A student newspaper is a newspaper run by students of a university, high school, middle school, or other school. Texas Tech University is a public, coeducational research university in Lubbock Texas. The Daily Toreador is the student newspaper of Texas Tech University in Lubbock Texas. A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. The word student is etymologically derived through Middle English from the Latin second-type conjugation Verb "studēre" A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects High school is the name used in some parts of the world (in particular Scotland, North America and Australia) to describe an institution Middle school or Junior High School serves as a "bridge" between the Elementary School and the High School These papers traditionally cover local and, primarily, school or university news. News is any new information or information on Current events which is presented by print, broadcast, Internet, or Word of mouth Working for one's high school newspaper is sometimes an extracurricular activity, but often, journalism classes are offered. Extracurricular activities are activities performed by Students that fall outside the realm of the normal Curriculum of school or university education Journalism is the profession of writing or communicating formally employed by publications and broadcasters for the benefit of a particular Community of people Journalism students learn about the journalistic profession and also produce the paper. Some schools have a basic class in which students only learn about newspapering, and a class that produces the newspaper.
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Student press in the United States of America
First Amendment protections for student media in the United States
Student press in the United States is protected in part by United States Supreme Court decisions such as Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District and Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier, and numerous other decisions, including those at the regional and state levels. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. Tinker v Des Moines Independent Community School District, was a United States Supreme Court case that resulted in a decision defining the constitutional Hazelwood School District et al v Kuhlmeier et al, was a United States Supreme Court decision which held that Public school curricular student
Some states have laws which enhance the U. S. Constitution in protecting student expression. For a more detailed review of state and national student press rights, see the Student Press Law Center's site here.
John Silber and the b. u. exposure
University administrations have learned to get around constitutional protections and effectively diminish student newspaper critics by following the example of former Boston University President John Silber, who on the advice of Harvard Law School Professor Alan Dershowitz, eliminated all funding for student newspapers in the 1970s in an attempt to suppress on-campus criticism. For similarly-named academic institutions see Education in Boston MA. John Robert Silber (born August 15, 1926) is an American academic and politician Harvard Law School (also known as Harvard Law or HLS) is one of the professional Graduate schools of Harvard University. Alan Morton Dershowitz (born September 1, 1938) is an American Lawyer, Jurist, and political commentator. Silber's policy went so far as to ban student organizations funded by the university from placing advertisements in the student press. With his hands-off policy, Silber was able to eliminate the independence of The Daily News and financially crippled the more-radical b.u. exposure. The bu exposure was a Student newspaper at Boston University during the 1970s and 1980s that received national press coverage for exposing the moral The exposure sued Silber and the University for infringement of their First Amendment rights, but the courts of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts eventually dismissed their case. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. Silber's "hands-off" policy was validated.
High school vs. college student press rights
Hazelwood and Tinker offer conflicting versions of student free expression. Student-directed publications may indeed be considered open or limited public forums for student expression, offering students freedom of expression under both Hazelwood and Tinker. A public forum is a United States constitutional law term that describes a government -owned property which is open to public expression and assembly
Hazelwood, for example, does not say administrators must review or censor their papers before publication. Censorship is the suppression of speech or deletion of communicative material which may be considered objectionable harmful or sensitive as determined by a censor In fact, journalism education organizations, like the Journalism Education Association, argue that prior review has no legitimate educational merit and is only a tool leading to censorship.
Under certain limited conditions and situations presented by Hazelwood, school administrators may be permitted prior review of (mostly high school) student publications.
Until June 2005, the Hazelwood standard was not considered to apply to public college and university newspapers, a decision most recently affirmed in the 2001 appeals court decision in Kincaid v. Gibson. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Kincaid v Gibson ( 2001) was a United States court case before the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit dealing with Freedom However, in June 2005, the 7th Circuit Court of Appeals ruled, in Hosty v. Carter, that the Hazelwood standard could apply to student publications that were not "designated public forums," and in February 2006 the Supreme Court declined to hear the students' appeal. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. At this time, the Hosty decision applies only in the states of Illinois (including Chicago), Indiana and Wisconsin. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. The State of Indiana ( was the 19th US state admitted into the union Wisconsin ( or wɪˈskɑnsɨn (French Ouisconsin) is one of the fifty United States of America, located in the north central part of the United States
In response to the Kincaid decision, the California State Legislature passed AB 2581, which extended existing state-level statutory protection of high school student journalists to college and university students. The California State Legislature is the state legislature of the U [1] The bill was signed into law by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and took effect on January 1, 2007. Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger ( German ˌaɐnɔlt aloʏs ˈʃvaɐtsənɛɡɐ born July 30 1947 is an Austrian American Bodybuilder, Actor New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
Controversy over alleged censorship actions has led some student newspapers to become independent organizations, such as The Daily Californian of the University of California, Berkeley in 1971, The Daily Orange of Syracuse University in 1971, The Independent Florida Alligator of the University of Florida in 1973, and The Cavalier Daily of the University of Virginia in 1979. The Daily Californian (or Daily Cal) is an independent student-run Newspaper that serves the University of California Berkeley The University of California Berkeley (also referred to as Cal, Berkeley and UC Berkeley) is a major research university located in Berkeley Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. The Daily Orange is an independent Student newspaper published in Syracuse New York. Syracuse University (SU is a private research university located in Syracuse, New York. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. The Independent Florida Alligator is the daily Student newspaper of the University of Florida. The University of Florida ( Florida or UF) is a public land-grant, sea-grant, space-grant major Research Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. The Cavalier Daily is the fully independent student-run The University of Virginia (also called UVa, UVA, Mr Jefferson's University, or The University) is a highly selective public research Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar)
Cartoons controversy in student publications
Gair rhydd courted controversy when, on February 4, 2006, it reproduced the cartoons, originally printed in Jyllands-Posten, depicting the Prophet Muhammad. Gair Rhydd ( Welsh for "free word" is the official Student newspaper of Cardiff University. Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ˈjylænsˌ pʰʌsd̥n̩ ( English: The Morning Newspaper "The Jutland Post") commonly shortened to Jyllands-Posten or JP IMPORTANT PLEASE READ ##### For all questions relating to the addition of (pbuh peace be upon him or other honorifics The issue was withdrawn from publication within a day of being released, the editor and two other student journalists were suspended, and a public apology published in the next issue.
