| City of St. Louis | |||
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| Nickname: , Gateway to the West,[1] Mound City | |||
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| Country | United States | ||
| State | Missouri | ||
| County | Independent City | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | Francis G. Slay (D) | ||
| Area | |||
| - City | 66. The Flag of St Louis Missouri was designed by Yale University professor Theodore Sizer. A nickname is a Name of an entity or thing that is not its Proper name. Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The political units and divisions of the United States include The 50 states (four of these being officially styled as Commonwealths) which are typically Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee Missouri has 114 counties and one Independent city. St Louis City is separate from St An independent city is a City that does not form part of another general-purpose Local government entity A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Francis G Slay (born March 18, 1955 in St Louis Missouri) is the forty-fifth Mayor of St The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 2 sq mi (171. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 3 km²) | ||
| - Land | 61. To help compare different Orders of magnitude and geographical regions we list here areas between 100 km² and 1000 km² 9 sq mi (160. 4 km²) | ||
| - Water | 4. 2 sq mi (11. 0 km²) | ||
| Elevation | 455 ft (138. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit 7 m) | ||
| Population [2] | |||
| - City | 353,837 | ||
| - Density | 5,716. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 3/sq mi (2,207. 1/km²) | ||
| - Metro | 2,803,707 | ||
| Time zone | CST (UTC-6) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | CDT (UTC-5) | ||
| Area code(s) | 314 | ||
| Website: http://stlouis.missouri.org | |||
St. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving Areas using UTC−6 Single zone countries Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Daylight saving time ( DST The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks The area code 314 serves the Independent city of St Louis Missouri, and most suburbs located in St Louis (English /seɪnt ˈluːɪs/, French 
/sɛ̃ lwi/) is an independent city[3] in the U.S. state of Missouri. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people An independent city is a City that does not form part of another general-purpose Local government entity A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee It is bordered by the Mississippi River on the east and by St. Louis County on the north, south, and west. The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to St Louis County is a County located in the US state of Missouri. St. Louis is the largest metropolitan area in Missouri. Sometimes written as Saint Louis, the city is named for King Louis IX of France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. St. Louis is famous for its multiple French and German influences as well as having a Victorian past. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Culture The Victorian fascination with novelty resulted in a deep interest in the relationship between modernity and cultural continuities Two events at the beginning of the 20th century, the 1904 World's Fair and 1904 Olympic Games (the first ever held in the United States) are of particular pride to St. The Louisiana Purchase Exposition, informally known as the Saint Louis World's Fair, was an international exposition held in St The 1904 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the III Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in St Louisans. In the 21st century, St. Louis has transformed from a manufacturing and industrial economy into a globally known focus for research in medicine, biotechnology, and other sciences. Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the Biotechnology is Technology based on Biology, especially when used in Agriculture, Food science, and Medicine. Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding
The city has many nicknames, the most popular being "Gateway City", as it is seen as the Eastern/Western US dividing mark. A nickname is a Name of an entity or thing that is not its Proper name. St. Louis is also called "Gateway to the West" on behalf of the many people who migrated west through St. This article refers to the cardinal direction for other uses see West (disambiguation. Louis via the Missouri River (first leg of the Oregon Trail) and other wagon trails. Pioneers traveled across the Oregon Trail, one of the main overland migration routes on the North American Continent, in wagons in order to settle new parts of the St. Louis is also called "Mound City"[4]. This term originated with the Native American burial mounds that once were common in the city. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States These were largely destroyed to level the ground as the urban area grew. The most popular abbreviation for St. Louis is "STL" in reference to the airport code for the city and the long-standing use of an interlocked S, T, and L by the St. Louis Cardinals baseball team (the St. Louis Browns also used an interlocked STL). The ICAO (ˌaɪˌkeɪˈoʊ Airport code or location indicator is a four-letter Alphanumeric Code designating each airport around The St Louis Cardinals (also referred to as "the Cards " or "the Redbirds " are a professional Baseball team based in St The Baltimore Orioles are a professional baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland.
The City of St. Louis lies at the heart of Greater St. Louis, a sprawling region of nearly three million people in both Missouri and Illinois. Greater St Louis is the common name of the St Louis-StCharles-Farmington MO-IL CSA or Metro St Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. The Illinois portion is commonly known as the Metro-East. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. Metro-East is a region in Illinois that comprises the eastern suburbs of St The Greater St. Louis area was the 18th largest Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) area in the U. Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas|Table of United States Core Based Statistical AreasIn the United States, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB has produced S. as of the July 2006 US Census estimate, with more than 2,800,000 people.
Contents |
History
| "The City of St. Louis has affected me more deeply than any other environment has ever done, I consider myself fortunate to have been born here, rather than in Boston, or New York, or London. " T. S. Eliot on St. Thomas Stearns Eliot, OM (September 26 1888 – January 4 1965 was a poet Dramatist, and Literary critic. Louis |
Prior to the arrival of French explorers in 1673 the area that would become St. Prior to the arrival of French explorers in 1673 the area that would become St This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Louis was a major center of the Mississippian mound builders. The Mississippian culture was a mound-building Native American culture that flourished in what is now the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern Mound Builder is a general term referring to the American Indians who constructed various styles of earthen Mounds for burial residential and ceremonial purposes The presence of numerous mounds, now almost all destroyed, earned the later city the nickname of "Mound City". European exploration of the area had begun nearly a century before the city was founded. Louis Joliet and Jacques Marquette, both French, traveled through the Mississippi River valley in 1673, and five years later, La Salle claimed the entire valley for France. Louis Jolliet, also known as Louis Joliet with only one L ( September 21, 1645 &ndash 1700 was a French Canadian explorer Father Jacques Marquette ( June 1, 1637 &ndash May 18, 1675) was a French Missionary who founded Michigan The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to René Robert Cavelier Sieur de La Salle, or Robert de LaSalle ( November 22, 1643 &ndash March 19, 1687) was a French This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. He called it "Louisiana" after King Louis XIV; the French also called their region "Illinois Country. The Viceroyalty of New France (Nouvelle-France was the area colonized by France in North America during a period extending from the exploration of the Early years Birth and ancestry Louis XIV was born in the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye on September 5 1638 and bore the Heir apparent The Illinois Country ( Pays des Illinois) was the name used in the 17th century and afterwards to refer to an undefined region centered around present day southwest " In 1699, a settlement was established across the river from what is now St. Louis, at Cahokia. Cahokia is a Village in St Clair County, Illinois, United States. Other early settlements were downriver at Kaskaskia, Prairie du Pont, Fort de Chartres, and Sainte Genevieve. Kaskaskia is a village in Randolph County, Illinois, United States. Fort de Chartres was a French Fortification first built in 1720 on the east bank of the Mississippi River in present-day Illinois. Ste Genevieve, sometimes known as Ste Geneviève, is a city in Ste In 1703, Catholic priests established a small mission at what is now St. Louis. The mission was later moved across the Mississippi, but the small river at the site (now a drainage channel near the southern boundary of the City of St. Louis) still bears the name "River Des Peres" (French Rivière des pères, River of the Fathers).
In 1763, Pierre Laclède, his 13-year-old "stepson" Auguste Chouteau, and a small band of men traveled up the Mississippi from New Orleans to found a post to take advantage of trade coming downstream by the Missouri River[5]. Pierre Laclède or Pierre Laclède Liguest ( Bedous, Bearne France, 22 November 1729 † near the mouth of Arkansas River René Auguste Chouteau (born September 7, 1749 in New Orleans, Louisiana; died February 24, 1829 in St New Orleans (nʲuːˈɔrliənz nʲuːˈɔrlənz French: La Nouvelle-Orléans) is a major United States port city and the largest city in Louisiana In November, they landed a few miles downstream of the river's confluence with the Missouri River at a site where wooded limestone bluffs rose forty feet above the river. The men returned to Fort de Chartres for the winter, but in February, Laclède sent Chouteau and thirty men to begin construction, laid out in a grid pattern as an imitation of New Orleans. St. Louis was a river city, and it therefore developed in response to its relationship to the river. Development, particularly economic development, clustered around the settlement’s Mississippi River bank on what was called "the levee" and is now called "the landing. The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to " This long, smooth bank of land, which would later be paved with cobblestone, sloped into the river at an incline that was gradual enough to permit the river vessels of the time to beach onto it in order to be unloaded and loaded. All products at this time were shipped to and from New Orleans, orienting St. Louis' 18th-century trade north-south.
The settlement began to grow quickly after word arrived that the 1763 Treaty of Paris had given Britain all the land east of the Mississippi. The Treaty of Paris, often called the Peace of Paris, or the Treaty of 1763, was signed on February 10, 1763, by the kingdoms of Great Britain Frenchmen who had settled to the river's east moved across the water to "Laclède's Village. " Other early settlements were established nearby at Saint Charles, the independent village of Carondelet (later annexed by St. St Charles ( French: "Saint-Charles" Spanish: "San Carlos" is a city in and the county seat of St Louis and now the southernmost part of the current City), Fleurissant (renamed Saint Ferdinand by the Spaniards and now Florissant), and Portage des Sioux. Louisiana was the name of an administrative district of New Spain from 1764 to 1803 that represented territory west of the Mississippi River See also Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument and Florissant Colorado. Portage Des Sioux is a city in St Charles County, Missouri, United States. In 1765, St. Louis was made the capital of Upper Louisiana.
From 1766 to 1768, St. Louis was governed by the French lieutenant governor, Louis Saint Ange de Bellerive, who was not appointed by French or Spanish authorities, but by the leading residents of St. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Louis. After 1768, St. Louis was governed by a series of governors appointed by Spanish authorities, whose administration continued even after Louisiana was secretly returned to France in 1800 by the Treaty of San Ildefonso. The following is a list of commandants of the Illinois Country, which came to be known sometime after 1718 as Upper Louisiana. The Third Treaty of San Ildefonso (formally titled the Preliminary and Secret Treaty between the French Republic and His Catholic Majesty the King of Spain Concerning the Aggrandizement The town's population was then about a thousand. During the period when commandants appointed by Spanish authorities governed St. Louis, meetings of leading residents were also held from time to time, and "syndics" were sometimes elected to carry out certain governmental tasks.
In 1780 St. Louis would be attacked by the British as part of the American Revolution[6]. A combined Spanish and French creole force would protect the city.
St. Louis was acquired from France by the United States under President Thomas Jefferson in 1803, as part of the Louisiana Purchase. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Thomas Jefferson (April 13 1743 – July 4 1826 was the third President of the United States (1801–1809 the principal author of the Declaration of Independence For the film see Louisiana Purchase (film. The Louisiana Purchase (French Vente de la Louisiane "Louisiana Sale" The transfer of power from Spain was made official in a ceremony called "Three Flags Day. " On March 8, 1804, the Spanish flag was lowered and the French one raised. Events 1618 - Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion. Year 1804 ( MDCCCIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a On March 10, the French flag was replaced by the United States flag. Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing French continued, along with English, to be one of the major spoken and written languages in St. Louis until the 1820s.
St. Louis first became legally incorporated as a town on November 9, 1809, though it elected its first municipal legislators (called trustees) in 1808. Events 694 - Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims sentencing all Year 1809 ( MDCCCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year
The Lewis and Clark Expedition left the St. Louis area in May 1804, reached the Pacific Ocean in the summer of 1805, and returned on 23 September 1806. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions Events 1122 - Concordat of Worms. 1459 - Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English Year 1806 ( MDCCCVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Both Lewis and Clark lived in St. Louis after the expedition. Many other explorers, settlers, and trappers (such as Ashley's Hundred) would later take a similar route to the West. A settler is a person who has migrated to an area and established permanent residence there often to colonize the area Trapper may refer to A person who engages in Animal trapping Coal trapper Trapper Keeper, a brand of loose-leaf binder Ashley's Hundred refers to the men who responded in 1822 to the flyer "To Enterprising Young Men The Subscriber wishes to engage One Hundred men to ascend the River Missouri This article refers to the cardinal direction for other uses see West (disambiguation. Missouri became a state in 1821. St. Louis was incorporated as a city on December 9, 1822. Events 536 - Byzantine General Belisarius enters Rome while the Ostrogothic garrison peacefully leaves the city Year 1822 (MDCCCXXII was a Common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Sunday of the A U. S. arsenal was constructed at St. Louis in 1827.
The steamboat era began in St. Louis on July 27, 1817, with the arrival of the Zebulon M. Events 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. Year 1817 ( MDCCCXVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Pike. Steamboats signified significant progress in river trade, as steam power permitted much more efficient and dependable river transportation. Unlike the hand-propelled barges and keel boats that preceded the steamboat as the choice vehicle of Mississippi River trade, steamboats could travel upriver, and against the current, just as easily as downriver. Rapids north of the city made St. Louis the northernmost navigable port for many large boats, and Pike and her sisters soon transformed St. Louis into a bustling boom town, commercial center, and inland port. By the 1830s, it was common to see over 150 steamboats at the St. Louis levee at one time, and by the 1850s, St. Louis had become the largest U. S. city west of Pittsburgh, and the second-largest port in the country, with a commercial tonnage exceeded only by New York. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous
In 1836 the St. Louis Chamber of Commerce was founded according to the current Chamber's literature. This would make it one of the oldest Chambers of Commerce in the United States. Along the way, it’s been involved with projects as diverse as securing funding for Charles Lindbergh’s historic 1927 transatlantic flight (thus the naming of the plane “The Spirit of St. Louis”) and rallying community support for the design, funding and construction of St. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Louis’ famed Gateway Arch. The Jefferson National Expansion Memorial is located in St Louis Missouri near The current chamber is now called the St. Louis Regional Chamber of Commerce, representing the Bi-State region. The Regional Chamber and Growth Association organization is run currently by Richard Fleming. The Regional Chamber and Growth Association (RCGA is the Chamber of commerce and primary Economic development agency for Metropolitan St
Immigrants flooded into St. Immigration refers to the movement of people among countries While the movement of people has existed throughout human history at various levels modern immigration implies long-term A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land a deluge Louis after 1840, particularly from Germany, Bohemia, Italy and Ireland, the last driven by an Old World potato famine. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Bohemia (Čechy; Bohemia Czechy is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands, currently the Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world During Reconstruction, rural Southern blacks flooded into St. Louis as well, seeking better opportunity. The population of St. Louis grew from less than 20,000 in 1840, to 77,860 in 1850, to more than 160,000 by 1860. At this time, public transit developed in order to effectively circulate the vast numbers of new residents in the city. Omnibuses began to service St. Louis in 1843, and in 1859, St. Louis' first streetcar tracks were laid.
Two disasters occurred in 1849: a cholera epidemic killed nearly one-tenth of the population, and a fire destroyed numerous steamboats and a large portion of the city. The St Louis Fire of 1849 was a devastating fire that occurred on May 17, 1849 and destroyed a significant part of St These disasters led to political action: old cemeteries were removed to the outskirts of the town; sinkholes were filled and swamps drained; water and sewer public utilities started; and a new building code required structures to be built of stone or brick. Politics Politics is the process by which groups of people make decisions Furthermore, particularly after the 1849 fire, St. Louis' population decentralization westward accelerated, a pattern of migration that remains extremely evident even today.
In the first half of the 19th century, a second channel developed in the Mississippi River at St. Louis. An island ("Bloody Island") formed between the two channels, and a smaller island ("Duncan's Island") developed below St. Bloody Island was a sand bar in the Mississippi River, opposite St Louis. It was feared that the levee at St. Louis might be left high and dry, and federal assistance was sought and obtained. Under the supervision of Robert E. Lee, levees were constructed on the Illinois side to direct water toward the Missouri side and eliminate the second channel. Robert Edward Lee (January 19 1807 &ndash October 12 1870 was a career United States Army officer, an Engineer, and among the most celebrated Bloody Island was joined to the land on the Illinois side, and Duncan's Island was washed away.
Militarily, the Civil War barely touched St. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Louis; the area saw only a few skirmishes, in which Union forces prevailed. During the American Civil War, the Union was a name used to refer to the federal government of the United States, which was supported by the twenty-three However, the war shut down trade with the South, as Union troops blockaded the Mississippi River from 1861 through the end of the war. Trade in St. Louis declined to about one-third its average, as the economy of the South, one of the markets St. Louis depended on, was devastated. Missouri was nominally a slave state, but its economy did not depend on slavery, and it remained loyal to the Union throughout the Civil War. As a social-economic system slavery is a legal institution under which a Person (called "a slave" is compelled to work for another The arsenal at St. Louis was used during the war to construct ironclad ships for the Union, and shipbuilding continued at the Port of St. Louis even into the latter half of the 20th century.
