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Soyuzmultfilm
Type Corporation
Founded 10 June 1936
Headquarters Dolgorukovskaya St. A corporation is a separate legal entity usually used to conduct business Events 1190 - Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the Sally River while leading an army to Jerusalem Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 23a,
Moscow, Russia 103006
(film fund: same address, postal code: 127006)
Key people Akop Kirakosyan (creative director)[1]
Ernest Rakhimov (film fund director)[2]
Industry Animated motion pictures
Products Animated motion pictures
Television programs
Employees Of creative studio:
123 as of April 14, 2007[1] (it is unclear whether this number includes contractors)

Soyuzmultfilm (Russian: Coюзмультфильм, translated as Union Animation) is a Russian animation studio based in Moscow. Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending An executive director is the senior manager or Executive officer of an Organization, company, or Corporation. For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" The bouncing ball animation (below consists of these 6 frames In Marketing, a product is anything that can be offered to a Market that might satisfy a want or need The bouncing ball animation (below consists of these 6 frames A television program (US television programme (UK or television show (U Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Over the years it has gained international attention and respect, garnering numerous awards both at home and abroad. Noted for a great variety of style, it is regarded as the most influential animation studio of the former Soviet Union. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The studio has produced 1527 films during its existence[3].

It is currently divided into two studios: "Creative union of the "Film studio "Soyuzmultfilm" («Творческо-производственное объединение «Киностудия «Союзмультфильм») and the Soyuzmultfilm Film Fund («Фильмофонд Киностудии «Союзмультфильм»).

Contents

History during the Soviet era

Winnie-the-Pooh by Soyuzmultfilm
Winnie-the-Pooh by Soyuzmultfilm

The Studio was founded in 10 June 1936 under the name Soyuzdetmultfilm. Winnie-the-Pooh, commonly shortened to Pooh Bear and once referred to as Edward Bear, is a fictional Bear created by A The name was changed to Soyuzmultfilm on 20 August 1937. Initially comprising only a few scattered workshops, Soyuzmultfilm grew quickly, soon becoming the Soviet Union's premier animation studio. The studio produced exclusively traditional animation until 1954, when a "puppet division" was founded and the first stop motion-animated film released. Traditional animation, also referred to as classical animation, cel animation, or hand-drawn animation, is the oldest and historically the most popular Stop motion (or frame-by-frame) animation is an Animation technique to make a physically manipulated object appear to move on its own The puppet division would later also make cutout-animated films. Cutout animation is a unique technique for producing Animations using flat characters props and backgrounds cut from

During the Soviet era, the studio employed a maximum of over 700[1] skilled labourers and released an average of 20 films each year (the highest number was 47, in 1973).

The 60s, 70s and 80s saw the release of many films whose characters became an integral part of Soviet culture: Winnie-the-Pooh (Винни-Пух), Crocodile Gena (Крокодил Гена), Karlsson-on-the-Roof (Карлсон, который живёт на крыше), The Musicians of Bremen (Бременские музыканты), Three from Buttermilk Village (Трое из Простоквашино), Nu, pogodi! (Ну, погоди!), Hedgehog in the Fog (Ёжик в тумане), The Mystery of the Third Planet (Тайна третьей планеты) etc. Winnie-the-Pooh, commonly shortened to Pooh Bear and once referred to as Edward Bear, is a fictional Bear created by A Crocodile Gena ( Russian: Крокодил Гена Krokodil Gena) is a fictional friendly Crocodile in the series of Cheburashka Karlsson-on-the-Roof ( Swedish: Karlsson på taket) is a fictional character in a series of children's books created by Swedish author The Bremen Town Musicians ( German Die Bremer Stadtmusikanten, also translated as The Musicians of Bremen) is a Fairy tale recorded Three from Buttermilk Village (Трое из Простоквашино tr Nu pogodi! ( Ну погоди!, Well Just You Wait! or You Just Wait!) is a Soviet / Russian animated Hedgehog in the Fog (Ёжик в тума́не Yozhik v tumane) is a 1975 Soviet Animated film directed by Yuriy Norshteyn, The Mystery of the Third Planet (Та́йна тре́тьей плане́ты Tayna Tretyey Planety) aka

The variety of animation styles and the unprecedented degree of artistic freedom given to its many animators made Soyuzmultfilm perhaps the most diverse of the world's major animation studios.

