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Stephen Stills
Stephen Stills performing in 2007
Stephen Stills performing in 2007
Background information
Birth name Stephen Arthur Stills
Born January 3, 1945 (1945-01-03) (age 63)
Dallas, Texas, U.S.
Genre(s) Rock, Folk-rock, Blues-rock
Occupation(s) Musician, Songwriter, Producer
Instrument(s) Vocals, Guitar, Bass, Piano, Organ, Percussion
Years active 1962 - present
Label(s) Columbia, Atlantic, Reprise, Vision, Raven, Titan/Pyramid
Associated acts Buffalo Springfield, Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, The Stills-Young Band, Au Go Go Singers, The Continentals, Manassas
Website http://stephenstills.com/
Notable instrument(s)
G6136-1958 Stephen Stills White Falcon

Stephen Arthur Stills (born January 3, 1945) is an American guitarist and singer/songwriter best known for his work with Buffalo Springfield and Crosby, Stills & Nash (and Young). Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. Folk rock is a musical genre combining elements of Folk music and rock music. Blues-rock is a hybrid musical genre combining Bluesy improvisations over the 12-bar blues and extended Boogie jams with Rock A musician is a person who plays or writes Music. Musicians can be classified by their roles in creating or performing music An instrumentalist plays a A songwriter is someone who writes the Lyrics to songs the Musical composition (chords or Melody to songs or both In the Music industry, a record producer or music producer has many roles among them controlling the recording sessions coaching and guiding the musicians organizing A musical instrument is a device constructed or modified for the purpose of making Music. The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles The electric bass guitar (also called electric bass, or simply bass; ˈbeɪs as in "base" is a Stringed instrument played primarily with the The piano is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with Felt covered hammers A keyboard instrument is any musical instrument played using a Musical keyboard. In the Music industry, a record label can be a Brand and a Trademark associated with the Marketing of music recordings and Music Columbia Records is an American Record label founded in 1888 Columbia is the oldest surviving Brand name in pre-recorded sound being the first record company Atlantic Records ( Atlantic Recording Corporation) is an American Record label best known for its many recordings of Rhythm & blues, Rock Reprise Records is an American Record label, founded in 1960 by Frank Sinatra, which is owned by Warner Music Group, and operated Raven Records is an Australian Record label that specializes in retrospectives and Reissues or recordings by American, British Buffalo Springfield was a short-lived but influential Folk rock group that served as a springboard for the careers of Neil Young, Stephen Stills, Crosby Stills & Nash ( CSN) is a Folk rock / rock supergroup made up of David Crosby, Stephen Stills and Graham Nash Long May You Run is an album credited to "The Stills-Young Band" but is a de facto collaboration between Stephen Stills and Neil Young, released The Cafe au Go Go was a Greenwich Village Night club located in the basement of 152 Bleecker Street, New York NY Manassas were a seventies rock band formed by Stephen Stills in 1971 Gretsch is a US Musical instrument manufacturer currently being distributed by Guitar company Fender and Drum craft company Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles Singer-songwriter is a term that refers to Performers who write, compose and sing their own material including Lyrics Buffalo Springfield was a short-lived but influential Folk rock group that served as a springboard for the careers of Neil Young, Stephen Stills, Crosby Stills & Nash ( CSN) is a Folk rock / rock supergroup made up of David Crosby, Stephen Stills and Graham Nash In 2003, Rolling Stone magazine ranked Stills #28 in its list of "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time". Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published

Contents

Early years

Stephen Stills was born in Dallas, Texas on January 3, 1945 to a military family. Moving around as a child, he developed an interest in blues and folk music. The Blues is a vocal and instrumental form of Music based on the use of the Blue notes It emerged as an accessible form of self-expression Folk music can have a number of different meanings including Traditional music: The original meaning of the term "folk music" was synonymous He was also influenced by Latin music after spending his youth in Gainesville and Tampa, Florida, Costa Rica and the Panama Canal Zone, where he graduated from high school. Latin music, includes the music of all countries in Latin America (and the Caribbean) and comes in many varieties Gainesville is the largest City in and County seat of Alachua County, Florida, United States. Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( Spanish: Costa Rica or República de Costa Rica,) is a Country in The Panama Canal Zone (Zona del Canal de Panamá was a 553 square mile (1432 km² territory inside of Panama, consisting of the Panama Canal and an area generally High school is the name used in some parts of the world (in particular Scotland, North America and Australia) to describe an institution

