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South African Navy Ensign
South African Navy Ensign
Emblem of the SA Navy
South African Navy Ensign (1952-1981)
South African Navy Ensign (1952-1981)
South African Navy Ensign (1981-1994)
South African Navy Ensign (1981-1994)

The South African Navy (SAN) is the navy of South Africa. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa

Contents

History

Formation

The South African Navy can trace its official origins back to the SA Naval Service, which was established on 1 April 1922. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

The first ships acquired by the newly formed navy were HMSAS Protea (a hydrographic survey vessel), HMSAS Sonneblom and HMSAS Immortelle (both minesweeping trawlers).

Unofficially, however, the SAN can trace its history even further back, to the Natal Naval Volunteers (NNV), which was formed in Durban on 30 April 1885 as well as to the Cape Naval Volunteers (CNV), which was formed in Cape Town in 1905. KwaZulu-Natal (kwɑːˌzuːluː nəˈtɑːl often referred to as " KZN " is a province of South Africa. Durban (eThekwini is the third most populous city in South Africa, forming part of the EThekwini metropolitan municipality. Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule Year 1885 ( MDCCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Cape Town (Kaapstad Xhosa: Ikapa) is the second most populous city in South Africa, forming part of the metropolitan municipality of the Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting On 1 July 1913 these two units were amalgamated to form the South African Division of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR). "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1913 ( MCMXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common

World War II

In January 1940 a new naval unit, called the Seaward Defence Force, was formed. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This unit was to be responsible for operating the minesweepers, anti-submarine services and the other examination and signalling duties in South African waters.

The Seaward Defence Force and the South African RNVR were amalgamated on 1 August 1942 to form the South African Naval Forces (SANF). Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Post-war development

On 1 May 1946 the SANF was reconstituted as part of the Union Defence Force and in 1951 the SA Naval Forces became the SA Navy. Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. } The Union of South Africa is the historic predecessor to the present-day state of the Republic of South Africa. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January

South African sailors and ships took part with distinction in both the First and Second World Wars.

When South Africa became a republic on May 31, 1961, the title of HMSAS (Her Majesty's South African Ship) was changed to SAS (South African Ship), and the crown in the SAN badge was replaced with the Lion of Nassau from the crest of the country's coat of arms. A republic is a State or Country that is not led by a hereditary Monarch, but in which the people (or at least a part of its people have impact on its Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A ship prefix is a combination of letters usually abbreviations used in front of the name of a civilian or naval Ship. His or Her Majesty's Ship ( HMS) is the Ship prefix used for ships of the navy in some monarchies either formally or informally St Edward's Crown was one of the English Crown Jewels and remains one of the senior British Crown Jewels. The House of Orange-Nassau (in Dutch: Huis van Oranje-Nassau) a branch of the German House of Nassau, has played a central role in the political life The Coat of arms of South Africa first in use in 1910 was replaced with a new design on Freedom Day 2000-04-27.

The SAN also took part in the various internal and border conflicts of South Africa from the 1960s to the early 1990s, including the "Border War". The South African Border War, also known as the Namibian War of Independence, refers to the conflict that took place from 1966 to 1989 in South-West

On 27 April 1994 the SA Navy together with the rest of the South African Defence Force (SADF) became part of the South African National Defence Force (SANDF). Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) The South African Defence Force (SADF were the South African Armed forces from 1957 until 1994 The South African National Defence Force ( SANDF) is the name of the Armed forces of South Africa.

21st Century

SAS Mendi
SAS Mendi

The current Chief of the South African Navy is Vice- Admiral Rofiloe Johannes Mudimo. Currently the SA Navy is classified as a small navy. There are roughly 5000 active uniformed members augmented by 1500 civilians and 1000 reserve members.

