Leland Stanford Junior University
Motto:	Die Luft der Freiheit weht "The wind of freedom blows" (German)[1]
Established:	1891[2]
Type:	Private
Endowment:	$17. A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. The date of establishment or date of founding of an Institution is the date on which that institution chooses to claim as its starting point Unlike Public universities, private universities generally do not receive direct operational funding from national or subnational governments and thus rely on private A financial endowment is a Transfer of Money or Property donated to an Institution, usually with the stipulation that it be invested The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 2 Billion[3]
President:	John L. Hennessy
Faculty:	1,807[4]
Undergraduates:	6,759[5]
Postgraduates:	8,186[5]
Location:	Stanford, CA, U.S.
Campus:	Suburban, 8,180 acres (33. University president is the title of the highest ranking officer within a University, within university systems that prefer that appellation over other variations such as For other people named John Hennessy see John Hennessy. John LeRoy Hennessy is an American computer scientist and academic A faculty is a division within a University. The concept of a university with different faculties for different subjects dates back to Al-Azhar University, which had In some Educational systems undergraduate education is Post-secondary education up to the level of a Bachelor's degree. See also Postgraduate Training in Education Postgraduate education (synonymous in North America with graduate education, and sometimes described Stanford is a Census-designated place (CDP in Santa Clara County, California, United States. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the South San Jose (cropjpg||thumb|A suburban development in San Jose California. 1 km²)
Athletic nickname:	Stanford Cardinal
Mascot:	Stanford Tree (unofficial)
Athletics:	NCAA Division I (FBS) Pac-10
Website:	Stanford.edu

Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly known as Stanford University or simply Stanford, is a private university located approximately 37 miles (60 kilometers) southeast of San Francisco and approximately 20 miles (32 km) northwest of San Jose in Stanford, California, United States. The Stanford Cardinal is the nickname of the athletic teams at Stanford University. The term mascot – defined as a term for any person animal or object thought to bring Luck – colloquially includes anything used to represent a group with a common The Stanford Tree is the unofficial Mascot of Stanford University. The National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA, often pronounced "N-C-Double-A" is a voluntary association of about 1200 institutions conferences organizations Division I (or D-I) is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States The Pacific-10 Conference ( Pac-10) is a college athletic conference which operates in the western United States. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages Unlike Public universities, private universities generally do not receive direct operational funding from national or subnational governments and thus rely on private The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city Stanford is a Census-designated place (CDP in Santa Clara County, California, United States. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Stanford is situated adjacent to the city of Palo Alto, on the San Francisco Peninsula. Palo Alto (ˌpæloʊˈæltoʊ from Spanish: palo: "stick" and alto: "high" i The San Francisco Peninsula in California separates the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean.

Contents 1 History 2 Campus 2.1 Off campus 2.2 Landmarks 3 Institutions 4 Academics 4.1 Admission and rankings 4.2 Selectivity 4.3 Arts 4.4 Faculty residences 5 Student life 5.1 Student government 5.2 Dormitories and student housing 5.3 Traditions 5.4 Greek life 6 Athletics 7 Notable alumni, faculty, and staff 8 Notes 9 Further reading 10 External links

History

“	The children of California shall be our children.	”
—Leland Stanford

Stanford was founded by railroad magnate and California Governor Leland Stanford and his wife, Jane Stanford. The Governor of California is the highest executive authority in the state government whose responsibilities include making annual "State of the State" addresses Amasa Leland Stanford ( March 9, 1824 June 21, 1893) was an American Tycoon, Politician and founder of Jane Stanford ( August 25, 1828 &ndash February 28, 1905) was the daughter of a shopkeeper and lived on Washington Avenue in Albany New York It is named in honor of their only child, Leland Stanford, Jr., who died of typhoid just before his 16th birthday. Leland Stanford Jr ( May 14, 1868 in Sacramento California &ndash March 13, 1884 in Florence, Italy) Leland Typhoid fever, also known as enteric fever, bilious fever, Yellow Jack or commonly just typhoid, is an illness caused by the Bacterium

The story that a lady in "faded gingham" and a man in a "homespun threadbare suit" went to visit the president of Harvard about making a donation, were rebuffed, and then founded Stanford is untrue. ^[6]

Locals and members of the university community are known to refer to the school as The Farm, a nod to the fact that the university is located on the former site of Leland Stanford's horse farm.

The University's founding grant was written on November 11, 1885, and accepted by the first Board of Trustees on November 14. Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Year 1885 ( MDCCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca The cornerstone was laid on May 14, 1887, and the University officially opened on October 1, 1891, to 559 students and 15 faculty members, seven of whom hailed from Cornell University^[7]. Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the Year 1887 ( MDCCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1891 ( MDCCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common At the opening of the school, there was no tuition for students, a program which lasted into the 1930s [2]. Among the first class of students was a young future president Herbert Hoover, who would claim to be first student ever at Stanford, by virtue of having been the first person in the first class to sleep in the dormitory. Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10 1874 &ndash October 20 1964 was the thirty-first President of the United States (1929–1933 ^[8]

The school was established as a coeducational institution although it maintained a cap on female enrollment for many years. Mixed-sex education, (or just Mixed education) also known as Coeducation, is the integrated education to males and females at the same school facilities This was not due to any anti-female sentiment but rather based on a concern of Jane Stanford, who worried that without such a cap, the school could become an all-female institution, which she did not feel would be an appropriate memorial for her son.

The 1906 San Francisco earthquake destroyed parts of the Main Quad (including the original iteration of Memorial Church) as well as the gate that first marked the entrance of the school; rebuilding on a somewhat less grandiose scale began immediately. Stanford Memorial Church stands at the center of the Stanford University campus in Stanford California.

The official motto of Stanford University, selected by the Stanfords, is "Die Luft der Freiheit weht. " Translated from the German, this quotation of Ulrich von Hutten means "The wind of freedom blows. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Ulrich von Hutten ( April 21 1488 - August 29 1523) was an outspoken German critic of the Roman Catholic Church and adherent " At the time of the school's establishment, German had recently replaced Latin as the supraregional language of science and philosophy. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome.

Campus

Stanford University owns 8,183 acres (32 km²). The main campus is bounded by El Camino Real, Stanford Avenue, Junipero Serra Boulevard and Sand Hill Road, in the northwest part of the Santa Clara Valley on the San Francisco Peninsula. El Camino Real ( Spanish for The Royal Road, also known as The King's Highway) usually refers to the 600- Mile (966- Kilometer) Sand Hill Road is a Road in Menlo Park California, notable for the concentration of Venture capital companies there See Silicon Valley for a discussion of the technological aspects of the Santa Clara Valley The San Francisco Peninsula in California separates the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean.