Eads Bridge, the first road and rail bridge to cross the Mississippi River, was completed in 1874. The Eads Bridge is a combined road and railway bridge over the Mississippi River at St
On August 22, 1876 the City of St. Events 392 - Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor. Year 1876 ( MDCCCLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Louis voted to secede from St. Louis County and become an independent city. Urban secession is a city's Secession from its surrounding region to form a new political unit St Louis County is a County located in the US state of Missouri. At that time the County was primarily rural and sparsely populated, and the fast-growing City did not want to spend its tax dollars on infrastructure and services for the inefficient county; the move also allowed some in St. Louis government to increase their political power. This decision would later come back to haunt the City of St. Louis, as the results of that separation are still problematic today. In 1884, St. Louis hosted its first world fair. The Saint Louis Exposition or St Louis Expo was a World's Fair held in St
As St. Louis grew and prospered during the late 19th and early 20th Century, the city produced a number of notable people in the fields of business and literature. The Ralston-Purina company (headed by the Danforth Family) was headquartered in the city, and Anheuser-Busch, the world's largest brewery, remains a fixture of the city's economy. Nestlé Purina PetCare is the Pet food division of Swiss based Nestlé, following a merger in December 12 2001 between the Nestlé's Friskies John Claggett "Jack" Danforth (born September 5, 1936) is a former United States Ambassador to the United Nations and former Republican Anheuser-Busch Companies Inc ( (ˈænhаɪzər bʊʃ is the largest Brewing company in the United States with a 48 The City was home to both International Shoe and the Brown Shoe Company. International Shoe Co v Washington, 326 US 310 ( 1945) was a Landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court holding that Brown Shoe Company is a Footwear company that owns a variety of popular footwear Brands in the United States and Canada. St. Louis was also one of the cities to see a pioneering brass era automobile company, the Success;[7] despite its low price, the company did not live up to its name. The automotive Brass Era is the first period of automotive manufacturing named for the prominent Brass Fittings used during this time for such things as lights and Success was a Brass era United States Automobile, built at 532 De Ballviere Avenue St
Notable residents in the field of literature included poets Sara Teasdale and Marianne Moore, T. S. Eliot, William Burroughs, and Kate Chopin, as well as playwright Tennessee Williams. Sara Teasdale ( August 8, 1884 – January 29, 1933) was an American lyrical poet. Marianne Moore ( November 15, 1887 – February 5, 1972) was a Modernist American Poet and Writer Thomas Stearns Eliot, OM (September 26 1888 – January 4 1965 was a poet Dramatist, and Literary critic. William Seward Burroughs II ( – ˈbʌroʊz was an American Novelist, Essayist, Social critic, painter and Spoken word Kate Chopin (born Katherine O'Flaherty on February 8, 1851 – August 22, 1904) was an American Author Thomas Lanier Williams III (March 26 1911 &ndash February 25 1983 better known as Tennessee Williams, was a major American playwright who received many of the top theatrical
St. Louis is one of several cities claiming to have the world's first skyscraper. A skyscraper is a tall continuously habitable Building. There is no official definition or a precise cutoff height above which a building may clearly be classified as a skyscraper The Wainwright Building, a 10-story structure designed by Louis Sullivan and built in 1892, still stands at Chestnut and Seventh Streets and is today used by the State of Missouri as a government office building. The Wainwright Building is a 10-story red-brick landmark office building in downtown St Louis Henri Sullivan (September 4 1856 &ndash April 14 1924 was an American Architect, and has been called the "father of modernism. Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee
Nikola Tesla made the first public demonstration of radio communication here in 1893. There have already been discussions about Tesla's ethnicity on the talk page
In 1896, one of the deadliest and most destructive tornadoes in U. The " St Louis - East St Louis Tornado " is a historic Tornado event that occurred on Monday May 27, 1896, as part of a major S. history struck St. Louis and East St. Louis leaving a mile-wide continuous swath of destroyed homes, factories, mills, saloons, hospitals, schools, parks, churches, and railroad yards. Killing more than 255, damages adjusted for inflation (1997 USD) make it the costliest tornado in U. S. history at an estimated $2. 9 billion. Several other tornadoes have hit the city including 1927 (79 killed, 550 injured) and 1959 (21 killed, 345 injured).
By the time of the 1900 census, St. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population Louis was the fourth largest city in the country. [8] In 1904, the city hosted its second World's Fair, which led the Olympic Games to be moved from Chicago, originally selected to host the games, to St. The Louisiana Purchase Exposition, informally known as the Saint Louis World's Fair, was an international exposition held in St The 1904 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the III Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in St Louis to coincide with the Fair. [9] With these games, the United States became the first English-speaking country to host the Olympics. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games Citizens of St. Louis still look back fondly on the events of 1904; there were several events held in 2004 to commemorate the centennial.
St. Louis had developed a lively immigrant gang culture by the early 20th century, leading up to much bootlegging activity and gang violence. One gang leader, from an Irish part of the city referred to as "Kerry Patch" (now almost entirely non-Irish-populated, the area is now part of the Old North St. Louis neighborhood) was named "Jelly Roll" Hogan. Old North St Louis is a neighborhood just north and very slightly west of the downtown area of St Hogan's gang is mentioned in Tennessee Williams' The Glass Menagerie. Thomas Lanier Williams III (March 26 1911 &ndash February 25 1983 better known as Tennessee Williams, was a major American playwright who received many of the top theatrical The Glass Menagerie is a play by Tennessee Williams that was originally written as a screenplay for MGM, to whom Williams was contracted In the 1920s there were shoot outs on Lindell Boulevard between Hogan's Gang and the gang known as Egan's Rats. Egan's Rats was an Irish-American street gang that exercised considerable power in St A priest was brought in to broker peace between the gangs in 1923, but this truce only lasted a few months before two more people were killed in a public shoot out. In 1923, Egan's Rats made off with $2. 4 million in bonds from a mail truck. Hogan during this time was a state representative. In the United States of America, a state legislature is a generic term referring to the legislative body of any of the country's 50 states. He was elected in 1916, eventually became a state senator, and spent forty years in elected office. A state senator is a member of a state's Senate, the Upper house in the Bicameral legislature of 49 U
Although St. Louis did not segregate people on street cars like other cities, racial discrimination in housing was commonplace, and discrimination in employment was not uncommon before World War II. During World War II, the NAACP successfully campaigned, through protests and picket lines, to persuade the Federal government to allow African-Americans to work in war plants. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, usually abbreviated as NAACP, is one of the oldest and most influential Civil rights organizations Some 16,000 jobs were gained in this way. White southerners no longer had to be brought to St. Louis to do the work. State court rulings and local civil rights campaigns in the two decades after the war undid the legality of race-based restrictions on real estate ownership and opened some clerical positions in local banks, etc. that had been more common prior to WWII.
St. Louis, like many other Midwestern cities, experienced major expansion in the early 20th century due to the formation of many industrial companies. Like many U. S. cities, the city reached its peak population at the 1950 census. The Gateway Arch was built in the mid-1960s. In January 1999, the city hosted Pope John Paul II for a day. Pope Suburbanization in conjunction with the GI Bill, interstate highway construction, and changes in housing preferences shifted the population out of the city and into newly-formed suburbs. The GI Bill (officially titled Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 PL346 58 Statutes at Large 284 provided for college or vocational education for returning The Dwight D Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly called the Interstate Highway System (or simply the Interstate System) Although the overall population of the St. Louis MSA has always been growing, the St. Louis city population itself had been decreasing.
Recently, there has been revitalization in Downtown St. Louis and along a corridor extending to the west through Midtown and the Central West End neighborhoods. Downtown St Louis is the central business district of St Louis Missouri, the hub of tourism and entertainment and the anchor of the St The St. Louis Cardinals' new Busch Stadium opened in 2006. Busch Stadium (also referred to informally as " New Busch Stadium " or " Busch Stadium III " is the home of the St Ballpark Village would have been built where northern half of the former Busch Stadium stood, but those plans have been put on hold. St Louis Ballpark Village is a planned $650 million development in downtown St Busch Memorial Stadium, or Busch Stadium was the home of the St For several years, the Washington Avenue Loft District has been gentrifying with an expanding corridor along Washington Avenue from the Edward Jones Dome westward almost two dozen blocks. The Washington Avenue Loft District is a portion of St Louis Missouri, located on the northern and western edge of the city's downtown Gentrification, or urban gentrification, is the change in an Urban area associated with the movement of more affluent individuals into a lower-class The Edward Jones Dome (more formally known as the Edward Jones Dome at America's Center) and previously known as The Trans World Airlines Dome or TWA Dome Revitalization continues, including new construction, as the corridor extends to the west to Forest Park. [10]
Because of the major upturn in urban revitalization, St. Louis received the World Leadership Award for urban renewal in 2006. [11] In 2006 the U. S. Census Bureau reported St. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Louis had a net population gain of 5,648 from the 2000 Census, to 353,837, the first gain the city has had since 1950. [2] However, since then, the State of Missouri released census estimates projecting the city will lose 3,000 residents by 2030. [12]
Geography
Topography
According to the United States Census Bureau, St. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Louis has a total area of 66. 2 square miles (171. 3 km²), of which, 61. 9 square miles (160. 4 km²) of it is land and 11. 0 km² (4. 2 sq mi or 6. 39%) of it is water. The city is built primarily on bluffs and terraces that rise 100-200 feet above the western banks of the Mississippi River, just south of the Missouri-Mississippi confluence. The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to Much of the area is a fertile and gently rolling prairie that features low hills and broad, shallow valleys. Both the Mississippi River and the Missouri River have cut large valleys with wide flood plains.
Limestone and dolomite of the Mississippian epoch underlies the area and much of the city is a karst area, with numerous sinkholes and caves, although most of the caves have been sealed shut; many springs are visible along the riverfront. Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 Dolomite (ˈdɒləmaɪt is the name of a Sedimentary Carbonate rock and a Mineral, both composed The geologic time scale is a chronologic schema (or idealized Model) relating Stratigraphy to time that is used by Geologists and other Karst topography is a landscape shaped by the dissolution of a layer or layers of soluble Bedrock, usually Carbonate rock such as Limestone A cave is a natural underground void large enough for a human to enter Significant deposits of coal, brick clay, and millerite ore were once mined in the city, and the predominant surface rock, the St. A brick is a block of Ceramic material used in Masonry construction laid using mortar. Clay is a naturally occurring material composed primarily of fine-grained Minerals which show plasticity through a variable range of Water content, and Millerite is a Nickel Sulfide Mineral, NiS It is brassy in colour and has an acicular habit often forming radiating masses and furry aggregates Louis Limestone, is used as dimension stone and rubble for construction.
Near the southern boundary of the City of St. Louis (separating it from St. Louis County) is the River des Peres, virtually the only river or stream within the city limits that is not entirely underground. St Louis County is a County located in the US state of Missouri. The River des Peres is a metropolitan river in St Louis, Missouri. [13] Most of River des Peres was either channelized or put underground in the 1920s and early 1930s. The lower section of the river was the site of some of the worst flooding of the Great Flood of 1993. The Great Flood of 1993 occurred in the American Midwest, along the Mississippi and Missouri rivers and their tributaries from April to October
Near the central, western boundary of the city is Forest Park, site of the 1904 World's fair, the Louisiana Purchase Exposition of 1904, and the 1904 Summer Olympics, the first Olympic Games held in North America. Forest Park in St Louis Missouri, opened in 1876 and the former site of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition of 1904 (better known as "The World's Expo (short for "exposition" and also known as World Fair and World's Fair) is the name given to various large public exhibitions held since the The Louisiana Purchase Exposition, informally known as the Saint Louis World's Fair, was an international exposition held in St The 1904 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the III Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated in St The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games At the time, St. Louis was the fourth most populous city in the United States.
The Missouri River forms the northern border of St. Louis County, exclusive of a few areas where the river has changed its course. St Louis County is a County located in the US state of Missouri. The Meramec River forms most of its southern border. The Meramec River is one of the longest free-flowing waterways in Missouri —it wanders some 220 miles (350 kilometers through six Missouri Ozark Highland To the east is the City and the Mississippi River. The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to
Climate
St. Louis has been known to be a humid continental climate (Koppen climate classification Dfa) as well as a humid subtropical climate (Koppen climate classification Cfa), falling within the boundaries of the two climates, and has neither large mountains nor large bodies of water to moderate its temperature. The humid continental climate is a Climate found over large areas of land masses in the temperate regions of the mid-latitudes where there is a zone of conflict between The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems It was developed by Wladimir Köppen, a German climatologist Humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cfa or Cwa) is a climate zone characterized by hot humid summers and chilly to mild winters The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems It was developed by Wladimir Köppen, a German climatologist Both cold Canadian Arctic air and hot, humid tropical air from the Gulf of Mexico affect the region. The Gulf of Mexico ( Spanish: Golfo de México) is the ninth largest Body of water in the world The city has four distinct seasons. A season is one of the major divisions of the Year, generally based on yearly periodic changes in Weather. The average annual temperature for the years 1970-2000, recorded at nearby Lambert-Saint Louis International Airport, is 56. Lambert-St Louis International Airport is the primary airport for St 3 °F (13. 5 °C), and average precipitation is 37. 15 inches (942 mm). The normal high temperature in July is 89 °F (32 °C), and the normal low temperature in January is 21 °F (−6 °C), although these values have been known to vary at times. Temperatures of 100 °F (38 °C) or more occur no more than five days a year and temperatures of 0 °F (-17. 8 °C) or below occur 2 or 3 days a year on average. The official record low is -23 °F (-30. 6 °C) on January 29, 1873, and the record high is 115 °F (46. Events 904 - Sergius III comes out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed Antipope Christopher. Year 1873 ( MDCCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common 1 °C) on July 14, 1954. Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France. Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) [14]
Winter (December through February) is the driest season, averaging about 6. 7 inches of total precipitation. Average annual snowfall is 19. 8 inches (500 mm) per year. Spring (March through May), is typically the wettest season, with approximately 10. 8 inches (270 mm) of precipitation. Dry spells lasting one or two weeks are common during the growing seasons.