A budget of roughly R1.8 billion (Roughly $230 million at 2008 exchange rates) was allocated for the Navy for the 2008\2009 fiscal year. The rand ( sign: R; code: ZAR) is the Currency of South Africa. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common This article is about the year For the film see 2009 Lost Memories. There are currently about 15 active vessels (of all types). It is planned to scale this down to about 12 in 2009\2010. This article is about the year For the film see 2009 Lost Memories. For the film see 2010 The Year We Make Contact. For the book see 2010 Odyssey Two.

The navy currently is at the cutting edge of technology with the introduction of new frigates and submarines. For the bird see Frigatebird. A frigate /ˈfrɪgɪt/ is a warship A submarine is a Watercraft that can operate independently below water as distinct from a Submersible that has only limited underwater capability These vessels are outfitted to South African conditions and use a significant number of South African systems.

Current and future ships

Ships currently in service

Frigates

Main article: Frigate

Fast Attack Craft

Note: According to the department of defence strategic plan for FY 2007-2010 only three strike craft will be kept in service during 2007, to be decommissioned once all four frigates have been commissioned. For the bird see Frigatebird. A frigate /ˈfrɪgɪt/ is a warship Ships of the class History The four Valour class frigates are a German design by the firm Blohm + Voss, designated as MEKO A-200SAN by Hanzo missed identifierumkhonto]] Surface-to-airmissiles mountedintwoeight-cellverticallaunchers|shiparmour -- A Fast Attack Craft (FAC (Schnellboot is a small (100 to 400 Tonnes, fast (up to ca Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. For the film see 2010 The Year We Make Contact. For the book see 2010 Odyssey Two. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

Note: As of July 2007 only two strike craft remain in commission. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The P1565 and P1567, all strike craft have also had their missiles removed.

Mine Counter Measure Vessels

Main article: Mine countermeasure vessel

River Class (Coastal Mine Hunters - MHC)

City Class (Mine Sweeper Coastal - MSC)

These vessels started out life as Type 320 Lindau class minesweepers. A mine countermeasures vessel or MCMV is a type of Naval ship designed for the location of and destruction of Naval mines which combines the role of a These were a class of German coastal mine warfare vessels built as part of the first FRG naval program. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The German Navy ( Deutsche Marine ( is the Navy of Germany and part of the Bundeswehr (German Armed Forces The ships were made from non-metallic components and built by Burmester Bremen. Starting in 1970, 11 vessels of this class were upgraded to Type 331 Fulda class mine hunters. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. During 1979, the six remaining vessels were upgraded to Type 351 Ulm Class. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) They were eventually replaced by the Type 352 Ensdorf Class minesweeper.

None of these ships now remain in service with the German Navy. The German Navy ( Deutsche Marine ( is the Navy of Germany and part of the Bundeswehr (German Armed Forces On November 10, 2000 the sale of the six Type 351 Ulm Class minesweepers to the South African Navy was finalised and after shipment to South Africa in 2001 were reclassified the City Class. Four are now in service, while two were retained for spares. On November 1, 2007, the former Konstanz pennant number M1081 was expended as a target during Exercise Red Lion. After being towed 90km west of Saldanha Bay, South Africa, two Exocet MM40 surface to surface missiles were fired at it from the frigates SAS Amatola and SAS Isandlwana destroying it instantly. Saldanha Bay is a Natural harbour on the south-western coast of South Africa, north west of Cape Town. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa For the bird see Frigatebird. A frigate /ˈfrɪgɪt/ is a warship

Specifications

Ship list

Note- According to the Department of Defence Strategic Plan for 2007-2010, the navy plans to keep only two mine countermeasure systems operational during this period [1]

Submarines

The South African Navy purchased three new Type 209/T.1400 class submarines (SSK) submarines to replace its decommissioned Daphné class submarines:

Auxiliary vessels

Note: This ship carries at least one Atlas Oryx helicopter. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. For the film see 2010 The Year We Make Contact. For the book see 2010 Odyssey Two. Background Five variants of this submarine have been produced Type 209/1100 Type 209/1200 Type 209/1300 Type 209/1400 and Type 209/1500 Ships French Navy S641 Daphné - completed 1964 - decommissioned 1989 S642 Diane Simon's Town (also widely but incorrectly referred to as Simonstown) and in Afrikaans Simonstad) is a village and a naval base in South Africa, Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1489 - The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Simon's Town (also widely but incorrectly referred to as Simonstown) and in Afrikaans Simonstad) is a village and a naval base in South Africa, Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Design Due to its role as a fleet replenishment vessel the Drakensberg is able to carry 5 500 tons of diesel fuel 210 tons of fresh water 100 tons of dry provisions WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout History Since 400 AD Chinese children have played with bamboo flying toys.

Survey ships

Other vessels

Future programmes

The South African Navy is at present considering three additional acquisitions, although it is not clear when or if they will be funded:

Decommissioned ships


Training Ships

Boom Defence Vessels

Spear (ex Daphne) class Submarines (SSK)

Warrior class strike craft

Ton class minesweeper

Loch class frigate

Algerine class minesweeper

President-class frigate

President-class frigate were Rothesay class frigate[4] built in United Kingdom for South African Navy

W class destroyer

Replenishment Ships

Other

Units

Navy Office

SAS Immortelle, located in Pretoria. Ships Algerines sunk in combat ''Algerine'' was torpedoed by the Italian submarine ''Ascianghi'' off Bougie Design The Type 12M retained the excellent hull design of the Type 12 that allowed high cruising speed to be maintained in heavy seas critical to the success of A/S warfare in the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located History SAS President Kruger was one of three ''President''-class type 12 frigates obtained by the South African Navy following the Simonstown Agreement Early History SAS Tafelberg started life in 1958 as the Danish tanker Annam in the service of the East Asiatic Company in A target ship is a vessel — typically an obsolete or captured Warship — used for naval Gunnery practice or for weapons testing W class ''Kempenfelt'' - flotilla leader built by John Brown Clydebank, laid down 24 June 1942, launched 8 May Early History SAS Tafelberg started life in 1958 as the Danish tanker Annam in the service of the East Asiatic Company in A commercial trawler is a commercial Fishing vessel designed to operate fishing trawls. A minesweeper is a Naval Warship designed to counter the threat posed by Naval mines The dedicated purpose-built minesweeper first appeared during A target ship is a vessel — typically an obsolete or captured Warship — used for naval Gunnery practice or for weapons testing Pretoria is a city located in the northern part of Gauteng Province, South Africa.

Fleet Command Headquarters

Located in Cape Town. Cape Town (Kaapstad Xhosa: Ikapa) is the second most populous city in South Africa, forming part of the metropolitan municipality of the

Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centre

Located in a bunker at Silvermine[5]

Naval Bases

SAS Saldanha

Located on the West Coast and houses the Naval Gymnasium. Silvermine Nature Reserve forms part of the Table Mountain National Park in Cape Town, South Africa.

SAS Wingfield

Located in the Greater Cape Town area. Cape Town (Kaapstad Xhosa: Ikapa) is the second most populous city in South Africa, forming part of the metropolitan municipality of the Housing the Naval Armaments Depot and workshops.

Naval Base Simons Town

The only remaining full Naval Base in the SA Navy. Simon's Town (also widely but incorrectly referred to as Simonstown) and in Afrikaans Simonstad) is a village and a naval base in South Africa, All combat units have been concentrated here in an attempt to curb costs.

The base also houses training facilities for the new frigates and submarines.

A Naval Dockyard is also situated here, although it is in the process of being privatised.

Naval Station Port Elizabeth

Provides support to the fleet.

Naval Station Durban

Naval Base Durban was scaled down to a Naval Station with the rationalisation of the fleet. Durban (eThekwini is the third most populous city in South Africa, forming part of the EThekwini metropolitan municipality. Now provides fleet support.