It is sometimes asserted that Stanford University occupies the largest university campus in the world, in terms of contiguous area, and this may be true. Moscow State University, which is built vertically and has a large floor area, is the largest university, but occupies a smaller piece of land. Berry College occupies 28,000 acres (110 km²) of contiguous land, and Paul Smith's College occupies 14,200 acres (57 km²) of land in the Adirondack Mountains of upstate New York, but neither is a university. Berry College is an American accredited private four-year liberal arts college located in Mount Berry Georgia. Paul Smith's College is a private college located in the Adirondack Mountains of Upstate New York. Duke University occupies 8,709 acres (35. Duke University is a private Research University located in Durham, North Carolina, United States. 2 km²), but they are not contiguous. ^[9] The United States Air Force Academy has a contiguous 18,000 acres (73 km²) at its disposal, but it is not a university. The United States Air Force Academy ( USAFA or Air Force) is an accredited college for the undergraduate education of officers for the United States Air Dartmouth College, with a large land grant,^[10] owns more than 50,000 acres (200 km²), but only 269 of those are part of the campus. Dartmouth College ( is a private, Coeducational University located in Hanover, New Hampshire, U Second College Grant is a township located in Coos County, New Hampshire, United States. ^[11][12]

In the summer of 1886, when the campus was first being planned, Stanford brought the president of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Francis Amasa Walker, and prominent Boston landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted westward for consultations. Francis Amasa Walker ( July 2, 1840 &ndash January 5, 1897) was a United States Economist and Educator, Frederick Law Olmsted ( April 25, 1822 &ndash August 28, 1903) was an American landscape designer and father of American Olmsted worked out the general concept for the campus and its buildings, rejecting a hillside site in favor of the more practical flatlands. Charles Allerton Coolidge then developed this concept in the style of his late mentor, Henry Hobson Richardson, in the Richardsonian Romanesque style, characterized by rectangular stone buildings linked by arcades of half-circle arches. Henry Hobson Richardson ( September 29, 1838 &ndash April 27, 1886) was a prominent American Architect of the 19th Richardsonian Romanesque is a style of American Architecture named after Architect Henry Hobson Richardson, whose masterpiece is Trinity The original campus was also designed in the Spanish-colonial style common to California known as Mission Revival. The Mission Revival Style was an architectural movement that began in the late 19th century and drew inspiration from the early Spanish missions in California. The red tile roofs and solid sandstone masonry hold a distinctly Californian appearance and most of the subsequently erected buildings have maintained consistent exteriors. Sandstone is a Sedimentary rock composed mainly of Sand -size Mineral or rock grains. The red tile roofs and bright blue skies common to the region are a famously complementary combination.

Much of this first construction was destroyed by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake but the University retains the Quad, the old Chemistry Building and Encina Hall (the residence of Herbert Hoover, John Steinbeck, and Anthony Kennedy during their times at Stanford). Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10 1874 &ndash October 20 1964 was the thirty-first President of the United States (1929–1933 John Steinbeck III (February 27 1902—December 20 1968 was one of the best-known and most widely read American writers of the 20th century Anthony McLeod Kennedy (born July 23, 1936) has been an Associate Justice of the U After the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake inflicted further damage, the University implemented a billion-dollar capital improvement plan to retrofit and renovate older buildings for new, up-to-date uses. The Loma Prieta earthquake, also known as the Quake of '89 and the World Series Quake, was a major Earthquake that struck the San Francisco Bay

Stanford University is actually its own census-designated place which is part of unincorporated Santa Clara County though some of the university land is within the city limits of Palo Alto. Stanford is a Census-designated place (CDP in Santa Clara County, California, United States. In Law, an unincorporated area is a region of land that is not a part of any Municipality. Santa Clara County is a County located in the San Francisco Bay Area of the U For many intents and purposes it can be considered a part of the city of Palo Alto; they share the same school district and fire department though the police forces are separate. The Palo Alto Unified School District is a public school district located in Palo Alto, California. A fire station (also called stationhouse) is a structure or other area set aside for storage of firefighting apparatus (i The United States Postal Service has assigned it two ZIP codes: 94305 for campus mail and 94309 for P.O. box mail. The ZIP code is the system of Postal codes used by the United States Postal Service (USPS A post office box (often abbreviated PO Box or PO Box) is a uniquely-addressable lockable box located on the premises of a Post office station It lies within area code 650 and campus phone numbers start with 723, 724, 725, 736, 497, or 498. North American area code 650 is a California Telephone Area code which includes most of San Mateo County (except the northernmost

The physicist Werner Heisenberg was once asked if he knew where Stanford University was located. A physicist is a Scientist who studies or practices Physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning Werner Heisenberg (5 December 1901 in Würzburg &ndash1 February 1976 in Munich) was a German theoretical physicist best known for enunciating the "I believe it is on the west coast of the United States, not far from San Francisco. There is also another school nearby, and they steal each other's axes," he replied, referring to Stanford's rivalry with the University of California, Berkeley. The University of California Berkeley (also referred to as Cal, Berkeley and UC Berkeley) is a major research university located in Berkeley ^[13]

Off campus

The off-campus Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve is a nature reserve owned by the university and used by wildlife biologists for research. Stanford Memorial Church stands at the center of the Stanford University campus in Stanford California. The Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve is a 1200 acre (5 km² plot of land owned by Stanford University, located at on Sand Hill Road near Interstate 280 in Hopkins Marine Station, located in Pacific Grove, California, is a marine biology research center owned by the university since 1892. Hopkins Marine Station is the marine laboratory of Stanford University. Pacific Grove is a coastal town in Monterey County California, USA with a total population of 15522 as of the 2000 census Marine biology is the scientific study of living Organisms in the Ocean or other marine or Brackish bodies of water The University also has its own golf course and a seasonal lake (Lake Lagunita, actually an irrigation reservoir), both home to the endangered California Tiger Salamander. Lake Lagunita is an artificial Lake in Stanford University, California. The California tiger salamander ( Ambystoma californiense) is an Endangered amphibian native to Northern California.

