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St Andrews Agreement (2006) Segregation in Northern Ireland |
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The St Andrews Agreement (or Comhaontú Chill Rímhinn in Irish) was an agreement between the British and Irish Governments and the political parties in relation to the devolution of power to Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a Country within the United Kingdom, lying in the northeast of General demographics Population 1685267 The population of Northern Ireland has increased annually since 1978 Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a Country within the United Kingdom, lying in the northeast of The Northern Ireland Assembly ( Irish: Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann, Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann Semmlie) is the devolved Member of the Legislative Assembly ( MLA) is a representative elected by the voters to the Northern Ireland Assembly in Northern Ireland. List of committees of the Northern Ireland Assembly is a list of departmental standing and ad hoc committees of the Northern Ireland Assembly. This is a list of Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly passed by that body from its establishment in 2000 until its suspension in 2002 and from its re-establishment in This is a list of the 108 members of the Northern Ireland Assembly elected in 2007. The Northern Ireland Assembly elected in November 2003, never met as such since Northern Ireland 's devolved government and representative institutions were suspended This is a list of Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly elected in 1998. The third elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly were held on 7 March 2007 when 108 new members were selected The second elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly, which at the time of the elections had been suspended for just over a year were held on Thursday November 26 The first elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly were held on June 25, 1998. The Northern Ireland Executive is the executive arm of the Northern Ireland Assembly, the devolved Legislature for Northern Ireland The First Minister and the deputy First Minister (Irish Céad-Aire agus an Leas-Chéad-Aire, Ulster Scots: Heid Männystèr an tha Heid Männystèr depute This article is a list of Northern Ireland government Departments their Agencies and their Ministers and other related organisations (listed underneath each Department First Executive The First Executive ( 1 July, 1998 – 14 October, 2002) was under the terms of the Northern Ireland Act 1998 a Executive Following the suspension of the Northern Ireland Assembly in 2002 a new election was called in November 2003 in hope of restoring devolution the election Second Executive The Second Executive ( 8 May, 2007 &ndash is as under the terms of the Northern Ireland Act 1998 a power sharing coalition The Northern Ireland Policing Board is the Police Authority for Northern Ireland, charged with supervising the activities of the Police Service of Northern Ireland The Parades Commission is a quasi-judicial Non-Departmental Public Body responsible for placing restrictions on or banning outright any Parades in Northern Ireland The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories The Northern Ireland Affairs Committee is appointed by the House of Commons to examine the expenditure administration and policy of the Northern Ireland Office. The Northern Ireland Grand Committee is one of three such Grand committees in the United Kingdom Parliament. This is a list of Members of Parliament (MPs elected to the House of Commons by constituencies in Northern Ireland for the Fifty-Fourth Parliament of the United This is a list of sitting Members of the United Kingdom House of Lords who were born live or lived in Northern Ireland. This is a list of Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom who were born live or lived in Northern Ireland. Results Overview For events leading up to the date of the election see article Pre-election day events of the United Kingdom general Her Majesty's Government, or when the monarch is male His Majesty's Government, is the title used by the Government of the United Kingdom, based at The Northern Ireland Office ( NIO) is a United Kingdom government department responsible for Northern Ireland affairs The Secretary of State for Northern Ireland is the chief minister in the Government of the United Kingdom with responsibilities for Northern Ireland Direct rule was the term given during the late 20th and early 21st centuries to the administration of Northern Ireland directly from Westminster, seat of The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in The European Parliament ( Europarl or EP) is the only directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU A Member of the European Parliament ( English abbreviation MEP) is a member of the European Union 's legislative body the European Parliament. Northern Ireland is a Constituency of the European Parliament. Northern Ireland is a Constituency of the European Parliament. England Scotland and Wales Turnout for all the regions was 37 England Scotland and Wales Source: UK Office of the European Parliament Note Percentages are approximate Northern Ireland A political party is a Political organization that seeks to attain and maintain political power within Government, usually by participating in electoral Designated