| ?श्रीनगर/سِرېنَگَر Srinagar Jammu and Kashmir • India |
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| Nickname: Paradise on Earth | |
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| Coordinates: | |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| Area • Elevation |
105 km² (41 sq mi) • 1,730 m (5,676 ft) |
| Climate • Precipitation Temperature • Summer • Winter |
ETh (Köppen) • 658 mm (25. ( Dogri: जम्मू और कश्मीर Urdu: جموں و کشمیر is the northernmost state of India. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The Dal Lake is a famous lake in Srinagar, the summer capital of the northern most indian administered state of Jammu & Kashmir. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Indian Standard Time ( IST) is the time observed throughout India and Sri Lanka, with a Time offset of UTC+530. UTC+530 is the Timezone for Indian Standard Time Sri Lanka Time The geography of India is diverse with landscape ranging from snow-capped mountain ranges to deserts plains rainforests hills and plateaus The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. To help compare Orders of magnitude of different geographical regions we list here areas between 1000 km2 and 10000 km2 The climate of India defies easy generalisation comprising a wide range of weather conditions across a large geographic scale and varied topography In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric Temperature is a physical property of a system that underlies the common notions of hot and cold something that is hotter generally has the greater temperature Tropical rainy climatic group The regions belonging to this group experience persistent high temperatures which normally do not go below 18°C even in the coolest month The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems It was developed by Wladimir Köppen, a German climatologist 9 in) • 22 °C (72 °F) • 4 °C (39 °F) |
| Distance(s) • From Delhi • From Mumbai |
• 876 km NW • 2,275 km NE (land) |
| Region | Kashmir |
| District(s) | Srinagar |
| Population • Density • Metro • Sex ratio • Literacy rate |
894,940[1] (2001) • 556 /km² (1,440 /sq mi) • 971,357[1] • 1. Delhi (दिल्ली ਦਿੱਲੀ دلی d̪ɪlːiː sometimes referred to as Dilli) is the second largest metropolis of India, with a population Mumbai ( Marathi:,, IPA: formerly Bombay, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the financial This is a list of unofficial or quasi-official regions of India This article is about the geographical region of greater Kashmir A district is an administrative division of an Indian state or territory. Area 141 km² In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central In Anthropology and Demography, the human sex ratio is the Sex ratio for Homo sapiens (i traditional definition of literacy is considered to be the ability to read and write or the ability to use Language to read, write, listen, Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. 17 • 59. 18% |
| Language(s) | Kashmiri, Urdu |
| Mayor | Ghulam Mustafa Bhat[2] |
| Settled | 3rd century BCE |
| Codes • Pincode • Telephone • UN/LOCODE • Vehicle |
• 190 001 • +0194 • INSXR • JK |
| Website: www.srinagar.nic.in | |
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Coordinates: Srinagar pronunciation (pronounced Sree+nagar) (Dogri: श्रीनगर; Urdu: سرینگر, Kashmiri: سِرېنَگَر श्रीनगर), is the summer capital of the disputed state of Jammu and Kashmir in India, and is situated in the valley of Kashmir. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Not to be confused with the Dogrib language. Dogri (डोगरी or ڈوگرى is an Indo-Aryan Language spoken by Urdu ( ur '''{{Nastaliq اردو}}''' trans Urdū, historically spelled Ordu) is a Central Indo-Aryan language Urdu is a standardised Kashmiri (कॉशुर کٲشُر Koshur) is a Dardic language spoken primarily in the valley of Kashmir, a region situated in the Indian state India is a union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. ( Dogri: जम्मू और कश्मीर Urdu: جموں و کشمیر is the northernmost state of India. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country This article is about the geographical region of greater Kashmir The city lies on both banks of the Jhelum River, a tributary of the Indus River. "Hydaspes" redirects here For the historic battle see Battle of the Hydaspes. The Indus River { Sanskrit: सिन्धु Sindhu; Urdu: urd {{Nastaliq سندھ}} Sindh; Sindhi: snd The city is famous for its lakes and houseboats floating on them. A houseboat is a Boat that has been designed or modified to be used primarily as a Human Dwelling. It is also known for traditional Kashmiri handicrafts and dry fruits. Handicraft, also known as craftwork or simply Craft, is a type of work where useful and decorative devices are made completely by hand or using only simple tools Dried fruit is fruit that has been dried, either naturally or through use of a machine such as a Food dehydrator. Srinagar is 876 km north of Delhi. Delhi (दिल्ली ਦਿੱਲੀ دلی d̪ɪlːiː sometimes referred to as Dilli) is the second largest metropolis of India, with a population The headquarters of the Srinagar District are situated in the city. Area 141 km²