Landmarks

Contemporary campus landmarks include the Main Quad and Memorial Church, the Cantor Center for Visual Arts and art gallery, the Stanford Mausoleum and the Angel of Grief, Hoover Tower, the Rodin sculpture garden, the Papua New Guinea Sculpture Garden, the Arizona Cactus Garden, the Stanford University Arboretum, Green Library and the Dish. The Lou Henry and Herbert Hoover House, located on the campus of Stanford University in Palo Alto California, USA, is a large rambling house resembling Stanford Memorial Church stands at the center of the Stanford University campus in Stanford California. The Iris & B Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts at Stanford University, formerly the Stanford University Museum of Art is an Art museum on the campus of Stanford The Stanford Mausoleum, located in the northwest of the Stanford University campus in the Stanford University Arboretum, holds the remains of the university's Angel of Grief is a 1894 sculpture by William Wetmore Story which serves as the grave stone of the artist and his wife at the Protestant Cemetery Rome. Hoover Tower is a 285-foot structure on the campus of Stanford University in Stanford California. Auguste Rodin (born François-Auguste-René Rodin; November 12 1840–November 17 1917 was a French artist most famous as a sculptor. The Arizona Cactus Garden (30000 square feet also known as the Stanford Cactus Garden, is a Botanical garden specializing in Cactus and Succulents The Stanford University Arboretum is an Arboretum located on the grounds of Stanford University in Stanford California. Green libraries are a part of the larger Green building movement The Dish is a Radio telescope in the Stanford Foothills It was built in 1966 by the Stanford Research Institute. Frank Lloyd Wright's 1937 Hanna-Honeycomb House and the 1919 Lou Henry and Herbert Hoover House are both National Historic Landmarks now on university grounds. Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8 1867 &ndash April 9 1959 was an American (of Welsh descent Architect, Interior designer, Writer, and educator who The Hanna-Honeycomb House, also known as simply the Hanna House, located on the Stanford University campus in Palo Alto California, USA, was The Lou Henry and Herbert Hoover House, located on the campus of Stanford University in Palo Alto California, USA, is a large rambling house resembling A National Historic Landmark (NHL is a Building, site, Structure, Object, or District, that is officially recognized by the

Institutions

Stanford University is governed by a board of trustees, in conjunction with the university president, provosts, faculty senate, and the deans of the various schools. Besides the university, the Stanford trustees oversee Stanford Research Park, the Stanford Shopping Center, the Cantor Center for Visual Arts, Stanford University Medical Center and many associated medical facilities (including the Lucile Packard Children's Hospital), as well as many acres of undeveloped foothills. Stanford Research Park is a Technology park located in Palo Alto California on land owned by Stanford University. Stanford Shopping Center is an upscale open air Shopping mall located on El Camino Real at Sand Hill Road in Palo Alto California. The Iris & B Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts at Stanford University, formerly the Stanford University Museum of Art is an Art museum on the campus of Stanford Stanford University Medical Center (Stanford Hospital & Clinics is one of four hospitals affiliated with Stanford University and Stanford Lucile Packard Children's Hospital (LPCH is a Hospital located on the Stanford University campus in Palo Alto, California.

Other Stanford-affiliated institutions include the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) and the Stanford Research Institute, a now-independent institution which originated at the University, in addition to the Stanford Humanities Center. The Stanford Linear Accelerator Center ( SLAC) is a United States Department of Energy National Laboratory operated by Stanford University under SRI International, based in the United States is one of the world's largest contract Research institutes. The Stanford Humanities Center is an institution of advanced Humanities research located at Stanford University, Stanford CA, U

Stanford also houses the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, a major public policy think tank that attracts visiting scholars from around the world, and the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, which is dedicated to the more specific study of international relations. The Hoover Institution on War Revolution and Peace is a libertarian Public policy Think tank and Library founded in 1919 by U A think tank (also called a policy institute) is an organization institute corporation or group that conducts Research and engages in advocacy in areas such The Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies is a conglomerate of research centers at Stanford University in Stanford California. Apparently because it could not locate a copy in any of its libraries, the Soviet Union was obliged to ask the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, at Stanford University, for a microfilm copy of its original edition of the first issue of Pravda (dated March 5, 1917). The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Pravda (Правда "The Truth" was a leading Newspaper of the Soviet Union and an official organ of the Central Committee of the Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year

The Stanford University Libraries hold a collection of more than eight million volumes. The main library in the SU library system is Green Library. Green libraries are a part of the larger Green building movement Meyer Library holds the vast East Asia collection and the student-accessible media resources. The J Henry Meyer Memorial Library is one of several libraries at Stanford University. Other significant collections include the Lane Medical Library, Terman Engineering Library, Jackson Business Library, Falconer Biology Library, Cubberley Education Library, Branner Earth Sciences Library, Swain Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Library, Jonsson Government Documents collection, Crown Law Library, the Stanford Auxiliary Library (SAL), the SLAC Library, the Hoover library, the Miller Marine Biology Library at Hopkins Marine Station, the Music Library, and the University's special collections. There are 19 libraries in all.

Digital libraries and text services include HighWire Press, the Humanities Digital Information Services group and the Media Microtext Center. HighWire Press is a division of the Stanford University Libraries that produces the online versions of high-impact peer-reviewed journals and other scholarly content Several academic departments and some residences also have their own libraries.

Stanford is a founding and charter member of CENIC, the Corporation for Education Network Initiatives in California, the nonprofit organization which provides extremely high-performance Internet-based networking to California's K-20 research and education community. The Corporation for Education Network Initiatives in California (CENIC is a nonprofit corporation formed in 1996 to provide high-performance high-bandwidth networking services to

Academics

The schools of the University include the School of Humanities and Sciences, School of Engineering, School of Earth Sciences, School of Education, Graduate School of Business, Stanford Law School and the Stanford University School of Medicine. The Stanford University School of Humanities and Sciences is the heart of the undergraduate program and grants the majority of Stanford University 's degrees Stanford University School of Engineering is one of the schools of Stanford University. The School of Earth Sciences (often referred to as the SES or at Stanford as just "The School" is one of three schools at Stanford awarding both graduate and The Stanford Graduate School of Business (also known as Stanford Business School or Stanford GSB) is one of the professional Stanford Law School is a graduate school at Stanford University located near Palo Alto California, United States, in Silicon Valley Stanford University School of Medicine is a world renowned medical school affiliated with Stanford University and is located at Stanford

