Citizendia

Stornoway
Scottish Gaelic: Steòrnabhagh
Stornoway (Outer Hebrides)
Stornoway

Stornoway shown within the Outer Hebrides
Population8,055 [1]
LanguageGaelic
English
OS grid referenceNB426340
Council areaNa h-Eileanan Siar
Lieutenancy areaWestern Isles
Constituent countryScotland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townSTORNOWAY
Postcode districtHS1
Dialling code01851
PoliceNorthern
FireHighlands and Islands
AmbulanceScottish
European ParliamentScotland
UK ParliamentNa h-Eileanan an Iar
Scottish ParliamentWestern Isles
List of places: UKScotland

Coordinates: 58°12′33″N 6°23′14″W / 58.209068, -6.387177

Stornoway (Steòrnabhagh in Scottish Gaelic) is a burgh on Lewis (Leòdhas), in the Outer Hebrides (Gaelic: Na h-Eilean Siar) of Scotland. Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. The Outer Hebrides, ( officially known for local government purposes by the Gaelic name Na h-Eileanan Siar) comprise an island In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology A language is a dynamic set of visual auditory or tactile Symbols of Communication and the elements used to manipulate them Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude For local government purposes Scotland is divided into 32 areas designated as "council areas" which are all governed by unitary authorities designated as The Outer Hebrides, ( officially known for local government purposes by the Gaelic name Na h-Eileanan Siar) comprise an island The Lieutenancy areas of Scotland are the areas used for the ceremonial lord-lieutenants, the monarch 's representatives in Scotland. The Outer Hebrides, ( officially known for local government purposes by the Gaelic name Na h-Eileanan Siar) comprise an island Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The, also known as the Outer Hebrides postcode area, is a group of postal districts around Isle of Barra, Isle of Benbecula, Isle of Harris, The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. The Northern Constabulary (Poileas a' Chinn a Tuath is the Police force responsible for Northern Scotland, covering the council areas of The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and The Highlands and Islands Fire and Rescue Service (previously Highland and Islands Fire Brigade ( Scottish Gaelic: Seirbheisean Smàlaidh na Gàidhealtachd 's nan Eilean SASDivmap copyjpg|right|200px]] Helimed5jpg|thumb|right|EC-135 G-SASA "Helimed 5" based at Glasgow City Heliport]] The Scottish Ambulance Service ( Scottish Scotland constitutes a single Constituency of the European Parliament. This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election Na h-Eileanan an Iar (formerly Western Isles) pron nə ˈhɪlənən ənˈjɪə(r is a constituency of the House of Commons of The Scottish Parliament ( Scottish Gaelic: Pàrlamaid na h-Alba; Scots: Scottish Pairlament) is the devlolved national unicameral The Western Isles is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament ( Holyrood) A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates This List of places in Scotland is a complete collection of lists of places in Scotland. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. A Burgh (ˈbʌʀə is an autonomous corporate entity in Scotland, usually a Town. Lewis ( Leòdhas ʎɔːɣəs̪ ( Norse: Ljoðhús "home The Outer Hebrides, ( officially known for local government purposes by the Gaelic name Na h-Eileanan Siar) comprise an island Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain.

The town's population is approximately 8,055, out of a total population of 26,370 for the whole of the Western Isles. The Outer Hebrides, ( officially known for local government purposes by the Gaelic name Na h-Eileanan Siar) comprise an island Stornoway is the major town and administrative centre of the Outer Hebrides and is home to Comhairle nan Eilean Siar (the Western Isles Council). Elections General elections to the council are held on a four year cycle

Stornoway is currently twinned with the much smaller Pendleton, South Carolina, United States of America. Pendleton is a town in Anderson County, South Carolina, United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

The civil parish of Stornoway has a population of approximately 12,000 and includes the villages/suburbs of (among others) Sandwick, Plasterfield, Steinish, Laxdale, Newvalley, Newmarket, and Marybank [2]. Sandwick may refer to a settlement on the east coast of Shetland, 15 miles south of Lerwick Sandwick Orkney: a parish on the west Plasterfield is a village in the Scottish Outer Hebrides, on the island of Lewis and is effectively a suburb of Stornoway. Steinish is a village in the Scottish Outer Hebrides, on the island of Lewis, near Plasterfield and Stornoway Airport. Laxdale is a village in the Scottish Outer Hebrides, on the island of Lewis.

