Citizendia
Your Ad Here

Subaru
Type Division of Fuji Heavy Industries
Founded FHI established July 7, 1953
first Subaru car introduced 1954
Founder Kenji Kita
Chikuhei Nakajima (predecessor)
Headquarters Flag of Japan Ota, Gunma, Japan
Key people Ikuo Mori, President and CEO
Kenji Kita, founder of Subaru division
Industry Automobile manufacturing
Products Subaru automobiles, Toyota automobiles assembled under contract
Revenue ▼300,000,000 (JPY) (2007)
Employees 11,998
Website www.subaru-global.com
For other uses, see Subaru (disambiguation). A division of a business entity is a portion of that business that operates under a different name or FHI, is a Japanese company which traces its origins to the Nakajima Aircraft Company (est Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) An entrepreneur is a person who has possession over a company enterprise, or Venture, and assumes significant accountability for the inherent risks and the outcome Chikuhei Nakajima (中島 知久平 Nakajima Chikuhei January 1, 1884 - October 10, 1949) was a Japanese military officer engineer The Nakajima Aircraft Company ( Japanese:中島飛行機株式会社/Nakajima Hikōki Kabushiki Kaisha was a prominent Japanese Aircraft manufacturer throughout is a city located 50 miles northwest of Tokyo, in Eastern Gunma, Japan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" In Marketing, a product is anything that can be offered to a Market that might satisfy a want or need (pronounced) is a Multinational corporation headquartered in Japan, and is currently the world's largest Automaker. In business revenue or revenues is Income that a company receives from its normal business activities usually from the sale of goods and services Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages

Subaru (スバル?) is the automobile manufacturing division of Japanese transportation conglomerate Fuji Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. (FHI). The automotive industry is the industry involved in the design development manufacture marketing and sale of Motor vehicles In 2007 more than 73 million motor vehicles For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. A conglomerate is a large Company that consists of seemingly unrelated Business sections or FHI, is a Japanese company which traces its origins to the Nakajima Aircraft Company (est

Subaru is known for their use of boxer engines in most of their vehicles. A flat engine is an Internal combustion engine with pistons that are all relatively horizontal The company decided to utilize all wheel drive in most international markets as standard equipment in 1996. Four-wheel drive, 4WD, or 4x4 ("four by four" is a four-wheeled Vehicle with a drivetrain that allows all four Wheels to

Fuji Heavy Industries, the parent company of Subaru, is currently in a partnership with Toyota Motor Corporation, which owns 16. or FHI, is a Japanese company which traces its origins to the Nakajima Aircraft Company (est (pronounced) is a Multinational corporation headquartered in Japan, and is currently the world's largest Automaker. 5% of FHI. [1]

Subaru Star Cluster

The company is named after the star cluster Pleiades; in Japanese the name is "Subaru", which roughly translated into English means, "to govern", "unite," or "gather together". The Pleiades (ˈpliːədiːz or /ˈplaɪədiːz/ also known as M 45, the '''Seven Sisters''', Seven Stars, SED, Matariki The company logo is influenced by the star cluster. Star clusters are groups of Stars which are gravitationally bound The large star in the logo represents Fuji Heavy Industries, and the five smaller stars represent the current five companies that are united under the FHI group. In Japan, the company also goes by the name Mutsuraboshi ("Six Stars"), under which title it appears frequently in very old Japanese documents such as Kojiki and Man'yōshū and literature such as Makura no Sōshi. is the oldest existing collection of Japanese poetry, compiled sometime in the Nara or early Heian periods The anthology is one of the most revered of Japan's is a book of observations and musings recorded by Sei Shōnagon during her time as court lady to Empress Sadako during the 990s and early 1000s in Heian [2]


Contents

History

Subaru's previous logo.