St. Louis usually experiences thunderstorms on the average 48 days a year. [15] Especially in the spring, these storms can often be severe, with high winds, large hail and tornadoes. Hail is a form of precipitation which consists of balls or irregular lumps of ice (hailstones St. Louis has been affected on more than one occasion by particularly damaging tornadoes. City of St Louis tornadoes St Louis Metropolitan Area tornadoes See also List of tornadoes and tornado
A period of warm weather late in autumn known as Indian summer can occur – roses will still be in bloom as late as November or early December in some years. Indian summer is a name given to a period of sunny warm weather in Autumn, not long before Winter. A rose is a perennial flowering Shrub or vine of the Genus Rosa, within the family Rosaceae, that contains over 100 species
| Weather averages for St. Louis, Missouri | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °F (°C) | 39 (3) | 44 (6) | 54 (12) | 67 (19) | 76 (24) | 85 (30) | 89 (32) | 87 (31) | 80 (27) | 69 (21) | 54 (12) | 43 (6) | 66 (19) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 21 (-6) | 25 (-3) | 34 (1) | 46 (7) | 55 (12) | 65 (18) | 69 (20) | 67 (19) | 59 (15) | 48 (8) | 36 (2) | 26 (-3) | 46 (7) |
| Precipitation inches (mm) | 2. In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric 0 (51) | 2. 1 (53) | 3. 3 (84) | 3. 6 (91) | 3. 9 (99) | 3. 8 (97) | 3. 8 (97) | 3. 0 (84) | 3. 0 (84) | 2. 8 (71) | 3. 1 (79) | 2. 6 (66) | 37. 1 (942) |
| Source: Weatherbase[16] January 2007 | |||||||||||||
Flora and fauna
Before the founding of the city, the area was prairie and open forest maintained by burning by Native Americans. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States Trees are mainly oak, maple, and hickory, similar to the forests of the nearby Ozarks; common understory trees include Eastern Redbud, Serviceberry, and Flowering Dogwood. The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of about 400 species of Trees and Shrubs in the Genus Quercus (from Latin Acer ( maple) is a Genus of Trees or Shrubs They are variously classified in a family of their own the Aceraceae, or Trees in the genus Carya (from Ancient Greek κάρυον " Nut " are commonly known as Hickory. Cercis canadensis L ( Eastern Redbud) is a large Shrub or small Tree native to eastern North America from southern Amelanchier, also known as shadbush, serviceberry, sarvisberry, juneberry, Saskatoon, shadblow, shadwood Cornus florida ( Flowering Dogwood, syn Benthamidia florida (L Riparian areas are forested with mainly American sycamore. "Riparian" redirects here For the legal doctrine see " Riparian water rights. Most of the residential area of the city is planted with large native shade trees. The largest native forest area is found in Forest Park. In Autumn, the changing color of the trees is notable. Most species here are typical of the Eastern Woodland, although numerous decorative non-native species are found; the most notable invasive species is Japanese honeysuckle, which is actively removed from some parks. The Japanese Honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica; Suikazura 水[[wiktionary 鬘|鬘]] or スイカズラ in Japanese) is a species of
Large mammals found in the city include urbanized coyotes and occasionally a stray whitetail deer. The Bald Eagle ( Haliaeetus leucocephalus) is a Bird of prey found in North America that is most recognizable as the national bird and The Chain of Rocks Bridge spans the Mississippi River on the north edge of St Mammals ( class Mammalia) are a class of Vertebrate Animals characterized by the presence of Sweat glands, including sweat glands The coyote (kaɪˈoʊti ˈkaɪoʊt ( Canis latrans) also known as the prairie wolf, is a Mammal of the order Carnivora The White-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus) also known as the Virginia deer, or simply as the whitetail, is a medium-sized Deer found throughout Eastern Gray Squirrel, Cottontail rabbit, and other rodents are abundant, as well as the nocturnal and rarely seen Opossum. The eastern gray squirrel ( Sciurus carolinensis) is a Tree squirrel native to the eastern and Midwestern United States and to the southerly Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the Western Hemisphere. Large bird species are abundant in parks and include Canada goose, Mallard duck, as well as shorebirds, including the Great Egret and Great Blue Heron. The Canada Goose ( Branta canadensis) is a Goose belonging to the Genus Branta native to North America. The Mallard ( Anas platyrhynchos) probably the best-known and most recognizable of all ducks is a Dabbling duck which breeds throughout the Temperate Waders, called shorebirds in North America (where "wader" is used to refer to long-legged wading Birds such as Storks and The Great Egret Ardea alba, also known as the Great White Egret, or Common Egret, is a wading Egret, found in most of the tropical and The Great Blue Heron, Ardea herodias, is a wading Bird in the Heron family Ardeidae, common over most of North and Central Gulls are common along the Mississippi River; these species typically follow barge traffic. Gulls (often informally Seagulls) are birds in the family Laridae The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to BARGE, the Big August RecGambling Excursion is a yearly convention held in Las Vegas during the first weekend of August Winter populations of Bald Eagles are found by the Mississippi River around the Chain of Rocks Bridge. The Bald Eagle ( Haliaeetus leucocephalus) is a Bird of prey found in North America that is most recognizable as the national bird and The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to The Chain of Rocks Bridge spans the Mississippi River on the north edge of St The city is on the Mississippi Flyway, used by migrating birds, and has a large variety of small bird species, common to the eastern U. The Mississippi Flyway is a Bird migration route that generally follows the Mississippi River in the United States and the Mackenzie River S. The Eurasian Tree Sparrow, an introduced species, is limited in North America to the counties surrounding St. The Tree Sparrow, Passer montanus, breeds over most of Europe and Siberia, and allied forms occur in other parts of Asia. Louis. Tower Grove Park is a well-known birdwatching area in the city. Tower Grove Park is a Municipal park built on land most of which was given as a gift to the City of Saint Louis by Henry Shaw in 1868
Frogs are commonly found in the springtime, especially after extensive wet periods. Common species include the American toad and species of chorus frogs, commonly called "spring peepers" that are found in nearly every pond. The American toad ( Bufo americanus) is a common species of Toad found throughout the eastern United States and Canada. A spring peeper ( Pseudacris crucifer) is a small Tree frog widespread throughout the eastern USA and Canada. Some years have outbreaks of cicadas or ladybugs. A cicada is an Insect of the order Hemiptera, suborder Auchenorrhyncha, in the superfamily Cicadoidea, with large eyes wide apart on the Mosquitos and houseflies are common insect nuisances; because of this, windows are nearly universally fitted with screens, and "screened-in" porches are common in homes of the area. Mosquitoes are insects in the family Culicidae. They have a pair of scaled wings a pair of Halteres, a slender body and long legs The housefly (also house fly, house-fly or common housefly) Musca domestica, is the most common of all Flies Insects ( Class Insecta) are a major group of Arthropods and the most diverse group of Animals on the Earth with over a million described A window screen, insect screen or fly screen is a Metal wire, Fiberglass, or other synthetic fiber mesh stretched in a frame of A porch is a structure attached to a building forming a covered entrance to a vestibule or doorway Invasive populations of honeybees have sharply declined in recent years, and numerous native species of pollinator insects have recovered to fill their ecological niche. Pollination in angiosperms and Gymnosperms is the process that transfers pollen grains, which contain the male Gametes (sperm to where the female
Metropolitan statistical area
The St. Louis Metropolitan Statistical Area is the largest Metropolitan Area in Missouri, and the 18th largest in the United States, and has an estimated total population of 2,866,517 as of July 1, 2007. Greater St Louis is the common name of the St Louis-StCharles-Farmington MO-IL CSA or Metro St Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas|Table of United States Core Based Statistical AreasIn the United States, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB has produced Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee See also Metropolitan Statistical Area, Core Based Statistical Area Table of United States Core Based Statistical AreasThe United States Census Bureau has defined "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. This area includes the independent City of St. An independent city is a City that does not form part of another general-purpose Local government entity Louis (353,837) and the Missouri counties of St. Louis (1,000,510), St. Charles (338,719), Jefferson (216,469), Franklin (100,067), Lincoln (50,123), Warren (29,685), and Washington (24,182), plus the Illinois counties of Madison (265,303), St. Clair (260,919), Macoupin (48,841), Clinton (36,633), Monroe (31,876), Jersey (22,628), Bond (18,055), and Calhoun (5,177). Missouri has 114 counties and one Independent city. St Louis City is separate from St St Louis County is a County located in the US state of Missouri. St Charles County is a County located in the US state of Missouri. Jefferson County is a County located in the US state of Missouri, and included the Mean center of U Franklin County is a County located in the US state of Missouri on the south side of the Missouri River. Lincoln County is a County located in the US state of Missouri. Warren County is a County located in the US state of Missouri. Washington County is a County located in the US state of Missouri. The links in the column FIPS County Code are to the Census Bureau Info page for that county Madison County is a County located in the US state of Illinois. St Clair County is a County located in the US state of Illinois, and determined by the U Macoupin County is a county located in the southwestern portion of the U Clinton County is a County located in the US state of Illinois, and determined by the U Monroe County is a County located in the US state of Illinois. Jersey County is a County located in the US state of Illinois. Bond County is a County located in the US state of Illinois It is part of the St Calhoun County is a County located in the US state of Illinois.
Cityscape
The city is divided into 79 government-designated neighborhoods. This list of tallest buildings in St Louis ranks Skyscrapers and monuments in the U The following is a list of neighborhoods of the city of St Louis Missouri. The divisions have no legal standing, although some neighborhood associations administer grants or hold veto power over historic-district development. Nevertheless, the social and political influence of neighborhood identity is profound. Some hold avenues of massive stone edifices built as palaces for heads of state visiting the 1904 World's Fair. The Louisiana Purchase Exposition, informally known as the Saint Louis World's Fair, was an international exposition held in St Others offer tidy working-class bungalows or loft districts. Many of them have endured as strong and cohesive communities.
Among the best-known, architecturally significant, or well-visited neighborhoods are Downtown, Midtown, Benton Park, Carondelet, the Central West End, Clayton/Tamm (Dogtown), Dutchtown South, Forest Park Southeast, Grand Center, The Hill, Lafayette Square, LaSalle Park, Old North St. Louis, Compton Heights, Princeton Heights, Shaw (home to the Missouri Botanical Garden and named after the Garden's founder, Henry Shaw), Southampton, Southwest Garden, Soulard (home of the second-largest Mardi Gras festival in the nation), Tower Grove East, Tower Grove South, Hortense Place (home to many grand mansions), Holly Hills, St. Downtown St Louis is the central business district of St Louis Missouri, the hub of tourism and entertainment and the anchor of the St Midtown St Louis one of the 79 neighborhoods of St Louis Missouri. Carondelet (kæˈrɒndəlɛt is a neighborhood in the extreme southeastern portion of St The Central West End is a distinct neighborhood in St Louis Missouri, stretching from Midtown 's western edge to Union Boulevard and bordering on Forest Park Clayton-Tamm is a traditionally Irish-American neighborhood located near the western border of St Grand Center, located just north of the Saint Louis University campus bills itself as the arts district of St The Hill is a mostly Italian-American neighborhood within St Louis Missouri, located on high ground south of Forest Park. Lafayette Square is a neighborhood in St Louis Missouri that is bounded on the north by Chouteau Avenue on the south by Interstate 44 on the east by Dolman Street and LaSalle Park is an integral part of the three-neighborhood "Old Frenchtown" area — LaSalle Park Lafayette Square and Soulard — bordering the southern edge of downtown Old North St Louis is a neighborhood just north and very slightly west of the downtown area of St Compton Heights is a neighborhood of St Louis Missouri. Shaw is a neighborhood in St Louis Missouri. It is bordered on the North by Interstate 44, the east by S The Missouri Botanical Garden is a Botanical garden located in St Henry Shaw, ( July 24, 1800 in Sheffield, England – August 25, 1889 in St Southampton is a Neighborhood in St Louis Missouri. Located in the southern reaches of the city its borders are Chippewa Street ( Route 366) (formerly Soulard (soo-lard is a historic French neighborhood in St Louis Missouri. " Mardi Gras " ( French for Fat Tuesday) is the day before Ash Wednesday. Louis Hills, and Wydown/Skinker. Wydown/Skinker is a neighborhood in St Louis Missouri. Washington University in St
St. Louis Received the World Leadership Award for urban renewal in 2006 and 2007. The World Leadership Awards are prepared by the World Leadership Forum and presented to city leaders who have shown exceptional imagination foresight or resilience in a number The improvement in the quality of life in the City of St. Louis received international recognition after the award was presented.
Culture
Tourism
There are many museums and attractions in the city. The St. Louis Art Museum, located in the City's premier park, Forest Park , and dating from the 1904 World's Fair, houses an impressive array of modern art and ancient artifacts, with an extensive collection of master works of several centuries, including paintings by Rembrandt, Van Gogh, Pissarro, Picasso, and many others. Apotheosis-of-saint-louisjpg|thumb|float|right|200px|This stature "The Apotheosis of St Forest Park in St Louis Missouri, opened in 1876 and the former site of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition of 1904 (better known as "The World's Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (July 15 1606 &ndash October 4 1669 was a Dutch painter and etcher. Camille Pissarro ( July 10 1830 &ndash November 13 1903) was a French Impressionist painter. Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Martyr Patricio Clito Ruíz y Picasso (October 25 1881 &ndash April 8 1973 Forest Park is bigger than New York's Central Park. Central Park is a large public Urban park in New York City, with about twenty-five million visitors annually The privately-owned City Museum offers a variety of interesting exhibits, including several large faux-caves and a huge outdoor playground. City Museum is a museum consisting largely of repurposed architectural and industrial objects housed in the former International Shoe building in the Washington Avenue It also serves as a meeting point for St. Louis's young arts scene. The Pulitzer Foundation for the Arts, located in Grand Center, is an arts institution in a world-renowned building designed by the Pritzker Prize-winning architect, Tadao Ando. The Pulitzer Foundation for the Arts in St Louis Missouri opened in 2001 with a building designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Grand Center, located just north of the Saint Louis University campus bills itself as the arts district of St is a Japanese Architect whose approach to Architecture was once categorised as Critical regionalism. The Eugene Field House, located in downtown St. Eugene Field Sr ( September 2, 1850 - November 4, 1895) was an American writer best known for his children's poetry and humorous Louis, is a museum dedicated to the distinguished children's author. The Missouri History Museum presents exhibits and programs on a variety of topics including the 1904 World's Fair, and a comprehensive exhibit on Lewis and Clark's voyage exploring the Louisiana Purchase. The Missouri History Museum is located in St Louis, Missouri in Forest Park. The Fox Theatre, originally one of many movie theatres along Grand Boulevard, is now a newly restored theater featuring a Byzantine facade and Oriental decor. The Fox Theatre is one of the most famous theaters in St Louis, Missouri. The Fox Theatre presents a Broadway Series in addition to concerts. The St. Louis Union Station is a popular tourist attraction with retail shops and a luxury hotel. St Louis Union Station, a National Historic Landmark, is a former passenger train terminal in St
There are several notable churches in the city, including the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis (more commonly known as "the New Cathedral"), a large Roman Catholic cathedral designed in the Byzantine and Romanesque styles. Cathedral Basilica of Saint Louis, commonly known as the Saint Louis Cathedral, or colloquially as the New Cathedral, in Saint Louis Missouri, was constructed This article is about the history and organisation of the cathedral Byzantine architecture is the Architecture of the Byzantine Empire. Regional characteristics of Romanesque architecture|Romanesque art Romanesque architecture is the term that is used to describe the architecture of Middle Ages Europe which It is the motherchurch and seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Louis, the principal diocese of Missouri; the current Archbishop is Raymond Leo Burke. The interior is decorated with lovely mosaics, the largest mosaic collection in the world. Art History Mosaics of the 4th century BC are found in the Macedonian palace-city of Aegae, and they enriched the floors of Hellenistic The Basilica of St. Louis, King of France (1834) (more commonly known as the "Old Cathedral") is the oldest Roman Catholic cathedral west of the Mississippi River. The Basilica of Saint Louis King of France, formerly the Cathedral of Saint Louis, and colloquially the Old Cathedral, was consecrated in 1834 The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to The Old Cathedral is located adjacent to the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial. The Jefferson National Expansion Memorial is located in St Louis Missouri near Also notable is the abbey church of Saint Louis Abbey, whose distinctive architectural style garnered multiple awards at the time of its completion. The Abbey of Saint Mary and Saint Louis, in St Louis Missouri, USA was founded at the invitation of prominent St The Gateway Arch, part of the Memorial, is arguably the city's best known landmark, as well as a popular tourist site. The Jefferson National Expansion Memorial is located in St Louis Missouri near This Memorial commemorates the acquisition and settlement, by the citizens of the United States of America, of all of the lands west of the Mississippi River that are part of the nation today. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Arch, and the entire 91 acres of the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial park, occupy the exact location of the original French village of St. Louis (1764-1804). Unfortunately, no buildings from that era exist today.
The Hill is an historically Italian neighborhood where many of the area's best Italian restaurants can be found. The Hill is a mostly Italian-American neighborhood within St Louis Missouri, located on high ground south of Forest Park. The Hill was the home of Yogi Berra, Joe Garagiola, and many other noted athletes. Lawrence Peter "Yogi" Berra (born May 12 1925 in St Louis Missouri) is a former Major League Baseball player and manager For this person's son the baseball executive see Joe Garagiola Jr
The Saint Louis Zoological Park, one of the oldest and largest free-admission zoos in the country, is home to an Insectarium and the Prairie Village. The Saint Louis Zoological Park is a Zoo in Forest Park in St The St. Louis Zoo is the most visited zoo in the United States, having surpassed the San Diego Zoo in popularity. It boasts many exhibits with animal-friendly habitats. The zoo is located in Forest Park, adjacent to the St. Louis Art Museum.
The International Bowling Museum and Hall of Fame and St. Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame Museum are located near Busch Stadium in downtown St. International Bowling Museum and Hall of Fame is located in downtown St The St Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame Museum is a Hall of fame for the St Louis.