Soyuzmultfilm's creativity was fueled in part by the unique conditions of the Soviet Union which made it possible for the studio to disregard the commercial appeal of its films. Because animators were paid by the Academy of Film regardless of how well or how poorly their products sold (though they were not, in fact, "sold"), they were free to pursue their artistic vision without giving a thought to finances.

Soyuzmultfilm's decline

Hedgehog in the Fog by Soyuzmultfilm
Hedgehog in the Fog by Soyuzmultfilm

The collapse of the Soviet Union brought to a close the golden era of Soyuzmultfilm. Hedgehog in the Fog (Ёжик в тума́не Yozhik v tumane) is a 1975 Soviet Animated film directed by Yuriy Norshteyn, New economic realities made it impossible for the government to support the studio any longer. In 1989, Soyuzmultfilm was made into a leased enterprise (expiring after 10 years) and forced into the capitalist marketplace. See also Leasing, Renting A lease is a Legal document, but can be an oral arrangement which confers a right on one person (called

Although the studio survived, it shrank dramatically, losing nearly 90% of its staff and releasing only a few films. One early misfortune happened when the Russian courts transferred the studio's puppet division building (in a legal decision involving many other buildings) to the Russian Orthodox Church. According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Russian judiciary shall have judicial appeal and judicial review at the level of the Supreme Court See also Eastern Orthodox Church Structure and organization The Slavic Orthodox Church is organized in a hierarchical structure Before the animators could react to this turn of events, a Cossack squadron broke into the building and began throwing out the "devilish puppets". The Cossacks (Каза́ки́ Kazaki; Козаки́ Kozaki; Kozacy are a group of martial people living in the southern Steppe regions of Eastern No studio employees were allowed to come in and salvage any item, despite the presence of much expensive equipment and a whole library of puppets. [4]

The main reason for the collapse, however, was the studio's deliberate dismantling by the new top management and the illegal selling off of its assets for personal gain (see: [5] - in Russian). In 1992-1993, Sergei Skulyabin was elected president.

In the mid-1990s, Sergei Skulyabin illegally took over the company and used hired thugs to keep the animators in line and the government officials from asserting legal authority. The legal director of Soyuzmultfilm kept a very low profile after having been beat up in an alley and forced to go to the hospital with injuries to the head, and during this period many documents were signed by Skulyabin illegally on behalf of Soyuzmultfilm.

Georgiy Borodin writes of this time, "artistic work at the studio became psychologically unbearable and impossible. No one had the guarantee that come morning, he would not find his cabinet broken open, and his working table - cleared. Similar cases became almost a regular occurrence during the years of occupation. Animators who worked in other studios refused to believe the tales about the working conditions at the stolen "Soyuzmultfilm". Imagine, for example: you - the manager of one of the sections of the studio - come to your work cabinet and see in there several unidentified youths, engaged in packing away several large boxes with studio puppets to send them to an undisclosed location "at the command of Skulyabin". And when you, along with the director of the Puppet Dpt. (who is, by the way, responsible for the keeping of these puppets) keep them from being stolen by hiding them in a studio room which is inaccessible to these men, you are officially charged with attempted robbery. " ([6])

Sergei Skulyabin was eventually ousted and fled to America, and the studio began a slow recovery. [7]

Films by Jove controversy

In 1992, the studio signed a deal with the American company Films by Jove, owned by Russian emigrants Oleg Vidov and Joan Borsten. "Emigrant" redirects here For the Butterflies, see Catopsilia. It was the first international offer that the studio had received. The deal stipulated that Films by Jove would be granted the rights to 547 of the most popular classic studio films for a period of 10 years in all territories except the CIS; as part of the return, Soyuzmultfilm would receive 37% of the net profits. In 1993, newly-elected director Skulyabin extended the agreement by a further 35 years. Films by Jove restored many of the films and released many of them on television, video and DVD in the United States and Europe, albeit usually with dubbed voices and changed music.