Unionist means a MLA designated as a Unionist in accordance with standing orders of the Northern Ireland Assembly as set out in the The Democratic Unionist Party ( DUP) is the larger of the two main unionist political parties in Northern Ireland. The Ulster Unionist Party ( UUP, sometimes referred to as the Official Unionist Party or OUP or in a historic sense simply the Unionist Party See Ulster Progressive Unionist Association, for the political group founded in 1938 The Progressive Unionist Party ( PUP) is a small The Conservatives in Northern Ireland is a name given to the wing of the Conservative and Unionist Party of the United Kingdom that operates in Northern Ireland Traditional Unionist Voice (TUV is a Northern Irish political party founded on 7 December, 2007, as an anti- St Andrews Agreement splinter group Designated Nationalist means a MLA designated as a Nationalist in accordance with standing orders of the Northern Ireland Assembly as set out in the Sinn Féin () is a political party in Ireland. The current party led by Gerry Adams was formed following a split in January 1970 The Social Democratic and Labour Party ( SDLP; Páirtí Sóisialta Daonlathach an Lucht Oibre is one of the two major nationalist parties in Northern Ireland Fianna Fáil – The Republican Party (Fianna Fáil – An Páirtí Poblachtánach shortened to Fianna Fáil ( is currently the largest Political party in the Designated Other means a MLA designated as an Other in accordance with standing orders of the Northern Ireland Assembly as set out in the Northern Ireland The Alliance Party of Northern Ireland (APNI is a Political party in Northern Ireland. The Green Party in Northern Ireland originated in the early 1980s partly as a result of the Green Movement which was sweeping across Western Europe and partly because of the massive The North/South Ministerial Council ( NSMC)' ( Irish: An Chomhairle Aireachta Thuaidh/Theas, Ulster Scots: The Noarth-Sooth Cooncil o The British-Irish Council ( BIC) (Comhairle na Breataine-na hÉireann is a body created by the Belfast Agreement in 1998 and formally established on 2 December 1999 The British-Irish Intergovernmental Conference ( BIIC) is provided for under Strand Three of the Belfast Agreement. The Civic Forum for Northern Ireland is a consultative body in Northern Ireland consisting of members of various civil bodies The Agreement, most often referred to as the Belfast Agreement (Comhaontú Bhéal Feirste Belfast Greeance or the Good Friday Agreement (Comhaontú Aoine an Segregation in Northern Ireland is a long-running issue in the political and social history of the province Northern Ireland elects on a provincial level a Legislature. The Northern Ireland Assembly has 108 members elected in 18 six-member constituencies with the Northern Ireland is divided into 18 Parliamentary constituencies - 4 Borough constituencies in Belfast and 14 County constituencies elsewhere Political parties in Northern Ireland lists political parties in Northern Ireland. Information on politics by country is available for every Country, including both De jure and De facto independent Irish (ga ''Gaeilge'' is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish. Her Majesty's Government, or when the monarch is male His Majesty's Government, is the title used by the Government of the United Kingdom, based at The Government of Ireland (Rialtas na hÉireann n̪ˠə ˈheːɾʲən̪ˠ is the Cabinet that exercises executive authority in Ireland. Devolution is the statutory granting of powers from the central government of a State to government at subnational level Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a Country within the United Kingdom, lying in the northeast of The agreement resulted from multi-party talks held in St Andrews, Fife, Scotland from 11 October to 13 October 2006, between the two governments and all the major parties in Northern Ireland, including Ian Paisley's[1] Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) and Sinn Féin. St Andrews (Cill Rìmhinn is a Town and former Royal burgh on the east coast of Fife, Scotland. Fife ( Gaelic: Fìobha) is a Council area of Scotland, situated between the Firth of Tay and the Firth of Forth, with inland Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Events 1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria. 1531 - Huldrych Zwingli is killed Events 54 - Nero ascends to the Roman throne 409 - Vandals and Alans crossed the Pyrenees Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Ian Richard Kyle Paisley (born 6 April 1926 styled The Rt Hon The Democratic Unionist Party ( DUP) is the larger of the two main unionist political parties in Northern Ireland. Sinn Féin () is a political party in Ireland. The current party led by Gerry Adams was formed following a split in January 1970 It resulted in the restoration of the Northern Ireland Assembly, the formation (on 8 May 2007) of a new Northern Ireland Executive and a decision by Sinn Féin to support the Police Service of Northern Ireland, courts and rule of law. The Northern Ireland Assembly ( Irish: Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann, Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann Semmlie) is the devolved Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The Northern Ireland Executive is the executive arm of the Northern Ireland Assembly, the devolved Legislature for Northern Ireland The Police Service of Northern Ireland is the Police service that covers Northern Ireland.