Stanford awards the following degrees: B.A., B.S., B.A.S., M.A., M.S., Ph.D., D.M.A., Ed.D., Ed.S., M.D., M.B.A., J.D., J.S.D., J. A Bachelor of Science ( BS, BSc or BSc in the UK; less commonly S Bachelor of Arts and Science (BAS is an Undergraduate Bachelor's degree given by a small number of American universities and a fair number of universities A Master of Arts ( Latin: Magister Artium) is a Postgraduate academic Master's degree awarded by universities in a large A Master of Science ( Latin: Magister Scientiæ; abbreviated MSc, M "PhD" redirects here for other uses see PhD (disambiguation. The Doctor of Musical Arts degree (DMA DMusA or AMusD) is a doctoral Academic degree in music The Doctor of Education degree ( EdD or DEd) is a discipline-based doctorate that prepares the student for academic administrative clinical or research positions The Education Specialist, also referred to as Educational Specialist, Specialist in Education, or Ed Doctor of Medicine ( MD or MD, from the Latin Medicinæ Doctor meaning "Teacher of Medicine" is a doctoral The Master of Business Administration ( MBA) is a Master's degree in Business administration, which attracts people from a wide range of academic disciplines Juris Doctor (abbreviated JD or JD, from the Latin, Teacher of Law) is a first professional graduate degree and Professional Doctor of Laws ( Latin: Legum Doctor, LLD) is a Doctorate -level Academic degree in Law. S. M. , LL.M., M.A.T., M.F.A., M. The Master of Laws is an advanced Academic degree, or research degree and is commonly abbreviated LL The Master of Arts in Teaching (MAT degree is generally a pre-service degree that usually requires a minimum of 30 semester hours beyond the Bachelor's degree In the United States, a Master of Fine Arts ( MFA) is a Graduate degree typically requiring two to three years of study beyond the Bachelor's degree L. S. , M. S. M. and ENG. An engineer's degree is a graduate Academic degree intermediate in rank between a Master's degree and a doctoral degree in the United States

The University enrolls approximately 6,700 undergraduates and 8,000 graduate students. The University has approximately 1,700 faculty members. The largest part of the faculty (40 percent) are affiliated with the medical school, while a third serve in the School of Humanities and Sciences.

Stanford's current community of scholars includes: 18 Nobel Prize laureates; 135 members of the National Academy of Sciences; 82 members of National Academy of Engineering; 224 members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; 21 recipients of the National Medal of Science; three recipients of the National Medal of Technology; 26 members of the National Academy of Education; 41 members of American Philosophical Society; 4 Pulitzer Prize winners; 23 MacArthur Fellows; 7 Wolf Foundation Prize winners; 7 Koret Foundation Prize winners; 7 Presidential Medal of Freedom winners. The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature The National Academy of Sciences (NAS is a corporation in the United States whose members serve Pro bono as "advisers to the nation on science The United States National Academy of Engineering (NAE is a private non-profit institution which was founded in 1964 under the same congressional act that led to the founding of the The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS is an organization dedicated to scholarship and the advancement of learning The National Medal of Science is an honor bestowed by the President of the United States to individuals in Science and Engineering who have made important The National Medal of Technology and Innovation (formerly known as the National Medal of Technology) is an honor granted by the President of the United States to American The American Philosophical Society is a discussion group founded in 1743 by Benjamin Franklin as an offshoot of his earlier club the Junto. The Pulitzer Prize, ˈpʊlɨtsɚ PULL-it-sər is an American award regarded as the highest national honor in Newspaper journalism, The MacArthur Fellows Program or MacArthur Fellowship (sometimes Nicknamed the "genius grant") is an award given by the John D The Presidential Medal of Freedom is a decoration bestowed by the President of the United States and is along with the equivalent Congressional Gold Medal bestowed

Stanford built its international reputation as the pioneering Silicon Valley institution through top programs in business, engineering and the sciences, spawning such companies as Hewlett-Packard, Cisco Systems, VMware, Yahoo!, Google, and Sun Microsystems—indeed, "Sun" originally stood for "Stanford University Network. For the valley nicknamed "Silicone Valley" see San Fernando Valley. Engineering is the Discipline and Profession of applying technical and scientific Knowledge and Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding VMware Inc ( is a Software developer and a global leader in the Virtualization market Google Inc is an American public corporation, earning revenue from advertising related to its Internet search, e-mail, online Sun Microsystems Inc ( is a multinational vendor of Computers computer components Computer software, and Information technology services " In addition, the Stanford Research Institute operated one of the four original nodes that comprised ARPANET, predecessor to the Internet. SRI International, based in the United States is one of the world's largest contract Research institutes. The ARPANET ( Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) developed by ARPA of the United States Department of Defense, was the world's first operational The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks The university also offers distinguished programs in the humanities and social sciences, particularly American studies, creative writing, history, political science, economics, communication, music, and psychology. American studies or American civilization is an interdisciplinary field dealing with the study of the United States. Creative writing is considered to be any writing Fiction or Non-fiction, that goes outside the bounds of normal professional, Journalistic, History is the study of the past particularly the written record Those who study history as a Profession are called Historians Etymology Political science is a branch of Social sciences that deals with the theory and practice of Politics and the description and analysis of Political systems Economics is the social science that studies the production distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Communication is the process of conveying information from a sender to a receiver with the use of a medium in which the communicated information is understood the same way Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. Psychology (from Greek grc ψῡχή psȳkhē, "breath life soul" and grc -λογία -logia) is an Academic and

Admission and rankings

See also: Criticism of college and university rankings (North America)

• Stanford University's undergraduate program is ranked fourth among national universities by U.S. News and World Report (USNWR). Criticism of College and university rankings refers to movements which developed among faculty and administrators in American Institutions of Higher Education as USNews & World Report is an influential weekly American Newsmagazine published in Washington D ^[14], ^[15]
• Stanford University is ranked second among world universities and second among universities in the Americas by Shanghai Jiao Tong University,^[16] nineteenth among world universities in the THES-QS World University Rankings,^[17][18], seventh among national universities by The Washington Monthly,^[19] second among "global universities" by Newsweek,^[20] and in the first-tier among national universities by The Center for Measuring University Performance. Shanghai Jiao Tong University ( abbreviated Jiao Da (交大 or SJTU) located in Shanghai, is one of the oldest and most influential universities The THES - QS World University Rankings is an annual publication of university rankings around the world published by The Times Higher Education Supplement (THES The Washington Monthly is a monthly Magazine of United States Politics and Government that is based in Washington D Newsweek is an American weekly Newsmagazine published in New York City. ^[21] Stanford University also participates in the National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities (NAICU)'s University and College Accountability Network (U-CAN). Founded in 1976 the National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities (NAICU is an organization of private US colleges and universities
• Stanford received $911 million in private donations for the year ended August 31, 2006, the most of all U. S. universities and seventh highest of all charities. ^[22]
• Stanford announced recently that it would use some of its endowment to cover the $36,000-a-year tuition for students whose families make under $100,000 a year. For students with family income under $60,000, living costs will also be paid. ^[23]