FHI started out as "The Aircraft Research Laboratory" in 1917 headed by Chikuhei Nakajima. Chikuhei Nakajima (中島 知久平 Nakajima Chikuhei January 1, 1884 - October 10, 1949) was a Japanese military officer engineer In 1931, the company was reorganized as "Nakajima Aircraft Company, Ltd", the main airplane manufacturer for Japan in WWII. The Nakajima Aircraft Company ( Japanese:中島飛行機株式会社/Nakajima Hikōki Kabushiki Kaisha was a prominent Japanese Aircraft manufacturer throughout

At the end of the Second World War, Nakajima Aircraft was again reorganized, this time as Fuji Sangyo Co, Ltd. In 1946, Fuji Sangyo created the Fuji Rabbit motor scooter with spare aircraft parts from the war. The Fuji Rabbit was a Motor scooter produced in Japan by Fuji Heavy Industries from 1946 through 1968 [3]In 1950, Fuji Sangyo was divided into 12 smaller corporations according to the Japanese Government's 1950 Corporate Credit Rearrangement Act (anti-zaibatsu legislation), but between 1953-1955, four of these corporations and a newly formed corporation, known as Fuji Kogyo (a scooter manufacturer}, Fuji Jidosha (a coachbuilder specializing in bus manufacture), Omiya Fuji Kogyo (an engine manufacurer), Utsunomiya Sharyo (a chassis manufacturer) and Tokyo Fuji Dangyo (a trading company), decided to merge together to form the Fuji Heavy Industries we know today. is a Japanese term referring to industrial and financial business conglomerates in the Empire of Japan, whose influence and size allowed for control over significant Bus manufacturingA coachbuilder is a manufacturer of bodies for Carriages or Automobiles The trade dates back several centuries A chassis (plural "chassis" (ˈʃæːsiː ˈtʃæːsiː consists of a framework that supports an inanimate object analogous to an Animal 's A joint stock company (JSC is a type of business entity it is a type of Corporation or Partnership.

Kenji Kita, the CEO of Fuji Heavy Industries at the time, wanted the new company to be involved in car manufacturing, and chose the name Subaru to grace its first car, the Subaru P1 in 1954. or FHI, is a Japanese company which traces its origins to the Nakajima Aircraft Company (est Mr. Kita canvassed the Company for suggestions about naming the P-1, but none of the proposals was appealing. In the end, Mr. Kita gave the car a Japanese name that had been his personal favorite from childhood --- Subaru. [4] From 1954 to 2005, the company designed and manufactured dozens of vehicles including the P1 (1954), the tiny air-cooled 360 (1958), the Sambar (1961), the 1000 (1965), the R2 (1969), the Leone (1971), the Domingo (1983), the Alcyone (1985), the Legacy (1989), the Impreza (1993), the Sambar EV electric van (1995), the Forester (1997), and the Tribeca (2005). The Subaru 360 was the first automobile mass produced by Fuji Heavy Industries ' Subaru division The Subaru Sambar is an automobile built by automaker Subaru for the Japanese market The Subaru 1000 was the first Front wheel drive Subaru produced by Fuji Heavy Industries starting in 1966 The Subaru R2 was announced in Japan on December 8 2003. It is Subaru 's re-entry in the Japanese Keicar market The Subaru Leone was a Subcompact car produced by the Japanese car manufacturer Subaru from 1971 to 1994 A more passenger-car-like Subaru Domingo high-roof van with 997 cc later 1189 cc engines and coil springs at the rear was added in October 1983 The Subaru XT, XT6, Vortex, and Alcyone are sporty Coupés that were sold new from 1985 to 1991 by Subaru. The Subaru Legacy is a Mid-size car introduced by the Japanese manufacturer Subaru in February 1989 as a larger companion to the company's The Subaru Impreza' is a Compact car that was first introduced by Subaru in 1993 The Subaru Sambar is an automobile built by automaker Subaru for the Japanese market The Subaru Forester, is a tall All-wheel drive Station wagon manufactured since 1997 by Subaru &mdash currently in its third generation and now marketed Subaru began selling the Tribeca, a five or seven-seat mid-size Crossover SUV as a 2006 model