Contents

History

Stornoway was originally a Viking settlement and developed around its well sheltered natural harbour. A Viking is one of the Norse ( Scandinavian Explorers Warriors Merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas A harbor or harbour (see spelling differences) or haven, is a place where ships may shelter from the Weather or are stored Reflecting this, the name Stornoway itself is derived from 'Stjornavagr', an Old Norse word for 'steering bay'. Old Norse is the North Germanic language that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age Medieval development of the town was spurred by the construction of the original castle in the High Middle Ages by the Nicolson (or MacNicol) family, themselves of Viking descent. The High Middle Ages was the period of European history in the 11th 12th and 13th centuries (AD 1000&ndash1299 Infighting between rival clans continued throughout the Late Middle Ages and resisted an attempt by the then King of Scotland James VI to colonise Lewis in 1597. The Late Middle Ages is a term used by historians to describe European history in the period of the 14th and 15th centuries (AD 1300–1499 The monarch of Scotland was the Head of state of the Kingdom of Scotland. James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625 was King of Scotland as James VI, and King of England and King of Ireland as James

The castle was destroyed by Oliver Cromwell's forces in the aftermath of his Scottish campaign in the mid 17th century, and the ownership of Stornoway - and by extension, Lewis - passed from the MacKenzies of Kintail through the Seaforth family and Sir James Matheson (and his descendants) to William Lever, 1st Viscount Leverhulme. Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 Old Style &ndash 3 September 1658 Old Style) was an English military and political leader best known Sir James Nicolas Sutherland Matheson 1st Baronet ( 17 October 1796 &ndash 31 December 1878) born in Shiness Lairg, Sutherland William Hesketh Lever 1st Viscount Leverhulme ( 19 September 1851 &ndash 7 May 1925) was an English Industrialist philanthropist Lord Leverhulme finally gifted the town's parish to the Stornoway Trust, whose ownership remains to this day.

Harbour and Maritime Industry

Panorama of Stornoway Harbour area from Arnish Point
Panorama of Stornoway Harbour area from Arnish Point

Today the harbour hosts a fishing fleet (and associated shoreside services) somewhat reduced from its heyday, a small marina and moorings for pleasure craft, a small shipyard and slipway, 3 larger piers for commercial traffic and Stornoway Lifeboat Station, run by the RNLI and home to a Severn class lifeboat, Tom Sanderson. The founder Sir William Hillary Sir William Hillary came to live on the Isle of Man in 1808 Gallery Her Majesty's Coastguard operates a Maritime Rescue Sub Centre from a building near the harbour. Her Majesty's Coastguard is the service of the Government of the United Kingdom concerned with co-ordinating Rescue at sea

A lighthouse, seaweed processing plant and a renewable energy manufacturing yard are situated on Arnish Point at the mouth of the harbour and visually dominate the approaches. Arnish Point is also earmarked by AMEC as the landfall for its proposed private sub-sea cable which would export the electricity generated from the Lewis Windpower wind farm with a planning application for 181 turbines submitted to the Scottish Executive. AMEC plc ( is a British company headquartered in London. It carries out high-value consultancy engineering and project management services for the oil and A wind farm is a group of Wind turbines in the same location used for production of electric power In February 2007 Western Isles Council made a recommendation to the government that the plans be approved subject to a number of conditions including the removal of five turbines.

The Arnish area was also surveyed by SSE for a second sub-sea cable but lost out in favour of Gravir to the south as the preferred site. Scottish and Southern Energy plc ( is a leading British -based energy company A submarine communications cable is a cable laid beneath the sea to carry Telecommunications between countries Gravir ( Grabhair in Scottish Gaelic), is a village on the shore of Loch Odhairn (a Sea loch) in the Park district of the

The manufacturing yard was originally established in the 1970s as a fabrication plant for the oil industry but suffered regular boom and bust cycles. The downturn in business from the North Sea oil industry in recent years led to a move away from serving this market. North Sea oil refers to oil and Natural gas ( Hydrocarbons produced from Oil reservoirs beneath the North Sea. The yard is now earmarked as a key business in the development of the whole Arnish Point industrial estate and has received large amounts of funding in recent years.