Selectivity

Stanford is one of the most selective universities in the U. S. In 2006, Stanford's undergraduate admission rate was 10. College admissions in the United States refers to the annual process of applying to institutions of Higher education in the United States for Undergraduate study 8 percent, from a pool of 22,223 applicants—the lowest rate of undergraduate admission in the history of the university until this year. ^[24]The acceptance rates at the university's law school (7. 7 percent), medical school (3. 3 percent), and business school (7. 9 percent) are also among the lowest in the country.

For the Class of 2011, Stanford admitted 10. 29 percent of an undergraduate applicant pool of 23,956 students. The entering transfer class of 2009 was 20 students, with a selectivity rate of 1. College transfer is the movement of students from one Higher education institution to another and the process by which Academic credits are accepted or not accepted 4 percent. ^[25]

For the Class of 2012, Stanford admitted 2,400 students from a undergraduate applicant pool of 25,298 candidates, resulting in an overall admissions rate of 9. 49%, the lowest percentage in University history. ^[26]

Arts

Stanford University is home to the Cantor Center for Visual Arts museum with 24 galleries, sculpture gardens, terraces, and a courtyard first established in 1891 by Jane and Leland Stanford as a memorial to their only child. The Iris & B Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts at Stanford University, formerly the Stanford University Museum of Art is an Art museum on the campus of Stanford Notably, the Center possesses the largest collection of Rodin works outside of Paris, France. There are also a large number of outdoor art installations throughout the campus, primarily sculptures, but some murals as well. The Papua New Guinea Sculpture Garden near Roble Hall features handmade wood carvings and "totem poles. "

Stanford has a thriving artistic and musical community, including theater groups such as Ram's Head Theatrical Society and the Stanford Shakespeare Society, and award-winning a cappella music groups, such as the Mendicants, Counterpoint, Stanford Fleet Street Singers, Harmonics, Mixed Company, Testimony, Talisman, and Everyday People. A cappella (Italian or Latin "From the chapel/choir" Music is Vocal music or Singing without instrumental Accompaniment The Stanford Mendicants is an all-male A cappella group at Stanford University. Stanford Talisman is a coed collegiate A cappella group from Stanford University in California which is musically rooted in a culturally diverse repertoire

Stanford's dance community is one of the most vibrant in the country, with an active dance division (in the Drama Department) and over 30 different dance-related student groups, including the Stanford Band's Dollie dance troupe. The Leland Stanford Junior University Marching Band (LSJUMB is the student Marching band of Stanford University. The Leland Stanford Junior University Marching Band (LSJUMB is the student Marching band of Stanford University.

Perhaps most distinctive of all is its social and vintage dance community, cultivated by dance historian Richard Powers and enjoyed by hundreds of students and thousands of alumni. Social dance is a major category or classification of Danceforms or dance styles where sociability and socializing are the primary focuses of the dancing Vintage dance is the authentic recreation of historical Dance styles Richard Powers is an expert in American Social dance, noted for his choreographies for dozens of stage productions and films and his workshops in Paris Rome Prague Stanford hosts monthly informal dances (called Jammix) and large quarterly dance events, including Ragtime Ball (fall), the Stanford Viennese Ball (winter), and Big Dance (spring). Stanford also boasts a student-run swing performance troupe called Swingtime and several alumni performance groups, including Decadance and the Academy of Danse Libre. Swingtime is a student-run swing performance troupe based at Stanford University in California

The creative writing program brings young writers to campus via the Stegner Fellowships and other graduate scholarship programs. Creative writing is considered to be any writing Fiction or Non-fiction, that goes outside the bounds of normal professional, Journalistic, The Stegner Fellowship program is a two-year creative writing fellowship at Stanford University. This Boy's Life author Tobias Wolff teaches writing to undergraduates and graduate students. This Boy's Life is a Memoir by Tobias Wolff first published in 1989. Tobias Jonathan Ansell Wolff (born June 19, 1945, in Birmingham, Alabama) is a Writer of Fiction and Nonfiction Knight Journalism Fellows are invited to spend a year at the campus taking seminars and courses of their choice. There is also an extracurricular writing and performance group called the Stanford Spoken Word Collective, which also serves as the school's poetry slam team.

Stanford also hosts various publishing courses for professionals. Stanford Professional Publishing Course, which has been offered on campus since the late 1970s, brings together international publishing professionals to discuss changing business models in magazine and book publishing.

Faculty residences

One of the benefits of being a Stanford faculty member is the "Faculty Ghetto," where faculty members can live within walking or biking distance of campus. Similar to a condominium, the houses can be bought and sold but the land under the houses is rented. A condominium, or condo, is a form of Housing tenure and other Real property where a specified part of a piece of real estate (usually of an apartment The Faculty Ghetto is composed of land owned entirely by Stanford. A faculty member cannot buy a lot, but he or she can buy a house, renting the underlying land on a 99-year lease. The cost of owning a house in Silicon Valley remains high, however, and the average price of single family homes on campus is actually higher than in Palo Alto. For the valley nicknamed "Silicone Valley" see San Fernando Valley. The rapid capital gains of Silicon Valley landowners are enjoyed by Stanford, although Stanford, by the terms of its founding cannot sell the land. Houses in the "Ghetto" may appreciate or may depreciate but not as rapidly as overall Silicon Valley land prices.

Student life

Stanford has been coeducational since its founding; however, between approximately 1899 and 1933, there was a policy in place limiting female enrollment to 500 students and maintaining a ratio of three males for every one female student. Mixed-sex education, (or just Mixed education) also known as Coeducation, is the integrated education to males and females at the same school facilities By the late 1960s the "ratio" was about 2:1 for undergraduates and much more skewed at the graduate level, except in the humanities. As of 2005, undergraduate enrollment is split nearly evenly between the sexes, but male enrollees outnumber female enrollees about 2:1 at the graduate level.

