At room temperature, it is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor. Sulfuryl chloride is not found in nature, as can be inferred from its speedy hydrolysis

Sulfuryl chloride is commonly confused with thionyl chloride, SOCl₂. Thionyl chloride (or thionyl dichloride) is an Inorganic compound with the formula S[[Oxygen O]] Cl 2 The properties of these two sulfur oxychlorides are quite different: sulfuryl chloride is a source of chlorine whereas thionyl chloride is a source of chloride ions. Chlorine (ˈklɔriːn from the Greek word 'χλωρóς' ( khlôros, meaning 'pale green' is the Chemical element with Atomic number 17 and The chloride Ion is formed when the element Chlorine picks up one Electron to form an Anion (negatively-charged ion Cl&minus

1 Properties
2 Structure
3 Synthesis of sulfuryl chloride
4 Uses
5 Precautions
6 References
7 Further reading

Properties

Sulfuryl chloride reacts violently with water, releasing hydrogen chloride gas:

2 H₂O + SO₂Cl₂ → 2 HCl + H₂SO₄

SO₂Cl₂ will also decompose when heated to or above 100 °C, about 40 ° above its boiling point. Water ( H2[[oxygen O]] H OH) is the most abundant Molecule on Earth 's surface composing of about 70% of the Earth's surface as Hydrochloric acid is the Solution of Hydrogen chloride ( H[[Chlorine Cl]] in water Sulfuric (or sulphuric acid, H 2 S[[oxygen O]]4 is a strong Mineral acid. Decomposition (or spoilage) refers to the break down of tissue of a formerly living Organism into simpler forms of matter

Upon standing, SO₂Cl₂ decomposes to sulfur dioxide and chlorine, which gives the older samples a slightly yellowish color. Chlorine (ˈklɔriːn from the Greek word 'χλωρóς' ( khlôros, meaning 'pale green' is the Chemical element with Atomic number 17 and

Structure

Sulfur is tetrahedral in SO₂Cl₂, being bound to two oxygen atoms via double bonds and to two chlorine atoms via single bonds. The oxidation state of the sulfur atom is +6, as in H₂SO₄. The oxidation number of a central atom in a coordination compound is the charge that it would have if all the Ligands were removed along with the Electron pairs

Synthesis of sulfuryl chloride

SO₂Cl₂ is prepared by the reaction of sulfur dioxide and chlorine in the presence of a catalyst, such as activated carbon. Chlorine (ˈklɔriːn from the Greek word 'χλωρóς' ( khlôros, meaning 'pale green' is the Chemical element with Atomic number 17 and Catalysis is the process in which the rate of a Chemical reaction is increased by means of a Chemical substance known as a catalyst Activated carbon, also called activated charcoal or activated coal, is a form of Carbon that has been processed to make it extremely porous and thus to

SO₂ + Cl₂ → SO₂Cl₂

The crude product can be purified by fractional distillation. Chlorine (ˈklɔriːn from the Greek word 'χλωρóς' ( khlôros, meaning 'pale green' is the Chemical element with Atomic number 17 and Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts or fractions such as in separating Chemical compounds by their Boiling point by heating It is uncommon to prepare SO₂Cl₂ in the laboratory because it is supplied by many chemical companies, including FisherChemicals, AcrosOrganics, SFChem, Sigma-Aldrich.

Uses

Sulfuryl chloride is often used as source of Cl₂. Because it is a pourable liquid, it is considered more convenient than Cl₂ to measure, store, and dispense. SO₂Cl₂ is widely used as a reagent in the conversion of C-H --> C-Cl adjacent to activating substituents such as carbonyls and sulfoxides. A reagent or reactant is a substance or compound consumed during a Chemical reaction. It also chlorinates as alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatics, and epoxides. Alkanes, also known as Paraffins are Chemical compounds that consist only of the elements Carbon (C and Hydrogen (H (i In Organic chemistry, an alkene, olefin, or olefine is an unsaturated Chemical compound containing at least one Carbon Alkynes are Hydrocarbons that have at least one Triple bond between two Carbon atoms with the formula CnH2n-2. An epoxide is a cyclic Ether with only three ring atoms This ring approximately is an Equilateral triangle, i Such reactions occur under free radical conditions using an initiator such as AIBN. In Chemistry, radicals (often referred to as free radicals) are atoms molecules or ions with Unpaired electrons on an otherwise Open shell Azobisisobutyronitrile is a Toxic compound often used as a foamer in Plastics and Rubber and as a Radical initiator. SO₂Cl₂ can also convert alcohols to alkyl chlorides. In Chemistry, an alcohol is any Organic compound in which a Hydroxyl group ( - O[[hydrogen H]]) is bound to a Carbon The haloalkanes (also known as halogenoalkanes or alkyl halides) are a group of Chemical compounds consisting of Alkanes such as Methane In industry, sulfuryl chloride is most used in producing pesticides.

SO₂Cl₂ can also be used to treat wool to prevent shrinking.

Precautions

SO₂Cl₂ is toxic, corrosive, and acts as a lachrymator. A lachrymatory agent or lachrymator (from lacrima meaning "a tear " in Latin) (commonly referred to as tear gas) is a As described above, it can form explosive mixtures with water, as well as donor solvents such as DMSO and DMF. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO is the Chemical compound with the formula (CH32SO Dimethylformamide is the Organic compound with the formula ( CH3)2NC(OH

References

http://chemfinder.cambridgesoft.com
http://www.chem.unep.ch/irptc/sids/OECDSIDS/7791255.pdf
http://www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com/eros/articles/rs140/frame.html

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