In 2007 the Arnish yard was taken over by its third tenant in as many years. Cambrian Engineering fell into liquidation as did Aberdeen-owned Camcal Ltd with relatively large scale redundancies. Both firms were affected by the absence of a regular stream of orders and left a chain of large debts impacting upon local suppliers. Altissimo Ltd is a new firm backed by a group of Swiss and Dutch investors, and has purchased the Camcal name from the previous operator [3]. In December 2007, the yard won a contract to construct 49 towers for wind turbines in Turkey. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches This will ensure employment for around 70 employees for over six months. [1]

On 1 January 1919, the Iolaire sank at the entrance of the harbour, one of the worst maritime disasters in Scottish or UK waters, with a death toll of 200 men. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Iolaire ( Scottish Gaelic for Eagle) was an Admiralty yacht whose sinking on the 1 January 1919 in The Minch The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located

Transport

MV Isle of Lewis
MV Isle of Lewis

A Caledonian Macbrayne operated ferry (MV Isle of Lewis) sails from the harbour to Ullapool on the Scottish mainland, taking 2 hours 45 minutes. Stornoway Airport is an airfield located 2 Nautical miles (37 km east of the Burgh of Stornoway on the Isle of Lewis, off the coast of Caledonian MacBrayne (usually shortened to Cal Mac; Caledonian Mac a' Bhriuthainn in Scottish Gaelic) is the major operator of passenger and vehicle ferries See also Merchant ship A ferry is a form of transport usually a Boat or Ship, used to carry (or ferry) passengers and History MV Isle of Lewis was built at Ferguson Shipbuilders in Port Glasgow on the Clyde and entered service in 1995 Ullapool ( Ullapul or Ulapul in Gaelic, the "U" pronounced like the "U" in "sea gull" is a small Town of around There are an average of two return crossings a day, with an increase and reduction in frequency in summer and winter months respectively. As ferry traffic has increased, a second ship (MV Muirneag) now provides a single early morning sailing to carry most of the island's freight lorries.

Suggestions for the possibility of an undersea tunnel linking Lewis and Harris to the Scottish mainland were raised in early 2007. One of the possible routes, between Stornoway and Ullapool, would be over 40 miles long and hence become the longest road tunnel in the world. [4] [5]

Stornoway is also the public transport hub of Lewis, and bus services provides links to Point, Ness, Back and Tolsta, Uig, the West Side, Lochs and Tarbert, Harris. Tarbert (Tairbeart is the main community on Harris in the Western Isles of Scotland. These services are provided by the Comhairle and several private operators as well as some community-run organisations.

The town of Stornoway also has an airport (Stornoway Airport), 2 miles away from the town itself, and it is located next to the village of Melbost. Stornoway Airport is an airfield located 2 Nautical miles (37 km east of the Burgh of Stornoway on the Isle of Lewis, off the coast of Melbost ( Mealabost) is a village to the east coast of the Isle of Lewis, in Scotland 's north-west From here services operate to Aberdeen, Benbecula, Edinburgh, Inverness and Glasgow, with flights from British Airways franchisee Loganair, Eastern Airways and Highland Airways. Aberdeen ( pronounced; Aiberdeen Obar Dheathain is Scotland 's third most populous city and one of Scotland's 32 local government council Benbecula ( Gaelic: Beinn nam Fadhla peɲəˈvɤːlˠ̪ə is an Island of the Outer Hebrides in the Atlantic Ocean off the west coast Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. Inverness (Inbhir Nis iɲɪɾʲˈniʃ is a city in northern Scotland. Glasgow (ˈglæzgoʊ is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom British Airways plc ( is the national Airline and Flag carrier of the United Kingdom and one of the largest in Europe Loganair is an Airline based at Glasgow International Airport in Scotland. This article is about the UK company For the defunct US air carrier see Eastern Air Lines. Highland Airways is a Scottish Airline based in Inverness, Scotland. The airport is also the base of a HM Coastguard Search & Rescue Sikorsky S-92 helicopter, and was previously home to RAF Stornoway. Her Majesty's Coastguard is the service of the Government of the United Kingdom concerned with co-ordinating Rescue at sea WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout RAF Stornoway was a Royal Air Force station near the Burgh of Stornoway, on the Isle of Lewis, in the Western Isles of

Education

Boats in Stornoway harbour
Boats in Stornoway harbour

Stornoway is home to a small campus of the University of Stirling, teaching nursing, which is based in Ospadal nan Eilean (Western Isles Hospital). The University of Stirling founded in 1967 in Stirling, Scotland.