According to current director Akop Kirakosyan, the original deal seemed promising at the time but turned out to be "deadly" for the studio. The expected payouts never materialized because Films by Jove never posted any net profits; all of the money officially went to things like new soundtracks, lawsuits and anti-pirating measures. [1]

Whether either deal was legal is currently being debated in court, with the Soyuzmultfilm Film Fund (see section below) claiming that because the company's lease on its possessions would have expired in 1999 (at which time ownership would have automatically reverted back to the government if no new lease were signed), Soyuzmultfilm had no authority to issue rights that lasted beyond that timeframe. [8]

On 11 April 2007, Russian businessman Alisher Usmanov announced that he is in the final stages of negotiating a price with Films by Jove to buy back the collection. Alisher Burkhanovich Usmanov (born 9 September 1953, Namangan Province, Uzbek SSR, USSR) is a Russian billionaire of A source close to Usmanov said that Films by Jove's initial price was $10 million, while Usmanov is willing to pay "several times less", as he considers that the rights already belong to Soyuzmultfilm and that he himself is only buying the physical film prints. [9]

Soyuzmultfilm today

In 1999, Soyuzmultfilm came back under the control of the government. A government edict on 10 January 2003 ([10]) divided the company into two separate companies. The separation was finalised on March 1, 2004.

The rights of all Soyuzmultfilm films before March 1, 2004 belong to the "Soyuzmultfilm Film Fund", headed by Ernest Rakhimov, and its official mission is restoring and marketing them. The mission of the "Creative union of the "Film studio "Soyuzmultfilm", headed by Akop Kirakosyan, is to create new films (anywhere from 3-7 short films a year) and to eventually privatize itself (currently, 100% of its stock is owned by the Russian Ministry of Culture).

Today the studio's major project is the upcoming feature film Gofmaniada, backed by Mikhail Shemyakin and directed by Stanislav Sokolov. Gofmaniada (Гофманиа́да is an upcoming Stop motion - animated Feature film from Russian studio Soyuzmultfilm. Mikhail Mikhaylovich Shemyakin (Михаи́л Михайлович Шемя́кин born 4 May 1943, Moscow) is a Russian (ethnic Stanislav Mihaylovich Sokolov (Станислав Михайлович Соколов born May 18th 1947) is a Russian stop-motion Animation director It will be based on the tales of E.T.A. Hoffman. Ernst Theodor Wilhelm Hoffmann ( January 24, 1776 &ndash June 25, 1822) better known by his Pen name E The film will use stop motion animation exclusively and will avoid using computer animation for special effects. Stop motion (or frame-by-frame) animation is an Animation technique to make a physically manipulated object appear to move on its own The first 20 minutes of the film were screened on November 20, 2006, in St. Petersburg, and the full film is expected to be completed in 2008. Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River [11]

