A stinger (or more correctly, sting) is a common term for a sharp organ or body part found in various animals (typically arthropods) or plants that usually delivers some kind of venom (usually piercing the skin of another animal) or an electric shock. In Biology, an organ ( Latin: organum, "instrument tool" from Greek όργανον - organon "organ instrument Arthropods are Animals belonging to the Phylum Arthropoda (from Greek ἄρθρον arthron, " Joint " This article is about the class of Biotoxins For other uses see Venom (disambiguation and Venomous (disambiguation. A poisonous sting differs from other piercing organs in that it pierces by its own action, as opposed to teeth, which pierce by the force of jaws, or thorns, which pierce by the action of the victim. The jaw is either of the two opposable structures forming or near the entrance to the Mouth. Spines are leaves that have been modified into cylindrical hard structures with sharp ends

"Sting" also refers to the wound caused by a sting. It is also used as a verb: "to sting" is to inflict such a wound.

Contents 1 Zoology 2 Non-arthropods with stings 3 Botany 4 See also 5 Sources and references

Zoology

The main type of construction of stings is a sharp organ of offense or defense, especially when connected with a venom gland, and adapted to inflict a wound by piercing; as the caudal sting of a scorpion. A wasp is any Insect of the order Hymenoptera and suborder Apocrita that is neither a Bee nor Ant. This article is about the class of Biotoxins For other uses see Venom (disambiguation and Venomous (disambiguation. This article is about the class of Biotoxins For other uses see Venom (disambiguation and Venomous (disambiguation. Scorpions are eight-legged Carnivorous Arthropods They are members of the order Scorpiones within the class Arachnida.

The sting is typically located at the rear of the animal, near the tail (if any). The tail is the section at the rear end of an Animal 's Body; in general the term refers to a distinct flexible Appendage to the Torso. Animals with stings include bees, wasps, hornets, and scorpions - although the scorpion's sting is not homologous to that of the other three, but is rather an example of convergent evolution. Bees are flying Insects closely related to Wasps and Ants Bees are a Monophyletic lineage within the superfamily Apoidea A wasp is any Insect of the order Hymenoptera and suborder Apocrita that is neither a Bee nor Ant. Hornets are the largest eusocial Wasps that reach up to 45 Millimetres (1 Scorpions are eight-legged Carnivorous Arthropods They are members of the order Scorpiones within the class Arachnida. In Evolutionary biology, homology has come to mean any similarity between characters that is due to their shared ancestry. Convergent evolution describes the acquisition of the same biological trait in unrelated lineages

Uniquely in honey bees amongst bees and wasps, the workers' stings (a modified ovipositor as in other stinging Hymenoptera) are barbed, and lodge in the flesh of mammals upon use and tear free from the honey bee's body, leading to the bee's death within minutes. This article refers collectively to all true honey bees for the "common" domesticated honey bee see European honey bee Honey bees The ovipositor is an organ used by some of the Animals for Oviposition, i Hymenoptera is one of the larger orders of Insects comprising the sawflies, Wasps Bees and Ants The name refers to Mammals ( class Mammalia) are a class of Vertebrate Animals characterized by the presence of Sweat glands, including sweat glands The sting has its own ganglion and it continues to saw into the target's flesh and release venom for several minutes. In Anatomy, a ganglion (pl ganglia) is a tissue mass. Neurology In neurological contexts ganglia are composed mainly of The question of how such a trait could have evolved, when it is of such an obvious disadvantage to the individual, is resolved when one realizes that mammalian predators can easily destroy the entire colony if not repelled; if the colony is destroyed, a worker, being sterile, will die without offspring, so only through defense of the colony can she see to it that her genes are passed on. The barbs ensure that a honey bee's attack is only suicidal if the attacker is a mammal; they can sting other bees (in inter-colony raids) repeatedly. Thus, under natural conditions, the suicidal aspect of the honey bee sting's barbs only come into play in the event of an attack which threatens to wipe out the entire colony. The sting of nearly all other bees and wasps is not barbed, and so can be used to sting mammals repeatedly; the only exceptions (yellowjacket wasps and the Mexican honey wasp) have barbs so small that they do not cause the sting apparatus to pull free, so they may sting more than once. Yellowjacket or yellow-jacket is the Common name in North America for predatory Wasps of the genera Vespula and Brachygastra mellifica (sometimes called the Mexican honey wasp) is a small Neotropical Paper wasp, primarily distributed from Mexico

Non-arthropods with stings

Organs that perform similar functions in non-arthropods are often referred to as "stingers". These include the modified dorsal fin of the stingray, the cnidocyte tentacles of the jellyfish, and the venomous spurs on the hind legs of the male duck-billed platypus. A dorsal fin is a Fin located on the backs of some Fishes Whales Dolphins and Porpoises as well as the (extinct Dasyatidae is a family of rays, cartilaginous marine Fishes related to Skates and Sharks Dasyatids are common in tropical A cnidocyte, cnidoblast or nematocyte, is a type of Venomous cell unique to the Phylum Cnidaria ( Corals Tentacles can refer to the elongated flexible organs that are present in some animals especially Invertebrates and sometimes to the hairs of the leaves of some insectivorous Jellyfish are free-swimming members of the phylum Cnidaria. They have several different basic morphologies that represent several different cnidarian classes including the The Platypus is one of the few mammals to produce Venom. The male has a pair of spurs on the hind limbs through which it delivers a cocktail of poisons that while excruciatingly The Platypus ( Ornithorhynchus anatinus) is a semi- aquatic Mammal endemic to eastern Australia, including Tasmania.

As well, the term is sometimes applied to the fang (a modified tooth) of a snake. FANG is a Japanese Manga series by Yoshihiro Takahashi. Story Characters;Asikari: (Wolf/ German Shepherd A snake is an elongate Reptile of the suborder Serpentes Like all reptiles snakes are covered in scales. One species of snake, Psammophylax rhombeatus, is even known as skaapsteker (Afrikaans for sheep stinger). It is extremely common in South Africa, and far north along the east and west coast.

Botany

A sharp-pointed hollow hair seated on a gland which secrets an acrid fluid, as in nettles. Nettle is the common name for between 30-45 species of Flowering plants of the genus Urtica in the family Urticaceae, with a cosmopolitan though The points of these hairs usually break off in the wound, and the acrid fluid is pressed into it.

See also

• Bee sting
• Insect bite
• Cnidocyte
• Schmidt Sting Pain Index

Sources and references

• the 1913 edition of Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. A bee sting strictly means a sting from a Bee ( Honey bee, Bumblebee, Sweat bee etc Insect bites and stings occur when an Insect is agitated and seeks to defend itself through its natural defense mechanisms or when an insect seeks to feed off the bitten person A cnidocyte, cnidoblast or nematocyte, is a type of Venomous cell unique to the Phylum Cnidaria ( Corals The Schmidt Sting Pain Index or the Justin O Schmidt Pain Index is a Pain scale rating the relative pain caused by different Hymenopteran stings

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