In the same month, two editors of the Daily Illini, the independent student newspaper of the University of Illinois, were suspended after deciding to publish six of the twelve cartoons. The Daily Illini is an independent student-run newspaper published for the community of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. This article is about the flagship campus For other uses and locations of University of Illinois, see University of Illinois (disambiguation The University of
However, student publications took a lead role in reprinting the Muhammad cartoons, often accompanying them with explanatory editorials. An editorial, leader (UK or leading article (UK is an article in a Newspaper or Magazine that expresses the opinion of the Editor No fewer than 16 student newspapers and magazines in the United States, and a handful in other countries, ran one or more of the offending caricatures.
Student press in Canada
Many student newspapers in Canada are truly independent from their universities and student unions. Such autonomous papers are funded by student fees won by referendums, as well as advertising, and are run democratically by their staffs, with no faculty interference.
About 70 of Canada's student newspapers belong to a co-operative and newswire service called the Canadian University Press, which holds conferences, has correspondents across the country, is run democratically by its member papers, and fosters a sense of community among Canadian student journalists. News agency (alternative A news agency is an organization of Journalists established to supply News reports to organizations in the News trade Canadian University Press is a non-profit Co-operative and Newswire service owned by almost 80 Student newspapers at post-secondary schools in
Well-known Canadian student newspapers include The Martlet, The Ubyssey and The Peak in British Columbia; The Gateway in Alberta; The Sheaf in Saskatchewan; The Manitoban in Manitoba; The Charlatan, The Varsity, Arthur (Trent University) and the Excalibur in Ontario; the Link, McGill Daily, The Campus (Bishop's University) and McGill Tribune in Quebec; The Brunswickan in New Brunswick; The Dalhousie Gazette in Nova Scotia, The Muse in Newfoundland and Labrador, The Queen's Journal (Queen's University), and The Gazette at the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario. The Martlet is a weekly Student newspaper at the University of Victoria (UVic in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. The Ubyssey is the University of British Columbia's student-run paper The Peak is the independent Student newspaper at Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, a suburb British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C For the shopping complex in Salt Lake City Utah, see Gateway District. Alberta (ælˈbɝtə is one of Canada's prairie provinces. It became a province on September 1 1905 The Sheaf is a student run newspaper serving the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon Saskatchewan since 1912 Saskatchewan (səˈskætʃəwən) is a prairie province in Canada, which has an area of 588276 The Manitoban is the official Student newspaper at the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Manitoba (English ˌmænɨˈtoʊbə French /manitoba/ is a province of Canada, spanning 647797 square kilometres (250116 sq mi of North America The Charlatan is a student newspaper at Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario. The Varsity is one of the main Student newspapers of the University of Toronto. Arthur is a Canadian Student newspaper with a circulation of 3000 in Peterborough Ontario. Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk The Brunswickan is the official student newspaper of the Fredericton campus of the University of New Brunswick, New Brunswick, Canada New Brunswick ( French: Nouveau-Brunswick /nuvobʁɔnzwik/ is one of Canada 's three Maritime provinces and is the only constitutionally The Dalhousie Gazette (more commonly referred to as "The Gazette" is the main student publication at Dalhousie University in Halifax Nova Scotia Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's Newfoundland and Labrador (ˈnuːfɨn(dlənd ən(d ˈlæbrəˌdɔr (Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador is a province of Canada, the tenth and latest to join the Confederation The Queen's Journal, or simply The Journal, is the main student-run newspaper at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario
The oldest, continually published student newspapers in Canada are The Varsity (1880), The Queen's Journal (1873), and The Dalhousie Gazette (1868). The Varsity is one of the main Student newspapers of the University of Toronto. The Queen's Journal, or simply The Journal, is the main student-run newspaper at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario The Dalhousie Gazette (more commonly referred to as "The Gazette" is the main student publication at Dalhousie University in Halifax Nova Scotia
Student press in the United Kingdom