Marines

The South Africa Marine Corps was set up as a sub-branch of the Navy in 1979, with the primary purpose of protecting harbours. The South Africa Marine Corps was set up as a sub-branch of the South African Navy in 1979 with the primary purpose of protecting harbours Marines were also deployed at Katima Mulilo in South West Africa during the South African Border War, where they were responsible for patrolling the Zambezi River. Katima Mulilo (Name derived from SiLozi meaning 'quenches the fire' in reference to nearby rapids is a town that serves as the administrative center and capital of the Caprivi Strip South-West Africa (Afrikaans Suidwes-Afrika; German Südwestafrika) was the name of what is today the Republic of Namibia. The South African Border War, also known as the Namibian War of Independence, refers to the conflict that took place from 1966 to 1989 in South-West The Zambezi (also spelled Zambesi) is the fourth-longest River in Africa and the largest flowing into the Indian Ocean from Africa The Marines also acted as regular infantry at the Border until 1988 as well as performing counter-insurgency operations inside South Africa. See also Insurgency In the context of an occupation or a Civil war, counter-insurgency (abbreviated COIN is a military term for the combat The Marines trained and fielded a small reconnaissance detachment between 1983 and 1988, based from 111HPU [Harbour Protection Unit]on Red Hill above Simonstown, they received airborn, diver and urban counter meassures training from other army units within the SADF. During township duties in the mid 1980's the detachment used facilities at SAS Rand in Johannesburg and on Signal Hill outside of Heidelberg. Lastly, the Marines had an amphibious landing capability by operating from SAS Tafelberg. Early History SAS Tafelberg started life in 1958 as the Danish tanker Annam in the service of the East Asiatic Company in

The Marines were disbanded in 1989, following a major restructuring of the Navy at the end of the South African Border War. The South African Border War, also known as the Namibian War of Independence, refers to the conflict that took place from 1966 to 1989 in South-West

Navy Reserve

The seven old Navy Reserve units were closed down during 2006. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. They were modeled on the Royal Naval Reserve unit system.

A new Navy Reserve system was created consisting of roughly 1000 reserve posts. These posts are pooled and members drawn from them as needed to augment full-time units and ships' companies.

Naval Rapid Deployment Force

This force was created during 2006. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

It consists of two operational squadrons.

Operational Boat Squadron

Equipped with Namacurra Harbour Patrol boats this unit specializes in riverine operations and boarding operations. Several boats of this unit are currently deployed in Burundi on peacekeeping duties. Burundi (buˈɾundi officially the Republic of Burundi, is a small country in the Great Lakes region of Eastern Africa bordered by Rwanda

Rapid Reaction Squadron

It is planned that this squadron will eventually be a battalion sized unit. A battalion is a Military unit of around 500-1500 men usually consisting of between two and seven companies and typically commanded by a Lieutenant Colonel Currently it consists of roughly two companies. A company is a Military unit, typically consisting of 75-200 Soldiers Most companies are formed of three to five Platoons although the exact number may vary

Members are sailors and use Naval ranks. They are trained in infantry combat up to company sized operations. They are also used for crowd control and conduct peacekeeping operations. During peacekeeping operations they are meant to augment and Army infantry battalion. Their role is very similar to the now disbanded Marines.

See also

References

  1. ^ Schmidt, Michael. "Warrior queen arrives in Simon's Town", The Independent on Saturday, 2006-04-08, p. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 217 - Roman Emperor Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian  2. Retrieved on 2006-04-08. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 217 - Roman Emperor Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian  
  2. ^ South African Navy (November 3, 2005). "S-101 Commissioned". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2007-12-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1060 - Béla I of Hungary is crowned king of Hungary 1240 - Mongol invasion of Rus: Kiev
  3. ^ South African Navy Commissions Charlotte Maxeke.
  4. ^ HT Lenton (1967). Warships of the British & Commonwealth Navies. Allan.  
  5. ^ South African Navy (SAN). Globalsecurity.org. GlobalSecurityorg, launched in 2000 is a Public policy organization whose mission is to be a reliable source of background information and developing News stories

External links

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