1965 Subaru 360
1965 Subaru 360

Major shareholders

On October 5, 2005 Toyota Motor Corporation purchased 8. (pronounced) is a Multinational corporation headquartered in Japan, and is currently the world's largest Automaker. 7% of FHI shares in 1999 from General Motors who had owned 20. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. 1% of FHI. [5] GM later divested its remaining 11. 4% stake, selling its shares on the open market to sever all ties with FHI. FHI previously stated that there might have been 27 million shares (3. 4%) acquired before the start of trading by an unknown party on October 6, 2005, and speculation suggested that a bank or perhaps another automaker was involved. After the purchase, Toyota announced a contract with Subaru on March 13, 2006 to use the underutilized Subaru manufacturing facility in Lafayette, Indiana, and Toyota announced plans to hire up to 1,000 workers and set aside an assembly line for the Camry model, beginning in spring 2007. Subaru of Indiana Automotive Inc ( SIA) is an Automobile manufacturer in Lafayette Indiana USA Lafayette (ˌlɑːfijˈɛt is a city in Tippecanoe County, Indiana, U The Toyota Camry is a Mid-size car, formerly a Compact car manufactured by Toyota since 1980

Before GM's ownership, Nissan had acquired the 20% stake in 1968 during a period of government-ordered merging of Japanese auto industry to merge in order for improved competitiveness under the administration of Prime Minister Eisaku Sato. The is the usual English-language term used for the Head of government of Japan, although the literal translation of the Japanese name for the office is Prime was a Japanese Politician and the 61st 62nd and 63rd Prime Minister of Japan, elected on November 9 1964 and re-elected on February 17 1967 and January 14 1970 Nissan would utilize FHI's bus manufacturing capability and expertise for their Nissan Diesel line of buses. Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd (日産ディーゼル工業株式会社 or UD (The company's trademark is a Japanese company whose principal business is In turn, many Subaru vehicles, even today, use parts from the Nissan manufacturing keiretsu. A is a set of companies with interlocking Business relationships and shareholdings. The Subaru automatic transmission, known as the 4EAT, is also used in the first generation Nissan Pathfinder. Subaru manufactures all of their own manual transmissions and has used automatic transmissions from Jatco. The Nissan Pathfinder and Terrano were originally Compact SUVs and they are now mid-size SUVs Where as the Pathfinder is sold in North America Speculation has suggested that it was Subaru that introduced Renault to Nissan, when Nissan asked for assistance in all-wheel drive (AWD) technology, and when FHI might have suggested that Renault discuss their plans with Nissan, the discussions may have been a contributing factor to the currently successful Renault-Nissan alliance. This is about the company for other uses see Renault (disambiguation. Four-wheel drive, 4WD, or 4x4 ("four by four" is a four-wheeled Vehicle with a drivetrain that allows all four Wheels to Upon Nissan's acquisition by Renault, its 20% stake was sold to General Motors. This is about the company for other uses see Renault (disambiguation. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States.

During the General Motors period, a modified Impreza was sold in the United States as the Saab 9-2X. The Subaru Impreza' is a Compact car that was first introduced by Subaru in 1993 This article is about the Saab 9-2X from the 21st century There is also the Saab 92 from the 1950s A SUV (Subaru Tribeca / SAAB 9-6X) was also planned[6][7]but the SAAB version did not proceed. [8]

Marketing efforts

In 1965, Malcolm Bricklin started selling franchises for motor scooters that included the Fuji Rabbit and the tiny Subaru 360. Malcolm Bricklin born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an automotive Entrepreneur. Bricklin made a deal with Subaru to introduce those cars to the United States. Malcolm and his partner, Harvey Lamm, formed Subaru of America, Inc. to sell Subaru franchises. It marked the beginning of the Japanese influx.