Laclede's Landing, located on the Mississippi Riverfront directly north of the historic Eads Bridge, is popular for its restaurants and nightclubs. Laclede's Landing is a popular attraction located in St Louis Missouri, United States. The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to The Eads Bridge is a combined road and railway bridge over the Mississippi River at St St. Louis also possesses several distinct examples of 18th and 19th century architecture, such as the Soulard Market district (1779-1842), the Chatillon-de-Menil House (1848), the Bellefontaine Cemetery (1850), the Robert G. Bellefontaine Cemetery (established in 1849 and the Roman Catholic Calvary Cemetery (established in 1857 in St Campbell House (1852), the Old Courthouse (1845-62), the original Anheuser-Busch Brewery (1860), and two of Louis Sullivan's early skyscrapers, the Wainwright Building (1890-91) and the Union Trust Building. Louis Henri Sullivan (September 4 1856 &ndash April 14 1924 was an American Architect, and has been called the "father of modernism. The Wainwright Building is a 10-story red-brick landmark office building in downtown St
.JPG/250px-Eads_bridge_(3).JPG)
On the Riverfront two sculptural groups has been designated a National Lewis and Clark site by the National Park Service. The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation This includes a twice life sized grouping of Lewis and Clark on the St. Louis Riverfront which commemorated the final celebration of the bicentennial of the expedition. These sculptures were done by Harry Weber
The Lemp Mansion, home of the ill-fated Lemp family, brewers of Falstaff Beer and others, is considered one of the most haunted places in the nation. Harry Weber (born August 3, 1976 in Berlin) is an advertising and street Photographer. Lemp Mansion is a house in St Louis Missouri. The ghosts of several Lemp family members are said to haunt the mansion It is open to the public as a restaurant, murder-mystery dinner theater, and bed & breakfast.
Tourism outside the city proper
The Butterfly House is located in western St. Louis County. St Louis County is a County located in the US state of Missouri.
The Museum of Transportation is just outside Kirkwood, a suburb in southwestern St. Louis County. The Museum of Transportation on 3015 Barrett Station Road St Louis, Missouri has a wide variety of vehicles from American history Kirkwood is a city in St Louis County, Missouri, in the United States. St Louis County is a County located in the US state of Missouri. Many large steam locomotives, classic cars, a rare Chrysler Turbine car, and even a boat are displayed. Chrysler LLC is an American Automobile manufacturer that has been producing Automobiles since 1925 A wide range of classic aircraft are also preserved at the Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum at Creve Coeur Airport in West St Louis. The Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum, located at Creve Coeur Airport in Maryland Heights Missouri, is a museum dedicated to restoring and preserving historical [17]
The Magic House, a children's hands-on exploration museum, and Worldways Children's Museum, an international children's cultural museum, are also in Kirkwood.
The Delmar Loop, in University City, just west of the St. The Delmar Loop is an eclectic entertainment cultural and restaurant district located in St University City is a city in St Louis County, Missouri, United States. Louis city line, is a popular entertainment, cultural, and restaurant district. This was named one of the top ten most famous streets in the country in 2007. Recently the Delmar loop is developing east into the city proper. Such things as Pin-up Bowl, The Pageant, and many restaurants have decided to locate in the City of St. Louis.
Grant's Farm is a historic farm located in South St. Grant's Farm is a historic Farm in St Louis Missouri, and was once owned by Ulysses S Louis County, and was once owned by Ulysses S. Grant. Ulysses S Grant, born Hiram Ulysses Grant (April 27 1822 &ndash July 23 1885 was an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States The Farm is now owned by the Busch family, who also own Anheuser-Busch brewing company. The Farm is free and open to the general public every summer.
The St. Louis International Film Festival runs for 11 days in November every year and is one of the top regional film festivals in the United States.
Six Flags St. Louis, known as "Six Flags over Mid-America" when it opened in June 1971, is an amusement park in Eureka, Missouri, in far west St. Louis County. Six Flags St Louis (formerly known as Six Flags over Mid-America, initialized sfstl) is an Amusement park owned by Six Flags, Inc Theme park is the generic term for a collection of rides and other Entertainment attractions assembled for the purpose of entertaining a large group Eureka is a city located in St Louis County Missouri, United States, between St Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee St Louis County is a County located in the US state of Missouri. It is one of the original Six Flags. Six Flags Inc (commonly Six Flags) is one of the world's largest chains of Amusement parks and Theme parks, based on quantity of properties
Saint Charles is the seat of St. Charles County and first capital of the state of Missouri. St Charles ( French: "Saint-Charles" Spanish: "San Carlos" is a city in and the county seat of St A county seat is a term for an Administrative center for a County, primarily used in the United States. St Charles County is a County located in the US state of Missouri. Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee
Cahokia Mounds, located eight miles (13 km) east of St. Louis near Collinsville, Illinois, holds the ruins of a city of the ancient Mississippian aboriginal culture. Collinsville is a city located mainly in Madison County, and partially in St The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. The Mississippian culture was a mound-building Native American culture that flourished in what is now the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern Similar mounds within St. Louis, used as construction fill in the 1800s, gave the city one of its nicknames, "Mound City".
Alton, Illinois is a northern suburb with wineries, antique shops, golf courses, and bed and breakfasts. Alton is a city in Madison County, Illinois, United States, about 15 miles north of St
Entertainment and performing arts
- See also: :Category:St. Louis music
St. Louis is home to the world-renowned Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra which was founded in 1880 and is the second oldest orchestra in the nation. The Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra ( SLSO) an American Symphony orchestra based in St The orchestra has received six Grammy Awards and fifty-six nominations. The Grammy Awards (originally called the Gramophone Awards)—or Grammys —are presented annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences [18] The Historic Powell Symphony Hall on North Grand Boulevard has been the permanent home of the Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra since 1968. Powell Symphony Hall is the home of the Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra. Leonard Slatkin, largely credited with building the orchestra's international prominence during his 17-year tenure as Music Director, is Conductor Laureate. WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Leonard Edward Slatkin (born September 1 1944 is an American The current Music Director of the orchestra is David Robertson. WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> David Robertson (born 19 July 1958) is an American
The Opera Theatre of Saint Louis is an annual summer festival of opera performed in English, originally co-founded by Richard Gaddes in 1976. A nightclub (or "night club" or "club" is a drinking, dancing, and entertainment venue which does its primary business after dark Opera Theatre of Saint Louis (OTSL is a summer opera festival held in St Richard Gaddes (born 23 May 1942 is an English-born Opera company administrator based in the United States Union Avenue Opera, formed in the early 1990s, is a smaller company that performs opera in their original languages. Union Avenue Opera Theatre (recently renamed Union Avenue Opera) is an Opera company based in St Other classical music groups of note include the Arianna String Quartet[19], the quartet-in-residence at the University of Missouri–St. Louis, the Saint Louis Chamber Chorus[20], and the Young Catholic Musicians, a group for young choir and band members made up of kids from over 60 parishes all over Saint Louis. The University of Missouri–St Louis ( UMSL, pronounced "uhm-suhl" is one of four universities in the University of Missouri System.
St. Louis has long been associated with great ragtime, jazz and blues music. Ragtime (alternately spelled Rag-time) is an American musical genre which enjoyed its peak popularity between 1897 and 1918 Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States The Blues is a vocal and instrumental form of Music based on the use of the Blue notes It emerged as an accessible form of self-expression Early rock and roll singer/guitarist Chuck Berry is a native St. Rock and roll (also known as rock 'n' roll) is a form of Music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s with roots in mostly African Charles Edward Anderson "Chuck" Berry (born October 18 1926 in St Louisan and continues to perform there several times a year. Soul music artists Ike Turner and Tina Turner and jazz innovator Miles Davis began their careers in nearby East St. Louis, Illinois. Soul music is a Music genre that combines Rhythm and blues and Gospel music, originating in the United States. Ike Wister Turner ( November 5 1931 &ndash December 12 2007) was an American Musician, Bandleader, Tina Turner (born Anna Mae Bullock; November 26, 1939) is an eight time Grammy Award -winning American Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Miles Dewey Davis III (May 26 1926 &ndash September 28 1991 was an American Jazz Trumpeter, Bandleader, and Composer. East St Louis is a city located in St Clair County Illinois, USA directly across the Mississippi River from St St. Louis has also been a popular stop along the infamous Chitlin Circuit. The " chitlin' circuit " was the collective name given to the string of performance venues throughout the eastern and southern United States that were safe and acceptable
Popular music and entertainment in St. Louis peaked in the 1950s and 60s due to the popularity of Gaslight Square, a thriving local nightclub district that attracted nationally known musicians and performers. Geography Gaslight Square in Saint Louis Missouri flourished from 1953-1972 This area was all but extinct by the early 1970s and today is the site of a new housing development[21].
St. Louis is also the home to successful modern musical artists, including Living Things, Sheryl Crow, Gravity Kills, Story of the Year, Modern Day Zero, Stir, Strawfoot, Greenwheel, Ludo, 7 Shot Screamers, MU330 Lye and The Urge. Living Things are an American rock band based in St Louis Missouri featuring brothers Lillian Eve and Bosh Berlin and their friend Cory Becker Sheryl Suzanne Crow (born February 11, 1962) is an American Singer-songwriter and Musician. Gravity Kills was an American Industrial rock band from Jefferson City Missouri. Story of the Year (also known as Story or SOTY) is a Post-hardcore band based in America. Modern Day Zero is a Hard rock band based in St Louis Missouri. Stir is a St Louis Missouri musical group History Formation and major label signing Stir was founded in 1994 as a three piece band Strawfoot is a seven piece alt-country / Gothic Americana band from St Greenwheel is an American Alternative metal band formed by friends Ryan Jordan, Brandon Armstrong, Andrew Dwiggins, Douglas Ludo is an Alternative rock band from St Louis Missouri. They are signed to a multi-album deal with Island Records. The 7 Shot Screamers is an American Psychobilly / Glam rock band that resides in St MU330 (pronounced "em-you-three-thirty" or "muso" as in musically aware is a Ska punk band formed in 1988 in St Lye is a Corrosive alkaline substance commonly Sodium hydroxide (NaOH The Urge is also the title of an album by bassist Stuart Hamm. In the 1990s, the metro area produced several prominent alt-country artists, including Uncle Tupelo — a Belleville, Illinois trio often considered the originators of the style, whose members went on to found Wilco and Son Volt in 1994 — and The Bottle Rockets. Alternative country is a term used to describe a number of Country music subgenres that tend to differ from mainstream or pop country music Uncle Tupelo was an Alternative country music group from Belleville, Illinois, active between 1987 and 1994 Belleville is a city in St Clair County, Illinois, United States. Wilco is an American rock band based in Chicago, Illinois. The band was formed in 1994 by the remaining members of Alternative country group Son Volt is an Alternative country group formed by Jay Farrar in 1994 after the breakup of the band Uncle Tupelo. The Bottle Rockets is a Saint Louis based rock band formed in 1992 As of 2007 the alt-country scene has celebrated a resurgence, producing a burgeoning St. Alternative country is a term used to describe a number of Country music subgenres that tend to differ from mainstream or pop country music Louis Twang Scene, consisting of bands, burlesque dancers and roller derby queens. It is also home to local record label Big Muddy Records. Rap and hip-hop artists include Nelly, The Saint Lunatics, Ali, Murphy Lee, Chingy, Huey, Ebony Eyez, J-Kwon, Jibbs, and others. Rapping (also known as emceeing, MCing, spitting, or just rhyming) is the Rhythmic spoken delivery of Rhymes wordplay and Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Cornell Haynes Jr (born November 2 1974 Highly successful Nelly has sold over 20 million records in the United States The St Lunatics are a rap crew from St Louis Missouri formed by rapper Nelly and his hometown friends Ali, Murphy Lee, Ali (born Ali Jones on July 13, 1972) is a American Hip-Hop artist Torhi Murphy Lee Harper (born December 18, 1982) better known by his Stage name Murphy Lee, is and American Rapper Howard Bailey Jr (born March 9, 1980) better known by his Stage name Chingy, is an American Hip-Hop Recording artist Lawrence Franks better known by his Stage name Huey or Baby Huey is an American rapper Jerrell Jones better known by his Stage name J-Kwon, is a Rapper from St Jovan Campbell (born November 13 1990 better known by his Stage name Jibbs, is an American rapper. Around 2005 the indie rock scene in St. Indie rock is genre of Alternative rock that primarily exists in the independent Underground music scene Louis really began to develop with bands So Many Dynamos, Jumbling Towers, Gentleman Auction House, and Victoria emerging and garnering national recognition. So Many Dynamos is a Rock band from Edwardsville, Illinois, a city in the metro-east St
The theater district of St. Louis is in midtown, which is undergoing a major redevelopment and building boom. This district of the city is known as Grand Center, St. Louis. Grand Center, located just north of the Saint Louis University campus bills itself as the arts district of St The phrase can refer to the district itself (which is located within Midtown), or to the not-for-profit agency, Grand Center, Inc. (GCI), which possesses certain quasi-governmental powers and administers arts and urban-renewal programs in the area. The district includes the Fox Theatre, one of the largest live Broadway theaters in the United States, the Powell Symphony Hall, home of the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra, the Saint Louis University Museum of Art, the Museum of Contemporary Religious Art, The Sun Theater (under redevelopment), The St Louis Black Repertory Theater Company[22], the Contemporary Art Museum Saint Louis, the Pulitzer Foundation for the Arts[23], the Sheldon Concert Hall, the Grandel Theatre and many others. The Fox Theatre is one of the most famous theaters in St Louis, Missouri. Powell Symphony Hall is the home of the Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra. The Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra ( SLSO) an American Symphony orchestra based in St The Contemporary Art Museum St Louis is the leading venue for Contemporary art in the St The Pulitzer Foundation for the Arts in St Louis Missouri opened in 2001 with a building designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect The Sheldon Concert Hall in St Louis Missouri was designed by noted 1904 World’s Fair architect Louis C
The Muny (short for "The Municipal Opera Association of St. The Muny, short for The Municipal Opera Association of St Louis, is an outdoor musical Amphitheatre, located in Forest Park, St Louis") is located in Forest Park. Forest Park in St Louis Missouri, opened in 1876 and the former site of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition of 1904 (better known as "The World's Seating capacity for every performance is over 13,000 people with 1500 free seats. The Muny has completed its eighty-ninth annual season for the summer of 2007 with the production of Les Misérables. Les Misérables (pronounced /le miːzeʁabl(ə translated variously from French as The Miserable Ones, The Wretched The theater is influential with Actors' Equity Association. Template talkInfobox Union for usage --> The Actors' Equity Association (AEA commonly referred to as Actors' Equity
St. Louis is home to over 81 theatre and dance companies and one of the largest theatrical production companies in the U. S. A. known as The Fox Associates[24]. Fox Associates, L. L. C. , was formed in 1981 to purchase, renovate and operate the 4,500-seat Fox Theatre in St. Louis, Missouri. The Fox, which had once been at the center of the St. Louis "movie" theater district[25], had been closed since 1978 and was in need of both a major restoration and new entertainment programming to elevate it once again to its rightful position as the major venue for entertainment in St. Louis. The restoration was completed and in 1982 the Fox reopened as a major entertainment venue for Broadway productions, country stars and rock, pop and jazz artists. It has since become one of the highest grossing theatres in the country. Today, The Fox Associates group has helped produce some of Broadway's biggest hit musicals and has been influential in St. Louis' theater productions.