There is also a further education college, Lews Castle College, which is part of the UHI Millennium Institute. Lews Castle College ( Colaisde a' Chaisteil) is a further and higher education college in the Western Isles of Scotland. The UHI Millennium Institute ( Scottish Gaelic: Institiùd OGE nam Mìle Bliadhna) is a federation of 15 Colleges and Research institutions

The Nicolson Institute is the only secondary school in Lewis providing a six year course, with a roll of approximately 1,100 pupils. The Nicolson Institute, Stornoway is the largest school in the Western Isles, Scotland.

Sport

Football is the most popular amateur sport and Goathill Park in the town hosts special matches involving select teams and visiting clubs and other organisations. Two local teams currently participate in the Lewis and Harris Football League, Stornoway Athletic (Aths) and Stornoway United. Until the early 1990s there was also Stornoway Rovers. Shinty is not as popular as in the rest of the West of Scotland, but the Lewis Camanachd team is based around the town. Shinty (derived from the Scottish Gaelic sinteag although it is referred to as camanachd or iomain in modern Gaelic is a Team sport Lewis Camanachd AKA Comann Camanachd Leòdhais in Scots Gaelic, is the senior Shinty team from the Isle of Lewis, Scotland Rugby Union is also popular.

The Lews Castle Grounds is the home of Stornoway Golf Club (the only 18-hole golf course in the Outer Hebrides).

Attached to the Nicolson Institute is the Ionad Spors Leòdhas (Lewis Sports Centre), which has a Sports Hall, Fitness Suite, Climbing Wall, Swimming Pool and various other facilities. It also boasts an all-weather pitch and a running track.

There is also the Stornoway Karate Club, a member of the International Japan Karate Association. The club has run for over thirty years, under the teaching of Sadashige Kato.

Culture

Stornoway Golf Club hosts the annual Hebridean Celtic Festival. The Hebridean Celtic Festival ( Scottish Gaelic: Fèis Cheilteach Innse Gall) is an international Celtic music festival which takes place annually in This 3-day festival attracts over 10,000 visitors during July of each year. The Royal National Mod has been held in Stornoway on a number of occasions, most recently in 2001 and 2005. The Royal National Mod, (Am Mòd Nàiseanta Rìoghail is the annual national mod, a festival of Scottish Gaelic song arts and culture Large influxes of visitors such as for these events can strain the town's accommodation capacity.

Broadcasting

The radio station Isles FM is based in Stornoway and broadcasts on 103FM, featuring a mixture of Gaelic and English programming. Isles FM is a local radio station operating from Stornoway in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages.

It is also home to a studio operated by BBC Radio nan Gàidheal, and Studio Alba, an independent television studio from where the Gaelic TV channel TeleG is broadcast. The term television channel generally refers to either a Television station or its cable / satellite counterpart (both outlined below TeleG was established as the first daily digital Gaelic TV channel in Scotland on 31 October 1999.

Attractions

Lews Castle in Stornoway
Lews Castle in Stornoway

Notable buildings in Stornoway include:

It is also home to a new arts centre, an Lanntair, containing an art gallery, auditorium for film showings, music and other performances, a restaurant and bar. An Lanntair is an arts centre in the town of Stornoway in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland An art gallery or art museum is a space for the exhibition of art, usually Visual art.