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Origin of name
Etymologically Srinagar is composed of two Sanskrit words, namely, Sri (meaning abundance and wealth) and Nagar, which means a city. Etymology is the study of the History of Words &mdash when they entered a language from what source and how their form and meaning have changed over time Sanskrit (sa संस्कृता वाक् saṃskṛtā vāk, for short sa संस्कृतम् saṃskṛtam) is a historical A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status Thus, the word Srinagar signifies a place of wealth and abundance. Wealth derives from the old English word "weal" which means "well-being Sri is also the name of a goddess Lakshmi of Hindus. SRi is a specification (spec badge given to mid-sized or larger cars which are fitted with performance engine suspension or other performance enhancements as standard Devi ( Devanagari: देवी) is the Sanskrit word for Goddess, used mostly in Hinduism. Lakshmi or Mahalakshmi (pronunciation; Sanskrit: लक्ष्मी lakṣmī) is the Hindu Goddess of Wealth A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical
A legend, as incorporated in Nila’s Nilmatapurana, states that the Kashmir valley was a vast lake. A legend ( Latin, legenda, "things to be read" is a Narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to A lake (from Latin lacus) is a Terrain feature (or Physical feature) a body of Liquid on the surface of a world that is localized to the A Hindu sage named Kashyapa drained out the water, and there emerged the beautiful valley of Kashmir. A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical This article is about the Hindu sage Kashyapa or Kasyapa See also Kassapa Buddha for information on the ancient buddha and Mahakasyapa information on the disciple In Geology, a valley (also called a vale, dale, glen or strath and near or in Appalachia, a draw) is
History
The city was founded by the King Pravarasena II over 2,000 years ago, and the city of Srinagar has a long history, dating back at least to the 3rd century BC. Events By place Egypt Pyrrhus, the King of Epirus, is taken as a hostage to Egypt after the Battle of Ipsus The city was then a part of the Maurya Empire, one of the largest empires of the Indian subcontinent. The Maurya Empire ( 322 – 185 BCE) ruled by the Mauryan dynasty was a geographically extensive and powerful political and military This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia For geopolitical treatments see South Asia. Ashoka introduced Buddhism to the Kashmir valley, and the adjoining regions around the city became a centre of Buddhism. Ashoka ( Devanāgarī: अशोकः IAST: Aśokaḥ, aɕoːkə(hə Prakrit Imperial title Devanampriya Priyadarsi Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices In the 1st century, the region was under the control of Kushans and several rulers of this dynasty strengthened the Buddhist tradition. The 1st century was the Century that lasted from 1 to 100 according the Julian calendar. The Kushan Empire (c 1st &ndash 3rd centuries) was a Bactrian state that at its cultural zenith Circa 105 &ndash 250 Vikramaditya (of Ujjain) and his successors probably ruled the regions just before the city fell to the control of the Huns in the 6th century, and Mihirkula was the most dreaded ruler of the city and the valley. For the Gupta king see Chandragupta II Vikramāditya Vikramaditya ( Sanskrit: विक्रमादित्य WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Ujjain ( Hindi:उज्जैन (also known as Ujain, Ujjayini, Avanti The Hephthalites or White Huns were a Central Asian Nomadic confederation whose precise origins and composition remain obscure The 6th century is the period from 501 to 600 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. In modern usage a tyrant is a single ruler holding absolute power over a State or within an Organization.