Parks and outdoor attractions
The city operates 105 parks that serve as gathering spots for neighbors to meet, and contains playgrounds, areas for summer concerts, picnics, baseball games, tennis courts, and lakes. A concert is a live Performance, usually of Music, before an Audience. Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each Tennis is a sport played between two players ( singles) or between two teams of two players each ( doubles)
Forest Park, located on the western edge of the central corridor of the City of St. Forest Park in St Louis Missouri, opened in 1876 and the former site of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition of 1904 (better known as "The World's Louis, is one of the largest urban parks in the world, out sizing Central Park in New York City by 500 acres (2 km²). Central Park is a large public Urban park in New York City, with about twenty-five million visitors annually The City of New York It offers many of St. Louis's most popular attractions: the Saint Louis Zoological Park, the Municipal Theater (also known as The Muny, the largest and oldest outdoor musical theater in the United States), the St. Louis Science Center (with its architecturally distinctive McDonnell Planetarium), the Saint Louis Art Museum, the Missouri History Museum, several lakes, and scenic, open areas. The Saint Louis Zoological Park is a Zoo in Forest Park in St The Muny, short for The Municipal Opera Association of St Louis, is an outdoor musical Amphitheatre, located in Forest Park, St The St Louis Science Center is a Science museum with its facilities in St The St Louis Science Center is a Science museum with its facilities in St Apotheosis-of-saint-louisjpg|thumb|float|right|200px|This stature "The Apotheosis of St The Missouri History Museum is located in St Louis, Missouri in Forest Park. Forest Park completed a multi-million dollar renovation in 2004 for the centennial of the St. Louis World's Fair. The Louisiana Purchase Exposition, informally known as the Saint Louis World's Fair, was an international exposition held in St The Zoo, Art Museum, and Science Center are all world-class institutions. The Zoo-Museum Tax District provides them operating funds, so general admission to them, as well as to the History Museum, is free.
The Missouri Botanical Garden, also known as Shaw's Garden, is one of the world's leading botanical research centers. The Missouri Botanical Garden is a Botanical garden located in St Botany, plant science(s, phytology, or plant biology is a branch of Biology and is the scientific study of plant Life It possesses a beautiful collection of flowering plants, shrubs, and trees, and includes the Japanese Garden, which features a lake filled with koi and gravel designs; the woodsy English Garden; the Kemper Home Gardening Center; a rose garden; the Climatron; a children's garden and playground; and many other scenic gardens. A tree is a perennial Woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or (kɔɪ or more specifically (niɕikigoi literally " brocaded carp" are ornamental domesticated varieties of the Common carp Cyprinus carpio. A geodesic dome is an almost spherical shell structure based on a network of Great circles ( Geodesics lying approximately on the surface of a Sphere Immediately south of the Missouri Botanical Garden is Tower Grove Park, a gift to the City by Henry Shaw. Tower Grove Park is a Municipal park built on land most of which was given as a gift to the City of Saint Louis by Henry Shaw in 1868 Henry Shaw, ( July 24, 1800 in Sheffield, England – August 25, 1889 in St Tower Grove Park is one of the oldest "walking" parks in the United States, and hosts annual outdoor concerts free to the public.
The Jefferson National Expansion Memorial is a 90. The Jefferson National Expansion Memorial is located in St Louis Missouri near 96 acre national park located on the downtown riverfront where the city was first founded in 1764, and commemorates the westward growth of the United States between 1803 and 1890. The centerpiece of the park is the stainless steel Gateway Arch, which is the most recognizable structure in the city. The Jefferson National Expansion Memorial is located in St Louis Missouri near It was designed by noted architect Eero Saarinen and completed on October 28, 1965. Eero Saarinen (eːro saːrinen (August 20 1910 Kirkkonummi, Finland – September 1 1961 Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States) was Events 306 - Maxentius is proclaimed Roman Emperor. 312 - Battle of Milvian Bridge: Constantine Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. At 630 feet (192 m), it is the tallest man-made monument in the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Located below the Arch is the Museum of Westward Expansion, which contains an extensive collection of artifacts and details the story of the thousands of people who lived in and settled the American West during the nineteenth century. Nearby and also part of the memorial is the historic Old Courthouse, one of the oldest standing buildings in St. Louis. Begun in 1839, it was here that the first two trials of the Dred Scott case were held in 1847 and 1850. Dred Scott v Sandford —whether or not they were slaves—could never be Citizens of the United States, and that the United States Congress This park is also the location of the annual July 4 festival, Fair Saint Louis. In the United States, Independence Day, commonly known as the Fourth of July (or the Fourth) is a Federal holiday commemorating the adoption Established in 1878 and reconstituted in 1981 Fair St Louis is an annual festival held during the July 4 holiday in downtown St
Sports
| Team | Sport | League | Established | Venue | Championships |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| St. Louis Blues | Hockey | National Hockey League-Western Conference | 1967 | Scottrade Center | 0 |
| St. Louis Cardinals | Baseball | Major League Baseball-National League | 1892 | Busch Stadium | 10 |
| St. Louis Rams | Football | National Football League : NFC | 1936(1995 for STL) | Edward Jones Dome | 1 |
| River City Rascals | Baseball | Frontier League | 1999 | T.R. Hughes Ballpark | 1 (As Zanesville Greys) |
| Gateway Grizzlies | Baseball | Frontier League | 2001 | GCS Ballpark | 1 |
| St. Louis Stunners | Basketball | American Basketball Association | 2006 | TBA | |
| River City Rage | Indoor Football | United Indoor Football | 2001 | Family Arena | |
| St. Louis Bandits | Hockey | North American Hockey League | 2003 (STL since 2006) | Hardee's Iceplex | 2 |
| St. Louis Aces | Tennis | World TeamTennis Pro League | 1994 | Dwight Davis Memorial Tennis Center | |
| Arch Rival Rollergirls | Roller Derby | WFTDA | 2005 | All American Sports Mall | |
| St. Louis Hurling Club | Hurling | North American County Board (NACB) | 2002 | Tower Grove Park Kennedy Field Forest Park | |
| St. The St Louis Blues are a professional Ice hockey team based in St Hockey is any of a family of Sports in which two teams compete by trying to maneuver a Ball, or a hard round rubber or heavy plastic disc called a puck The National Hockey League ( NHL) is a professional Ice hockey league composed of 30 teams in North America Scottrade Center (formerly Kiel Center and Savvis Center) is a 19150 seat Arena located in downtown St The St Louis Cardinals (also referred to as "the Cards " or "the Redbirds " are a professional Baseball team based in St Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs, or simply the National League ( NL) is the older of two leagues constituting Major League Baseball Busch Stadium (also referred to informally as " New Busch Stadium " or " Busch Stadium III " is the home of the St The St Louis Rams are a professional American football team based in St American football, known in the United States and Canada simply as football, is a competitive Team sport known for mixing strategy with The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. The National Football Conference ( NFC) is one of the two conferences of the National Football League (NFL The Edward Jones Dome (more formally known as the Edward Jones Dome at America's Center) and previously known as The Trans World Airlines Dome or TWA Dome The River City Rascals are a professional baseball team based in O'Fallon Missouri, in the United States. Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each The Frontier League, based in Troy Illinois, is a professional independent baseball organization located in the Midwestern United States and TR Hughes Ballpark is a Stadium in O'Fallon Missouri. It is primarily used for Baseball, and is the home field of the River City Rascals The Gateway Grizzlies are a professional baseball team based in the St Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each The Frontier League, based in Troy Illinois, is a professional independent baseball organization located in the Midwestern United States and GCS Ballpark is a Minor league baseball facility in Sauget Illinois (a suburb of St The St Louis Stunners are an American Basketball Association team founded in St Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m This article discusses indoor variations of American football for indoor versions of association football (soccer see Futsal and Indoor soccer and for the United Indoor Football was an Indoor football league that started in 2005 The Family Arena is a multi-purpose Arena in St Charles Missouri, built in 1999 The St Louis Bandits are a Tier II Junior A Ice hockey team in the North American Hockey League's Northern division Hockey is any of a family of Sports in which two teams compete by trying to maneuver a Ball, or a hard round rubber or heavy plastic disc called a puck see also North American Hockey League (1973–1977 The North American Hockey League (NAHL and the defunct America West Hockey League Background Hardee's IcePlex, is a 2200-seat multi-purpose Arena in Chesterfield Missouri. The St Louis Aces are a Professional Tennis team in the city of St Tennis is a sport played between two players ( singles) or between two teams of two players each ( doubles) World TeamTennis is a league of team Tennis in the United States. Dwight Davis Tennis Center is a public tennis facility in Forest Park, St The Arch Rival Roller Girls or ARRG is a women's flat-track Roller derby league in St Roller derby is an American -invented contact Sport —and historically a form of Sports entertainment —based on formation Roller skating The St Louis Gaelic Athletic Club (STLGAC was founded in the Summer of 2002 on the south side of Tower Grove Park by three former Milwaukee Hurling Club mates Paul C Hurling (in Irish, iománaíocht or iomáint) is an outdoor team Sport of ancient Gaelic origin administered by the Gaelic Tower Grove Park is a Municipal park built on land most of which was given as a gift to the City of Saint Louis by Henry Shaw in 1868 Louis Sabres Women's Rugby Club | Rugby | USA Rugby | 1976 | Forest Park |
Enthusiastic and knowledgeable fans give the city a reputation as "a top-notch sports town" and "Baseball City USA. Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short USA Rugby is the national governing body for the sport of Rugby union in the United States of America. " The Sporting News rated St. Sporting News (previously The Sporting News, and known colloquially as TSN) is an American -based Sports Louis the nation's "Best Sports City" in 2000. [26] The St. Louis Cardinals, one of the oldest franchises in Major League Baseball, have won 10 World Championships, second only to the New York Yankees. The St Louis Cardinals (also referred to as "the Cards " or "the Redbirds " are a professional Baseball team based in St The New York Yankees are a professional baseball team based in the borough of The Bronx, in New York City, New York. [27]
The city of St. Louis has earned 12 professional sports championships. The St. Louis Cardinals have won 10 World Series Championships, with one of the championships played against the old cross-city rival St. Louis Browns in 1944. The St Louis Cardinals (also referred to as "the Cards " or "the Redbirds " are a professional Baseball team based in St For other events named "World Series" see World Series (disambiguation. The Baltimore Orioles are a professional baseball team based in Baltimore, Maryland. The St. Louis Rams have won one Super Bowl Championship (Super Bowl XXXIV in January 2000), and the St. Louis Hawks (who later moved to Atlanta) gave the city its lone NBA Championship (1958). The St Louis Rams are a professional American football team based in St professional American football, the Super Bowl is the Championship game of the National Football League (NFL Athletics For an extensive coverage see 2000 in athletics (track and field Marathon International The Atlanta Hawks are an American professional Basketball team based in Atlanta Georgia. The 1957–58 NBA Season was the 12th season of the National Basketball Association. On top of that, the St. Louis Blues hold the record for most consecutive playoff appearances in all sports with 26 straight, (1980-81 to 2005-06). The St Louis Blues are a professional Ice hockey team based in St Despite never winning the Stanley Cup, they have made 3 trips to the finals (1968-1970). The Stanley Cup (La Coupe Stanley is an Ice hockey club championship Trophy, awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL playoffs champion
St. Louis was also home to three prominent twentieth-century boxers, Henry Armstrong, and brothers Leon and Michael Spinks. Boxing (sometimes also known as English boxing or pugilism) is a Combat sport in which two participants generally of similar weight, Henry Jackson Jr ( December 12, 1912 - October 22, 1988) was a world Boxing champion who fought under the name Henry Armstrong Leon Spinks (born July 11 1953 in St Louis Missouri) is a former boxer. Michael Spinks (born July 13, 1956) a native of St Louis, Missouri, is a former boxer who was champion in both the Light heavyweight The two are the only brothers in boxing history to have both captured the Heavyweight boxing title. Leon's son Cory Spinks has also held a world title. Cory Spinks (born Cory Calvin February 20, 1978 in St Louis Missouri, U
St. Louis has long had a reputation as being one of America's soccer hotbeds, and is home to what is arguably the richest soccer history in the nation. In addition to being the former home of several professional teams, including the St. Louis Stars of the NASL, St. The St Louis Stars were a Soccer team based out of St Louis Missouri that played in the original NASL from 1967 to 1977. North American Soccer League (NASL was a professional soccer League with teams in the United States of America (U Louis has a strong tradition of prep and select soccer, which is followed very closely by many people in the city. It has been suggested that prep soccer in St. Louis enjoys a similar following to prep hockey in Minnesota. The St. Louis University men's soccer team has made 16 NCAA Final Four appearances, and has won 10 national championships. Saint Louis University (also known as SLU) is a private co-educational Jesuit University in the United States of America located in The National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA, often pronounced "N-C-Double-A" is a voluntary association of about 1200 institutions conferences organizations The team consistently ranks in the Top 10 of all Division I soccer teams in attendance. Of most pride to many St. Louisans was the 1950 World Cup team, which defeated England 1-0, in what is perhaps the greatest upset in World Cup history. The 1950 FIFA World Cup, held in Brazil from June 24 to July 16, was the fourth staging of the World Cup and the first staged in 12 years due to World The FIFA World Cup, occasionally called the Football World Cup, but usually referred to simply as the World Cup, is an international Association football Five of the eleven players on the team were from St. Louis, many from the historically Italian neighborhood known as The Hill. The Hill is a mostly Italian-American neighborhood within St Louis Missouri, located on high ground south of Forest Park. This event was chronicled in the 2005 film "The Miracle Match". The Miracle Match is a 2005 Drama film, directed by David Anspaugh. Certainly noteworthy is that fact that every U. S. World Cup team in history has included at least one St. Louisan on its roster, and there have been 20 St. Louisans elected into the National Soccer Hall of Fame. The National Soccer Hall of Fame and Museum is a Hall of fame in Oneonta New York which honors the achievements of Soccer in the United States St. Louis is currently without a Major League Soccer team, but is considered a leading candidate for expansion in 2009. Major League Soccer ( MLS) is the top-flight professional Soccer league in the United States and Canada with 14 teams 13 in the U Several current American soccer stars including Taylor Twellman, Steve Ralston, Matt Pickens, Chris Klein, Brad Davis, Mike Sorber, and Pat Noonan, all hail from St. Taylor Timothy Twellman (born February 29, 1980 in Minneapolis, Minnesota) is a U Steve Ralston (born June 14, 1974 in Oakville, Missouri) is an American Soccer player who currently plays right Midfield Matt Pickens (born April 5, 1982 in Washington, Missouri) is an American football (soccer player who most recently played as Chris Klein (born January 4 1976 in St Louis, Missouri) is an American Soccer player who currently plays right fullback or right midfielder Bradley Joseph (Brad Davis (born November 8, 1981 in St Charles, Missouri) is an American Soccer player who currently plays Mike "Sorbs" Sorber (born May 14, 1971 in Florissant, Missouri) is a retired American Soccer Defensive midfielder Pat Noonan (born August 2, 1980 in Ballwin, Missouri) is an American Soccer player who currently plays Striker Louis.
Professional Wrestling also has firm roots in St. Professional wrestling, or pro wrestling, is a non-competitive professional Sport, where all matches are scripted by the promotion's booking staff Louis. Essentially, three men combined to make the Mound City not only the "Gateway to the West," but the unofficial capital of professional wrestling. The three men were Tom Packs, Sam Muchnick, and Lou Thesz. Tom Packs (1894-1964 was among the preeminent Professional wrestling promoters during the first half of the 20th century Sam Muchnick ( August 22, 1905 - December 30, 1998) was an American Professional wrestling promoter from St Aloysius Martin Thesz ( April 24 1916 - April 28 2002) also known as The Great One, was a professional wrestler and Wrestling at the Chase was a popular weekly event for hundreds of thousands of fans for several decades, both live and on television. Wrestling at the Chase was a Professional wrestling television series that aired in St St. Louis is also home to former World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE)Champion and former World Hevyweight Champion Randy Orton. World Wrestling Entertainment Inc ( WWE) is a publicly traded privately controlled integrated media (focusing in Television, Internet, Randal "Randy" Keith Orton (born on April 1 1980 Before being promoted to the main WWE roster Orton trained in and wrestled for Mid-Missouri Wrestling Association-Southern In 2006, the College Cup was played at Hermann Stadium on the campus of Saint Louis University. The NCAA began conducting a men's soccer national championship tournament in 1959 with an eight-team tournament Hermann Stadium, or fully Robert R Hermann Stadium is located in Midtown St Saint Louis University (also known as SLU) is a private co-educational Jesuit University in the United States of America located in The Scottrade Center hosted the 2007 Frozen Four college ice hockey tournament on April 5 and April 7, 2007. Scottrade Center (formerly Kiel Center and Savvis Center) is a 19150 seat Arena located in downtown St The annual NCAA Men's Ice Hockey Championship tournament determines the top Ice hockey team in the NCAA Division I, Division II, and Division Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The Scottrade Center also hosts the annual "Braggin' Rights" game, a men's college basketball rivalry game between the universities of Illinois and Missouri. Braggin' Rights (known for sponsorship reasons as Busch Braggin' Rights) is the annual men's College This article is about the flagship campus For other uses and locations of University of Illinois, see University of Illinois (disambiguation The University of The University of Missouri (also known as the University of Missouri–Columbia, Mizzou, or MU) is a public land-grant and research St. Louis is roughly equidistant from the two campuses.