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The agreement
Key elements of the agreement included the full acceptance of the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) by Sinn Féin, restoration of the Northern Ireland Assembly and a commitment by the DUP to power-sharing with republicans and nationalists in the Northern Ireland Executive. The Police Service of Northern Ireland is the Police service that covers Northern Ireland. Sinn Féin () is a political party in Ireland. The current party led by Gerry Adams was formed following a split in January 1970 The Northern Ireland Executive is the executive arm of the Northern Ireland Assembly, the devolved Legislature for Northern Ireland The governments' plan envisaged the devolution of policing and justice powers within two years from the restoration of the Executive. Northern Ireland law concerns the Legal system of Northern Ireland. The parties were given until 10 November 2006 to respond to the draft agreement. Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The first and deputy first minister would be appointed on 24 November 2006. Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. There was a target date of 26 March 2007 for a new executive to be up and running, after a general election on 7 March 2007. Events 1026 - Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The third elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly were held on 7 March 2007 when 108 new members were selected Events 161 - Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius dies and is succeeded by co-Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
The Northern Ireland (St Andrews Agreement) Act 2006, which implemented the agreement, received Royal Assent on 22 November 2006. The granting of Royal Assent is the formal method by which a constitutional monarch completes the legislative process of Lawmaking by formally assenting to an Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
Reaction
Northern Ireland Secretary Peter Hain called the agreement an "astonishing breakthrough" on BBC Five Live. The Secretary of State for Northern Ireland is the chief minister in the Government of the United Kingdom with responsibilities for Northern Ireland Peter Gerald Hain (born 16 February 1950, Nairobi, Kenya) is a British Labour Party Politician who has
Taoiseach Bertie Ahern said that if the deadlines set by the two governments were not met, "the plan falters and there will be a move to plan B with no more discussions. The Taoiseach (ˈtiːʃəx in English t̪ˠiːʃʲəx (plural Taoisigh ( or) in Irish) also referred to as An Taoiseach ( t̪ˠiːʃʲəx is the the Patrick Bartholomew "Bertie" Ahern ( Irish: Pádraig Parthalán Ó hEachthairn, born 12 September 1951 is an Irish politician who served "
Ian Paisley said "Unionists can have confidence that its interests are being advanced and democracy is finally winning the day. " He also said "Delivering on the pivotal issue of policing and the rule of law starts now. "
Gerry Adams said that the plans needed to be consulted on, but restoring the political institutions was an "enormous prize". Gerry Adams, MLA, MP (Gearóid Mac Ádhaimh born 6 October 1948 is an Irish Republican politician and abstentionist Westminster
Reg Empey, Leader of the Ulster Unionist Party described the agreement as the "Belfast Agreement for slow learners". Sir Reginald Norman Morgan Empey MLA (born October 26, 1947) is a Northern Ireland politician and a Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly The Ulster Unionist Party ( UUP, sometimes referred to as the Official Unionist Party or OUP or in a historic sense simply the Unionist Party The Agreement, most often referred to as the Belfast Agreement (Comhaontú Bhéal Feirste Belfast Greeance or the Good Friday Agreement (Comhaontú Aoine an
Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) leader Mark Durkan said welcome progress had been made towards restoring the power sharing institutions. The Social Democratic and Labour Party ( SDLP; Páirtí Sóisialta Daonlathach an Lucht Oibre is one of the two major nationalist parties in Northern Ireland Mark Henry Durkan (born 26 June 1960 Derry, Northern Ireland) is a nationalist politician in Northern Ireland and the leader of the Social Democratic
Alliance Party leader David Ford said the outcome was a mix "of challenges and opportunities". The Alliance Party of Northern Ireland (APNI is a Political party in Northern Ireland. David Ford is a Northern Ireland politician He is a member of the Northern Ireland Assembly and has been leader of the Alliance Party of Northern [2]
The United Kingdom Unionist Party's leader Robert McCartney is reported to have rejected the power-sharing arrangements of the new agreement as undemocratic. The UK Unionist Party ( UKUP) was a small unionist Political party operating in Northern Ireland from 1995 to 2008 Robert Law McCartney QC (born 24 April 1936) often known as Bob is a Northern Ireland barrister and former leader of the UK Unionist [3]
Introducing the Second Reading of the Northern Ireland (St Andrews Agreement) Bill in the House of Lords, Government spokesperson Lord Rooker said that failure to follow the timetable would see the Northern Ireland Assembly dissolved. The House of Lords is the second house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and is also commonly referred to as "the Lords" Jeffrey Rooker Baron Rooker, PC (born 5 June 1941) is a British politician
The 10 November deadline
The Joint Statement of 13 October stated that the governments had "asked parties, having consulted their members, to confirm their acceptance by 10 November. Events 54 - Nero ascends to the Roman throne 409 - Vandals and Alans crossed the Pyrenees Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw " On that date, a Sinn Féin statement said that on 6 November "the Sinn Féin Ard Chomhairle mandated the party leadership to follow the course set out at St. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with Andrews and to continue with the ongoing negotiations to resolve the outstanding issues" and that they "firmly believed that all of the outstanding difficulties can be resolved. " The DUP statement said that "as Sinn Féin is not yet ready to take the decisive step forward on policing, the DUP will not be required to commit to any aspect of power sharing in advance of such certainty. " Although neither statement constituted "acceptance" of the agreement, both governments maintained that there was sufficient endorsement from all parties to continue the process.