The Hindu and the Buddhist rule of Srinagar lasted until the 14th century, when the Kashmir valley, including the city, came under the control of the several Muslim rulers, including the Mughals. A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion The Mughal Empire ( Persian and self-designation گورکانی; مغلیہ سلطنت) was an Islamic imperial power which ruled most It was also the capital during the reign of Yusuf Shah Chak, a ruler who was tricked by Akbar when he failed to conquer Kashmir by force. Akbar redirects here For other uses see Akbar (disambiguation Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar ( Jalāl ud-Dīn Muhammad Akbar This article is about the geographical region of greater Kashmir Yusuf Shah Chak remains buried in Bihar in India. Bihar ( Hindi:बिहार Urdu: بہار bɪhaːr) is a state in eastern India. Akbar established Mughal rule in Srinagar and Kashmir valley.
When the disintegration of the Mughal Empire set forth after the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, infiltrations to the valley from the Pashtun tribes increased, and the Durrani Empire ruled the city for several decades. Aurangzeb ( (full title Al-Sultan al-Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram Abul Muzaffar Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I Padshah Ghazi) ( November 4, Year 1707 ( MDCCVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Pashtuns ( Pashto: پښتون Paṣtūn, Paxtūn, also rendered as Pushtuns, Pakhtuns, Pukhtuns) also called The Durrani Empire (also referred to as the Afghan Empire) was a large state based in modern Afghanistan and Pakistan and later included northeastern Raja Ranjit Singh in the year 1814 annexed a major part of the Kashmir Valley, including Srinagar, to his kingdom, and the city came under the influence of the Sikhs. Maharaja Ranjit Singh (ਮਹਾਰਾਜਾ ਰਣਜੀਤ ਸਿੰਘ also called "Sher-e-Punjab" ("The Lion of the Punjab" (1780-1839 was a Year 1814 ( MDCCCXIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Sikh (English or; ਸਿੱਖ sikkh, IPA) is the title and name given to an adherent of Sikhism. In 1846, the Treaty of Lahore was signed between the Sikh rulers and the British in Lahore. For the game see 1846 (board game. Year 1846 ( MDCCCXLVI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display The Treaty of Lahore was signed on March 9, 1846 after the First Sikh War. For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British ( lahor is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and is the second largest city in Pakistan after Karachi. The treaty, inter alia, provided British de-facto suzerainty over the Kashmir Valley, and installed Gulab Singh as an independent and sovereign ruler of the region. Gulab Singh (1792-1857 was the founder and first Maharaja of the Princely state of Jammu and Kashmir during the British Raj in India Srinagar became part of his kingdom, and remained until 1947 as one of the several princely states of undivided India. For other uses see Principality, Other princely states A Princely State (also called Native State or Indian State) was a India has several socio-political historical and geographical meanings
After, India’s independence, certain tribes, mostly Pashtun, actively supported by elements of the Pakistani forces, invaded the valley to wrest control, by armed force, of the city of Srinagar and the Valley. Pashtuns ( Pashto: پښتون Paṣtūn, Paxtūn, also rendered as Pushtuns, Pakhtuns, Pukhtuns) also called The Pakistan Army ( Urdu:) is the largest branch of the Pakistan military, and is mainly responsible for protection of the state borders the security of administered The Indo-Pakistani War of 1947, sometimes known as the First Kashmir War, was fought between India and Pakistan over the region of Kashmir from This was done in spite of the then ruler Maharaja Hari Singh having a solemn and sovereign assurance (of the British government) backed by the international law that all rulers of such states were free to remain as independent entities, or to choose to annex either to India or to Pakistan. The word Mahārāja (also spelled maharajah) is Sanskrit for "great king" or " High king " (a Karmadharaya from mahānt Hari Singh ( 30 September 1895, Jammu &ndash 26 April 1961, Mumbai) was the last ruling Maharaja of the Princely Her Majesty's Government, or when the monarch is male His Majesty's Government, is the title used by the Government of the United Kingdom, based at International law is the term commonly used for referring to the system of implicit and explicit agreements that bind together nation-states in adherence to recognized values and standards In view of infiltration by armed forces and the possibility of his kingdom, including the city of Srinagar falling into the hands of the forces inimical to him, his kingdom and to the people of the valley, Hari Singh signed a covenant in late 1947 with the Government of India, which ensured integration of his kingdom into the newly formed Republic of India, conditioned on the requirement of having a plebiscite after any conflict had ended. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. At the time of Indian independence, "British India " was divided into two sets of territories the first being the territories under the direct control of India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Various historians, notably British historian Alaister Lamb, dispute the claim that the Maharaja signed any agreement at all.