Notable artists

Nu, Pogodi! by Soyuzmultfilm
Nu, Pogodi! by Soyuzmultfilm

Animators & directors

Actors

Selected films

The Bremen Musicians by Soyuzmultfilm
The Bremen Musicians by Soyuzmultfilm


References

  1. ^ a b c Radio interview with Akop Kirakosyan (partially transcribed), 13-04-2007. Nu pogodi! ( Ну погоди!, Well Just You Wait! or You Just Wait!) is a Soviet / Russian animated Garri Bardin (born September 11, 1941) is a Russian Animation director, Screenwriter and producer and director Ivan Pyetrovich Ivanov-Vano (Ива́н Петро́вич Ивано́в-Вано́ ( February 8, 1900, Moscow &ndash March 25, 1987 Fyodor Savelyevich Khitruk ( Russian: Фёдор Савельевич Хитрук; born May 1, 1917) is one of the most influential Animators Yuriy Borisovich Norshteyn (Ю́рий Бори́сович Норште́йн or Yuri Norstein or Yuri Norshtein (born Aleksandr Lukich Ptushko ( Александр Лукич Птушко; in Lugansk, currently Ukraine -- March 6, 1973 in Moscow Leonid Shvartsman (Леонид Аронович Шварцман (b Stanislav Mihaylovich Sokolov (Станислав Михайлович Соколов born May 18th 1947) is a Russian stop-motion Animation director Anatoli Dmitrievich Papanov (Анато́лий Дми́триевич Папа́нов 31 October 1922 in Vyazma, Smolensk Oblast, Russia Klara Rumyanova (Кла́ра Миха́йловна Румя́нова December 8, 1929, Leningrad &ndash September 18, 2004, The Bremen Town Musicians (Бременские музыканты Bremenskiye musykanty is a 1969 Soviet musical Cartoon made at Soyuzmultfilm The year 1947 in film involved some significant events Events May 22 - Great Expectations is premiered in New York The Humpbacked Horse (Конёк-Горбуно́к tr: Konyok Gorbunok) is a 1947 Soviet traditionally-animated Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Scarlet Flower (А́ленький цвето́чек Alenkiy tsvetochek) is a 1952 Soviet traditionally-animated Feature Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Snow Maiden (Снегу́рочка tr: Snegurochka) is a 1952 Soviet traditionally-animated Feature film Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) The Snow Queen (Снежная королева Snezhnaya koroleva) is a 1957 Soviet traditionally-animated Feature film Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Beloved Beauty (Краса́ ненагля́дная Krasa nenaglyadnaya is a 1958 feature-length Stop motion -animated film from the Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Wild Swans (Дикие лебеди tr: Dikiye lebedi) is a 1962 Soviet traditionally-animated Feature film Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Lefty (Левша́) is a feature-length cutout-animated film from the Soviet Union. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Karlsson-on-the-Roof ( Swedish: Karlsson på taket) is a fictional character in a series of children's books created by Swedish author Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Nu pogodi! ( Ну погоди!, Well Just You Wait! or You Just Wait!) is a Soviet / Russian animated Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Crocodile Gena ( Russian: Крокодил Гена Krokodil Gena) is a fictional friendly Crocodile in the series of Cheburashka Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Bremen Town Musicians (Бременские музыканты Bremenskiye musykanty is a 1969 Soviet musical Cartoon made at Soyuzmultfilm Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Winnie-the-Pooh, commonly shortened to Pooh Bear and once referred to as Edward Bear, is a fictional Bear created by A Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Karlsson-on-the-Roof ( Swedish: Karlsson på taket) is a fictional character in a series of children's books created by Swedish author Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Cheburashka ( Russian: Чебурашка) also known as Topple in earlier English translations is a character Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. On the Trail of Town Musicians of Bremen (По следам бременских музыкантов Po sledam bremenskikh muzykantov is a Soviet animation musical Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. The Heron and the Crane (Цапля и журавль is a 1974 Soviet Animated film directed by Yuriy Norshteyn, produced by the Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Shapoklyak (старуха Шапокляк Staruha Shapoklyak - Old Lady Shapoklyak was a popular villain from a story about Cheburashka written by Russian Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Hedgehog in the Fog (Ёжик в тума́не Yozhik v tumane) is a 1975 Soviet Animated film directed by Yuriy Norshteyn, Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. 38 Parrots (38 попугаев) is a series of ten children's cartoons produced in the Soviet Union between 1976 and 1991 by Soyuzmultfilm. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) Three from Buttermilk Village (Трое из Простоквашино tr Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) Tale of Tales (Ска́зка ска́зок Skazka skazok) is a 1979 Soviet Animated film directed by Yuriy Norshteyn Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 The Mystery of the Third Planet (Та́йна тре́тьей плане́ты Tayna Tretyey Planety) aka Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) The Tale of Tsar Saltan (Ска́зка о царе́ Салта́не tr Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) Laughter and Grief by the White Sea (Смех и го́ре у Бе́ла мо́ря tr (Russian)

See also

External links

The history of Russian animation is a very rich but so far nearly unexplored field for Western Film theory and history Mosfilm ( Russian: Мосфильм məs'fʲɨlʲm is a Film studio, which is often described as the largest and oldest in Russia and in Gorky Film Studio (in Russian, Киностудия имени Горького is a Film studio in Moscow, Russian Federation Kinostudiya "Lenfilm" (in Russian, Киностудия Ленфи́льм is a production unit of the Russian film industry with its own Film Belarusfilm (Беларусьфільм Беларусьфильм is the main Film studio of Belarus. The Dovzhenko Film Studios (Національна кіностудія художніх фільмів імені О Melnitsa Animation Studio (Студия анимационного кино «Мельница» "melnitsa" meaning " Windmill " is a Saint Petersburg The Encyclopedia of Domestic Animation (Энциклопе́дия оте́чественной мультиплика́ции; tr Animatorru is a Russian website chronicling the films people and studios of the Animation industry in Russia, the former Soviet Union and (to
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