In the 1970s, the company moved away from small commercial vehicles and concentrated on the development of mainstream passenger car models, and when Subaru introduced the Legacy in 1989, it was well received. The Subaru Legacy is a Mid-size car introduced by the Japanese manufacturer Subaru in February 1989 as a larger companion to the company's The Legacy was considered mainstream in its appearance and a departure from previous vehicles, which had earned a reputation of being "quirky". It was perceived by some as Subaru's attempt to compete with new luxury brands Lexus, Infiniti and Acura, as Japanese vehicles were increasing in popularity, particularly in the USA. Subaru continued their new direction with the controversially styled six-cylinder SVX (1992), and the Impreza (1993). The Alcyone SVX, also known outside Japan as the Subaru SVX, is a mid-sized GT Coupé that was sold by Subaru from 1991 to 1997 The Subaru Impreza' is a Compact car that was first introduced by Subaru in 1993

From 1995 to 2000, Subaru ran a series of advertisements for the newly developed Subaru Outback which starred Paul Hogan. Outback or the Outback refers to remote arid areas of Australia, although the term colloquially can refer to any lands outside of the main Urban areas Paul Hogan AM (born October 8, 1939) is an Australian Golden Globe -winning actor and comedian most famous for his role as The advertisements were intended to highlight Subaru's all wheel drive, and depicted the Outback in a number of rugged Australian locations. The tagline "the world's first sport utility wagon" was successfully used by Subaru, though the AMC Eagle had tried much the same idea, with less success in the 1980s. The AMC Eagle was an All-wheel drive passenger car produced by American Motors Corporation (AMC Some of the advertising slogans Subaru has used in the past include, "Inexpensive, and built to stay that way", "The World's Favorite Four Wheel Drive" (in the U. K. ), "We're building our reputation by building a better car", "The beauty of all-wheel-drive", "Think, Feel, Drive", and currently "It's what makes a Subaru, a Subaru".

As a result of this refocused advertising campaign, Subaru products began to attract a following among the young and educated, and as a lightweight, affordable, economical SUV alternative to the likes of the Ford Bronco and Jeep Wagoneer or the exclusive Volvo. The Ford Bronco was a Sport-utility vehicle produced from 1966 through 1996 with five distinct generations The Jeep Wagoneer was an early Sport utility vehicle (SUV produced under varying Marques from 1963 to 1991 This article is about Volvo Group - AB Volvo Volvo Cars is the passenger vehicle maker owned by Ford Motor Company, using the Volvo Trademark Subaru has historically been popular in US regions such as the Pacific Northwest , the North American Rocky Mountains region, and especially in New England, with relatively high resale values and owner loyalty rates in those regions. The Pacific Northwest is a region in the northwest of North America (the term refers to the land not the ocean Mountain peaks of the Rocky Mountains The Rocky Mountains, often called the Rockies, are a Mountain range in western North America. History See also History of New England New England's earliest inhabitants were Algonquian -speaking Native Americans including the However, facing pressure from competition from the large Japanese brands, Subaru began to market only AWD cars and wagons for the American market. The Subaru Outback wagon, based on the Legacy and modified with SUV-like stance, bumpers, and roof, became one of the best selling wagons in the US during the 2000s. The Subaru Outback is an All wheel drive crossover manufactured by Subaru since 1995 in sedan and station wagon body styles The Subaru Legacy is a Mid-size car introduced by the Japanese manufacturer Subaru in February 1989 as a larger companion to the company's

Subaru Impreza Rally Car
Subaru Impreza Rally Car

Motorsports

Modified versions of the Impreza WRX and WRX STi have been competing successfully in car rallies; drivers Colin McRae, Richard Burns and Petter Solberg have won World Rally Championship titles with the Subaru World Rally Team. The Subaru Impreza WRX, is a turbocharged version of the Subaru Impreza, an All-wheel drive automobile The Subaru Impreza WRX STI (formerly STi, officially changed in 2006 is the highest standard-edition trim in the Subaru Impreza Compact car line Rallying is a form of motor competition that takes place on public or private roads with modified production or specially built road-legal cars Colin Steele McRae, MBE ( August 5, 1968 &ndash September 15, 2007) was a Scottish rally driver born in Richard Burns ( January 17 1971, Reading Berkshire, England &ndash November 25 2005) was a British rally Petter "Hollywood" Solberg (born November 18, 1974 in Askim) from Spydeberg i Østfold, Norway, is a professional History Early The World Rally Championship was formed from well-known international rallies nine of which were previously part of the International Championship The Subaru World Rally Team (SWRT is Subaru 's World Rally Championship (WRC team The Subaru World Rally Championship cars are prepared and run by Prodrive, the highly successful British Motorsport team. History Early The World Rally Championship was formed from well-known international rallies nine of which were previously part of the International Championship Prodrive Ltd is a Motorsport and automotive Engineering group based in Banbury, Oxfordshire, England. Several endurance records were set in the early and mid-nineties by the Legacy. The Subaru Legacy is a Mid-size car introduced by the Japanese manufacturer Subaru in February 1989 as a larger companion to the company's