Stills dropped out of the University of Florida to pursue a music career in the early 1960s. The University of Florida ( Florida or UF) is a public land-grant, sea-grant, space-grant major Research He played in a series of unsuccessful bands including The Continentals, which featured future Eagles guitarist Don Felder. Donald William Felder (born September 21 1947 in Gainesville Florida) is an American Rock musician who was a member of the Eagles Stills could also be seen singing solo in Gerde's Folk City, a well-known coffee house in Greenwich Village. Gerde's Folk City was a legendary venue in the West Village. Opened by owner Mike Porco as a coffeehouse in 1952 it was located at 11 West 4th Street (the building Stills eventually ended up in a nine-member vocal harmony group, the house act at the famous Cafe Au Go Go in NYC, called the Au Go Go Singers (Rick Geiger, Roy Michaels, Michael Scott, Jean Gurney, Kathy King, Nels Gustafson, Bob Harmelink, Richie Furay & Stills) where and when he met Richie Furay. The Cafe au Go Go was a Greenwich Village Night club located in the basement of 152 Bleecker Street, New York NY The Cafe au Go Go was a Greenwich Village Night club located in the basement of 152 Bleecker Street, New York NY Richie Furay (born Paul Richard Furay 9 May 1944, Yellow Springs, Ohio) is an American Singer, Songwriter This group also did some touring in the Catskills, and in the South, released one album in 1964, then broke up in 1965. Afterwards, Stills, along with four other former members of the Au Go Go Singers: Geiger, Michaels, Gurney & Scott, formed The Company, a folk/rock group. The Company was a Folk-rock band a short-lived off-shoot of the Au Go-Go Singers, featuring Roy Michaels Rick Geiger Michael Scott Jean Gurney and Stephen The Company embarked on a 6-week tour of Canada where Stills met a young guitarist named Neil Young. Neil Percival Young OM (born November 12, 1945, Toronto Ontario) is a Canadian Singer-songwriter, Musician On the VH1 CSNY Legends special, Stills would say that at that time, Young was doing what he always wanted to do, "play folk music in a rock band. VH1 (known as VH-1 Video Hits One from 1985 to 1994 and VH1 Music First until 2003) is an American Cable television " The Company broke up in New York within four months, opening up the way for Geiger to join a light opera company in Los Angeles; Michaels to link up with Jimi Hendrix, Gurney to go on to college while doing TV commercials, and Scott to tour with a retro-Highwaymen. Stills did session work and went to various auditions (including an unsuccessful one for The Monkees). For the group's self-titled album see The Monkees (album. For the TV series see The Monkees (TV series. In 1966 he convinced a reluctant former Au Go Go Singer, Richie Furay, then living in Massachusetts, to move with him to California.

Buffalo Springfield & CSNY

Stills, Furay, and Young reunited in Los Angeles and formed the core of Buffalo Springfield. Buffalo Springfield was a short-lived but influential Folk rock group that served as a springboard for the careers of Neil Young, Stephen Stills, Crosby Stills & Nash ( CSN) is a Folk rock / rock supergroup made up of David Crosby, Stephen Stills and Graham Nash Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Legend has it that Stills and Furay recognized Young's converted hearse on the streets of LA and flagged him down, a meeting described in the recent solo track "Round the Bend". The band would release three albums (Buffalo Springfield, Buffalo Springfield Again, and Last Time Around) and one hit single (Stills' "For What It's Worth") before breaking up. Buffalo Springfield is the self-titled debut Album by Folk rock band Buffalo Springfield, released in 1966 (see 1966 in music) Buffalo Springfield Again is a Folk rock album by Buffalo Springfield, a band which included future stars Stephen Stills, Neil Young Last Time Around is the third and final album by Folk rock band Buffalo Springfield, released in 1968 (see 1968 in music)