Student government

The Associated Students of Stanford University (ASSU) is the student government for Stanford University. Its elected leadership consists of the Undergraduate Senate elected by the undergraduate students, the Graduate Student Council elected by the graduate students, and the President and Vice President elected as a ticket by the entire student body. A ticket refers to a single Election choice which fills more than one Political office or seat

Dormitories and student housing

Stanford places a strong focus on residential education. Approximately 98 percent of undergraduate students live in on-campus university housing, with another five percent living in Stanford housing at the overseas campuses. According to the Stanford Housing Assignments Office, undergraduates live in 77 different houses, including dormitories, co-ops, row houses, fraternities and sororities. Residences are located generally just outside the campus core, within ten minutes (on foot or bike) of most classrooms and libraries. Some residences are for freshmen only; others give priority to sophomores, others to both freshmen and sophomores; some are available for upperclass students only, and some are open to all four classes. All residences are coed except for seven all-male fraternities, three all-female sororities, and one all-female house. Fraternities and sororities (from the Latin words la frater and la soror, meaning "brother" and "sister" respectively are fraternal Fraternities and sororities (from the Latin words la frater and la soror, meaning "brother" and "sister" respectively are fraternal In most residences men and women live on the same floor, but a few dorms are configured for men and women to live on separate floors. ^[27] In April 2008, Stanford unveiled a new pilot plan to test out gender-neutral housing in five campus residences, allowing males and females to live in the same room. This was after concerted student pressure, as well as the institution of similar policies peer institutions such as Wesleyan, Oberlin, Clark, Dartmouth, Brown and the University of Pennsylvania. ^[28]

Several residences are considered theme houses, with a cross-cultural, academic/language, or focus theme. Examples include Chicano themed Casa Zapata, French language oriented French House, and arts focused Kimball. Chicano (feminine Chicana) is a politically-loaded word for a Mexican American (in the sense of native-born Americans of Mexican ancestry as opposed to Mexican French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people ^[29]

Another famous style of housing at Stanford are the co-ops. These houses feature cooperative living, where residents and eating associates each contribute work to keep the house running. Students often help cook meals for the co-op, or clean the shared spaces. The coops are Chi Theta Chi, Columbae, Enchanted Broccoli Forest (EBF), Hammarskjöld (which is also the International Theme House), Kairos, Terra, and the Synergy cooperative house. ^[30]

At any time, around 50 percent of the graduate population lives on campus. When construction concludes on the new Munger graduate residence, this percentage will probably increase. First-year graduate students are guaranteed housing, assuming they are willing to take anything.

Traditions

• Full Moon on the Quad: A student gathering in the Main Quad of the university. Traditionally, seniors exchange kisses with freshmen, although students of all four classes (as well as the occasional graduate student or stranger) have been known to participate.
• Sunday Flicks: Watching a film on Sunday night in Memorial Auditorium. Memorial Auditorium (also called Memorial Hall or MemAud by current students dedicated in 1937 commemorates those students and faculty from Stanford who died in World War II Usually involves paper airplanes or simply throwing wads of newspaper. A paper plane, paper aeroplane, paper Glider, paper airplane or paper dart is a toy plane made out of paper
• Steam-tunnelling: Exploring the steam tunnels under the Stanford campus
• Fountain-hopping: Cavorting in any of Stanford's many fountains (such as the Claw in White Plaza)
• Big Game events: Including Big Game Gaieties (a student-written, composed, and produced musical), which is the week before and including the Big Game vs. A utility tunnel is a space for wires conduits pipes and other conveyances used in the delivery of Utilities with enough room for a human to enter The Big Game is the annual football game between Stanford University and the University of California Berkeley (known simply as "Cal" held The Big Game is the annual football game between Stanford University and the University of California Berkeley (known simply as "Cal" held UC Berkeley. The University of California Berkeley (also referred to as Cal, Berkeley and UC Berkeley) is a major research university located in Berkeley
• Primal scream: Performed by stressed students at midnight during Dead Week
• Midnight Breakfast: During Winter quarter dead week, Stanford faculty serves breakfast to students in several locations on campus (you might see a vice-provost refilling orange juice, etc. Dead week is a Slang term for the week before Final exams in the United States of America. Midnight breakfast is a generic term for a Communal meal served at some American Colleges and Universities. )
• Viennese Ball: a formal ball with waltzes which was started in the 1970s by students returning from the now closed Stanford in Vienna program. A ball is a formal Dance. The word 'ball' is derived from the Latin word "ballare" meaning 'to dance' the term also derived into "bailar" which is the The waltz is a ballroom and folk Dance in time, performed primarily in Closed position. Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. ^[31]
• The Stanford Powwow: Organized by the Stanford American Indian Organization and held every Mother's Day weekend. Mother's Day is a day honoring Mothers celebrated on various days in many places around the world ^[32]
• Mausoleum Party: Halloween Party at the Stanford family mausoleum. Halloween, or Hallowe’en, is a Holiday celebrated on the night of October 31. A mausoleum ( plural: mausolea is an external free-standing building constructed as a monument enclosing the interment space or burial chamber of a deceased person or persons It was on hiatus from 2001 to 2005 due to the fear that the festivities would further deteriorate the conditions of the mausoleum, but was revived in 2006.
• Stanford Dance Marathon: A 24-hour dance-a-thon which raises money for Partners in Health and was started in 2004. Dance Marathon is a charity event originating from Penn State University. Partners In Health (PIH is a Boston Massachusetts -based non-profit Health care organization dedicated to providing a "preferential option for the poor"
• Senior Pub Night: On most Thursdays during the school year, seniors gather together at a bar in Palo Alto or San Francisco. The location rotates week to week, and chartered buses are organized to take the seniors safely between the bar and campus.
• Uncommon Man/Uncommon Woman: Stanford does not award honorary degrees, but in 1953 the university created the degree of Uncommon Man/Uncommon Woman for persons that give rare and extraordinary service to the university. The university's highest honor, the degree is not given at prescribed intervals, but only when appropriate to recognize extraordinary service. Recipients include Herbert Hoover, Bill Hewlett, Dave Packard, Lucille Salter Packard, and John Gardner. Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10 1874 &ndash October 20 1964 was the thirty-first President of the United States (1929–1933 William Redington Hewlett ( May 20, 1913 &ndash January 12, 2001) was the co-founder with David Packard, of the Hewlett-Packard David Packard (September 7 1912 &ndash March 26 1996 was a co-founder of Hewlett-Packard (1939 serving as president (1947-1964 CEO (1964-1968 and Chairman of the John William Gardner, ( October 8, 1912 – February 16, 2002) President of the Carnegie Corporation, Secretary of Health ^[33]
• Birthdays: Boys get thrown in the shower at midnight. For girls, such an ordeal is not required, but may be arranged.