For the 1990 Formula 1 season, Subaru fielded the Subaru Coloni C3B. Enzo Coloni Racing Car Systems, commonly referred to simply as Coloni, is an Italian Motor racing team and former Formula One Racing car It featured a 12 cylinder boxer engine, but was not competitive because of horsepower and weight disadvantages[9]. With the rise of rally racing, and the Import scene in the US, the introduction of the highly anticipated Subaru Impreza WRX in 2001 was successful in bringing high performance, AWD compact cars into the sports car mainstream. The Import scene or Import racing scene refers to the Subculture that revolves around modifying imported brand cars (commonly referred to as imports especially The Subaru Impreza WRX, is a turbocharged version of the Subaru Impreza, an All-wheel drive automobile

Diesel

Subaru displayed a variable vane, common rail turbodiesel boxer engine at the 2007 Frankfurt International Motor Show. Variable geometry turbocharger s ( VGT s are a family of Turbochargers usually designed to allow the effective Aspect ratio (sometimes called A/R Ratio of Turbodiesel refers to any Diesel engine with a Turbocharger. Turbocharging is the norm rather than the exception in modern car and truck diesel engines A flat engine is an Internal combustion engine with pistons that are all relatively horizontal It is the world's first production horizontally-opposed water-cooled diesel engine. Volkswagen made only 2 air-cooled boxer prototype diesel engines that were not turbocharged, and installed one engine in a Type 1 and another in a Type 2. A prototype is an original type form or instance of something serving as a typical example basis or standard for other things of the same category The Volkswagen Beetle, officially known as the type 1 and originally called ‘Käfer’ is an Economy car produced by the German auto maker Volkswagen The Volkswagen Type 2 (also known as Transporter) was the second automotive line introduced by German automaker Volkswagen. [10]

The Subaru engine is rated at 110 kW (147 hp) and 350 Nm (258 ft lb) with a displacement of only 2. 0 liters. In March 2008, Subaru will offer the Legacy wagon with the 2. 0 liter turbodiesel in the UK with a 5 speed manual transmission only. [11] [12]

EPA fuel economy estimated is:
City Ranges
32. 7 mpg (US) (7. 19 L/100 km/39. 3 mpg imp)
33. 6 mpg (US) (7. 00 L/100 km/40. 4 mpg imp)

Highway Ranges
45. 2 mpg (US) (5. 20 L/100 km/54. 3 mpg imp)
49. 0 mpg (US) (4. 80 L/100 km/58. 8 mpg imp)[13]

According to the Subaru Owners on-line newsletter dated March 2008, Subaru is "currently making modifications to the diesel so it meets the more stringent U. S. standards. Subaru diesel models should be domestically available in two to three years. "

Environmental record

Subaru claims to have implemented advanced policies which include recycling, reducing harmful emissions, educating their employees, and continuing their efforts have helped them in their environmental initiatives. When you carry out your trash at home on the next collection day, you'll be sending more trash to landfills than the entire Subaru manufacturing plant in Lafayette, Indiana (SIA). The Subaru plant was the first auto assembly plant to achieve zero landfill status - nothing from its manufacturing efforts goes into a landfill. It's all reused and recycled. This a significant step in the car manufacturing business and plans to have the vehicles they sell in each state meet the standards of California and New York. The company has also developed energy efficient hybrid vehicles as well as a recycling plan for their "end-of-life" cars.