Stills' guitar playing continually evolved. Early on, it displayed sources in generic rock 'n' roll, blues, and country music, as well as the chordings familiar in the acoustic-folk music scene. Soon Stills' playing showed the influence of his friend Jimi Hendrix and also sometimes the rhythms and riffs of various kinds of Latin music. James Marshall Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix) (November 27 1942 – September 18 1970 was an American Guitarist, Singer and Songwriter Stills is notorious for experimenting with the guitar itself. This includes such things as soaking strings in barbecue sauce or flipping pickups to mimic Hendrix playing a right-handed guitar left handed. He is also known for using unconventional tunings, particularly on acoustic. He is also adept at piano, organ and bass and plays some drums. "'Stephen had a vision,' [Graham] Nash says. 'David [Crosby] and I let him run with it. ' Stills played nearly every instrument on Crosby, Stills and Nash, earning the nickname Captain Manyhands. " (from RollingStone. com)

During the disintegration of Buffalo Springfield, Stills joined up with ex-Byrd David Crosby and ex-Hollie Graham Nash to form the supergroup Crosby, Stills & Nash. The Byrds were a popular American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1964 David Van Cortlandt Crosby (born August 14, 1941) is an American Guitarist, Singer, and Songwriter. The Hollies are an English Rock and roll band formed in the early 1960s. Graham William Nash (born 2 February 1942) is an British-American Singer-songwriter known for his light tenor vocals and for his songwriting contributions SuperGroup is a Reality show on the channel VH1. The show puts together five Heavy metal musicians packed into a large mansion that must play a show after Cass Elliot invited Graham Nash over to meet Stills and David Crosby at the home of well known folk artist and painter Joni Mitchell, who painted several artworks of the three. Cass Elliot ( September 19 1941 – July 29 1974) born Ellen Naomi Cohen, was a noted American Singer, best Joni Mitchell, CC (born Roberta Joan Anderson on November 7 1943) is a Canadian Musician, Songwriter, and Mitchell also contributed the artwork seen on the cover of the CSNY collection album "So Far", released in 1974. The cover photo pictured on the trio's first self-titled album in 1969 was taken on the back porch of a house in West Hollywood which was torn down the next day. Stills overdubbed much of the musical backing himself for the first CSN album with only Dallas Taylor's drums and some rhythm guitar from Crosby and Nash. Neil Young was added for their second album, and the group became Crosby, Stills, Nash, and Young. During the late 1960s and early 1970s, CSN and CSNY was one of the few North American groups to rival the Beatles in popularity. The Beatles were a pop and rock band from Liverpool, England formed in 1960 Despite several breakups and reformations, CSN (and sometimes CSNY) still record and tour to this day.

Solo years

In the wake of CSNY's success, all four members recorded solo albums. In 1970, Stills released his self-titled debut, which featured guests Eric Clapton, Jimi Hendrix (on what was possibly his last recording before he died), "Mama" Cass Elliot, Booker T Jones and Ringo Starr (credited only as "Richie") as well as contributions from various members of the CSNY band. Stephen Stills is an eponymous rock album by the musician famous for his long-time membership in Crosby Stills & Nash. Eric Patrick Clapton, CBE (born 30 March 1945 is an English Blues-rock Guitarist, singer Songwriter and Composer James Marshall Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix) (November 27 1942 – September 18 1970 was an American Guitarist, Singer and Songwriter Cass Elliot ( September 19 1941 – July 29 1974) born Ellen Naomi Cohen, was a noted American Singer, best Booker T Jones (born November 12 1944) is a multi- Instrumentalist, Songwriter, Record producer and Arranger, best Ringo Starr, MBE (born Richard Starkey on 7 July 1940 is an English Musician, Singer, Songwriter and Actor It provided Stills with the hit single "Love The One You're With" as well as the concert favorite "Black Queen. " Stills followed this with Stephen Stills 2, which featured "Change Partners. " Even though it was written before CSN formed, Nash saw this song as a metaphor for the many relationships in CSNY, while Stills viewed the band as something much less bland and repetitive.