In March 2005, the Edward Jones Dome in St. The Edward Jones Dome (more formally known as the Edward Jones Dome at America's Center) and previously known as The Trans World Airlines Dome or TWA Dome Louis hosted the final two rounds of the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship, also known as the Final Four. The NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship is a single elimination Tournament held each spring featuring 65 College basketball teams in the In April 2009, the Edward Jones Dome will host the NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship Final Four. The NCAA Women's Division I Championship is an annual Basketball tournament for women Gateway International Raceway hosts NHRA Drag Racing and NASCAR racing events 5 miles (8 km) east of the city in Madison, Illinois. Gateway International Raceway is a race track in Madison Illinois, USA just minutes from Downtown St "NHRA" redirects here For other uses see NHRA (disambiguation. The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing ( NASCAR) is the largest sanctioning body of Stock cars in the United States. Madison is a city in Madison County and partially in St Clair County, Illinois, United States.
There are also several minor league teams in the area. The Gateway Grizzlies (Minor League Baseball) of the Frontier League, which plays at GCS Ballpark across the river in Sauget, Illinois. The Gateway Grizzlies are a professional baseball team based in the St Part of the History of baseball series Minor league baseball is a hierarchy of Professional baseball leagues in North The Frontier League, based in Troy Illinois, is a professional independent baseball organization located in the Midwestern United States and GCS Ballpark is a Minor league baseball facility in Sauget Illinois (a suburb of St Sauget is a village in St Clair County, Illinois, United States. The River City Rascals (Minor League Baseball) also of the Frontier League, play at T. The River City Rascals are a professional baseball team based in O'Fallon Missouri, in the United States. Part of the History of baseball series Minor league baseball is a hierarchy of Professional baseball leagues in North The Frontier League, based in Troy Illinois, is a professional independent baseball organization located in the Midwestern United States and R. Hughes Stadium in nearby O'Fallon, Missouri. O'Fallon ( is a suburban city along Interstate 70 between Lake St The Missouri River Otters (United Hockey League) have now folded; they used to play at Family Arena in St. Charles, Missouri. The now defunct Missouri River Otters were a minor pro team in the United Hockey League from 1999 to 2006 The International Hockey League is a mid-level Professional Ice hockey league with teams in the United States. The Family Arena is a multi-purpose Arena in St Charles Missouri, built in 1999 St Charles ( French: "Saint-Charles" Spanish: "San Carlos" is a city in and the county seat of St The River City Rage are an Arena Football team that play in United Indoor Football at Family Arena. This article is about the sport of Arena Football See Arena Football (video game for the EA Sports Video game of the same name United Indoor Football was an Indoor football league that started in 2005 The Family Arena is a multi-purpose Arena in St Charles Missouri, built in 1999 The St. Louis Stunners are a basketball team that play in the newly reincarnated American Basketball Association. The St Louis Stunners are an American Basketball Association team founded in St Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m
St. Louis is also one of the few cities in the country that plays host to local Corkball leagues. Corkball is a "mini-baseball" game featuring a 1. 6 oz. ball and bat with a barrel that measures just 1. 5". Corkball is St. Louis's classic baseball game. Originally played on the streets and alleys of St. Louis in the early 1900s, today the game has leagues formed around the country as a result of St. Louis servicemen introducing the game to their buddies during World War II and the Korean conflict. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korean and South Korean regimes with major hostilities lasting from June 25 1950 until the It has many of the features of baseball, yet can be played in a very small area because there is no base-running.
On September 11, 2007, officials announced plans for St. Events 9 - The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Louis council to build a soccer-specific stadium in Collinsville, which would have paved the way for a St. Collinsville is a city located mainly in Madison County, and partially in St Louis team to enter Major League Soccer in 2009 as the 16th team; however, MLS decided to award the 16th franchise to Philadelphia instead. Major League Soccer ( MLS) is the top-flight professional Soccer league in the United States and Canada with 14 teams 13 in the U Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə
Media
The St. Louis Post-Dispatch is the region's major daily newspaper. The St Louis Post-Dispatch is the only major city-wide Newspaper in St A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. Founded by Joseph Pulitzer in the 1800s, the paper was owned by Pulitzer, Inc. until 2005, when the company was acquired by Lee Enterprises. Joseph Pulitzer ( English pronunciation PULL-itser; April 10, 1847 He sought a military career but was turned down by the Founded by yellow-journalist Joseph Pulitzer (who also funded the Pulitzer Prizes, which are not affiliated with the company Pulitzer Inc Lee Enterprises ( is a publicly traded American media company The company also owns the Suburban Journals, a collection of community newspapers that serve many St. Suburban Journals is a group of 40 publications in the St Louis region owned by Lee Enterprises. Louis neighborhoods in addition to numerous suburban cities.
The St. Louis Business Journal, published weekly on Fridays, covers the region's business news.
In 1900, St. Louis had at least five daily newspapers: the St. Louis Globe-Democrat and the St. The St Louis Globe-Democrat (casually referred to as The Globe) was a daily newspaper based in St Louis Republic in the morning, and the Post-Dispatch and Star-Chronicle in the afternoon, as well as the German-language Westliche Post. One by one, these papers, already consolidated as evidenced by the hyphenated names, folded or further consolidated. The Post-Dispatch bought out its last remaining afternoon competitor, the Star-Times, in 1951. Until the mid-1980s, the morning Globe-Democrat, which was editorially more conservative than the Post-Dispatch, served as the Post's main rival. Although the Post-Dispatch and the Globe-Democrat began a joint operating agreement in the late 1970s, the Globe-Democrat folded shortly after the Post-Dispatch switched from afternoon to morning publication. The Newspaper Preservation Act of 1970 was an Act of the United States Congress, signed by President Richard Nixon, that authorized the formation An attempt to revive the Globe-Democrat as an independent paper went bankrupt, and a separate attempt to start a new evening paper in 1989, the St. Louis Sun, failed in less than a year.
The city's main weekly newspapers are the various neighborhood papers which together form the "Suburban Journals" and the primary alternative weekly publication is the Riverfront Times. Three weeklies – the St. Louis Argus (est. St Louis Argus is an African American -oriented weekly Newspaper founded in 1912 by brothers J 1912), St. Louis American (est. The St Louis American is a weekly newspaper serving the African-American community of St 1928), and St. Louis Sentinel (est. St Louis Sentinel is an African American -oriented weekly newspaper founded in 1968 by Howard B 1968) – serve the African-American community. A variety of glossy monthly and quarterly publications, including St. Louis Magazine, cover topics such as local history, cuisine, and lifestyles. St. Louis is also home to the nation's last remaining metropolitan journalism review, the St. Louis Journalism Review, based at Webster University in the suburb of Webster Groves. Webster University is an American Private university in Webster Groves, a suburb of St Webster Groves is a city in St Louis County, Missouri, United States.
The St. Louis metro area is served by a wide variety of local television stations, and is the 21st largest designated market area (DMA) in the U. A media market, broadcast market, media region, designated market area, DMA or simply market is a region where the Population S. , with 1,522,380 homes (1. 51% of the total U. S. ). The major network television affiliates are KTVI 2 (FOX), KMOV 4 (CBS), KSDK 5 (NBC), KETC 9 (PBS), KPLR 11 (CW), KDNL 30 (ABC), and WRBU 46 (MNTV). KTVI is the Fox -affiliated Television station in St Louis Missouri. KMOV is a CBS -affiliated television station operating on channel 4 in St CBS Broadcasting Inc ( CBS) is an American radio and Television network. KSDK, channel 5 is the NBC television affiliate in St Louis Missouri. The National Broadcasting Company ( NBC) is an American Television network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's KETC is the PBS member station in St Louis Missouri. The call letters KETC represent E ducational T elevision C ommission the organization The Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS) is a Non-profit Public broadcasting Television service with 354 member TV stations in the KPLR-TV, channel 11 is a television station in St Louis Missouri. The CW Television Network ( The CW) is a Television network in the United States launched at the beginning of the 2006-2007 television season. KDNL-TV, "ABC 30" is the ABC television affiliate in St The American Broadcasting Company ( ABC) is an American Television network. WRBU is the MyNetworkTV television affiliate for the St Louis Missouri area MyNetworkTV (unofficially abbreviated MyNet or MNT) is a Television network in the United States, owned by the Fox Broadcasting Company
The region's radio airwaves offer a variety of locally produced programming. KMOX (1120 AM), which pioneered the call-in talk radio format in 1960, retains significant regional influence due to its 50,000-watt, clear-channel signal and an unusually active newsroom operation. KMOX (1120 AM, "News/Talk 1120" is an Radio station broadcasting from St The watt (symbol W) is the SI derived unit of power, equal to one Joule of energy per Second. The term is also used in the context of T1 A clear channel, in its general sense is a communications channel, such as a radio Public radio station KWMU (90. Public broadcasting refers to radio television and other electronic media outlets that receive some or all of their funding from the public KWMU (907 FM is a radio station in St Louis Missouri that is affiliated with National Public Radio. 7 FM), an NPR affiliate, also provides extensive, locally produced programming treating social issues, politics, and the arts. St. Louis is one of only a handful of U. S. cities to have its own independent community radio station, KDHX (88. Community radio is a type of Radio service that caters to the interests of a certain area broadcasting material that is popular to a local audience but is overlooked by more KDHX is a non-commercial listener-supported community Radio station in St 1 FM), which features a wide range of music and talk from local residents. Washington University in St. Louis' college radio station, KWUR (90. Campus radio (also known as college radio, university radio or student radio) is a type of Radio station that is run by the students of a college KWUR is a Radio station in St Louis Missouri located at 903 MHz FM. 3 FM), also provides community broadcasting and an eclectic mix of underground music, although with an effective radiated power of only ten watts, it is only heard on the campus and in the immediately adjacent neighborhoods. Underground music refers to a variety of post-1960s rock pop or dance subgenres that developed a Cult following despite their lack of Mainstream appeal visibility
Economy
Many well-known U. The economy of St Louis Missouri has a diversified variety of sectors, both historically and currently S. corporations make St. Louis their home. Beer commercials have made the city well known as the home of Anheuser-Busch Breweries. Anheuser-Busch Companies Inc ( (ˈænhаɪzər bʊʃ is the largest Brewing company in the United States with a 48 (Recent legislation has even proposed making Budweiser the official beer of the State of Missouri. [28]) Local brokerages Stifel Nicolaus and Edward Jones, as well as online brokerage firm Scottrade plus Wachovia Securities (formerly A. Stifel Nicolaus is the largest subsidiary of Stifel Financial Corp Edward D Jones & Co LP, since 1995 simplified as Edward Jones is a brokerage firm based out of St Scottrade is a privately owned discount Retail brokerage firm headquartered in St Wachovia Securities, located in St Louis Missouri, is the second largest brokerage firm in the United States as of October 1, 2007 with G. Edwards, merged into Wachovia Corporation) are major players on the national financial landscape. Wachovia Corporation ( based in Charlotte North Carolina, is a diversified Financial services holding company provided via its operating subsidiaries a broad It is also the site for the headquarters of Energizer, the battery company. Energizer Holdings ( headquartered in St Louis Missouri, is an American manufacturer of multiple consumer products including batteries, where it has a Neighboring suburbs host Monsanto, formerly a chemical company and now a leader in genetically modified crops, and Solutia, the former Monsanto chemical division that was spun off as a separate company in 1997. The Monsanto Company ( is a multinational Agricultural biotechnology Corporation. Genetic engineering, Recombinant DNA technology, genetic modification/manipulation (GM and gene splicing are terms that apply to the direct Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture Solutia Inc ( is a Chemical production company It was formed in 1997 as a Spin-off of Monsanto Company. Express Scripts, a pharmaceutical benefits management firm, has its corporate headquarters in the suburbs of St. Express Scripts ( began in 1986 in St Louis, as a result of a joint venture between a retail chain of more than 100 pharmacies and Sanus Corp Louis and recently announced plans to construct its new headquarters near the campus of the University of Missouri–St. Louis. The University of Missouri–St Louis ( UMSL, pronounced "uhm-suhl" is one of four universities in the University of Missouri System. Hardee's corporate headquarters lies in the metro area. Hardee's is an American Fast-food restaurant chain located mostly in the Midwest United States and Southeast regions Enterprise Rent-A-Car is headquartered in Clayton. The Enterprise Rent-A-Car Company is a privately held St Louis, Missouri -based rental car company serving customers in the U Clayton is the county seat of St Louis County Missouri, part of the Greater St Emerson Electric is headquartered in the north side of St. Emerson Electric Company ( NYSE: EMR is a major Multinational corporation headquartered in St Louis. Charter Communications, the nation's fourth largest broadband communications company, is also headquartered in suburban St. Charter Communications is an American company providing Cable television, High-speed Internet, and telephone services to more than 5 Louis. The corporate headquarters of Medicine Shoppe International a subsidiary Katz Group of Companies makes its home in the western suburbs. Katz Group of Companies operates over 1800 pharmacies in Canada and the United States. In addition, early in the 20th Century, St. Louis was home to brass era automobile maker Clymer. The automotive Brass Era is the first period of automotive manufacturing named for the prominent Brass Fittings used during this time for such things as lights and [29]
In recent years the corporate landscape has evolved, with several corporate pillars leaving the city. Mallinckrodt, headquartered in the St. Mallinckrodt Incorporated is a set of pharmaceutical chemical imaging and respiratory equipment suppliers based in the St Louis region for more than 130 years, was purchased by Tyco International in 2000, though most of the former Mallinckrodt facilities remain in operation as the new Tyco Mallinckrodt in the St. Tyco International Ltd is a highly diversified global manufacturing company incorporated in Bermuda, with United States operational headquarters in Princeton New Mallinckrodt Incorporated is a set of pharmaceutical chemical imaging and respiratory equipment suppliers based in the St Louis suburb of Hazelwood, Missouri. Hazelwood is a city in St Louis County, Missouri, United States. In the Retail industry The May Department Stores Company, which owned Famous-Barr as well as the legendary Marshall Field's, was purchased by Federated Department Stores in 2005. The May Department Stores Company was a national Department store chain in the United States, founded in 1877 by David May Famous-Barr, St Louis Missouri, was a division of Federated Department Stores. Marshall Field's ( Marshall Field & Company) was an iconic Chicago Illinois, Department store that grew to become a major chain before being acquired Macy's Inc ( formerly Federated Department Stores Inc, is a Department store Holding company and owner of Macy's and Bloomingdale's Federated now maintains its Midwest headquarters in St. Louis, known as "Macy’s Midwest" it operates 110 stores in nine states. Southwestern Bell Corporation (SBC), now AT&T, relocated to San Antonio, Texas in 1993 maintaining their Yellow Pages headquarters in St. Before proposing a merge request please see Talk and see if the merger you propose has recently been made and Before proposing a merge request please see Talk and see if the merger you propose has recently been made and Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. The term Yellow Pages refers to a Telephone directory of Businesses categorized according to the product or service provided Louis as well as its Southwest operations center in St. Louis. Ralston Purina, was acquired by the animal human-food maker Nestle, 2001 to make the world's largest food company and renamed the new subsidiary Purina. Nestlé Purina PetCare is the Pet food division of Swiss based Nestlé, following a merger in December 12 2001 between the Nestlé's Friskies Nestlé is a multinational packaged food company founded and headquartered in Vevey, Switzerland Many of the Ralston Purina divested business still remain in headquartered St. Louis including the aforementioned Energizer, Ralcorp, Protein Technologies Inc. Energizer Holdings ( headquartered in St Louis Missouri, is an American manufacturer of multiple consumer products including batteries, where it has a , and Solae. Solae may refer to Solae (tower, an elevator testing tower in Inazawa City Japan The Solae Company St. Louis remains home to railway car plants; two DaimlerChrysler plants in the nearby suburb of Fenton, where minivans and pickup trucks are built; a General Motors plant in suburban Wentzville. Daimler AG ( (formerly DaimlerChrysler AG) is a German car corporation (not to be confused with the British car-maker Daimler Motor Company) and Fenton is a city in St Louis County, Missouri, United States. A minivan, multi-purpose vehicle (abbreviated MPV) people-carrier, people-mover or multi-utility vehicle (shortened A pickup truck is a light Motor vehicle with an open-top rear cargo area which is almost always separated from the cab to allow for chassis flex when carrying or pulling General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. Wentzville is a city located in western St Charles County Missouri. In 1997, St. Louis-based McDonnell-Douglas merged with Boeing. McDonnell Douglas was a major American Aerospace manufacturer and Defense contractor, producing a number of famous commercial and military aircraft The Boeing Company is a major Aerospace and defense corporation originally founded by William E With the new corporate world headquarters in Chicago, St. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Louis became the divisional headquarters for Boeing's $27 billion-per-year Integrated Defense Systems unit and home for the company-wide R&D unit, Phantom Works. The Boeing Company is a major Aerospace and defense corporation originally founded by William E The Phantom Works division is the main Research and development arm of The Boeing Company. Boeing manufactures the F/A-18 Super Hornet, F-15 Eagle, and JDAM smart bombs in St. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Overview The JDAM is not a weapon rather it is a "bolt-on" upgrade for unguided gravity bombs installed during build up of the munition by Naval Ordnancemen or Air Force Louis region, and has developed — at times secretly — several unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAVs). An unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV or "combat drone" is an experimental class of Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAVs
As is the trend across the country, most St. Louis banks have been purchased by out-of-town banks, but this has created the establishment of many newly formed banks headquartered in St. A banker or bank is a Financial institution whose primary activity is to act as a payment agent for customers and to borrow and lend money Louis. The city retains a Federal Reserve Bank. The Federal Reserve Bank of St Louis is one of 12 regional Reserve Banks that along with the Board of Governors in Washington D
The region has built up a formidable health care industry. This is dominated by BJC HealthCare, which operates Barnes-Jewish Hospital and St. Louis Children's Hospital, plus eleven others. This article is about Barnes Hospital For other uses please see Barnes (disambiguation Barnes-Jewish Hospital is located in St St Louis Children's Hospital is a pediatric hospital in St Louis Missouri, and is one of the premier children's hospitals in the United States BJC benefits from a symbiotic relationship with Washington University School of Medicine, which is a major center of medical research. This article is about the biological phenomenon for other uses see Symbiosis (disambiguation The term symbiosis (from the Greek Washington University School of Medicine, located in St Louis Missouri, is one of the most competitive and highly regarded medical schools and biomedical research institutes Other major players include SSM Health Care, St. SSM Health Care is a Health care system that owns manages and is affiliated with 20 acute care Hospitals and two Nursing homes in Missouri, John's Mercy, and the Tenet Healthcare Corporation chain. Tenet Healthcare Corporation ( THC) is an Operating company that owns and operates 57 Hospitals in the United States. In addition there is Saint Louis University School of Medicine which is a leader in several areas of medical research and works with hospitals including Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital and Saint Louis University Hospital. Saint Louis University School of Medicine is one of the eleven schools which comprise Saint Louis University. SSM Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital is a Hospital in St Louis Missouri named after the Catholic Cardinal John J Saint Louis University Hospital is a Hospital in St Louis, Missouri named after Saint Louis, a former French king St. Louis is also home to two companies that produce radiation therapy planning software, CMS, Inc. and Multidata Systems International. Multidata Systems International is a maker of radiation therapy Products based in St
St. Louis housing costs are significantly (30. 7%) below the national average ($217,200). [1] From the mid-1990s onward, the City of St. Louis itself has seen a major surge in housing rehabilitation as well as new construction on cleared sites. As a rule, other costs of living also are at or slightly below the national average. Wages tend to reflect these facts, likewise being at or slightly below the average.