An excerpt from the Subaru website stated "In 2006, SIA was awarded the U. S. EPA's Gold Achievement Award as a top achiever in the agency's WasteWise program to reduce waste and improve recycling. " The website also went on to claim, "It also became the first U. S. automotive assembly plant to be designated a wildlife habitat. Deer, coyotes, beavers, blue herons, geese, and other animals live there in peaceful coexistence with the Subaru plant"

Subaru also offers Partial Zero Emissions Vehicle (PZEV) certified Legacy, Outback, and Forester models which are available for sale anywhere in the U. S. Subaru PZEV vehicles meet California's Super-Ultra-Low-Emission Vehicle exhaust emission standard. [14] Subaru PZEV vehicles have 90% cleaner emissions than the average new vehicle. Subaru PZEV vehicles achieve such tight pollution controls, and the burning of fuel is so complete that in very smoggy urban areas, exhaust out of the tailpipe can actually be cleaner than the air outside. According to the EPA, Outback, Forester, and Legacy are among the cleanest and most fuel-efficient vehicles available in the U. S. based on air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and overall fuel economy. [15]

Current models

North America/Europe/Oceania/Middle East/Asia/Japan Subaru models, permanent all wheel drive with boxer engine. Four-wheel drive, 4WD, or 4x4 ("four by four" is a four-wheeled Vehicle with a drivetrain that allows all four Wheels to A flat engine is an Internal combustion engine with pistons that are all relatively horizontal

Some of the following models are also exported to other asian markets besides Japan. The Subaru Exiga (pronounced x-shiga is a new Compact MPV that debuted as a Concept car during the 2007 Tokyo Motor Show. The Subaru Forester, is a tall All-wheel drive Station wagon manufactured since 1997 by Subaru &mdash currently in its third generation and now marketed The Subaru Impreza' is a Compact car that was first introduced by Subaru in 1993 The Subaru Impreza WRX, is a turbocharged version of the Subaru Impreza, an All-wheel drive automobile The Subaru Impreza WRX STI (formerly STi, officially changed in 2006 is the highest standard-edition trim in the Subaru Impreza Compact car line The Subaru Legacy is a Mid-size car introduced by the Japanese manufacturer Subaru in February 1989 as a larger companion to the company's The Subaru Outback is an All wheel drive crossover manufactured by Subaru since 1995 in sedan and station wagon body styles Subaru began selling the Tribeca, a five or seven-seat mid-size Crossover SUV as a 2006 model (Kei car) , front or all wheel drive, straight engine:

An article posted by Autoblog on April 16, 2008 stated that due to the corporate investment by Toyota, all kei cars built by Subaru will be replaced by Daihatsu models beginning in 2010 [16]

Past models

Concept cars

December 4, 2007 saw an article claiming that Subaru was considering building a motorcycle, called the Subaru HS500, with a single cylinder 500 cc engine producing 50 hp (37 kW). The Subaru Rex, also known as Ace or SX700 in some countries was a Keicar Automobile produced from 1972 to 1992 for sale in Japan The Opel Zafira is a Compact MPV produced by KPK and Opel a General Motors subsidiary Adam Opel GmbH (commonly known as Opel) is a German automaker part of General Motors. Vauxhall Motors is a British automobile company It is a subsidiary of General Motors Corporation (GM and is part of GM Europe. A minivan, multi-purpose vehicle (abbreviated MPV) people-carrier, people-mover or multi-utility vehicle (shortened The Subaru Vivio was a Keicar that was introduced in March 1992 and manufactured by Subaru. The Subaru SRD-1 ( S ubaru R esearch and D esign was according to the double sided color placard "An innovative dream wagon concept for the '90s and The Subaru Exiga (pronounced x-shiga is a new Compact MPV that debuted as a Concept car during the 2007 Tokyo Motor Show. Subaru HS500