Older, now inactive traditions include the Big Game bonfire on Lake Lagunita (a seasonal lake usually dry in the fall) due to the presence of endangered salamanders. Lake Lagunita is an artificial Lake in Stanford University, California.

Greek life

Stanford is home to three housed sororities (Pi Beta Phi, Kappa Alpha Theta, and Delta Delta Delta) and seven housed fraternities (Sigma Alpha Epsilon, Sigma Chi, Kappa Sigma, Kappa Alpha, Theta Delta Chi, Sigma Nu, Phi Kappa Psi), as well as a number of unhoused Greek organizations, such as Alpha Phi Alpha, Kappa Alpha Psi, Omega Psi Phi, Phi Beta Sigma, Alpha Kappa Alpha, Delta Sigma Theta, Alpha Epsilon Pi, Delta Kappa Epsilon, Kappa Kappa Gamma, Chi Omega, Delta Tau Delta, Alpha Kappa Psi, Sigma Theta Psi, Sigma Phi Epsilon, Lambda Phi Epsilon, alpha Kappa Delta Phi, Gamma Zeta Alpha and Sigma Psi Zeta. Pi Beta Phi ( ΠΒΦ) is an international sorority founded as I Kappa Alpha Theta ( ΚΑΘ) is an international women's fraternity founded on January 27, 1870 at DePauw University. Delta Delta Delta ( ΔΔΔ) also known as Tri Delta is an international Collegiate women's fraternity founded on November 27, 1888. Sigma Alpha Epsilon (also known as SΑΕ) is a secret letter social college fraternity Sigma Chi ( ΣΧ) is one of the largest and oldest all-male college Greek-letter social fraternities and a Secret society. Traditional founding The Kappa Sigma Fraternity claims that its origins can be traced back to Bologna, Italy in 1400. History Kappa Alpha Order was originally founded as Phi Kappa Chi on December 21 1865, at Washington and Lee University in Lexington Virginia. History Origins and growth Theta Delta Chi the eleventh oldest of the college fraternities was founded in 1847 at Union College in Schenectady NY by six ΣΝ (Sigma Nu is an undergraduate College fraternity with chapters in the United States and Canada Phi Kappa Psi (ΦΚΨ Phi Psi is a US national college fraternity. Alpha Phi Alpha ( ΑΦΑ) is the first intercollegiate fraternity established by African Americans Founded on December 4 1906 on the campus of Kappa Alpha Psi ( KAΨ) is a collegiate Greek-letter fraternity with a predominantly African American membership Omega Psi Phi (ΩΨΦ is an international fraternity and was the first African-American national fraternal organization to be founded at a historically black Phi Beta Sigma (ΦΒΣ is a predominately African-American fraternity which was founded at Howard University in Washington D Alpha Kappa Alpha ( ΆΚΆ) is the first Greek-lettered Sorority established and incorporated by African American college women Delta Sigma Theta ( ΔΣΘ) Sorority is a Non-profit Greek letter organization of college educated women who perform public service placing emphasis on the Alpha Epsilon Pi ( ΑΕΠ or AEPi) is the only international Jewish college fraternity in North America, with chapters in the Delta Kappa Epsilon ( ΔΚΕ; also pronounced D-K-E or "Deke" is a Fraternity founded at Yale College in 1844 by 15 men of the sophomore Kappa Kappa Gamma ( ΚΚΓ) is a college women's fraternity, founded at Monmouth College, Illinois. Chi Omega ( ΧΩ, also known as Chi O is a women's fraternity and the largest member of the National Panhellenic Conference. Delta Tau Delta ( ΔΤΔ, DTD or " Delts " is a US -based international college fraternity. ΑΚΨ ( Alpha Kappa Psi) is the oldest and largest professional business fraternity. Sigma Theta Psi was formed on November 13 1991 in San Jose, California by eighteen women seeking to solidify and immortalize the values and responsibilities which embodied their persons ΣΦΕ ( Sigma Phi Epsilon) commonly Nicknamed SigEp or SPE, is a social fraternity for male College students in the ΛΦΕ ( Lambda Phi Epsilon, also known as Lambdas, LPhiE, LFE) is a nationally-recognized Asian-interest fraternity based in the United History alpha Kappa Delta Phi was established at the University of California at Berkeley in the Spring of 1990 and was recognized by the College Panhellenic Association on February History In the Fall of 1993 a group of undergraduate women came together In contrast to many universities, all the Greek houses are on university land and in almost all cases the university also owns the house. As a condition to being recognized they also cannot permit the national organization or others outside the university from having a veto over membership or local governance. ^[34]

Athletics

Main article: Stanford Cardinal

Stanford participates in the NCAA's Division I-A and is a member of the Pacific-10 Conference. The Stanford Cardinal is the nickname of the athletic teams at Stanford University. The National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA, often pronounced "N-C-Double-A" is a voluntary association of about 1200 institutions conferences organizations The Pacific-10 Conference ( Pac-10) is a college athletic conference which operates in the western United States. It also participates in the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation for indoor track (men and women), water polo (men and women), women's gymnastics, women's lacrosse, men's gymnastics, and men's volleyball. The Mountain Pacific Sports Federation is a College athletic conference whose member teams are located in the western United States. Water polo is a team water sport A team consists of six field players and one Goalkeeper. Gymnastics is a Sport involving performance of exercises requiring physical strength agility and coordination Lacrosse is a full contact Team sport played using a solid rubber ball and long handled racket called a crosse or Lacrosse stick. Gymnastics is a Sport involving performance of exercises requiring physical strength agility and coordination Volleyball is an Olympic team sport in which two teams of 6 active players (5 normal players and one 'libero' are separated by a net that is usually four feet Women's field hockey team is part of the NorPac Conference. Field hockey is a Team sport in which players attempt to score goals by hitting the Ball across the pitch with a stick ^[35] Stanford's traditional sports rival is the University of California, Berkeley, its neighbor to the north in the East Bay. The University of California Berkeley (also referred to as Cal, Berkeley and UC Berkeley) is a major research university located in Berkeley

Stanford offers 34 varsity sports (18 female, 15 male, one coed), 19 club sports and 37 intramural sports—about 800 students participate in intercollegiate sports. The University offers about 300 athletic scholarships.