The 24 November deadline
The Joint Statement stated that "the Assembly will meet to nominate the First and Deputy First Minister on 24 November. Events 380 - Theodosius I makes his adventus, or formal " In the days preceding the Assembly meeting the two governments said that it would be sufficient for the parties to "indicate" who their nominations for First and Deputy First Minister would be. When the Assembly met on 24 November, Ian Paisley said that "circumstances have not been reached that there can be a nomination or a designation this day," adding that "if and when commitments are delivered, the DUP would enter government. " Gerry Adams, the Sinn Féin leader, nominated Martin McGuinness for the post of Deputy First Minister. Gerry Adams, MLA, MP (Gearóid Mac Ádhaimh born 6 October 1948 is an Irish Republican politician and abstentionist Westminster James Martin Pacelli McGuinness (Máirtín Mag Aonghusa born in Derry on 23 May 1950 is the Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland. Following the unexpected adjournment of the Assembly[4] Mr. Paisley, in a statement, said: "Everyone already knows that in those circumstances after they are delivered I would accept the first minister's nomination. " Both governments maintained that this was sufficient indication for the process to continue.
The 26 March deadline
The Northern Ireland (St Andrews Agreement) Act 2006 stated that following an election to the Assembly on 7 March 2007, ministerial offices to be held by Northern Ireland Ministers would be filled under the d’Hondt system on 26 March 2007. Events 161 - Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius dies and is succeeded by co-Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The D'Hondt method (mathematically but not operationally equivalent to Jefferson's method, and Bader-Ofer method) is a Highest averages method for Events 1026 - Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. If the ministerial offices could not be filled on that date, the Act required the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland to make an order dissolving the Assembly, and the St Andrews Agreement would fall.
On 28 January 2007 a special Sinn Féin Ard Fheis approved a motion calling for devolution of policing and justice to the Assembly, support for the police services, An Garda Síochána and the PSNI and criminal justice system, the appointment of party representatives to the Policing Board and District Policing Partnership Boards, Sinn Féin Ministers taking the ministerial Pledge of Office, and actively encouraging everyone in the community to co-operate fully with the police services in tackling crime. Events 1077 - Walk to Canossa: The Excommunication of Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor is lifted Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. An Ardfheis or Ard Fheis ( pronounced ˈɛɕ plural Ardfheiseanna) (Ardfheis is an annual convention or special convention usually of a political party ga '''''Garda Síochána na hÉireann''''' (ˈgaːrdə ʃiːˈxaːnə nə ˈheːɾʲən Irish for "Peace Guard of Ireland" often rendered The Northern Ireland Policing Board is the Police Authority for Northern Ireland, charged with supervising the activities of the Police Service of Northern Ireland At the same time, it mandated the Ard Chomhairle (National Executive) to implement the motion "only when the power-sharing institutions are established and when the Ard Chomhairle is satisfied that the policing and justice powers will be transferred. Or if this does not happen within the St Andrews timeframe, only when acceptable new partnership arrangements to implement the Good Friday Agreement are in place. "
The DUP gave a cautious welcome to the move, but without making any overt commitment on the devolution of policing and justice by May 2008. On 30 January, the Prime Minister and the Taoiseach confirmed that Assembly elections would go ahead as planned on 7 March. Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain Events 161 - Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius dies and is succeeded by co-Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus
In the Assembly elections, the DUP and Sinn Féin both gained seats, thus consolidating their position as the two largest parties in the Assembly. The third elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly were held on 7 March 2007 when 108 new members were selected Peter Hain signed the order to restore the institutions on 25 March, warning that if the parties failed to reach agreement by midnight the following day, the Assembly would be closed down. Events 1199 - Richard I is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting France which leads to his death on April 6. Members of the DUP and Sinn Féin, led by Ian Paisley and Gerry Adams, met face-to face for the first time on 26 March, and agreed to form an executive on 8 May, with the DUP giving a firm commitment to enter government with Sinn Féin on that date. Events 1026 - Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor. Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen The agreement was welcomed by Tony Blair and Bertie Ahern. On 27 March emergency legislation was introduced into the British Parliament to facilitate the six-week delay. Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories The Northern Ireland (St Andrews Agreement No 2) Bill was passed without a vote in both the Commons and the Lords and received Royal Assent, as the Northern Ireland (St Andrews Agreement) Act 2007, the same evening. The granting of Royal Assent is the formal method by which a constitutional monarch completes the legislative process of Lawmaking by formally assenting to an
The final stage
In the weeks following the agreement between Paisley and Adams, the four parties — the DUP, Sinn Féin, the UUP and the SDLP — indicated their choice of ministries in the Executive and nominated members to fill them. Ian Richard Kyle Paisley (born 6 April 1926 styled The Rt Hon George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. James Martin Pacelli McGuinness (Máirtín Mag Aonghusa born in Derry on 23 May 1950 is the Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland. The Assembly met on 8 May 2007 and elected Ian Paisley and Martin McGuinness as First Minister and Deputy First Minister. Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Ian Richard Kyle Paisley (born 6 April 1926 styled The Rt Hon James Martin Pacelli McGuinness (Máirtín Mag Aonghusa born in Derry on 23 May 1950 is the Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland. It also ratified the ten ministers as nominated by their parties. On 12 May the Sinn Féin Ard Chomhairle agreed to take up three places on the Policing Board, and nominated three MLAs to take them. Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. The Northern Ireland Policing Board is the Police Authority for Northern Ireland, charged with supervising the activities of the Police Service of Northern Ireland
On 8 December 2007, while visiting President Bush in the White House with the Northern Ireland First Minister Ian Paisley, Martin McGuinness, the Deputy First Minister, said to the press "Up until the 26 March this year, Ian Paisley and I never had a conversation about anything – not even about the weather – and now we have worked very closely together over the last seven months and there's been no angry words between us. Events 1609 - Biblioteca Ambrosiana opens its reading room the second public library of Europe. See also Executive Office of the President of the United States The White House, formerly known as the Executive Mansion, is the Official residence . . . This shows we are set for a new course. "[5][6]
Footnotes
- ^ Ian Paisley left St Andrews quickly after attending the Press Conference in order to be with his family for his fiftieth wedding anniversary.
- ^ BBC News 14 October 2006
- ^ First glitch on the NI political road? BBC.
- ^ The proceedings were disrupted by the loyalist paramilitary Michael Stone, when he entered the building armed with a gun, a knife and homemade explosives. Michael Stone (born 2 April 1955) is a loyalist Paramilitary and Artist. Stone was wrestled to the ground on entry and disarmed by security staff, the devices were defused and the building was evacuated (msn news).
- ^ Staff. Paisley and McGuinness in US trip, BBC 3 December 2007, (Reference for Deputy First Minister)
- ^ Martina Purdy 'Charming' ministers woo president BBC, 8 December 2007 (Reference for the quote)
External links
- Northern Ireland (St Andrews Agreement) Act 2006
- Northern Ireland (St Andrews Agreement) Act 2007
- www.standrewsagreement.org
- Full text of the St Andrews Agreement
- BBC announces the agreement
- Parties to respond within a month
- Peter Hain hails agreement
- Reaction to the St Andrews talks
- Ard Fheis motion from the Sinn Féin website
- Gruelling route to defining moment. Key developments along the tortuous political route of Northern Ireland power-sharing. Daily Record
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