The Government of India, in view of its obligation enjoined upon it subsequent to this covenant, immediately air-lifted Indian troops to Srinagar, and the city was flushed clean of the invading forces. This article deals with the Army of India before Independence in 1947 In the meanwhile, the matter had been escalated to the United Nations, and a cease fire was imposed under its authority, resulting into certain parts of Hari Singh’s kingdom going out of his hands, which is now called Pakistan Occupied Kashmir by India and Azad Kashmir by Pakistan. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security The Azad State of Jammu and Kashmir, usually shortened to Azad Jammu and Kashmir ( AJK) or simply Azad Kashmir (literally "free India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The Azad State of Jammu and Kashmir, usually shortened to Azad Jammu and Kashmir ( AJK) or simply Azad Kashmir (literally "free Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and The British Historian Alaister Lamb in his book claims that the troops were flown into Srinagar even before the alleged covenant was signed.
The city of Srinagar has thereafter remained administered by India. However, in a joint Indo-Pak poll it was revealed that 87% of the people of Srinigar want independence from India and Pakistan. [1][2]
Tehsils of Srinagar
Geography
- Location:
- Highest temperature: 37 °C; lowest −14 °C [1]
The city is located on both the sides of the river Jhelum, which is called Vyath in Kashmir. South is one of Cardinal directions and is opposite to the North. This is about the direction for other uses see North (disambiguation. The river passes through the city and meanders through the valley, moving onward and deepening in the Wular Lake. Wular Lake (also spelt Wullar) is one of the largest Fresh water lakes in Asia. The city is famous for its nine old bridges, connecting the two parts of the city.
Hokersar is a wetland situated near Srinagar—the capital of Indian Kashmir. Thousands of migratory birds come to Hokersar from Siberia and other regions in the winter season. Migratory birds from Siberia and Central Asia use wetlands in Kashmir as their transitory camps between September and October and again around spring. These wetlands play a vital role in sustaining a large population of wintering, staging and breeding birds.
Hokersar is 14 km north of Srinagar, and is a world class wetland spread over 13. 75 km² including lake and marshy area. A lake (from Latin lacus) is a Terrain feature (or Physical feature) a body of Liquid on the surface of a world that is localized to the In Geography, a marsh, or morass, is a type of Wetland which is subject It is the most accessible and well-known of Kashmir's wetlands which include Hygam, Shalibug and Mirgund. A wetland is an area of Land consisting of Soil that is Saturated with Moisture, such as a Swamp, Marsh, or Bog A record number of migratory birds have visited Hokersar in recent years. An estimated quarter of a million birds have already been spotted at Hokersar in the current season.