The next year, Stills teamed up with ex-Byrd Chris Hillman and several CSNY sidemen to form the band Manassas. Chris Hillman (born Christopher Hillman December 4 1944, Los Angeles, California) was one of the original members of The Byrds Manassas were a seventies rock band formed by Stephen Stills in 1971 With Manassas Stills recorded the self-titled double album Manassas. ' Manassas' is the 1972 debut Double album from Stephen Stills ' band of the same name The album was a mixture of blues, folk and Latin music divided into different sections, and is considered by many to be one of Stills' best albums.

During a Manassas tour in France, Stills met and married French singer-songwriter Veronique Sanson. Véronique Sanson (full name Veronique Marie Line Sanson according to the ASCAP Songwriter's Database (born April 24, 1949, in Boulogne, near Paris Then he switched to Columbia Records, where he recorded two albums: Stills in 1975 and the punningly titled Illegal Stills in 1976. Columbia Records is an American Record label founded in 1888 Columbia is the oldest surviving Brand name in pre-recorded sound being the first record company The former record found Stills in an uncharacteristically joyful mood; his marriage was going great, his son Chris had just been born, and he was happy living in Colorado. Chris Stills (born 1974 is the son of American rock musician Stephen Stills and French singer-songwriter Veronique Sanson. The State of Colorado ( or chiefly by nonresidents) is a state located in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States of America. "To Mama From Christopher and the Old Man" was an exceptionally optimistic view of his new family.

In 1976, Stills attempted a reunion with Neil Young. At one point, Long May You Run was slated to be a CSNY record, but when Crosby and Nash left to fulfill recording and touring obligations, according to both David and Graham the other pair wiped their vocals from the recordings, as Stills and Young decided to go on without their erstwhile partners as The Stills-Young Band. Long May You Run is an album credited to "The Stills-Young Band" but is a de facto collaboration between Stephen Stills and Neil Young, released However, Young would leave midway through the resulting tour due to an apparent throat infection. Stills was contractually bound to finish the tour, which he did, but upon returning home, his wife announced she wanted a divorce and wished to move back to France. Stills reunited with Crosby and Nash shortly afterwards, thanks to the efforts of Nash's future wife Susan, who got Nash to forgive Stills for wiping the Crosby and Nash vocals from Long May You Run. This led to the semi-permanent CSN reunion of 1977, which has persisted even though all three have released solo records since then. Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays

In 1997, Stills became the first person to be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice in the same night for his work with CSN and the Buffalo Springfield. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is a Museum located on the shores of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland Ohio, United States Fender Musical Instruments crafted a custom guitar and presented it to Stills to commemorate the occasion, this Telecaster style guitar bears an inscription on the neck plate.

2005 saw Stills release 'Man Alive', his first solo offering in 14 years. Although not troubling the chart compilers on either side of the Atlantic, the record was critically well received and is regarded by many fans as his best since the mid seventies.

2006 and 2007 Stills toured often as a solo Artist with "The Quartet"- Joe Vitale on Drums, Mike Finnegan on Hammond Organ and Keys ( 2007 Todd Caldwell),Kevin McCormick on Bass (2007 Kenny Pasarelli). Often a long acoustic solo section of the show would feature songs rarely played and showcase agile finger style playing in standard and altered tunings.