The winner of the annual "Big Game" between the Cal and Stanford football teams gains custody of the Stanford Axe. The Big Game is the annual football game between Stanford University and the University of California Berkeley (known simply as "Cal" held Origins The Stanford axe was originally a standard 15-inch lumberman's axe Stanford's football team played in the first Rose Bowl in 1902. The Rose Bowl Game is an annual American College football Bowl game, usually played on January 1 ( New Year's Day) at the Rose Stanford won back-to-back Rose Bowls in 1971 and 1972. Stanford has played in 12 Rose Bowls, most recently in 2000. Stanford's Jim Plunkett won the Heisman Trophy in 1970. James W "Jim" Plunkett (born December 5, 1947 in San Jose California) is a former American football Quarterback who played

Club sports, while not officially a part of Stanford athletics, are numerous at Stanford. Sports include archery, badminton, cricket, cycling, equestrian, ice hockey, judo, kayaking, men's lacrosse, polo, racquetball, rugby union, squash, skiing, taekwondo, triathlon and Ultimate. Archery is the practice of using a bow or Crossbow to shoot Arrows Archery has historically been used in Hunting and Combat and has Badminton is a racquet sport played by either two opposing players (singles or two opposing pairs (doubles who take positions on opposite halves of a rectangular court Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries Cycling is the use of Bicycles or - less commonly - Unicycles Tricycles Quadricycles and other similar wheeled Human powered vehicles For the Roman class see Equestrian (Roman Equestrianism refers to the skill of riding or driving Horses This broad description Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. meaning "gentle way" is a modern Japanese martial art ( Gendai budō) and Combat sport, that originated in Japan in the late Kayaking is the use of a Kayak for moving across water Kayaking is generally differentiated from Canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the number of Lacrosse is a full contact Team sport played using a solid rubber ball and long handled racket called a crosse or Lacrosse stick. Polo is a team sport played outdoors on Horseback in which the objective is to score goals against an opposing team Racquetball is a Racquet Sport played with a hollow Rubber Ball in an indoor or outdoor court Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short Squash is a racquet sport that was formerly called squash racquets, a reference to the "squashable" soft ball used in the game (compared with the Snow skiing is a group of sports utilizing Skis as primary equipment Taekwondo (Korean태권도thɛʔkwʌndo Englishˈteɪˈkwɒnˈdoʊ is a Korean Martial art and the National sport of South Korea A triathlon is an endurance sports event consisting of Swimming, cycling and Running over various distances Ultimate (often called Ultimate Frisbee in reference to the trademarked brand name) is a non-contact Team sport played with a 175 gram Flying The men's Ultimate team won a national championship in 2002, the women's Ultimate team in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2003, 2005, and 2006, and the women's rugby team in 1999, 2005, 2006 and 2008. The cycling team won the 2007 Division I USA Cycling Collegiate Road National Championships.

Until 1930, Stanford did not have a "mascot" name for its athletic teams. In that year, the athletic department adopted the name "Indians. " In 1972, "Indians" was dropped after a complaint of racial insensitivity was lodged by Native American students at Stanford.

The Stanford sports teams are now officially referred to as the Stanford Cardinal, referring to the deep red color, not the cardinal bird. Cardinal is a vivid Red, which gets its name from the Cassocks worn by cardinals The family of birds takes its name from the color Red is any of a number of similar Colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of Light discernible by the human eye in the wavelength The Cardinals or Cardinalidae are a family of Passerine Birds found in North and South America. Cardinal, and later cardinal and white has been the university's official color since the 19th century. The Band's mascot, "The Tree", has become associated with the school in general. The Stanford Tree is the unofficial Mascot of Stanford University. Part of the Leland Stanford Junior (pause) University Marching Band (LSJUMB), the tree symbol derives from the El Palo Alto redwood tree on the Stanford and City of Palo Alto seals. The Leland Stanford Junior University Marching Band (LSJUMB is the student Marching band of Stanford University. El Palo Alto is a Coast redwood ( Sequoia sempervirens) Tree located in El Palo Alto Park on the banks of San Francisquito Creek in

Stanford hosts an annual U.S. Open Series tennis tournament, the Bank of the West Classic) at Taube Stadium. The US Open Series is the six-week summer Tennis "season" linking 10 ATP Tour and Sony Ericsson WTA Tour tournaments together The Bank of the West Classic is a week-long Tennis Tournament on the WTA Tour held in Stanford, California, United The Taube Tennis Center is a Tennis facility located on the campus of Stanford University near Palo Alto California. Cobb Track, Angell Field, and Avery Stadium Pool are considered world-class athletic facilities.

Stanford has won the award for the top ranked collegiate athletic program—the NACDA Director's Cup, formerly known as the Sears Cup, every year for the past thirteen years. The NACDA Directors' Cup is an award given annually by the National Association of Collegiate Directors of Athletics to the colleges and universities with the most The Cup has been offered for fourteen years.

NCAA achievements: Stanford has earned 91 NCAA National Titles since its establishment, the second-most by any university; 74 NCAA National Titles since 1980, the most by any university; and 393 individual NCAA championships, the most by any university.

Olympic achievements: According to the Stanford Daily, "Stanford has been represented in every summer Olympiad since 1908. "^[36] As of 2004, Stanford athletes had won 182 Olympic medals at the summer games; "In fact, in every Olympiad since 1912, Stanford athletes have won at least one and as many as 17 gold medals. "^[37]

Notable alumni, faculty, and staff

Main article: List of Stanford University people

Notes

Further reading

• Ricard Joncas, David Neumann, and Paul V. Turner. Stanford University. The Campus Guide. Princeton Architectural Press, 2006. The Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Available online.
• Stuart W. Leslie, The Cold War and American Science: The Military-Industrial-Academic Complex at MIT and Stanford, Columbia University Press 1994
• Rebecca S. Lowen, R. S. Lowen, Creating the Cold War University: The Transformation of Stanford, University of California Press 1997

External links

• Stanford University Official Website

• Stanford University is at coordinates 37°25′47″N 122°10′10″W / 37.429847, -122.169447 (Stanford University)Coordinates: 37°25′47″N 122°10′10″W / 37.429847, -122.169447 (Stanford University)

University of California Press, also known as UC Press, is a Publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in Academic A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system.

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