Birds found in Hokersar — Migratory ducks and geese which include Brahminy Duck, Tufted Duck, Gadwall, Garganey, Greylag Goose, Mallard, Common Merganser, Northern Pintail, Common Pochard, Ferruginous Pochard, Red-Crested Pochard, Ruddy Shelduck, Northern Shoveler, Common Teal, and Eurasian Wigeon. For duck as a food see Duck (food; for other meanings see Duck (disambiguation. Goose (plural geese) is the English name for a considerable number of Birds belonging to the family Anatidae. The Ruddy Shelduck, Tadorna ferruginea, is a member of the Duck, Goose and Swan family Anatidae. The Tufted Duck, Aythya fuligula, is a medium-sized Diving duck with a population of close to one million birds The Gadwall, Anas strepera is a common and widespread Duck of the family Anatidae. The Garganey, Anas querquedula is a small Dabbling duck. It breeds in much of Europe and western Asia, but is strictly migratory, The Mallard ( Anas platyrhynchos) probably the best-known and most recognizable of all ducks is a Dabbling duck which breeds throughout the Temperate The Common Merganser, ( Goosander in Europe) Mergus merganser, is a large sized Duck, which is distributed over Europe, North The Pintail or Northern Pintail ( Anas acuta) is a widely-occurring Duck which breeds in the northern areas of Europe, Asia and The Common Pochard ( Aythya ferina) is a medium-sized Diving duck. The Ferruginous Duck ( Aythya nyroca) is a medium-sized Diving duck. The Ruddy Shelduck, Tadorna ferruginea, is a member of the Duck, Goose and Swan family Anatidae. The Northern Shoveler ( Anas clypeata) sometimes known simply as the Shoveler (ˈʃʌvələr is a common and widespread Duck. The Common Teal / Eurasian Teal or simply Teal ( Anas crecca) is a common and widespread Duck which breeds in the northernmost The Wigeon or Eurasian Wigeon ( Anas penelope, previously Mareca penelope) is one of three species of Wigeon in the Dabbling duck
Climate
The climate of Srinagar may be generally described as warm temperate. The city has warm summers from June through August, and winters from December-February. The city generally gets some snowfall from December to February but seldom accumulates for longer periods. The average temperatures are 24°C in July (ranging between +18 - +29) and +4°C in January (between -2/+7 (night/day), -2/0 and +7/+11 some of local extremes).
| Climate chart for Srinagar | |||||||||||
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| J | F | M | A | M | J | J | A | S | O | N | D |
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48
7
-2
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68
8
-1
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121
14
3
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85
20
8
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68
24
11
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39
30
15
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62
30
18
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76
30
18
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28
27
12
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33
22
6
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28
15
1
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54
8
-2
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| temperatures in °C • precipitation totals in mm source: Weather Underground |
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Imperial conversion
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Economy
Srinagar is the most pivotal centre of the economy of the Kashmir Valley, and it has remained a tourist destination for centuries. The valley has attracted rulers from the plains of India for a long time, and they traveled to the valley and the city to avoid the hot summers of the Indo-Gangetic plains. The Indo-Gangetic Plain also known as the Northern plains and the North Indian River Plain is a large and fertile plain encompassing most of northern and eastern India, The city remained on the itinerary of the Mughal ruling elite, and several Mughal emperors and their consorts had visited the city, and several Mughal gardens in and around the city indicate their close association with Srinagar. Mughal gardens are a group of Gardens built by the Mughals in the Islamic style of architecture
With the colonization of India by the Europeans, particularly the British, the ruling elite as well as the rich Indians used to visit the city and the nearby locations during summers to avoid heat of the plains; and during winters to enjoy the snowfall. See Colony and Colonization for examples of colonialism which do not refer to Western colonialism See also Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain (Breatainn Mhòr Prydain Fawr Breten Veur Graet Breetain is the larger of the two main islands
The hinterland of Srinagar is the most populous part of the Kashmir valley, and crops like wheat and rice are cultivated for local consumption. Orchards produce a number of fruits, particularly apples. Another significant segment of the economy include handicrafts, weaving of woolen shawls and dress materials, and woodcarving. Handicraft, also known as craftwork or simply Craft, is a type of work where useful and decorative devices are made completely by hand or using only simple tools Srinagar and the surrounding areas serve as collecting points from where fruits and handicraft products are taken to several parts of the Indian subcontinent.
Tourism
Tourism is the most significant segment of the city's economy. The city of Srinagar is a gateway to some of the most scenic and beautiful places of the Indian subcontinent. For decades, tourism has been contributing massively to the economy of the city for last several decades, but it has been adversely affected on account of insurgent activities by certain elements. Sopore one of the famous Apple Town in jammu and kashmir (Aejaz Ahmed janwari)
Srinagar is well known for its lakes. Dal Lake with its houseboats is famous all over the world. The Dal Lake is a famous lake in Srinagar, the summer capital of the northern most indian administered state of Jammu & Kashmir. A houseboat is a Boat that has been designed or modified to be used primarily as a Human Dwelling. Srinagar is a small and beautiful city with a wonderful climate in the summer. Summer is one of the four Temperate Seasons Summer marks the warmest time of year with the longest days Just outside the city are found the beautiful Shalimar Gardens created by Jehangir, the Mughal emperor, in 1619. The Shalimar Gardens ( Hindi: शालीमार बाग़ Urdu: شالیمار باغ is an example of Mughal gardens built by the Mughal emperor Nuruddin Salim Jahangir (full title Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram Khushru-i-Giti Panah Abu'l-Fath Nur ud-din Muhammad Jahangir Padshah Ghazi ''( September 20
Houseboats were introduced accidentally to Kashmir: members of the Indian Civil Service serving in the plains who vacationed in Kashmir were not permitted to build permanent homes because of the then Maharaja's suspicion of a British presence in Srinagar. The Indian Civil Service, popularly known by its acronym ICS, originated as the elite Civil service of the Indian Government under British colonial They thus chose to live in houseboats. The first such, named Victory, was designed by Mr. M. T. Kenhard in 1888. There are now about five hundred on the Lake.
Srinagar has several gardens which are part of the several such gardens laid by the Mughal emperors across the Indian subcontinent, and which are known as Mughal gardens. The Mughal Gardens located in Srinagar and its close vicinity include Chasma Shahi (the royal fountains); Pari Mahal (the palace of the fairies); Nishat Bagh (the garden of spring); Shalimar Bagh; and the Nashim Bagh. Nishat Bagh is one of the three Mughal Gardens on the edge of Dal Lake in Srinagar, India. The Shalimar Gardens ( Hindi: शालीमार बाग़ Urdu: شالیمار باغ is an example of Mughal gardens built by the Mughal emperor The Tulip Gardens have been recently opened to public by Smt Sonia Gandhi. The gardens has rows of Tulips of different colurs and shades.
Government and politics
The city is run by the Srinagar Municipal Committee (SMC). A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a City, Town, or Village, or The Srinagar district contributes 2 parliamentary seats - Srinagar city and Badgam. Current leaders of the city include:
- Ghulam Nabi Azad, Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir
- Farooq Abdullah, Former Chief Minister and Patron Member National Conference
- Syed Ali Shah Geelani, Chairman and Patron of APHC (G)
- Yasin Malik, Chairman, Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF)
- Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, Former Chief Minister, Union Home Minister and Patron Peoples Democratic Party
- Mehbooba Mufti, President Peoples Democratic Party
- Omar Abdullah, President of National Conference (NC)
- Sadiq Ali, Senior Shia leader, and former MLA. Ghulam Nabi Azad (born March 7, 1949 in Jammu and Kashmir, India) is an Indian politician from the Indian National Congress. Farooq Abdullah ( Urdu: فاروق عبدالله born 21 October 1936 in Soura, Jammu & Kashmir, India) is the son of Syed Ali Shah Geelani. سيد علي جيلاني (born September 29, 1929) is a prominent Separatist leader from Jammu and Kashmir, he favours Yasin Malik' is the leader of the Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (Yasin Malik. The Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF, founded by Amanullah Khan and Maqbool Bhat, is a Kashmiri nationalist organization founded in Birmingham, The Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF, founded by Amanullah Khan and Maqbool Bhat, is a Kashmiri nationalist organization founded in Birmingham, Mufti Mohammad Sayeed (born January 12, 1936) is a politician in Jammu and Kashmir who was the Chief minister from 2002 until Mehbooba Mufti Sayeed (born 22 May 1959 in Akhran Nowpora Anantnag district in India) is the president of the Jammu & Kashmir Peoples Omar Abdullah ( Urdu: عمر عبدالله born 10 March 1970, is a member of 14th Lok Sabha. Sadiq Ali is a senior Politician of Kashmir ( India) a noted poet and writer and an active environmentalist
- Mirwaiz Omar Farooq, Chairman Awami Action Committee and APHC(M)
- Dr. Mirwaiz Muhammad Omar Farooq (born 23 March 1973 is the chairman of the All Parties Hurriyat Conference, a grassroots coalition of pro-Pakistan secessionist groups in Jammu Agnishekhar, Convener,Panun Kashmir
Stray Dog Controversy
Srinagar's city government attracted brief international attention in March 2008 when it announced a mass poisoning program aimed at eliminating the city's population of stray dogs. Panun Kashmir is an organisation of displaced Kashmiri Pandits (Kashmiri Hindus founded in December 1990 in Jammu, in order to demand that a separate homeland for [3] Officials estimate that 100,000 stray dogs roam the streets of the city, which has a human population of just under 900,000. In a survey conducted by an NGO, it was found that some residents welcomed this program, saying the city was overrun by dogs, while critics contended that more humane methods could have been used to deal with the animals - Gautam Raina.
Demographics
As of 2001, Srinagar city had a population of 894,940. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. The population density in the city is 556 per km² while the overall population density is 99 per km². Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume The languages spoken are mainly Kashmiri,Urdu,Hindi and English. Kashmiri (कॉशुर کٲشُر Koshur) is a Dardic language spoken primarily in the valley of Kashmir, a region situated in the Indian state Urdu ( ur '''{{Nastaliq اردو}}''' trans Urdū, historically spelled Ordu) is a Central Indo-Aryan language Urdu is a standardised Hindi ( Devanāgarī: hi [[wiktहिन्दी हिन्दी]] or hi [[wiktहिंदी हिंदी]] IAST:, IPA:) is English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States
Culture
Like the state of Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar too has a distinctive blend of cultural heritage. Holy places in and around the city depict the historical cultural and religious diversity of the city as well as the Kashmir valley.
Places of worship
Holy places of the city include:
- Hazratbal Shrine
- Jama Masjid, one of the oldest mosques in Kashmir
- Shah-i-Hamadan Mosque
- Kheer bhawani
- Hari Parbat
- Zestha
- Shankaracharya Temple, possibly the oldest shrine in Kashmir
- Khanqah Moulla Another Sufi Saint Shahi Hamdan (R. The Hazratbal Shrine ( Kashmiri: हज़रतबल حضرت بل, literally Majestic Place) is a Muslim Shrine in Location of the Temple The temple of Kheer Bhawani is situated at a distance of 14 miles east of Srinagar against the background of natural sight near the village Hari Parbat (हरि पर्बत is a hill overlooking Srinagar, the largest city and summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir, India. This article is about the geographical region of greater Kashmir A)Shrine is located in downtown area of Srinagar.
Performing arts
Performing arts of the city include:
- Bhand Pather, a form of traditional folk theatre art form of play and dance, is performed by a group of about ten to fifteen artists. Traditionally the music composed by ethnic Kashmiris has a wide range of musical influences in composition They depict in a satirical style social evils. Performance is accompanied by light music.
- Chakri is a major and popular form of Kashmiri folk music.
- Another form of Kashmiri genre of music called Sufiana music is also practiced in the city. It was introduced in the valley in the 15th century from Iran. Over centuries, it has assimilated a number of Indian Ragas, and has established itself as a classical music of the region. The instruments used in the music include Santoor, Sitar, Kashmiri Saz, Tabla, and Wasool.
- Hafiz Nagma, a form of dance, is performed to the accompaniment of Sufiana music. The dancer is a female while males play different instruments used in Sufiana music.
Education
- Government Medical College, Srinagar
- National Institute of Technology, Srinagar
- University of Kashmir, Srinagar
- Sheri Kashmir University of Agrigcultural Science and Technology (SKUAST)
- Islamia College Of Science & Commerce
- SSM College of Engineering Parishaspora Pattan
- Government Women's Polytechnic, Bemina
- Sikkim Manipal University - LC 1009, Parraypora New Airport Road
- D. The National Institute of Technology Srinagar (formerly Regional Engineering College Srinagar commonly known as NIT-Srinagar or NIT-S, is an Institute of National A. V Institute Magarmal Bagh/Jawahar Nagar
- Govt. Boys Polytechnic, Rajbagh
- New Era Public School
- Indian Army School
- Mallinson School
- Minto Circle School/Raj Bagh
- CMS Tyndale Biscoe School (Est. 1880)
- Presentation Convent
- Greenland School
- Amar Singh College (Est. 1942)
- Sri Pratap School (Est. 1898)
- Sri Pratap College (Est. 1905)
- Government Women's College - M. A Road/Nawa Kadal
- Burn Hall School
- Jhelum Valley medical college
- Wood Lands House School
- Iqbal Memorial Institute
- Oak Hill School
- Modern High School
- D. Burn Hall School is one of the most famous schools in Kashmir India. A. V Higher secondary School jawahar nagar.
- S. M. D. High School - Munawar-abad, Khayam Road, Srinagar
- Lal Ded Memorial School - Badiyar-e-Balla, Ganpatyar, Habba Kadal, Srinagar.
- Gandhi Memorial Collage, Srinagar.
- Dream Land Edu. Inst. Ganderbal
Media
Four FM frequencies are available in the city. However, only two bids were received by the government. Adlabs is the only FM radio operator in Srinagar (its bid was Rs. See also Frequency modulation, FM band FM broadcasting is a broadcast Technology invented by Edwin Howard Armstrong that 61 lakh). The second bidder South Asia FM did not qualify because its bid was less than 25 per cent of the highest bidder, the minimum amount to be eligible for bidding. [4]
Sports
Adventure sports are popular among tourists. Dal Lake has potential for canoeing and water skiing. The Dal Lake is a famous lake in Srinagar, the summer capital of the northern most indian administered state of Jammu & Kashmir. Canoeing is the activity of paddling a Canoe for the purpose of recreation (also called a float trip Sport, or transportation. Water skiing is a Sport where an individual (or more than one individual is pulled behind a Motor boat or a cable ski installation on a body of water wearing Water trekking is local name for three to four day trip along the river Jhelum to various lakes in a shikara with camping gear. Shikaras are a type of wooden boat found on Dal Lake, and other water bodies of Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India. Dachigam National Park (22 km) and Pahalgam (95km) are popular destinations for hikers, trekkers and fishers. Dachigam National Park is located 22 kilometers from Srinagar, the capital city of Jammu and Kashmir within the Republic of India. The word 'hiking' is understood in all English-speaking countries but there are differences in usage The word 'hiking' is understood in all English-speaking countries but there are differences in usage For the computer security term see Phishing. Fishing is the activity of catching Fish. The city is home to the Sher-i-Kashmir Stadium, a stadium where international cricket matches have been played. Sher-i-Kashmir Stadium is a Cricket stadium located in Srinagar.
Sports like football and cricket are popular among schoolchildren. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries
References
- ^ '87% in Valley want Independence'. Express India.
- ^ 60 years on, Kashmir core issue Srinagar, Jammu poles apart. Dawn.
- ^ MSNBC: Indian authorities to poison 100,000 stray dogs
- ^ FM radio: Govt to garner Rs 84 cr
External links
- Srinagar travel guide from Wikitravel
- Srinagar - on Vkashmir
- Srinagar district administration
- Online news and content provider from Srinagar
- Official website of Jammu and Kashmir
- Images of Srinagar
- Kashmir Srinagar
- Srinagar travel information in AsiaExplorers
- [2]
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