Political activities

CSN&Y have long been involved in liberal causes and politics. Modern liberalism in the United States, also referred to as American liberalism, is a political ideology that seeks to use the power of the state to effect change upon society In 2000, Stills served as a member of the Democratic credentials committee from Florida during the Democratic National Convention, and was an actual delegate in previous years. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the The 2000 National Convention of the US Democratic Party nominated Vice President Al Gore for President and Connecticut [1]

Miscellany

Stills was a prolific songwriter before becoming a star performer; his composition Sit Down, I Think I Love You, was a minor hit for The Mojo Men before it was recorded by the Buffalo Springfield. The Mojo Men were a Rock music band, inspired by The Beatles and The Rolling Stones, that recorded for the Autumn Records

In 1966, Stills auditioned for The Monkees, but he dropped out, partially because his already-thinning hair and bad teeth made him look too old for the part, and partially because the actor's contract required him to assign his music publishing rights to Screen Gems, something he did not want to do. For the group's self-titled album see The Monkees (album. For the TV series see The Monkees (TV series. This article deals with contemporary Popular music publishing Screen Gems is an American subsidiary company of Sony Pictures Entertainment 's Columbia TriStar Motion Picture Group that has served several different Stills instead recommended his former roommate, Peter Torkelson, who got the job. Peter Tork (born Peter Halsten Thorkelson February 13, 1942) is an American Musician and Actor, best known as a member

Stills was a close friend of Jimi Hendrix, who appears on Stills' eponymous first solo album. James Marshall Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix) (November 27 1942 – September 18 1970 was an American Guitarist, Singer and Songwriter Reputedly, when Hendrix was forming his trio The Jimi Hendrix Experience, his manager contacted Stills' manager to invite Stills to become the group's bass player. "The Experience" redirects here For other uses of this term see Experience (disambiguation. Bass Player is an album by New Zealand reggae band Rhombus. It was released in 2003 Concerned that Stills' friendship with Hendrix and admiration for Hendrix' genius might prompt Stills to take the job rather than continue with the Buffalo Springfield, Stills' manager elected not to pass the message on to Stills. Noel Redding was then offered and took the job as bassist with the Experience. David "Noel" Redding ( December 25, 1945 &ndash May 11, 2003) was an English Rock and roll guitarist best Within a year, both Stills and Hendrix were superstars in their own right; they continued to socialize and jam together informally up until Hendrix' untimely death in 1970. A jam session is a Musical act where Musicians gather and play (or "jam") without extensive preparation or predefined Arrangements Events Charles Wuorinen, aged 32 becomes the youngest composer ever to win the Pulitzer Prize for Music.

Several of Stills' most notable songs, "Bluebird", "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes" "You Don't Have To Cry" and "Bluebird Revisited", were inspired by his intense, on-again-off-again relationship with singer Judy Collins. " Suite Judy Blue Eyes " is a suite of short songs written by Stephen Stills and performed by Crosby Stills and Nash. Judith Marjorie Collins (born May 1, 1939 in Seattle, Washington) is an American folk and standards Singer In a 1971 interview in Rolling Stone Magazine, the interviewer noted, "So many of your songs seem to be about Judy Collins. Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published " To which Stills replied: "Well there are three things men can do with women: love them, suffer for them or turn them into literature. I've had my share of success and failure at all three. "

Stills' son, Justin Stills, was badly injured at age 26 snowboarding in Tahoe in 1997; an episode of The Learning Channel's documentary series Trauma: Life in the ER featured his treatment and recovery. Snowboarding is a sport that involves descending a Snow -covered slope on a Snowboard attached to a participant's feet using a special boot set into a mounted binding TLC (generally called as The Learning Channel) is a cable TV network in the US and Canada, that carries a variety of informational and Another son, Henry, has been diagnosed with Asperger syndrome, and is profiled in the 2007 documentary Autism: The Musical. Asperger syndrome (also called Asperger's syndrome, Asperger's disorder, Asperger's or AS) is the Autism spectrum disorder (ASD Autism The Musical is an award-winning 2007 documentary by Tricia Regan that premiered at the April 2007 Tribeca Film Festival His son Chris and daughter Jennifer are both recording artists. Chris Stills (born 1974 is the son of American rock musician Stephen Stills and French singer-songwriter Veronique Sanson. His youngest son, Oliver Ragland, was born in 2004 and named in honor of Neil Young, whose maternal family name is Ragland. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " [1]