Demographics
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1830 | 4,977 |
|
|
| 1840 | 16,469 | 230. 9% | |
| 1850 | 77,860 | 372. 8% | |
| 1860 | 160,773 | 106. 5% | |
| 1870 | 310,864 | 93. 4% | |
| 1880 | 350,518 | 12. 8% | |
| 1890 | 451,770 | 28. 9% | |
| 1900 | 575,238 | 27. 3% | |
| 1910 | 687,029 | 19. 4% | |
| 1920 | 772,897 | 12. 5% | |
| 1930 | 821,960 | 6. 3% | |
| 1940 | 816,048 | −0. 7% | |
| 1950 | 856,796 | 5% | |
| 1960 | 750,026 | −12. 5% | |
| 1970 | 622,236 | −17% | |
| 1980 | 452,801 | −27. 2% | |
| 1990 | 396,685 | −12. 4% | |
| 2000 | 348,189 | −12. 2% | |
| Est. 2006 | 353,837 | 1. 6% | |
Like other large American cities, St. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Louis experienced a large population shift to the suburbs in the twentieth century; first because of increased demand for new housing following the Second World War, and later in response to demographic changes, namely white flight, whether real or perceived, in existing neighborhoods. South San Jose (cropjpg||thumb|A suburban development in San Jose California. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including White flight is a term for the demographic trend in which working and Middle-class White people move away from Suburbs [30] The long standing population decline of the city has begun to reverse itself in recent years. Although recent census reports show population growth, St. Louis has had a long history of population decline. Between 1950 and 2000, the city has lost people at a rate faster than any other major American city, losing more than half its population: in 1950, it had a population of 856,796; in 2000, the population was 348,189. As of 2006, the population of St. Louis has shown a small increase to 353,837. [2]
As of the census[31] of 2000, there were 348,189 people, 147,076 households, and 76,920 families residing in the city. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The population density was 5,622. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 9 people per square mile (2,171. 2/km²). There were 176,354 housing units at an average density of 2,847. 9/sq mi (1,099. 7/km²). The racial makeup of the city of St. Louis (as separate and distinct from St. Louis County and the rest of the MSA) was 51. 20% African American, 43. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa 85% White, 1. 98% Asian, 0. 27% Native American, 0. 03% Pacific Islander, 0. 80% from other ethnic groups, and 1. 88% of two or more ethnicities. Hispanic or Latino of any ethnic group were 2. 02% of the population. Historically, North St. Louis City has been primarily African American and South St. Louis City has been primarily European American. A European American (Euro-American is a person who resides in the United States and is either from Europe or is the descendant of European immigrants Since the mid-1990s, an estimated 35,000 - 45,000 Bosnian immigrants have settled in the St. The War in Bosnia and Herzegovina, commonly known as the Bosnian War, was an international armed conflict that took place between March 1992 and November 1995 This is page about Bosnians (as citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina) Louis metropolitan area[32], primarily concentrated in the Bevo neighborhood of south St. Louis and adjacent parts of St. Louis County.
There are 147,076 households, out of which 25. 4% have children younger than 18 living with them, 26. 2% were married couples living together, 21. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** 3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 47. 7% were non-families. 40. 3% of all households were made up of individuals and 12. 9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2. 30 and the average family size was 3. 19.
In the city the population was spread out with 25. 7% younger than 18, 10. 6% from 18 to 24, 30. 9% from 25 to 44, 19. 1% from 45 to 64, and 13. 7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 88. 6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and older, there were 84. 2 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $29,156, and the median income for a family was $32,585. Males had a median income of $31,106 versus $26,987 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,108. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country
Law and government
The City of St. Louis has a mayor-council type government, with the legislative authority vested in a Board of Aldermen and the mayor having primary executive authority. The Mayor-Council government system sometimes called the Mayor-Commission government system is one of two variations of Government used for the most part in modern The Board of Aldermen, is the municipal legislature of the independent City of St Chairmen St Louis was first incorporated as a town on November 9, 1809 while part of the Territory of Louisiana. The Board of Aldermen is made up of 28 members (one elected from each of the city's wards) plus a board president who is elected city-wide. Unlike many other cities, the mayor shares some executive authority with 9 other independent citywide elected officials, including a treasurer, comptroller, and collector of revenue. These officials have significant influence. By custom and tradition the individual aldermen have a great deal of influence over decisions impacting the ward they represent on matters ranging from zoning changes, to street resurfacing.
Municipal elections in St. Louis city are held in odd numbered years, with the primary elections in March and the general election in April. The mayor is elected in odd numbered years following the United States Presidential Election, as are the aldermen representing odd-numbered wards. The President of the Board of Aldermen and the aldermen from even-numbered wards are elected in the off-years. The Democratic Party has dominated St. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Louis city politics for decades. The city has not had a Republican mayor since 1949 and the last time a Republican was elected to another city-wide office was in the 1970s. As of 2006, 27 of the city's 28 Aldermen are Democrats.
Although St. Louis City and County separated in 1876, some mechanisms have been put in place for joint funding management and funding of regional assets. The St. Louis Zoo-Museum district collects property taxes from residents of both St. Louis City and County and the funds are used to support cultural institutions including the St. Louis Zoo, St. Louis Art Museum and the Missouri Botanical Gardens. The Saint Louis Zoological Park is a Zoo in Forest Park in St Apotheosis-of-saint-louisjpg|thumb|float|right|200px|This stature "The Apotheosis of St The Missouri Botanical Garden is a Botanical garden located in St Similarly, the Metropolitan Sewer District provides sanitary and storm sewer service to the city and much of St. Louis County. The Bi-State Development Agency (now known as Metro) runs the region's MetroLink light rail system and bus system. MetroLink is the Light rail transit system in the Greater St Louis area of Missouri and Illinois.
The City of St. Louis is split roughly in half north to south by Missouri's first and third U. S. Congressional districts. A congressional district is an electoral Constituency that elects a single member of a Congress. Each district also includes a significant portion of St. Louis County. The City of St. Louis includes all of 9 Missouri House of Representatives districts and a portion of two others. The Missouri House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the Missouri General Assembly. Two Missouri State Senate districts are entirely within the city's boundaries and a third district is split between St. The Missouri State Senate is the upper chamber of the Missouri General Assembly. Louis City and County.
Crime and social issues
The City of St. General The city of St Louis has one of the highest per-capita crime rates in the United States. Louis has one of the highest per-capita crime rates in the United States and has ranked among the nation's top ten in crime for years. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the According to FBI statistics, the city ranked third in 2005 in the country's highest murder rates for cities above 250,000. [33] According to Morgan Quitno's "14th Annual America's safest/most dangerous cities" report, St. Morgan Quitno Press is a research and publishing company based out of Lawrence, Kansas. Louis dropped from the number one "Most Dangerous" city in America in 2006 back to the number two most dangerous city in America in 2007. [34] In the year between, overall crime dropped 15. 6%, reaching a 35-year low, but homicides increased by seven to total 138. [35] Reports such as these have long given St. Louis the perception of being a high crime area. However, the FBI and some criminologists do dispute making these rankings, maintaining that it is difficult to compare statistics between cities. [35]
For the past 25 years, St. Louis has a number of successful integrated neighborhoods in the "central corridor" stretching from Soulard, home of the nation's second largest annual Mardi Gras Festival and Parade, to Lafayette Square near the Mississippi River and the Central West End near Forest Park. Soulard (soo-lard is a historic French neighborhood in St Louis Missouri. " Mardi Gras " ( French for Fat Tuesday) is the day before Ash Wednesday. Lafayette Square is a neighborhood in St Louis Missouri that is bounded on the north by Chouteau Avenue on the south by Interstate 44 on the east by Dolman Street and The Central West End is a distinct neighborhood in St Louis Missouri, stretching from Midtown 's western edge to Union Boulevard and bordering on Forest Park Forest Park in St Louis Missouri, opened in 1876 and the former site of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition of 1904 (better known as "The World's Overall, however, the city's African American population is concentrated in north St. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa Louis city. Although some northern St. Louis neighborhoods, such as Baden, North Pointe and Penrose, are stable and have a large number of middle-class residents, many isolated northside neighborhoods suffer from poverty, unemployment, crime and dilapidated housing. Baden became a part of the City of St Louis in 1876 by the State legislature Penrose is a neighborhood of St Louis Missouri. More recently, a number of near southside neighborhoods, especially around Tower Grove Park, have also successfully integrated. Tower Grove Park is a Municipal park built on land most of which was given as a gift to the City of Saint Louis by Henry Shaw in 1868 These areas have seen an influx of residents of various ethnicities, including Vietnamese and other immigrant groups. Since the upheavals in the Balkans, many Bosnian refugees have been settled in south St. Louis City, particularly in the Bevo neighborhood. Bevo Mill is a neighborhood located in south St Louis Missouri. They have been responsible for an upturn in the economic situation there as they have opened stores, restaurants, and other businesses.
The St. Louis area has made tremendous strides in remedying pollution compared to other MSAs. Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment that causes instability disorder harm or discomfort to the physical systems or living organisms they are in The state of Missouri requires gasoline stations in the metro area to sell special, reformulated gasoline. Most cars owned by residents of St. Louis and the counties of St. Louis, St. Charles, Jefferson, and Franklin must pass an automobile pollution test every other year. St. Louis recently became one of the first cities in the country (prior to New York, Chicago, and San Francisco) to be recognized by the United States Green Building Council as having a LEED for Homes Platinum residence. The regional Realtor multiple listing service was just the 3rd system in the country to add green home attributes and certifications (LEED-H, HBA-GBI, and Energy Star) as search criteria. This is evidence of "green building" in the metro area.
As of July 1, 2005, the city of St. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Louis extended healthcare benefits to the domestic partners of all city employees, including same-sex partners and others living in committed but unmarried relationships, as well as children of such families. A domestic partnership is a legal or Personal relationship between two individuals who live together and share a common domestic life but are neither joined by a traditional
Education
Public education
Within the city proper, the 168-year-old St. Louis Public School District [2] controls the 92 schools in the public school system. Education in St Louis Missouri. Public education For a complete list of high schools in the St St Louis Public Schools ( SLPS) is the School district that operates Public schools in the City of St With more than 38,000 students, the district is the largest in the state of Missouri and the 108th largest in the nation. In July of 2006, the district fired superintendent Dr. Creg E. Williams, and Dr. Diana Bourisaw was hired in July 2006 as his replacement. Subsequently, the Missouri Board of Education voted to revoke the districts accreditation, igniting controversy. The district is currently pushing ahead with its 2011 initiative, which calls for improved graduation rates, higher test scores, and stronger student attendance. Many smaller public districts are defined throughout the wider St. Louis area. The MAP, or Missouri Assessment Program, is a system of standardized tests which students take yearly; not so much a measure of students' individual aptitude as an overall assessment of their schools and districts, scores are used as indicators of the institutions' efficiency, and many factors, especially distribution of public funds, are determined based on student performance.
Private education
St. Louis has an abundance of private high schools, both secular and religiously affiliated, including a multitude of Catholic high schools. Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete". The St. Louis Metropolitan area has the largest amount of Catholic High Schools in the nation, and a host of other denominational secondary private schools.
Higher education
For a complete list of colleges and universities in the St. Louis Metropolitan area, see Colleges and Universities in Greater St. Louis
According to the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 21. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census 4 percent of the adult population in St. Louis holds a bachelors degree compared with the national average of 27 percent. Almost 209,000 students are enrolled in the area's nearly 40 colleges universities and technical schools. Washington University in St. Louis and Saint Louis University are the two largest private universities in St. Saint Louis University (also known as SLU) is a private co-educational Jesuit University in the United States of America located in Louis, though most of Washington University is in St. Louis County. St Louis County is a County located in the US state of Missouri. St. Louis is also home to Concordia Seminary, the largest Lutheran seminary in the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
In 2006 approximately 5,287 associates degrees were granted, almost a third of these from the St. Louis Community Colleges. St Louis Community College is the Missouri two-year college supported by the Junior College District of St As the largest Community college system in the state of Missouri, more than half of the households in St. Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee Louis have at least one member who attended or attends the college. Outside the city, the University of Missouri–St. Louis is the major comprehensive public university in Greater St. The University of Missouri–St Louis ( UMSL, pronounced "uhm-suhl" is one of four universities in the University of Missouri System. Louis and more than 20 percent of all St. Louis area residents with a bachelor degree attended UM-St. Louis.