Other attractions include a museum and the Lewis Loom Centre. The Lewis Loom Centre is the heart of the Harris Tweed industry

Stornoway in popular media

Stornoway became immortalised in the song "Lovely Stornoway" by Calum Kennedy and Bob Halfin. Calum Kennedy (born as Malcolm Martin Kennedy on 2 June 1928, Isle of Lewis &ndash died 15 April 2006, Aberdeen

RAF Stornoway is featured in the Tom Clancy novel Red Storm Rising as a base for Allied air operations over the North Atlantic and against Soviet-held Iceland. RAF Stornoway was a Royal Air Force station near the Burgh of Stornoway, on the Isle of Lewis, in the Western Isles of Thomas Leo Clancy Jr (born April 12 1947) is an American author best known for his technically detailed espionage and Military science storylines Red Storm Rising is a 1986 Techno-thriller novel by Tom Clancy and Larry Bond about a Third World War in Europe between A soviet (сове́т, "council" originally was a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia. Iceland, officially the Republic of Iceland ( ( Ísland or Lýðveldið Ísland (

Stornoway features heavily in the initial stages of the X-Men comics Dark Phoenix Saga due to its proximity to the ficitonal Muir Island and Proteus' attempts to find a new host body. The X-Men is a team of fictional Superhero characters in Comic books published by Marvel Comics. The Dark Phoenix Saga is an extended X-Men storyline in the fictional Marvel Comics Universe, focusing on Jean Grey and the Phoenix Force Muir Island is a small fictional island off of the northern coast of Scotland in the Marvel Comics universe. Kevin MacTaggert best known as Proteus and also called Mutant X is a Marvel Comics character, associated with the X-Men.

Stornoway's Sabbath

Stornoway, and the northern (Protestant) Western Isles as a whole, is known throughout Scotland for its adherence to the Sabbath (Christian observance - on Sundays). Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. In Christianity, the Sabbath is generally a weekly religious Day of rest as ordained by one of the Ten Commandments (the third by Roman Catholic While some believe this to be simply a lack of amenities and facilities for locals and tourists, others believe it to be a vital aspect of island life, a link to tradition and an alternative to the more active lifestyle prevalent on the mainland. As Stornoway, with the majority of the island's services, shops and businesses, undergoes the most visible change on a Sunday it is often seen as a focal point for the whole issue.

In recent years an increasing number of transport services have begun operating on a Sunday. The first Sunday air service began in October 2002 and was met by protests from church groups under the banner of the Lord's Day Observance Society [6]. Day One Christian Ministries is a United Kingdom -based Christian organisation which lobbies for no work on Sunday the day that many Christians celebrate as the The Sunday air services have expanded and there are now two return flights to Inverness and one to Glasgow as well as becoming generally more accepted. Ferry travel on Sundays from Lewis and Harris is now possible after Caledonian MacBrayne introduced such a service to the timetable of the Sound of Harris ferry [7]. The introduction of this service was not directly met with protests, but an opposing petition was signed by a significant majority of the local (South Harris) population.

The introduction of extra and new forms of service is perhaps a sign of those in favour of stricter observance's fear that each change to Sabbath lifestyle and new service introduction is eroding general Sabbath observance. Regardless, there are still marked differences between Sundays on Lewis and Harris and those else where in the UK and this particular example of Sunday observance only survives here, with the Sabbath continuing to be considered a day of rest. Opposition to a more cosmopolitan Sunday is not exclusively for religious reasons, though the strong Presbyterian (mainly Free Church) makeup of the island undoubtedly is a major force behind campaigns to retain Sunday's peaceful nature. Presbyterianism is a family of Christian denominations within the Reformed branch of Protestant Western Christianity

Hotels and restaurants are generally open along with most bars (some with shorter opening periods). A single petrol station, Engebrets, and its associated shop is open from 12 noon – 4 pm, but no other shops are open and Sunday newspapers are not available as the scheduled flights are too late in the day.

Statistics

A poll conducted in 2000 showed slightly more than 60% of islanders in favour of having ferry and air travel available on Sundays [8] though a still larger majority wanted a referendum on such matters – something that has not taken place. The same poll showed a clear majority against the opening of shops, however. A more recent Poll by the Hebridean newspaper suggested that 89% of Stornoway residents would use facilities on a Sunday if they were available.

Famous people

Born in Stornoway

Links to Stornoway

Areas of the town

Gallery

References

  1. ^ Yard wins biggest wind tower job. Stornoway Airport is an airfield located 2 Nautical miles (37 km east of the Burgh of Stornoway on the Isle of Lewis, off the coast of BBC News online (2007-12-10). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V Retrieved on 2007-12-22. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies

External links


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