Student newspapers in the UK are often given a constitutionally-guaranteed editorial independence from the universities and student unions whose students they represent, although the majority are financially dependent on their Students' Union. The University of London Union (commonly referred to as ULU) is the university-wide Students' union for the University of London. London Student is the newspaper of the University of London Union. Editorial independence is the freedom of editors to make decisions without interference from the owners of a publication A students' union, student government, student senate, students' association, or guild of students is a Student Organization The most successful (in terms of student media awards) include: The Oxford Student (University of Oxford), Cherwell (University of Oxford), gair rhydd (Cardiff University), The Beaver (London School of Economics), The Warwick Boar (University of Warwick), Leeds Student (University of Leeds), yorkVision (University of York), Student (University of Edinburgh) The Steel Press (University of Sheffield), The Saint (University of St Andrews), Varsity, The Cambridge Student (University of Cambridge) and Epigram (University of Bristol). The Oxford Student is a Newspaper produced by and for members of the University of Oxford; it is sometimes abbreviated to The OxStu. Cherwell newspaper is a Student newspaper published by and for students of Oxford University. Gair Rhydd ( Welsh for "free word" is the official Student newspaper of Cardiff University. The Beaver is also a character on the United States TV series Leave It to Beaver. The Warwick Boar is the student newspaper of the University of Warwick. Leeds Student is a British weekly Student newspaper, published free every Friday during term-time and distributed around the University of Leeds York Vision (known in previous lives as yorkVision and York Student Vision) is one of two Student newspapers at the The word student is etymologically derived through Middle English from the Latin second-type conjugation Verb "studēre" Sheffield Steel Press is the University of Sheffield 's Student newspaper. The Saint is a Newspaper written by students at the University of St Andrews in Scotland. Varsity is the older of Cambridge University 's main student Newspapers ( The Cambridge Student being the other The Cambridge Student, commonly known as TCS, is the younger of Cambridge University 's Student Newspapers ( Varsity Epigram is the independent student newspaper of the University of Bristol. Examples of British student newspapers that are financially as well as editorially independent from their respective student unions are Cherwell, Varsity, The Saint, The Defender (University of Lincoln), Palatinate (Durham University), The Founder (Royal Holloway) and LX News (city-wide newspaper in Liverpool spanning across 3 Universities and 2 colleges). Palatinate is the Durham University student newspaper and is one of Britain's best-known student newspapers The Founder is the independent student newspaper at Royal Holloway University of London. Since they are not part of their Students' Union at all, their independence is given a stronger guarantee than other papers who rely on their unions for funding and consequently cover stories with that in mind.
In 2003, The National Student, the UK's first independent national student newspaper was launched. The National Student is the independent free national publication for higher education students in the United Kingdom consisting of The National Student newspaper and
Student press in the Ireland
Within University College Cork the UCC Express is an editorially independent publication of the Students' Union.
Student press in Australia
University student newspapers in the Australia are usually independent of university administration yet are connected with or run by the student representative organisation operating at the campus. Editors tend to be elected by the student body on a separate ticket to other student representatives and are paid an honorarium, although some student organisations have been known to employ unelected staff to coordinate the production of the newspaper. For a list of student newspapers in Australia see * List of University Newspapers
Controversy surrounding Australian student press
Australian student newspapers have courted controversy since their inception. Listed are Student newspapers (college and university newspapers One of the more notorious of these controversies involved the publication of an article which allegedly incited readers to shoplift. The July edition of the magazine was banned by the Office of Film and Lifterature Classication following a campaign by conservative talkback radio hosts and other media to have the material banned. The four editors of the July 1995 edition of La Trobe University student magazine Rabelais were subsequently charged with publishing, distributing and depositing an objectionable publication. An objectional publication was defined in this case, as one that incites criminal activity. [2] The editors lodged an appeal, which led to a protracted four-year court case. The appeal was eventually defeated by the full bench of the Federal Court, who refused the editors application to appeal to the High Court of Australia. [3] The charges were eventually dropped in March 1999.
References
- ^ http://customfiles.jacconline.org/pdf/AB2581.pdf
- ^ Nadya Haddad, ‘Rabble-rousing and Rabelais: fear of lawless shoplifting students’ (1998) 8(2) Polemic 32 at 33.
- ^ Federal Court of Australia, Annual report 1997 – 1998, Chapter 2, The Work of the Court, 2. 2 Decisions of Interest
See also
- Journalism
- List of student newspapers
- List of Canadian student newspapers
- List of student newspapers in the United States of America
- Society of Collegiate Journalists
- Canadian University Press
- B.U. Exposure
External links
- ASNE High School Journalism Initiative
- Student Press Law Center
- Journalism Education Association's Scholastic Press Rights Commission
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