Infrastructure
Medicine
Due to its colleges, hospitals, and companies like Monsanto, St. The Monsanto Company ( is a multinational Agricultural biotechnology Corporation. Louis is respected as a center of medicine and biotechnology. Biotechnology is Technology based on Biology, especially when used in Agriculture, Food science, and Medicine. Barnes-Jewish Hospital, in conjunction with the Washington University School of Medicine, is the fifth largest in the world. This article is about Barnes Hospital For other uses please see Barnes (disambiguation Barnes-Jewish Hospital is located in St In addition, the School of Medicine consistently ranks in the top five nationally. Washington University School of Medicine, located in St Louis Missouri, is one of the most competitive and highly regarded medical schools and biomedical research institutes Washington University School of Medicine and Barnes-Jewish Hospital also operate the new and well-respected Siteman Cancer Center. Washington University School of Medicine, located in St Louis Missouri, is one of the most competitive and highly regarded medical schools and biomedical research institutes The Genome Sequencing Center, also part of the Washington University School of Medicine, played a major role in the Human Genome Project. The Human Genome Project (HGP was an international Scientific research project with a primary goal to determine the sequence of chemical base pairs which make up DNA Pfizer, the world's largest pharmaceutical company, operates one of its three major US research sites in western St. Pfizer Incorporated ( is a major Pharmaceutical company, which ranks number one in the world in sales Louis County where it is completing work on an additional 330,000-square-foot (31,000 m²) building. Additional biotechs include the Danforth Center, the Solae Company and Sigma-Aldrich. The Solae Company is an international Soy ingredients supplier based in St Sigma-Aldrich Corporation, headquartered in St Louis Missouri, is a supplier of Reagents and materials for use in Research and development, diagnostics Saint Louis University Medical School awarded the first medical degree west of the Mississippi River; it operates the Saint Louis University Hospital as well as a cancer center and a bioethics institute, and is affiliated with SSM Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital. Saint Louis University (also known as SLU) is a private co-educational Jesuit University in the United States of America located in Saint Louis University Hospital is a Hospital in St Louis, Missouri named after Saint Louis, a former French king SSM Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital is a Hospital in St Louis Missouri named after the Catholic Cardinal John J
Transportation
Roads and highways
St. Louis' transportation infrastructure is diverse for an American city. Use of the automobile is supported by the existence of many interstate freeways (I-70, I-55, I-44, I-64, I-255, I-170, and I-270), as well as numerous state and county roadways. The Dwight D Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly called the Interstate Highway System (or simply the Interstate System) Interstate 70 (I-70 is an Interstate highway in the United States that runs from Interstate 15 near Cove Fort Utah, to a Park and Ride Interstate 55 (I-55 is an Interstate highway in the central United States. Interstate 44 (I-44 is an Interstate highway in the central United States. Interstate 64 (abbreviated I-64) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. Interstate 255 (I-255 is a Bypass route of Interstate 55 near St Interstate 170 (abbreviated I-170) is the designation for an interstate route in the St Interstate 270 (abbreviated I-270) makes up a large portion of the outer belt Freeway in the St Beginning in the summer of 2007, I-64 will be under construction for renovation and improvements. In 2007, the interchange between I-170 and I-64 was demolished and a new interchange was added. Interstate 170 (abbreviated I-170) is the designation for an interstate route in the St In 2008 the portion of the I-64 expressway between Ballas Rd. and I-170 will be closed and reconstructed. [36]
In 2009 the portion of the I-64 expressway between I-170 and Kingshighway will be closed and reconstructed. This will significantly impact the flow of east-west traffic right through the heart of the city. All info about the expressway project can be found at http://www.thenewi64.org. The city in 2006 was listed as having the ninth worst traffic communtes in the country [3]. However, the city has a new traffic monitoring system: The Gateway Guide [4]. This system informs communters of drive times and accident/road construction via message boards throughout the metropolitan freeways. Most media outlets use the systems' hundreds of traffic cameras to monitor traffic conditions as well.
Airports
Lambert-St. Louis International Airport is located in suburban northwest St. Lambert-St Louis International Airport is the primary airport for St Lambert-St Louis International Airport is the primary airport for St Louis County, but is owned and operated by the city of St. Louis. American Airlines and Southwest Airlines have the greatest number of flights serving the airport. American Airlines Inc (AA is a US -based airline and the world's Largest airline in total passenger miles transported and passenger fleet size Southwest Airlines Co ( is an American low-cost Airline based in Dallas Texas, with its largest focus city at Las Vegas ' McCarran In 2003, the number of flights operated at the airport had been sharply reduced with the acquisition by American Airlines of TWA and the reduction of service by the combined airline. American Airlines Inc (AA is a US -based airline and the world's Largest airline in total passenger miles transported and passenger fleet size Trans World Airlines ( TWA) renamed TWA Airlines LLC in 2001 was a major U American Airlines retains Lambert-St. Louis International Airport as its fourth largest hub worldwide. American Airlines Inc (AA is a US -based airline and the world's Largest airline in total passenger miles transported and passenger fleet size Lambert-St Louis International Airport is the primary airport for St In 2007, many of the reduction in flights and non-stop services have been added again by American Airlines and new carriers to STL. American Airlines Inc (AA is a US -based airline and the world's Largest airline in total passenger miles transported and passenger fleet size Today, non-stop service to over 90 cities throughout the country and world are available from Lambert. Southwest Airlines and Great Lakes Airlines also use St. Southwest Airlines Co ( is an American low-cost Airline based in Dallas Texas, with its largest focus city at Las Vegas ' McCarran Great Lakes Airlines, formerly Great Lakes Aviation, is an American Airline based in Cheyenne Wyoming, USA. Louis as focus hubs today.
MidAmerica St. Louis Airport is located 25 miles (40 km) east of the city[37] in Illinois adjacent to Scott Air Force Base. Scott Air Force Base is a base of the United States Air Force in St Scott Air Force Base is a base of the United States Air Force in St Constructed as a reliever airport to Lambert, it has failed to attract any major airlines, primarily due to its distance from downtown and low population in its immediate vicinity in spite of free parking and proximity to the light rail system. Shortly after its opening, it was used by some smaller airlines, including Pan Am, an airline operating a few Boeing 727s and not related to the original Pan American World Airways.
Spirit of St. Louis Airport, located in nearby Chesterfield, Missouri is the second largest of the country's general aviation airports, with the first being Van Nuys Airport located in California. Spirit of St Louis Airport is a public Airport located 17 miles (27 km west of the Central business district of St Chesterfield is the largest city in west St Louis County, Missouri, United States. General aviation (abbr GA) is one of two categories of Civil aviation. Van Nuys Airport is a public Airport located in Van Nuys in the San Fernando Valley section of the city limits of Los Angeles, California California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean.
Public transportation
Public transit serving the St. Louis area is predominantly provided by Metro (formerly known as the Bi-State Development Agency). The Bi-State Development Agency is the formal name of an Interstate compact formed by Missouri and Illinois in 1949. Metro is a bi-state agency that operates most of the region's bus system and MetroLink, the region's light-rail system. MetroLink is the Light rail transit system in the Greater St Louis area of Missouri and Illinois. For specific light rail systems many of which use the words "light rail" as part of their name see List of light-rail transit systems. MetroLink provides service on two lines that connect Lambert-St. Louis International Airport to Downtown St. Lambert-St Louis International Airport is the primary airport for St Louis, Central and southern suburban St. Louis, Clayton, Missouri (St. Clayton is the county seat of St Louis County Missouri, part of the Greater St Louis' second largest business district), and the metro east suburbs in Illinois. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. MetroLink runs principally on surface rights of way, with a number of grade separated crossings of major roadways. In the central business district, the system runs in a subway that had been disused for decades. Madison County Transit provides bus service to downtown from nearby Madison County, Illinois. The Madison County Transit, MCT for short is a bus and bike trail transportation system that serves the citizens of Madison County. Madison County is a County located in the US state of Illinois.
Passenger train service is available via Amtrak to Chicago, Kansas City, and Texas from the St. Louis Amtrak station just southeast of Union Station. The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, Doing business as Amtrak, is a Government-owned corporation that was organized on May 1, 1971 Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Kansas City Missouri only Items for the metro area Kansas City Kansas or North Kansas City MO should go on their respective pages Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. St Louis Station is an Amtrak train station serving the city of St St Louis Union Station, a National Historic Landmark, is a former passenger train terminal in St A new Multi-Modal transportation center, known as The Gateway Transportation Center, is under construction. It will serve as a hub for Metro buses, MetroLink rail, Greyhound buses, and Amtrak. Greyhound Lines is an intercity Common carrier of passengers by Bus serving over 3700 destinations in the United States. The new station is expected to be completed by early 2008. [38] Other regional train stations served by Amtrak exist in the suburb of Kirkwood and nearby Alton, Illinois. Kirkwood is a city in St Louis County, Missouri, in the United States. Alton is a city in Madison County, Illinois, United States, about 15 miles north of St
In the first half of the 20th century, St. Louis enjoyed a moderately extensive streetcar system, but after World War II, streetcar service was gradually phased out, and in 1966 the very last line stopped running. Although nothing comparable to the old system exists today, many bus routes and a few segments of MetroLink closely follow the former streetcar lines. MetroLink is the Light rail transit system in the Greater St Louis area of Missouri and Illinois.
Sister cities
St. Louis has fourteen sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International:[39]
See also
- Neighborhoods of St. Louis
- Greater St. Louis
- St. Louis County, Missouri
- Metro-East
- List of Mayors of St. Louis
- Caves of St. Louis
- St. Louis in the Civil War
- Great Flood of 1993
References
- ^ Visiting the Gateway to The West. Sister Cities International is a Non-profit organization dedicated to promoting and fostering Town twinning, especially between cities in the United States Bologna (boloɲa from Latin Bononia, Bulåggna in Bolognese dialect is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Donegal ( Irish: Dún na nGall) is a town in County Donegal, in the Province of Ulster, in Ireland. Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe. Georgetown, estimated population 310320 (2002 Guyana census is the Capital and largest city of Guyana, located in the Demerara-Mahaica region Guyana (ɡaɪˈænə or /ɡiːˈɑːnə/ officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana and previously known as British Guiana, is the only Nation state ( Chinese: 南京 Romanizations Nánjīng ( Pinyin) Nan-ching ( Wade-Giles China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Samara (Сама́ра ( Kuybyshev (ru Ку́йбышев from 1935 to 1990 is one of the largest cities in Russia. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending is a city located in Nagano, Japan. As of 2003 the city had an estimated Population of 53600 and a density of 491 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. San Luis Potosí is the name of both a state in Mexico and the capital city of that state The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. Bogor is a city in West Java with a population of approximately 800000 people in the CBD area and 2000000 in suburban area bringing a total of 3 million population The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. Galway (Gaillimh is the only city in the province of Connacht in Ireland. Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe. ||-||} Lyon, also known as Lyons in English is a city in east-central France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Saint-Louis, or Ndar as it is called in Wolof, is the capital of Senegal 's Saint-Louis Region Senegal (le Sénégal officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country south of the Sénégal River in western Africa. Stuttgart (ˈʃtʊtgaɐ̯t is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland ( is the capital of Hubei province and is the most populous city in central People's Republic of China. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The following is a list of neighborhoods of the city of St Louis Missouri. Greater St Louis is the common name of the St Louis-StCharles-Farmington MO-IL CSA or Metro St St Louis County is a County located in the US state of Missouri. Metro-East is a region in Illinois that comprises the eastern suburbs of St Chairmen St Louis was first incorporated as a town on November 9, 1809 while part of the Territory of Louisiana. The Caves of St Louis, Missouri, USA have been important in the economic development of the city The Great Flood of 1993 occurred in the American Midwest, along the Mississippi and Missouri rivers and their tributaries from April to October Globosapians. Retrieved on 2008-05-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the
- ^ a b c Accepted Challenges to Vintage 2006 Population Estimates. U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2007-05-15. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the
- ^ Missouri QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau
- ^ St. Louis Historic Preservation
- ^ Hoffhaus. (1984). Chez Les Canses: Three Centuries at Kawsmouth. Kansas City: Lowell Press. ISBN 0-913504-91-2.
- ^ Attack On St. Louis: May 26, 1780
- ^ Clymer, Floyd. Treasury of Early American Automobiles, 1877-1925 (New York: Bonanza Books, 1950), p. 32.
- ^ Population of the 100 Largest Urban Places: 1900. U. S. Census Bureau (15 June 1998). Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Retrieved on 2007-01-29. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 904 - Sergius III comes out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed Antipope Christopher.
- ^ 1904 Summer Olympics. International Olympics Committee.
- ^ St. Louis: From Carthage to Rising Phoenix. Rental Car Tours (Demographia). Retrieved on 2007-12-17. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila
- ^ Spence Jackson (2006-12-08). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1609 - Biblioteca Ambrosiana opens its reading room the second public library of Europe. Steinhoff Congratulates St. Louis on Receiving Urban Renewal Award. Missouri Department of Economic Development. Retrieved on 2008-02-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
- ^ State of Missouri Report.
- ^ St. Louis - News - A Sewer Runs Through It
- ^ St. Louis weather records at NOAA.
- ^ Historical Weather for St. Louis, Missouri. Retrieved on 2007-12-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian
- ^ Weatherbase: Historical Weather for St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America. Retrieved on 2007-01-29. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 904 - Sergius III comes out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed Antipope Christopher.
- ^ Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum Official website, accessed 09 June 2008
- ^ Saint Louis Symphony History
- ^ Arianna String Quartet
- ^ Saint Louis Chamber Chorus
- ^ history
- ^ http://www.theblackrep.org
- ^ The Pulitzer Foundation for the Arts
- ^ Fox Associates
- ^ The Fabulous Fox Theatre - St. Louis - The Fox Empire
- ^ Best Sports Cities 2000. The Sporting News. Sporting News (previously The Sporting News, and known colloquially as TSN) is an American -based Sports Retrieved on 2007-01-29. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 904 - Sergius III comes out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed Antipope Christopher.
- ^ ESPN - MLB World Series Winners - Major League Baseball
- ^ Bill would make Budweiser Missouri's official beer. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Retrieved on 2008-03-11. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty
- ^ Clymer, Floyd. Treasury of Early American Automobiles, 1877-1925 (New York: Bonanza Books, 1950), p. 178.
- ^ Gibson, Campbell (June, 1998). POPULATION OF THE 100 LARGEST CITIES AND OTHER URBAN PLACES IN THE UNITED STATES: 1790 TO 1990. U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on December 12, 2007.
- ^ American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
- ^ Exhibit details Bosnia ethnic cleansing, Newsweek, January 18, 2008
- ^ Christopher Leonard (2006-10-30). Newsweek is an American weekly Newsmagazine published in New York City. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 637 - Antioch surrenders to the Muslim forces under Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of Iron bridge. St. Louis Named Most Dangerous U.S. City. Associated Press.
- ^ Munz, Michelle (2008-01-13). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 532 - Nika riots in Constantinople. 888 - Odo Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks St. Louis drops to 2nd most dangerous. Retrieved on 2008-01-23. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor
- ^ a b St. Louis reports 15.6 percent drop in crime. Associated Press (2008-01-13). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 532 - Nika riots in Constantinople. 888 - Odo Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks Retrieved on 2008-01-23. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor
- ^ I-64 Headlines: October 29, 2007 - I-64 Closes January 2; All Lanes Closed From Ballas to I-170 for One Year. Missouri Department of Transporation. Retrieved on 2007-12-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 359 - Honoratus, the first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office
- ^ http://www.flymidamerica.com/admin/directions.htm
- ^ Daniel, O'Malley. "Construction begins on integrated transit hub downtown", West End Word, 2006-04-05. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop Retrieved on 2007-01-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1077 - Walk to Canossa: The Excommunication of Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor is lifted
- ^ St. Louis Sister Cities. St. Louis Center for International Relations. Retrieved on 2008-05-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and
External links
- St. Louis travel guide from Wikitravel
- Official City Government Website
- St. Louis Convention & Visitors Bureau
- St. Louis Regional Chamber and Growth Association
- Built St. Louis
- History's Time Portal to Old St. Louis
- St. Louis Historic Context: The African American Experience
- St. Wikitravel is a Web -based project "to create a free, complete up-to-date and reliable worldwide travel guide. Louis, Missouri is at coordinates Coordinates:
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