Toyota-Subaru coupe

On April 10, 2008, Toyota approximately doubled its stake in FHI to 16. 5%[1], and announced that Toyota and Subaru are working on a 2-door coupe together, to be released around 2011. [17]

According to an article posted by Autoblog on May 28, 2008, the coupe that Toyota and Subaru are working on together will be sold in Japan only as a Toyota, and internationally as a Subaru. Autoblog is a Web site that offers weblogs and Podcasts about automobiles and the automotive industry [18] The Subaru version is initially being branded as an Impreza coupe, with the powertrain being described as RWD with the 2. 0 liter boxer engine, and optional 2. 5 turbo from the WRX STi and AWD. [19] Spy photos of a prototype testing mule were taken in the UK, heavily disguised using Legacy bodywork on a shortened frame. [20]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Yumiko, Nishitani. Prodrive Ltd is a Motorsport and automotive Engineering group based in Banbury, Oxfordshire, England. or STi is Fuji Heavy Industries ' Motorsports division STi along with Prodrive of the UK specializes in the preparation of a variety of vehicles for the Subaru Subaru uses a four or five digit code to identify all of their engines Subaru manufactures all of their own manual transmissions and has used automatic transmissions from Jatco. The Subaru EA engine is a series of Automobile Internal combustion engines manufactured by Subaru, a division of Fuji Heavy Industries. The EF is an Automotive engine made by Subaru, introduced in 1984 for the Subaru Justy. The Subaru EJ engine is a series of automotive engines manufactured by Subaru, a division of Fuji Heavy Industries introduced mid 1989 for the 1st generation Legacy "Japan's Fuji Heavy shares rally on expanded alliance with Toyota group", Thomson Financial News, 2008-04-11. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 491 - Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine Emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. Retrieved on 2008-04-12. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. (English) 
  2. ^ Origins of Subaru name
  3. ^ Fuji Rabbit.com
  4. ^ Inspiration of naming first Subaru vehicle
  5. ^ Kaho, Shimizu (2005-10-06), “Toyota to buy Fuji shares in GM selloff”, The Japan Times, <http://search.japantimes.co.jp/member/member.html?nn20051006a1.htm> 
  6. ^ Saab 9-6X Gets the Go-ahead. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus edmunds. com/insideline. Retrieved on 2007-07-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason.
  7. ^ Subaru plans new model revolution. autocar. co. uk/News. Retrieved on 2007-07-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason.
  8. ^ Saab Developing Smaller Crossover After Collapse of Subaru Alliance. edmunds. com. Retrieved on 2007-07-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason.
  9. ^ Subaru Performance magazine version 4. 3
  10. ^ The Diesel Beetle. ltv-vwc. org. uk. Retrieved on 2008-04-03. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1043 - Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England.
  11. ^ Geneva Motor Show: Subaru diesel boxer engine. autobloggreen. com. Retrieved on 2007-08-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman
  12. ^ Subaru's 2.0L Turbodiesel Boxer - 110kW/147hp.
  13. ^ Subaru Boxer Turbodiesel - Specifications - First Drive - Truck Trend. trucktrend. com. Retrieved on 2008-03-05. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a
  14. ^ Subaru and the Environment
  15. ^ www. subaru. com
  16. ^ Subaru to stop making Kei Cars - Autoblog
  17. ^ Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. (2008-04-10). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 879 - Louis III becomes King of the Western Franks. 1407 - the lama "Fuji Heavy Industries Restructures Business Models Leveraging Alliance with Toyota and Daihatsu". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2008-04-12. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
  18. ^ http://www.autoblog.com/2008/05/28/subaru-rwd-coupe-will-be-sold-worldwide-toyota-version-only-in/
  19. ^ http://www.autoexpress.co.uk/news/autoexpressnews/222900/subaru_impreza_coupe.html
  20. ^ http://news.windingroad.com/body-stylesmarket-segment/coupes/spied-first-ever-look-at-toyota-subaru-rwd-coupe/

External links

The Internet Movie Cars Database (IMCDb is similar to IMDb but instead of showing the list of Actors and crew it shows various cars in films television
© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic