The term Spaceguard loosely refers to a number of efforts to discover and study near-Earth objects (NEO). Near-Earth objects ( NEOs) are Asteroids Comets and large Meteoroids whose orbits bring them close ( Perihelion distance AU Arthur C. Clarke coined the term in his novel Rendezvous with Rama where SPACEGUARD was the name of an early warning system created following a catastrophic asteroid impact. Sir Arthur Charles Clarke, CBE (16 December 1917–19 March 2008 was a British Science fiction Author, Inventor, and Rendezvous with Rama is a novel by Arthur C Clarke first published in 1972. See also Impact crater An impact event is the Collision of a large Meteoroid, Asteroid or Comet (generically This name was later adopted by a number of real life efforts to discover and study near-Earth objects.
A 1992 U.S. Congressional study produced a "Spaceguard Survey Report" which led to a mandate that NASA locate 90% of large near-Earth asteroids within 10 years. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program This is often referred to as the "Spaceguard Goal. " A number of efforts which receive money through NASA are all considered to be working on the "Spaceguard Project. "
The Working Group on Near-Earth Objects (WGNEO) of the International Astronomical Union presented a paper in 1995 titled "Beginning the Spaceguard Survey" which led to an international organization called the "Spaceguard Foundation. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 The Spaceguard Foundation (SGF is a private organization based in Frascati, Italy, whose purpose is to study discover and observe Near-Earth objects (NEO "
Subsequently there have been Spaceguard associations or foundations formed in countries around the world to support the ideas of discovering and studying near-Earth objects. Generally, the Spaceguard organizations formed within individual countries are associated with the international foundation or with the U. S. efforts only by name, common interests, and similar goals.
Asteroids are discovered by telescopes which repeatedly survey large areas of sky. A telescope is an instrument designed for the observation of remote objects and the collection of Electromagnetic radiation. Efforts which concentrate on discovering NEOs are considered part of the "Spaceguard Survey," regardless of which organization they are affiliated with.
Neither the Vitim event nor the Eastern Mediterranean Event (2002) were detected in advance by any Spaceguard effort. The Vitim event or Bodaybo event is believed to be an impact by a Bolide or Comet nucleus in the Vitim River basin The Eastern Mediterranean Event was a high-energy aerial Explosion over the Mediterranean Sea, around 34°N 21°E (between Libya and Crete See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar.
See also
- Asteroid deflection
- Catalina Sky Survey
- Near Earth Asteroid Tracking
- Orbit@home monitoring the impact hazard posed by Near Earth Objects
- The Hammer of God
- Vitim event
- Eastern Mediterranean Event
External links
- Spaceguard Central Node
- "Bigger Telescopes Seek Killer Asteroids" article by Michael Paine 2000 [1]
- "Asteroid False Alarm Shows Limits of Alert Systems" article by Stefan Lovgren 2004 [2]
- "Planetary Defense Systems" article by Kip Ingram [3]
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