On May 28, 2007, Stills sang the National Anthem for Game 1 of the 2007 Stanley Cup Finals between Anaheim and Ottawa in Anaheim, California. The 2007 Stanley Cup Final was the 2007 edition of the final series of the National Hockey League 's Stanley Cup playoffs. The Anaheim Ducks are a professional Ice hockey team based in Anaheim California, USA. The Ottawa Senators (Les Sénateurs d'Ottawa are a professional Ice hockey team based in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean.

On December 17, 2007, Graham Nash revealed on Larry King Live that Stills has been diagnosed with early stage prostate cancer and that he will have an operation on January 3, 2008, his birthday. Larry King Live is an American talk show hosted by Larry King on CNN. [2]

Discography

Please also see discographies for Buffalo Springfield and Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young

References

  1. ^ http://web1.evote.com/news_section/2000-08/08152000Dnc.asp
  2. ^ Stephen Stills Diagnosed with Prostate Cancer, According to Graham Nash. Buffalo Springfield was a short-lived but influential Folk rock group that served as a springboard for the careers of Neil Young, Stephen Stills, Crosby Stills & Nash ( CSN) is a Folk rock / rock supergroup made up of David Crosby, Stephen Stills and Graham Nash Track listing "San Francisco Bay Blues" – 202 "What If" – 315 "Gotta Travel On" – 234 "Pink Polemoniums" The album Super Session grew out of a single nine hour jam in 1968 by guitarist Mike Bloomfield and multi-instrumentalist Al Kooper and Stephen Stills Al Kooper (born Alan Peter Kuperschmidt, February 5 1944, in Brooklyn, New York) is an American Songwriter, For the astronaut see Michael J Bloomfield. Michael Bernard Bloomfield ( July 28 1943, Chicago, Illinois Columbia Records is an American Record label founded in 1888 Columbia is the oldest surviving Brand name in pre-recorded sound being the first record company Stephen Stills is an eponymous rock album by the musician famous for his long-time membership in Crosby Stills & Nash. Stephen Stills 2 is the second solo album by Stephen Stills from the Buffalo Springfield and Crosby Stills Nash and Young, released in 1971 ' Manassas' is the 1972 debut Double album from Stephen Stills ' band of the same name Manassas were a seventies rock band formed by Stephen Stills in 1971 Down The Road is the second and last album by Stephen Stills' band Manassas. Stills is a 1975 studio album by Stephen Stills. It's his third solo album and his first release on Columbia Records. Stephen Stills Live is a live album by Stephen Stills, recorded in 1974 Still Stills The Best of Stephen Stills is an out of print greatest hits album from Stephen Stills, released on December 2 1976 from Atlantic Records. Illegal Stills is a Stephen Stills album released in 1976 Track listing All tracks composed by Stephen Stills except where indicated Long May You Run is an album credited to "The Stills-Young Band" but is a de facto collaboration between Stephen Stills and Neil Young, released Neil Percival Young OM (born November 12, 1945, Toronto Ontario) is a Canadian Singer-songwriter, Musician This article is about the musical album 'Thoroughfare Gap' For the mountain pass see Thoroughfare Gap. Right By You is an album by American singer-songwriter Stephen Stills, released in 1984 Stills Alone is an album released in 1991 by Stephen Stills. As its title suggests it features only Stills on an acoustic guitar Turnin' Back The Pages is a compilation released by Stephen Stills from his years with Columbia Records and the Super Session album Man Alive! is a Stephen Stills solo album released in 2005 It featured guest appearances by Herbie Hancock, Graham Nash, and Neil Young. Just Roll Tape April 26th 1968 is a Stephen Stills demo album released in 2007 Rolling Stone. Retrieved on 2007-12-20. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 69 - Vespasian, formerly a general under Nero, enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor.

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